Addresses http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9838
On i386, HZ=1000, jiffies_to_clock_t() converts time in a somewhat strange
way from the user's point of view:
# echo 500 >/proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
# cat /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
499
So, we have 5000 jiffies converted to only 499 clock ticks and reported
back.
TICK_NSEC = 999848
ACTHZ = 256039
Keeping in-kernel variable in units passed from userspace will fix issue
of course, but this probably won't be right for every sysctl.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is now supported by x86, powerpc, sparc64, and
s390. This patch implements it for the rest of the architectures by
filling the pages with poison byte patterns after free_pages() and
verifying the poison patterns before alloc_pages().
This generic one cannot detect invalid page accesses immediately but
invalid read access may cause invalid dereference by poisoned memory and
invalid write access can be detected after a long delay.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I notice there are many places doing copy_from_user() which follows
kmalloc():
dst = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dst)
return -ENOMEM;
if (copy_from_user(dst, src, len)) {
kfree(dst);
return -EFAULT
}
memdup_user() is a wrapper of the above code. With this new function, we
don't have to write 'len' twice, which can lead to typos/mistakes. It
also produces smaller code and kernel text.
A quick grep shows 250+ places where memdup_user() *may* be used. I'll
prepare a patchset to do this conversion.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
chg is unsigned, so it cannot be less than 0.
Also, since region_chg returns long, let vma_needs_reservation() forward
this to alloc_huge_page(). Store it as long as well. all callers cast it
to long anyway.
Signed-off-by: Roel Kluin <roel.kluin@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The pagevec_swap_free() at the end of shrink_active_list() was introduced
in 68a22394 "vmscan: free swap space on swap-in/activation" when
shrink_active_list() was still rotating referenced active pages.
In 7e9cd48 "vmscan: fix pagecache reclaim referenced bit check" this was
changed, the rotating removed but the pagevec_swap_free() after the
rotation loop was forgotten, applying now to the pagevec of the
deactivation loop instead.
Now swap space is freed for deactivated pages. And only for those that
happen to be on the pagevec after the deactivation loop.
Complete 7e9cd48 and remove the rest of the swap freeing.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In shrink_active_list() after the deactivation loop, we strip buffer heads
from the potentially remaining pages in the pagevec.
Currently, this drops the zone's lru lock for stripping, only to reacquire
it again afterwards to update statistics.
It is not necessary to strip the pages before updating the stats, so move
the whole thing out of the protected region and save the extra locking.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allow non root users with sufficient mlock rlimits to be able to allocate
hugetlb backed shm for now. Deprecate this though. This is being
deprecated because the mlock based rlimit checks for SHM_HUGETLB is not
consistent with mmap based huge page allocations.
Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix hugetlb subsystem so that non root users belonging to
hugetlb_shm_group can actually allocate hugetlb backed shm.
Currently non root users cannot even map one large page using SHM_HUGETLB
when they belong to the gid in /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group. This is
because allocation size is verified against RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limit
even if the user belongs to hugetlb_shm_group.
This patch
1. Fixes hugetlb subsystem so that users with CAP_IPC_LOCK and users
belonging to hugetlb_shm_group don't need to be restricted with
RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limits
2. This patch also disables mlock based rlimit checking (which will
be reinstated and marked deprecated in a subsequent patch).
Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a helper function account_page_dirtied(). Use that from two
callsites. reiser4 adds a function which adds a third callsite.
Signed-off-by: Edward Shishkin<edward.shishkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
During page allocation, there are two stages of direct reclaim that are
applied to each zone in the preferred list. The first stage using
zone_reclaim() reclaims unmapped file backed pages and slab pages if over
defined limits as these are cheaper to reclaim. The caller specifies the
order of the target allocation but the scan control is not being correctly
initialised.
The impact is that the correct number of pages are being reclaimed but
that lumpy reclaim is not being applied. This increases the chances of a
full direct reclaim via try_to_free_pages() is required.
This patch initialises the order field of the scan control as requested by
the caller.
[mel@csn.ul.ie: rewrote changelog]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
At first look, mark_page_accessed() in follow_page() seems a bit strange.
It seems pte_mkyoung() would be better consistent with other kernel code.
However, it is intentional. The commit log said:
------------------------------------------------
commit 9e45f61d69be9024a2e6bef3831fb04d90fac7a8
Author: akpm <akpm>
Date: Fri Aug 15 07:24:59 2003 +0000
[PATCH] Use mark_page_accessed() in follow_page()
Touching a page via follow_page() counts as a reference so we should be
either setting the referenced bit in the pte or running mark_page_accessed().
Altering the pte is tricky because we haven't implemented an atomic
pte_mkyoung(). And mark_page_accessed() is better anyway because it has more
aging state: it can move the page onto the active list.
BKrev: 3f3c8acbplT8FbwBVGtth7QmnqWkIw
------------------------------------------------
The atomic issue is still true nowadays. adding comment help to understand
code intention and it would be better.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clarify text]
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
shrink_inactive_list() scans in sc->swap_cluster_max chunks until it hits
the scan limit it was passed.
shrink_inactive_list()
{
do {
isolate_pages(swap_cluster_max)
shrink_page_list()
} while (nr_scanned < max_scan);
}
This assumes that swap_cluster_max is not bigger than the scan limit
because the latter is checked only after at least one iteration.
In shrink_all_memory() sc->swap_cluster_max is initialized to the overall
reclaim goal in the beginning but not decreased while reclaim is making
progress which leads to subsequent calls to shrink_inactive_list()
reclaiming way too much in the one iteration that is done unconditionally.
Set sc->swap_cluster_max always to the proper goal before doing
shrink_all_zones()
shrink_list()
shrink_inactive_list().
While the current shrink_all_memory() happily reclaims more than actually
requested, this patch fixes it to never exceed the goal:
unpatched
wanted=10000 reclaimed=13356
wanted=10000 reclaimed=19711
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10289
wanted=10000 reclaimed=17306
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10700
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10004
wanted=10000 reclaimed=13301
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10976
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10605
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10088
wanted=10000 reclaimed=15000
patched
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=9599
wanted=10000 reclaimed=8476
wanted=10000 reclaimed=8326
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=9919
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=9624
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000
wanted=8500 reclaimed=8092
wanted=316 reclaimed=316
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nigel Cunningham <ncunningham@crca.org.au>
Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit a79311c14e "vmscan: bail out of
direct reclaim after swap_cluster_max pages" moved the nr_reclaimed
counter into the scan control to accumulate the number of all reclaimed
pages in a reclaim invocation.
shrink_all_memory() can use the same mechanism. it increase code
consistency and redability.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
commit bf3f3bc5e7 (mm: don't
mark_page_accessed in fault path) only remove the mark_page_accessed() in
filemap_fault().
Therefore, swap-backed pages and file-backed pages have inconsistent
behavior. mark_page_accessed() should be removed from do_swap_page().
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: cleanup
In almost cases, for_each_zone() is used with populated_zone(). It's
because almost function doesn't need memoryless node information.
Therefore, for_each_populated_zone() can help to make code simplify.
This patch has no functional change.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: small cleanup]
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
sc.may_swap does not only influence reclaiming of anon pages but pages
mapped into pagetables in general, which also includes mapped file pages.
In shrink_page_list():
if (!sc->may_swap && page_mapped(page))
goto keep_locked;
For anon pages, this makes sense as they are always mapped and reclaiming
them always requires swapping.
But mapped file pages are skipped here as well and it has nothing to do
with swapping.
The real effect of the knob is whether mapped pages are unmapped and
reclaimed or not. Rename it to `may_unmap' to have its name match its
actual meaning more precisely.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no need to call for int_sqrt if argument is 0.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
vmap's dirty_list is unused. It's for optimizing flushing. but Nick
didn't write the code yet. so, we don't need it until time as it is
needed.
This patch removes vmap_block's dirty_list and codes related to it.
Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In case if start_pfn overlap the upper bound no need to test end_pfn again
since we have it already trimmed.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
struct tty_operations::proc_fops took it's place and there is one less
create_proc_read_entry() user now!
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Used for gradual switch of TTY drivers from using ->read_proc which helps
with gradual switch from ->read_proc for the whole tree.
As side effect, fix possible race condition when ->data initialized after
PDE is hooked into proc tree.
->proc_fops takes precedence over ->read_proc.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6:
wireless: remove duplicated .ndo_set_mac_address
netfilter: xtables: fix IPv6 dependency in the cluster match
tg3: Add GRO support.
niu: Add GRO support.
ucc_geth: Fix use-after-of_node_put() in ucc_geth_probe().
gianfar: Fix use-after-of_node_put() in gfar_of_init().
kernel: remove HIPQUAD()
netpoll: store local and remote ip in net-endian
netfilter: fix endian bug in conntrack printks
dmascc: fix incomplete conversion to network_device_ops
gso: Fix support for linear packets
skbuff.h: fix missing kernel-doc
ni5010: convert to net_device_ops
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/sparc-2.6:
sparc64: Fix reset hangs on Niagara systems.
cpumask: use mm_cpumask() wrapper: sparc
cpumask: remove dangerous CPU_MASK_ALL_PTR, &CPU_MASK_ALL.: sparc
cpumask: remove the now-obsoleted pcibus_to_cpumask(): sparc
cpumask: remove cpu_coregroup_map: sparc
cpumask: prepare for iterators to only go to nr_cpu_ids/nr_cpumask_bits.: sparc
cpumask: prepare for iterators to only go to nr_cpu_ids/nr_cpumask_bits.: sparc64
cpumask: Use accessors code.: sparc64
cpumask: Use accessors code: sparc
cpumask: arch_send_call_function_ipi_mask: sparc
cpumask: Use smp_call_function_many(): sparc64
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux-2.6-lguest-and-virtio:
lguest: barrier me harder
lguest: use bool instead of int
lguest: use KVM hypercalls
lguest: wire up pte_update/pte_update_defer
lguest: fix spurious BUG_ON() on invalid guest stack.
virtio: more neatening of virtio_ring macros.
virtio: fix BAD_RING, START_US and END_USE macros
* 'hwmon-for-linus' of git://jdelvare.pck.nerim.net/jdelvare-2.6:
hwmon: (fschmd) Add support for the FSC Hades IC
hwmon: (fschmd) Add support for the FSC Syleus IC
i2c-i801: Instantiate FSC hardware montioring chips
dmi: Let dmi_walk() users pass private data
hwmon: Define a standard interface for chassis intrusion detection
Move the pcf8591 driver to hwmon
hwmon: (w83627ehf) Only expose in6 or temp3 on the W83667HG
hwmon: (w83627ehf) Add support for W83667HG
hwmon: (w83627ehf) Invert fan pin variables logic
hwmon: (hdaps) Fix Thinkpad X41 axis inversion
hwmon: (hdaps) Allow inversion of separate axis
hwmon: (ds1621) Clean up documentation
hwmon: (ds1621) Avoid unneeded register access
hwmon: (ds1621) Clean up register access
hwmon: (ds1621) Reorder code statements
* 'proc-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc:
Revert "proc: revert /proc/uptime to ->read_proc hook"
proc 2/2: remove struct proc_dir_entry::owner
proc 1/2: do PDE usecounting even for ->read_proc, ->write_proc
proc: fix sparse warnings in pagemap_read()
proc: move fs/proc/inode-alloc.txt comment into a source file
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/suspend-2.6:
PCI PM: Make pci_prepare_to_sleep() disable wake-up if needed
radeonfb: Use __pci_complete_power_transition()
PCI PM: Introduce __pci_[start|complete]_power_transition() (rev. 2)
PCI PM: Restore config spaces of all devices during early resume
PCI PM: Make pci_set_power_state() handle devices with no PM support
PCI PM: Put devices into low power states during late suspend (rev. 2)
PCI PM: Move pci_restore_standard_config to pci-driver.c
PCI PM: Use pci_set_power_state during early resume
PCI PM: Consistently use variable name "error" for pm call return values
kexec: Change kexec jump code ordering
PM: Change hibernation code ordering
PM: Change suspend code ordering
PM: Rework handling of interrupts during suspend-resume
PM: Introduce functions for suspending and resuming device interrupts
Fix printk format warnings in dma-debug:
lib/dma-debug.c:645: warning: format '%016llx' expects type 'long long unsigned int', but argument 6 has type 'dma_addr_t'
lib/dma-debug.c:662: warning: format '%016llx' expects type 'long long unsigned int', but argument 6 has type 'dma_addr_t'
lib/dma-debug.c:676: warning: format '%016llx' expects type 'long long unsigned int', but argument 6 has type 'dma_addr_t'
lib/dma-debug.c:686: warning: format '%016llx' expects type 'long long unsigned int', but argument 6 has type 'dma_addr_t'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix this build error when REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL is not set:
fs/reiserfs/inode.c: In function 'reiserfs_new_inode':
fs/reiserfs/inode.c:1919: warning: passing argument 1 of 'reiserfs_inherit_default_acl' from incompatible pointer type
fs/reiserfs/inode.c:1919: warning: passing argument 2 of 'reiserfs_inherit_default_acl' from incompatible pointer type
fs/reiserfs/inode.c:1919: warning: passing argument 3 of 'reiserfs_inherit_default_acl' from incompatible pointer type
fs/reiserfs/inode.c:1919: error: too many arguments to function 'reiserfs_inherit_default_acl'
due to a missing transaction-handle argument in the non-acl
compatibility function.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Beregalov <a.beregalov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Heiko reported that we grab the graph lock with irqs enabled.
Fix this by providng the same wrapper as all other lockdep entry
functions have.
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
LKML-Reference: <1237544000.24626.52.camel@twins>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
