Clearing PSTATE.D is one of the requirements for generating a debug
exception. The arm64 booting protocol requires that PSTATE.D is set,
since many of the debug registers (for example, the hw_breakpoint
registers) are UNKNOWN out of reset and could potentially generate
spurious, fatal debug exceptions in early boot code if PSTATE.D was
clear. Once the debug registers have been safely initialised, PSTATE.D
is cleared, however this is currently broken for two reasons:
(1) The boot CPU clears PSTATE.D in a postcore_initcall and secondary
CPUs clear PSTATE.D in secondary_start_kernel. Since the initcall
runs after SMP (and the scheduler) have been initialised, there is
no guarantee that it is actually running on the boot CPU. In this
case, the boot CPU is left with PSTATE.D set and is not capable of
generating debug exceptions.
(2) In a preemptible kernel, we may explicitly schedule on the IRQ
return path to EL1. If an IRQ occurs with PSTATE.D set in the idle
thread, then we may schedule the kthread_init thread, run the
postcore_initcall to clear PSTATE.D and then context switch back
to the idle thread before returning from the IRQ. The exception
return path will then restore PSTATE.D from the stack, and set it
again.
This patch fixes the problem by moving the clearing of PSTATE.D earlier
to proc.S. This has the desirable effect of clearing it in one place for
all CPUs, long before we have to worry about the scheduler or any
exception handling. We ensure that the previous reset of MDSCR_EL1 has
completed before unmasking the exception, so that any spurious
exceptions resulting from UNKNOWN debug registers are not generated.
Without this patch applied, the kprobes selftests have been seen to fail
under KVM, where we end up attempting to step the OOL instruction buffer
with PSTATE.D set and therefore fail to complete the step.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reported-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Current bus notifier in ARM64 (__iommu_attach_notifier)
attempts to attach dma_ops to a device on BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE
action notification.
This will cause issues on ACPI based systems, where PCI devices
can be added before the IOMMUs the devices are attached to
had a chance to be probed, causing failures on attempts to
attach dma_ops in that the domain for the respective IOMMU
may not be set-up yet by the time the bus notifier is run.
Devices dma_ops do not require to be set-up till the matching
device drivers are probed. This means that instead of running
the notifier attaching dma_ops to devices (__iommu_attach_notifier)
on BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE action, it can be run just before the
device driver is bound to the device in question (on action
BUS_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER) so that it is certain that its IOMMU
group and domain are set-up accordingly at the time the
notifier is triggered.
This patch changes the notifier action upon which dma_ops
are attached to devices and defer it to driver binding time,
so that IOMMU devices have a chance to be probed and to register
their bus notifiers before the dma_ops attach sequence for a
device is actually carried out.
As a result we also no longer need worry about racing with
iommu_bus_notifier(), or about retrying the queue in case devices
were added too early on DT-based systems, so clean up the notifier
itself plus the additional workaround from 722ec35f7f ("arm64:
dma-mapping: fix handling of devices registered before arch_initcall")
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
[rm: get rid of other now-redundant bits]
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
The routine __create_pgd_mapping() does nothing except calling init_pgd(),
which has no other callers. So fold the latter into the former. Also, drop
a comment that has gone stale.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Since the efi_create_mapping() no longer generates block mappings
and being the last user of the split_p*d code, remove these functions
and the corresponding TLBI.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
[ardb: replace 'overlapping regions' with 'block mappings' in commit log]
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Add a bool parameter 'allow_block_mappings' to create_pgd_mapping() and
the various helper functions that it descends into, to give the caller
control over whether block entries may be used to create the mapping.
The UEFI runtime mapping routines will use this to avoid creating block
entries that would need to split up into page entries when applying the
permissions listed in the Memory Attributes firmware table.
This also replaces the block_mappings_allowed() helper function that was
added for DEBUG_PAGEALLOC functionality, but the resulting code is
functionally equivalent (given that debug_page_alloc does not operate on
EFI page table entries anyway)
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
The ARM errata 819472, 826319, 827319 and 824069 for affected
Cortex-A53 cores demand to promote "dc cvau" instructions to
"dc civac" as well.
Attribute the usage of the instruction in __flush_cache_user_range
to also be covered by our alternative patching efforts.
For that we introduce an assembly macro which both deals with
alternatives while still tagging the instructions as USER.
Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
The memblock_alloc() and memblock_alloc_base() will panic on their own
if no free memory, remove pointless BUG_ON.
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
As Kees Cook notes in the ARM counterpart of this patch [0]:
The _etext position is defined to be the end of the kernel text code,
and should not include any part of the data segments. This interferes
with things that might check memory ranges and expect executable code
up to _etext.
In particular, Kees is referring to the HARDENED_USERCOPY patch set [1],
which rejects attempts to call copy_to_user() on kernel ranges containing
executable code, but does allow access to the .rodata segment. Regardless
of whether one may or may not agree with the distinction, it makes sense
for _etext to have the same meaning across architectures.
So let's put _etext where it belongs, between .text and .rodata, and fix
up existing references to use __init_begin instead, which unlike _end_rodata
includes the exception and notes sections as well.
The _etext references in kaslr.c are left untouched, since its references
to [_stext, _etext) are meant to capture potential jump instruction targets,
and so disregarding .rodata is actually an improvement here.
[0] http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/2245084
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.hardened.devel/2502
Reported-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
We currently open-code extracting the NUMA node of a memblock region,
which requires an ifdef to cater for !CONFIG_NUMA builds where the
memblock_region::nid field does not exist.
The generic memblock_get_region_node helper is intended to cater for
this. For CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP, builds this returns reg->nid,
and for for !CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP builds this is a static
inline that returns 0. Note that for arm64,
CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP is selected iff CONFIG_NUMA is.
This patch makes use of memblock_get_region_node to simplify the arm64
code. At the same time, we can move the nid variable definition into the
loop, as this is the only place it is used.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Currently we treat ESR_EL1 bit 24 as software-defined for distinguishing
instruction aborts from data aborts, but this bit is architecturally
RES0 for instruction aborts, and could be allocated for an arbitrary
purpose in future. Additionally, we hard-code the value in entry.S
without the mnemonic, making the code difficult to understand.
Instead, remove ESR_LNX_EXEC, and distinguish aborts based on the esr,
which we already pass to the sole use of ESR_LNX_EXEC. A new helper,
is_el0_instruction_abort() is added to make the logic clear. Any
instruction aborts taken from EL1 will already have been handled by
bad_mode, so we need not handle that case in the helper.
For consistency, the existing permission_fault helper is renamed to
is_permission_fault, and the return type is changed to bool. There
should be no functional changes as the return value was a boolean
expression, and the result is only used in another boolean expression.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Dave P Martin <dave.martin@arm.com>
Cc: Huang Shijie <shijie.huang@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Several places open-code extraction of the EC field from an ESR_ELx
value, in subtly different ways. This is unfortunate duplication and
variation, and the precise logic used to extract the field is a
distraction.
This patch adds a new macro, ESR_ELx_EC(), to extract the EC field from
an ESR_ELx value in a consistent fashion.
Existing open-coded extractions in core arm64 code are moved over to the
new helper. KVM code is left as-is for the moment.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Huang Shijie <shijie.huang@arm.com>
Cc: Dave P Martin <dave.martin@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
we only initialize swiotlb when swiotlb_force is true or not all system
memory is DMA-able, this trivial optimization saves us 64MB when
swiotlb is not necessary.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
For debugging purposes, it would be nice if we could export page tables
other than the swapper_pg_dir to userspace. To enable this, this patch
refactors the arm64 page table dumping code such that multiple tables
may be registered with the framework, and exported under debugfs.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Unlike the debug_fault_info table, we never intentionally alter the
fault_info table at runtime, and all derived pointers are treated as
const currently.
Make the table const so that it can be placed in .rodata and protected
from unintentional writes, as we do for the syscall tables.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Commit 66dbd6e61a ("arm64: Implement ptep_set_access_flags() for
hardware AF/DBM") ensured that pte flags are updated atomically in the
face of potential concurrent, hardware-assisted updates. However, Alex
reports that:
| This patch breaks swapping for me.
| In the broken case, you'll see either systemd cpu time spike (because
| it's stuck in a page fault loop) or the system hang (because the
| application owning the screen is stuck in a page fault loop).
It turns out that this is because the 'dirty' argument to
ptep_set_access_flags is always 0 for read faults, and so we can't use
it to set PTE_RDONLY. The failing sequence is:
1. We put down a PTE_WRITE | PTE_DIRTY | PTE_AF pte
2. Memory pressure -> pte_mkold(pte) -> clear PTE_AF
3. A read faults due to the missing access flag
4. ptep_set_access_flags is called with dirty = 0, due to the read fault
5. pte is then made PTE_WRITE | PTE_DIRTY | PTE_AF | PTE_RDONLY (!)
6. A write faults, but pte_write is true so we get stuck
The solution is to check the new page table entry (as would be done by
the generic, non-atomic definition of ptep_set_access_flags that just
calls set_pte_at) to establish the dirty state.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.3+
Fixes: 66dbd6e61a ("arm64: Implement ptep_set_access_flags() for hardware AF/DBM")
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The page table dump code logs spans of entries at the same level
(pgd/pud/pmd/pte) which have the same attributes. While we log the
(decoded) attributes, we don't log the level, which leaves the output
ambiguous and/or confusing in some cases.
For example:
0xffff800800000000-0xffff800980000000 6G RW NX SHD AF BLK UXN MEM/NORMAL
If using 4K pages, this may describe a span of 6 1G block entries at the
PGD/PUD level, or 3072 2M block entries at the PMD level.
This patch adds the page table level to each output line, removing this
ambiguity. For the example above, this will produce:
0xffffffc800000000-0xffffffc980000000 6G PUD RW NX SHD AF BLK UXN MEM/NORMAL
When 3 level tables are in use, and we use the asm-generic/nopud.h
definitions, the dump code treats each entry in the PGD as a 1 element
table at the PUD level, and logs spans as being PUDs, which can be
confusing. To counteract this, the "PUD" mnemonic is replaced with "PGD"
when CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS <= 3. Likewise for "PMD" when
CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS <= 2.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Huang Shijie <shijie.huang@arm.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This reverts commit ff7925848b.
Now that the contiguous-hint hugetlb regression has been debugged and
fixed upstream by 66ee95d16a ("mm: exclude HugeTLB pages from THP
page_mapped() logic"), we can revert the previous partial revert of this
feature.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- fsnotify fix
- poll() timeout fix
- a few scripts/ tweaks
- debugobjects updates
- the (small) ocfs2 queue
- Minor fixes to kernel/padata.c
- Maybe half of the MM queue
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (117 commits)
mm, page_alloc: restore the original nodemask if the fast path allocation failed
mm, page_alloc: uninline the bad page part of check_new_page()
mm, page_alloc: don't duplicate code in free_pcp_prepare
mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of pages allocated from the PCP
mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of freed pages until a PCP drain
cpuset: use static key better and convert to new API
mm, page_alloc: inline pageblock lookup in page free fast paths
mm, page_alloc: remove unnecessary variable from free_pcppages_bulk
mm, page_alloc: pull out side effects from free_pages_check
mm, page_alloc: un-inline the bad part of free_pages_check
mm, page_alloc: check multiple page fields with a single branch
mm, page_alloc: remove field from alloc_context
mm, page_alloc: avoid looking up the first zone in a zonelist twice
mm, page_alloc: shortcut watermark checks for order-0 pages
mm, page_alloc: reduce cost of fair zone allocation policy retry
mm, page_alloc: shorten the page allocator fast path
mm, page_alloc: check once if a zone has isolated pageblocks
mm, page_alloc: move __GFP_HARDWALL modifications out of the fastpath
mm, page_alloc: simplify last cpupid reset
mm, page_alloc: remove unnecessary initialisation from __alloc_pages_nodemask()
...
The updates include:
* Rate limiting for the VT-d fault handler
* Remove statistics code from the AMD IOMMU driver. It is unused
and should be replaced by something more generic if needed
* Per-domain pagesize-bitmaps in IOMMU core code to support
systems with different types of IOMMUs
* Support for ACPI devices in the AMD IOMMU driver
* 4GB mode support for Mediatek IOMMU driver
* ARM-SMMU updates from Will Deacon:
- Support for 64k pages with SMMUv1 implementations
(e.g MMU-401)
- Remove open-coded 64-bit MMIO accessors
- Initial support for 16-bit VMIDs, as supported by some
ThunderX SMMU implementations
- A couple of errata workarounds for silicon in the
field
* Various fixes here and there
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Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu
Pull IOMMU updates from Joerg Roedel:
"The updates include:
- rate limiting for the VT-d fault handler
- remove statistics code from the AMD IOMMU driver. It is unused and
should be replaced by something more generic if needed
- per-domain pagesize-bitmaps in IOMMU core code to support systems
with different types of IOMMUs
- support for ACPI devices in the AMD IOMMU driver
- 4GB mode support for Mediatek IOMMU driver
- ARM-SMMU updates from Will Deacon:
- support for 64k pages with SMMUv1 implementations (e.g MMU-401)
- remove open-coded 64-bit MMIO accessors
- initial support for 16-bit VMIDs, as supported by some ThunderX
SMMU implementations
- a couple of errata workarounds for silicon in the field
- various fixes here and there"
* tag 'iommu-updates-v4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu: (44 commits)
iommu/arm-smmu: Use per-domain page sizes.
iommu/amd: Remove statistics code
iommu/dma: Finish optimising higher-order allocations
iommu: Allow selecting page sizes per domain
iommu: of: enforce const-ness of struct iommu_ops
iommu: remove unused priv field from struct iommu_ops
iommu/dma: Implement scatterlist segment merging
iommu/arm-smmu: Clear cache lock bit of ACR
iommu/arm-smmu: Support SMMUv1 64KB supplement
iommu/arm-smmu: Decouple context format from kernel config
iommu/arm-smmu: Tidy up 64-bit/atomic I/O accesses
io-64-nonatomic: Add relaxed accessor variants
iommu/arm-smmu: Work around MMU-500 prefetch errata
iommu/arm-smmu: Convert ThunderX workaround to new method
iommu/arm-smmu: Differentiate specific implementations
iommu/arm-smmu: Workaround for ThunderX erratum #27704
iommu/arm-smmu: Add support for 16 bit VMID
iommu/amd: Move get_device_id() and friends to beginning of file
iommu/amd: Don't use IS_ERR_VALUE to check integer values
iommu/amd: Signedness bug in acpihid_device_group()
...
Now that we know exactly which page sizes our caller wants to use in the
given domain, we can restrict higher-order allocation attempts to just
those sizes, if any, and avoid wasting any time or effort on other sizes
which offer no benefit. In the same vein, this also lets us accommodate
a minimum order greater than 0 for special cases.
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Yong Wu <yong.wu@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
As a set of driver-provided callbacks and static data, there is no
compelling reason for struct iommu_ops to be mutable in core code, so
enforce const-ness throughout.
Acked-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
arch_pick_mmap_layout is only called by fs/exec.c which is always built into
kernel, it looks the EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL is pointless and no architectures export
it other than ARM64.
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
By enabling the MMU early in cpu_resume(), the sleep_save_sp and stack can
be accessed by VA, which avoids the need to convert-addresses and clean to
PoC on the suspend path.
MMU setup is shared with the boot path, meaning the swapper_pg_dir is
restored directly: ttbr1_el1 is no longer saved/restored.
struct sleep_save_sp is removed, replacing it with a single array of
pointers.
cpu_do_{suspend,resume} could be further reduced to not restore: cpacr_el1,
mdscr_el1, tcr_el1, vbar_el1 and sctlr_el1, all of which are set by
__cpu_setup(). However these values all contain res0 bits that may be used
to enable future features.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
To allow the assembler macros defined in arch/arm64/mm/proc-macros.S to
be used outside the mm code move the contents of proc-macros.S to
asm/assembler.h. Also, delete proc-macros.S, and fix up all references
to proc-macros.S.
Signed-off-by: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
[rebased, included dcache_by_line_op]
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Annotate the KASAN shadow region with boundary markers, so that its
mappings stand out in the page table dumper output.
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
There is no need to initialize the vmemmap region boundaries dynamically,
since they are compile time constants. So just add these constants to the
global struct initializer, and drop the dynamic assignment and related code.
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
With the IOMMU core now taking care of default domains for groups
regardless of bus type, we can gleefully rip out this stop-gap, as
slight recompense for having to expand the other one.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
PCI devices now suffer the same hiccup as platform devices, in that they
get their DMA ops configured before they have been added to their bus,
and thus before we know whether they have successfully registered with
an IOMMU or not. Until the necessary driver core changes to reorder
calls during device creation have been worked out, extend our delayed
notifier trick onto the PCI bus so as to avoid broken DMA ops once
IOMMUs get plugged into the PCI code.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Show the bss segment information as with text and data in Virtual
memory kernel layout.
Acked-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Each line with single pr_cont() in Virtual kernel memory layout,
or the dump of the kernel memory layout in dmesg is not aligned
when PRINTK_TIME enabled, due to the missing time stamps.
Tested-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
We already re-enable interrupts where necessary in the entry code, so
there is no need to do it again in do_page fault. This patch removes
the redundant code.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Huang Shijie <shijie.huang@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
When hardware updates of the access and dirty states are enabled, the
default ptep_set_access_flags() implementation based on calling
set_pte_at() directly is potentially racy. This triggers the "racy dirty
state clearing" warning in set_pte_at() because an existing writable PTE
is overridden with a clean entry.
There are two main scenarios for this situation:
1. The CPU getting an access fault does not support hardware updates of
the access/dirty flags. However, a different agent in the system
(e.g. SMMU) can do this, therefore overriding a writable entry with a
clean one could potentially lose the automatically updated dirty
status
2. A more complex situation is possible when all CPUs support hardware
AF/DBM:
a) Initial state: shareable + writable vma and pte_none(pte)
b) Read fault taken by two threads of the same process on different
CPUs
c) CPU0 takes the mmap_sem and proceeds to handling the fault. It
eventually reaches do_set_pte() which sets a writable + clean pte.
CPU0 releases the mmap_sem
d) CPU1 acquires the mmap_sem and proceeds to handle_pte_fault(). The
pte entry it reads is present, writable and clean and it continues
to pte_mkyoung()
e) CPU1 calls ptep_set_access_flags()
If between (d) and (e) the hardware (another CPU) updates the dirty
state (clears PTE_RDONLY), CPU1 will override the PTR_RDONLY bit
marking the entry clean again.
This patch implements an arm64-specific ptep_set_access_flags() function
to perform an atomic update of the PTE flags.
Fixes: 2f4b829c62 ("arm64: Add support for hardware updates of the access and dirty pte bits")
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.3+
[will: reworded comment]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Attempt to get the memory and CPU NUMA node via of_numa. If that
fails, default the dummy NUMA node and map all memory and CPUs to node
0.
Tested-by: Shannon Zhao <shannon.zhao@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Robert Richter <rrichter@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Ganapatrao Kulkarni <gkulkarni@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
In order to extract NUMA information from the device tree, we need to
have the tree in its unflattened form.
Move the call to bootmem_init() in the tail of paging_init() into
setup_arch, and adjust header files so that its declaration is
visible.
Move the unflatten_device_tree() call between the calls to
paging_init() and bootmem_init(). Follow on patches add NUMA handling
to bootmem_init().
Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
During the activation of a secondary CPU, we could report serious
configuration issues and hence request to crash the kernel. We do
this for CPU ASID bit check now. We will need it also for handling
mismatched exception levels for the CPUs with VHE. Hence, add a
helper to do the same for reusability.
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
With CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING, CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKDEP and CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
enabled, lockdep will compare current->hardirqs_enabled with the flags from
local_irq_save().
When a debug exception occurs, interrupts are disabled in entry.S, but
lockdep isn't told, resulting in:
DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(current->hardirqs_enabled)
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at ../kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3523
Modules linked in:
CPU: 3 PID: 1752 Comm: perf Not tainted 4.5.0-rc4+ #2204
Hardware name: ARM Juno development board (r1) (DT)
task: ffffffc974868000 ti: ffffffc975f40000 task.ti: ffffffc975f40000
PC is at check_flags.part.35+0x17c/0x184
LR is at check_flags.part.35+0x17c/0x184
pc : [<ffffff80080fc93c>] lr : [<ffffff80080fc93c>] pstate: 600003c5
[...]
---[ end trace 74631f9305ef5020 ]---
Call trace:
[<ffffff80080fc93c>] check_flags.part.35+0x17c/0x184
[<ffffff80080ffe30>] lock_acquire+0xa8/0xc4
[<ffffff8008093038>] breakpoint_handler+0x118/0x288
[<ffffff8008082434>] do_debug_exception+0x3c/0xa8
[<ffffff80080854b4>] el1_dbg+0x18/0x6c
[<ffffff80081e82f4>] do_filp_open+0x64/0xdc
[<ffffff80081d6e60>] do_sys_open+0x140/0x204
[<ffffff80081d6f58>] SyS_openat+0x10/0x18
[<ffffff8008085d30>] el0_svc_naked+0x24/0x28
possible reason: unannotated irqs-off.
irq event stamp: 65857
hardirqs last enabled at (65857): [<ffffff80081fb1c0>] lookup_mnt+0xf4/0x1b4
hardirqs last disabled at (65856): [<ffffff80081fb188>] lookup_mnt+0xbc/0x1b4
softirqs last enabled at (65790): [<ffffff80080bdca4>] __do_softirq+0x1f8/0x290
softirqs last disabled at (65757): [<ffffff80080be038>] irq_exit+0x9c/0xd0
This patch adds the annotations to do_debug_exception(), while trying not
to call trace_hardirqs_off() if el1_dbg() interrupted a task that already
had irqs disabled.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Keeping .head.text out of the .text mapping buys us very little: its actual
payload is only 4 KB, most of which is padding, but the page alignment may
add up to 2 MB (in case of CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA=y) of additional
padding to the uncompressed kernel Image.
Also, on 4 KB granule kernels, the 4 KB misalignment of .text forces us to
map the adjacent 56 KB of code without the PTE_CONT attribute, and since
this region contains things like the vector table and the GIC interrupt
handling entry point, this region is likely to benefit from the reduced TLB
pressure that results from PTE_CONT mappings.
So remove the alignment between the .head.text and .text sections, and use
the [_text, _etext) rather than the [_stext, _etext) interval for mapping
the .text segment.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Replace the poorly defined term chunk with segment, which is a term that is
already used by the ELF spec to describe contiguous mappings with the same
permission attributes of statically allocated ranges of an executable.
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This moves the vmemmap region right below PAGE_OFFSET, aka the start
of the linear region, and redefines its size to be a power of two.
Due to the placement of PAGE_OFFSET in the middle of the address space,
whose size is a power of two as well, this guarantees that virt to
page conversions and vice versa can be implemented efficiently, by
masking and shifting rather than ordinary arithmetic.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The implementation of free_initmem_default() expects __init_begin
and __init_end to be covered by the linear mapping, which is no
longer the case. So open code it instead, using addresses that are
explicitly translated from kernel virtual to linear virtual.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Instead of going out of our way to relocate the initrd if it turns out
to occupy memory that is not covered by the linear mapping, just add the
initrd to the linear mapping. This puts the burden on the bootloader to
pass initrd= and mem= options that are mutually consistent.
Note that, since the placement of the linear region in the PA space is
also dependent on the placement of the kernel Image, which may reside
anywhere in memory, we may still end up with a situation where the initrd
and the kernel Image are simply too far apart to be covered by the linear
region.
Since we now leave it up to the bootloader to pass the initrd in memory
that is guaranteed to be accessible by the kernel, add a mention of this to
the arm64 boot protocol specification as well.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
After choosing memstart_addr to be the highest multiple of
ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN less than or equal to the first usable physical memory
address, we clip the memblocks to the maximum size of the linear region.
Since the kernel may be high up in memory, we take care not to clip the
kernel itself, which means we have to clip some memory from the bottom if
this occurs, to ensure that the distance between the first and the last
usable physical memory address can be covered by the linear region.
However, we fail to update memstart_addr if this clipping from the bottom
occurs, which means that we may still end up with virtual addresses that
wrap into the userland range. So increment memstart_addr as appropriate to
prevent this from happening.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Currently we disable preemption in copy_to_user_page; a behaviour that
we inherited from the 32-bit arm code. This was necessary for older
cores without broadcast data cache maintenance, and ensured that cache
lines were dirtied and cleaned by the same CPU. On these systems dirty
cache line migration was not possible, so this was sufficient to
guarantee coherency.
On contemporary systems, cache coherence protocols permit (dirty) cache
lines to migrate between CPUs as a result of speculation, prefetching,
and other behaviours. To account for this, in ARMv8 data cache
maintenance operations are broadcast and affect all data caches in the
domain associated with the VA (i.e. ISH for kernel and user mappings).
In __switch_to we ensure that tasks can be safely migrated in the middle
of a maintenance sequence, using a dsb(ish) to ensure prior explicit
memory accesses are observed and cache maintenance operations are
completed before a task can be run on another CPU.
Given the above, it is not necessary to disable preemption in
copy_to_user_page. This patch removes the preempt_{disable,enable}
calls, permitting preemption.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Commit 324420bf91 ("arm64: add support for ioremap() block
mappings") added new p?d_set_huge functions which do the hard work to
generate and set a correct block entry.
These differ from open-coded huge page creation in the early page table
code by explicitly setting the P?D_TYPE_SECT bits (which are implicitly
retained by mk_sect_prot() for any valid prot), but are otherwise
identical (and cannot fail on arm64).
For simplicity and consistency, make use of these in the initial page
table creation code.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
The printk() implementation has a limit of LOG_LINE_MAX (== 1024 - 32)
buffer per call which the arm64 mem_init() breaches when printing the
virtual memory layout with CONFIG_KASAN enabled. The result is that the
last line is no longer printed. This patch splits the call into a
pr_notice() + additional pr_cont() calls.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Merge second patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- a couple of hotfixes
- the rest of MM
- a new timer slack control in procfs
- a couple of procfs fixes
- a few misc things
- some printk tweaks
- lib/ updates, notably to radix-tree.
- add my and Nick Piggin's old userspace radix-tree test harness to
tools/testing/radix-tree/. Matthew said it was a godsend during the
radix-tree work he did.
- a few code-size improvements, switching to __always_inline where gcc
screwed up.
- partially implement character sets in sscanf
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (118 commits)
sscanf: implement basic character sets
lib/bug.c: use common WARN helper
param: convert some "on"/"off" users to strtobool
lib: add "on"/"off" support to kstrtobool
lib: update single-char callers of strtobool()
lib: move strtobool() to kstrtobool()
include/linux/unaligned: force inlining of byteswap operations
include/uapi/linux/byteorder, swab: force inlining of some byteswap operations
include/asm-generic/atomic-long.h: force inlining of some atomic_long operations
usb: common: convert to use match_string() helper
ide: hpt366: convert to use match_string() helper
ata: hpt366: convert to use match_string() helper
power: ab8500: convert to use match_string() helper
power: charger_manager: convert to use match_string() helper
drm/edid: convert to use match_string() helper
pinctrl: convert to use match_string() helper
device property: convert to use match_string() helper
lib/string: introduce match_string() helper
radix-tree tests: add test for radix_tree_iter_next
radix-tree tests: add regression3 test
...
- Initial page table creation reworked to avoid breaking large block
mappings (huge pages) into smaller ones. The ARM architecture requires
break-before-make in such cases to avoid TLB conflicts but that's not
always possible on live page tables
- Kernel virtual memory layout: the kernel image is no longer linked to
the bottom of the linear mapping (PAGE_OFFSET) but at the bottom of
the vmalloc space, allowing the kernel to be loaded (nearly) anywhere
in physical RAM
- Kernel ASLR: position independent kernel Image and modules being
randomly mapped in the vmalloc space with the randomness is provided
by UEFI (efi_get_random_bytes() patches merged via the arm64 tree,
acked by Matt Fleming)
- Implement relative exception tables for arm64, required by KASLR
(initial code for ARCH_HAS_RELATIVE_EXTABLE added to lib/extable.c but
actual x86 conversion to deferred to 4.7 because of the merge
dependencies)
- Support for the User Access Override feature of ARMv8.2: this allows
uaccess functions (get_user etc.) to be implemented using LDTR/STTR
instructions. Such instructions, when run by the kernel, perform
unprivileged accesses adding an extra level of protection. The
set_fs() macro is used to "upgrade" such instruction to privileged
accesses via the UAO bit
- Half-precision floating point support (part of ARMv8.2)
- Optimisations for CPUs with or without a hardware prefetcher (using
run-time code patching)
- copy_page performance improvement to deal with 128 bytes at a time
- Sanity checks on the CPU capabilities (via CPUID) to prevent
incompatible secondary CPUs from being brought up (e.g. weird
big.LITTLE configurations)
- valid_user_regs() reworked for better sanity check of the sigcontext
information (restored pstate information)
- ACPI parking protocol implementation
- CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA enabled by default
- VDSO code marked as read-only
- DEBUG_PAGEALLOC support
- ARCH_HAS_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL enabled
- Erratum workaround Cavium ThunderX SoC
- set_pte_at() fix for PROT_NONE mappings
- Code clean-ups
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
"Here are the main arm64 updates for 4.6. There are some relatively
intrusive changes to support KASLR, the reworking of the kernel
virtual memory layout and initial page table creation.
Summary:
- Initial page table creation reworked to avoid breaking large block
mappings (huge pages) into smaller ones. The ARM architecture
requires break-before-make in such cases to avoid TLB conflicts but
that's not always possible on live page tables
- Kernel virtual memory layout: the kernel image is no longer linked
to the bottom of the linear mapping (PAGE_OFFSET) but at the bottom
of the vmalloc space, allowing the kernel to be loaded (nearly)
anywhere in physical RAM
- Kernel ASLR: position independent kernel Image and modules being
randomly mapped in the vmalloc space with the randomness is
provided by UEFI (efi_get_random_bytes() patches merged via the
arm64 tree, acked by Matt Fleming)
- Implement relative exception tables for arm64, required by KASLR
(initial code for ARCH_HAS_RELATIVE_EXTABLE added to lib/extable.c
but actual x86 conversion to deferred to 4.7 because of the merge
dependencies)
- Support for the User Access Override feature of ARMv8.2: this
allows uaccess functions (get_user etc.) to be implemented using
LDTR/STTR instructions. Such instructions, when run by the kernel,
perform unprivileged accesses adding an extra level of protection.
The set_fs() macro is used to "upgrade" such instruction to
privileged accesses via the UAO bit
- Half-precision floating point support (part of ARMv8.2)
- Optimisations for CPUs with or without a hardware prefetcher (using
run-time code patching)
- copy_page performance improvement to deal with 128 bytes at a time
- Sanity checks on the CPU capabilities (via CPUID) to prevent
incompatible secondary CPUs from being brought up (e.g. weird
big.LITTLE configurations)
- valid_user_regs() reworked for better sanity check of the
sigcontext information (restored pstate information)
- ACPI parking protocol implementation
- CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA enabled by default
- VDSO code marked as read-only
- DEBUG_PAGEALLOC support
- ARCH_HAS_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL enabled
- Erratum workaround Cavium ThunderX SoC
- set_pte_at() fix for PROT_NONE mappings
- Code clean-ups"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (99 commits)
arm64: kasan: Fix zero shadow mapping overriding kernel image shadow
arm64: kasan: Use actual memory node when populating the kernel image shadow
arm64: Update PTE_RDONLY in set_pte_at() for PROT_NONE permission
arm64: Fix misspellings in comments.
arm64: efi: add missing frame pointer assignment
arm64: make mrs_s prefixing implicit in read_cpuid
arm64: enable CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA by default
arm64: Rework valid_user_regs
arm64: mm: check at build time that PAGE_OFFSET divides the VA space evenly
arm64: KVM: Move kvm_call_hyp back to its original localtion
arm64: mm: treat memstart_addr as a signed quantity
arm64: mm: list kernel sections in order
arm64: lse: deal with clobbered IP registers after branch via PLT
arm64: mm: dump: Use VA_START directly instead of private LOWEST_ADDR
arm64: kconfig: add submenu for 8.2 architectural features
arm64: kernel: acpi: fix ioremap in ACPI parking protocol cpu_postboot
arm64: Add support for Half precision floating point
arm64: Remove fixmap include fragility
arm64: Add workaround for Cavium erratum 27456
arm64: mm: Mark .rodata as RO
...
The define has a comment from Nick Piggin from 2007:
/* For backwards compat. Remove me quickly. */
I guess 9 years should not be too hurried sense of 'quickly' even for
kernel measures.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>