linux/mm/mmu_gather.c

#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/kmsan-checks.h>
#include <linux/mmdebug.h>
#include <linux/mm_types.h>
#include <linux/mm_inline.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>

#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER

static bool tlb_next_batch(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	struct mmu_gather_batch *batch;

	/* No more batching if we have delayed rmaps pending */
	if (tlb->delayed_rmap)
		return false;

	batch = tlb->active;
	if (batch->next) {
		tlb->active = batch->next;
		return true;
	}

	if (tlb->batch_count == MAX_GATHER_BATCH_COUNT)
		return false;

	batch = (void *)__get_free_pages(GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN, 0);
	if (!batch)
		return false;

	tlb->batch_count++;
	batch->next = NULL;
	batch->nr   = 0;
	batch->max  = MAX_GATHER_BATCH;

	tlb->active->next = batch;
	tlb->active = batch;

	return true;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/**
 * tlb_flush_rmaps - do pending rmap removals after we have flushed the TLB
 * @tlb: the current mmu_gather
 *
 * Note that because of how tlb_next_batch() above works, we will
 * never start new batches with pending delayed rmaps, so we only
 * need to walk through the current active batch.
 */
void tlb_flush_rmaps(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
	struct mmu_gather_batch *batch;

	batch = tlb->active;
	for (int i = 0; i < batch->nr; i++) {
		struct encoded_page *enc = batch->encoded_pages[i];

		if (encoded_page_flags(enc)) {
			struct page *page = encoded_page_ptr(enc);
			page_remove_rmap(page, vma, false);
		}
	}

	tlb->delayed_rmap = 0;
}
#endif

static void tlb_batch_pages_flush(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	struct mmu_gather_batch *batch;

	for (batch = &tlb->local; batch && batch->nr; batch = batch->next) {
		struct encoded_page **pages = batch->encoded_pages;

		do {
			/*
			 * limit free batch count when PAGE_SIZE > 4K
			 */
			unsigned int nr = min(512U, batch->nr);

			free_pages_and_swap_cache(pages, nr);
			pages += nr;
			batch->nr -= nr;

			cond_resched();
		} while (batch->nr);
	}
	tlb->active = &tlb->local;
}

static void tlb_batch_list_free(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	struct mmu_gather_batch *batch, *next;

	for (batch = tlb->local.next; batch; batch = next) {
		next = batch->next;
		free_pages((unsigned long)batch, 0);
	}
	tlb->local.next = NULL;
}

bool __tlb_remove_page_size(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct encoded_page *page, int page_size)
{
	struct mmu_gather_batch *batch;

	VM_BUG_ON(!tlb->end);

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_PAGE_SIZE
	VM_WARN_ON(tlb->page_size != page_size);
#endif

	batch = tlb->active;
	/*
	 * Add the page and check if we are full. If so
	 * force a flush.
	 */
	batch->encoded_pages[batch->nr++] = page;
	if (batch->nr == batch->max) {
		if (!tlb_next_batch(tlb))
			return true;
		batch = tlb->active;
	}
	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(batch->nr > batch->max, encoded_page_ptr(page));

	return false;
}

#endif /* MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER */

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE

static void __tlb_remove_table_free(struct mmu_table_batch *batch)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < batch->nr; i++)
		__tlb_remove_table(batch->tables[i]);

	free_page((unsigned long)batch);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE

/*
 * Semi RCU freeing of the page directories.
 *
 * This is needed by some architectures to implement software pagetable walkers.
 *
 * gup_fast() and other software pagetable walkers do a lockless page-table
 * walk and therefore needs some synchronization with the freeing of the page
 * directories. The chosen means to accomplish that is by disabling IRQs over
 * the walk.
 *
 * Architectures that use IPIs to flush TLBs will then automagically DTRT,
 * since we unlink the page, flush TLBs, free the page. Since the disabling of
 * IRQs delays the completion of the TLB flush we can never observe an already
 * freed page.
 *
 * Architectures that do not have this (PPC) need to delay the freeing by some
 * other means, this is that means.
 *
 * What we do is batch the freed directory pages (tables) and RCU free them.
 * We use the sched RCU variant, as that guarantees that IRQ/preempt disabling
 * holds off grace periods.
 *
 * However, in order to batch these pages we need to allocate storage, this
 * allocation is deep inside the MM code and can thus easily fail on memory
 * pressure. To guarantee progress we fall back to single table freeing, see
 * the implementation of tlb_remove_table_one().
 *
 */

static void tlb_remove_table_smp_sync(void *arg)
{
	/* Simply deliver the interrupt */
}

void tlb_remove_table_sync_one(void)
{
	/*
	 * This isn't an RCU grace period and hence the page-tables cannot be
	 * assumed to be actually RCU-freed.
	 *
	 * It is however sufficient for software page-table walkers that rely on
	 * IRQ disabling.
	 */
	smp_call_function(tlb_remove_table_smp_sync, NULL, 1);
}

static void tlb_remove_table_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
{
	__tlb_remove_table_free(container_of(head, struct mmu_table_batch, rcu));
}

static void tlb_remove_table_free(struct mmu_table_batch *batch)
{
	call_rcu(&batch->rcu, tlb_remove_table_rcu);
}

#else /* !CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE */

static void tlb_remove_table_free(struct mmu_table_batch *batch)
{
	__tlb_remove_table_free(batch);
}

#endif /* CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE */

/*
 * If we want tlb_remove_table() to imply TLB invalidates.
 */
static inline void tlb_table_invalidate(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	if (tlb_needs_table_invalidate()) {
		/*
		 * Invalidate page-table caches used by hardware walkers. Then
		 * we still need to RCU-sched wait while freeing the pages
		 * because software walkers can still be in-flight.
		 */
		tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly(tlb);
	}
}

static void tlb_remove_table_one(void *table)
{
	tlb_remove_table_sync_one();
	__tlb_remove_table(table);
}

static void tlb_table_flush(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	struct mmu_table_batch **batch = &tlb->batch;

	if (*batch) {
		tlb_table_invalidate(tlb);
		tlb_remove_table_free(*batch);
		*batch = NULL;
	}
}

void tlb_remove_table(struct mmu_gather *tlb, void *table)
{
	struct mmu_table_batch **batch = &tlb->batch;

	if (*batch == NULL) {
		*batch = (struct mmu_table_batch *)__get_free_page(GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN);
		if (*batch == NULL) {
			tlb_table_invalidate(tlb);
			tlb_remove_table_one(table);
			return;
		}
		(*batch)->nr = 0;
	}

	(*batch)->tables[(*batch)->nr++] = table;
	if ((*batch)->nr == MAX_TABLE_BATCH)
		tlb_table_flush(tlb);
}

static inline void tlb_table_init(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	tlb->batch = NULL;
}

#else /* !CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE */

static inline void tlb_table_flush(struct mmu_gather *tlb) { }
static inline void tlb_table_init(struct mmu_gather *tlb) { }

#endif /* CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE */

static void tlb_flush_mmu_free(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	tlb_table_flush(tlb);
#ifndef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
	tlb_batch_pages_flush(tlb);
#endif
}

void tlb_flush_mmu(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly(tlb);
	tlb_flush_mmu_free(tlb);
}

static void __tlb_gather_mmu(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct mm_struct *mm,
			     bool fullmm)
{
	/*
	 * struct mmu_gather contains 7 1-bit fields packed into a 32-bit
	 * unsigned int value. The remaining 25 bits remain uninitialized
	 * and are never used, but KMSAN updates the origin for them in
	 * zap_pXX_range() in mm/memory.c, thus creating very long origin
	 * chains. This is technically correct, but consumes too much memory.
	 * Unpoisoning the whole structure will prevent creating such chains.
	 */
	kmsan_unpoison_memory(tlb, sizeof(*tlb));
	tlb->mm = mm;
	tlb->fullmm = fullmm;

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
	tlb->need_flush_all = 0;
	tlb->local.next = NULL;
	tlb->local.nr   = 0;
	tlb->local.max  = ARRAY_SIZE(tlb->__pages);
	tlb->active     = &tlb->local;
	tlb->batch_count = 0;
#endif
	tlb->delayed_rmap = 0;

	tlb_table_init(tlb);
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_PAGE_SIZE
	tlb->page_size = 0;
#endif

	__tlb_reset_range(tlb);
	inc_tlb_flush_pending(tlb->mm);
}

/**
 * tlb_gather_mmu - initialize an mmu_gather structure for page-table tear-down
 * @tlb: the mmu_gather structure to initialize
 * @mm: the mm_struct of the target address space
 *
 * Called to initialize an (on-stack) mmu_gather structure for page-table
 * tear-down from @mm.
 */
void tlb_gather_mmu(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
	__tlb_gather_mmu(tlb, mm, false);
}

/**
 * tlb_gather_mmu_fullmm - initialize an mmu_gather structure for page-table tear-down
 * @tlb: the mmu_gather structure to initialize
 * @mm: the mm_struct of the target address space
 *
 * In this case, @mm is without users and we're going to destroy the
 * full address space (exit/execve).
 *
 * Called to initialize an (on-stack) mmu_gather structure for page-table
 * tear-down from @mm.
 */
void tlb_gather_mmu_fullmm(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
	__tlb_gather_mmu(tlb, mm, true);
}

/**
 * tlb_finish_mmu - finish an mmu_gather structure
 * @tlb: the mmu_gather structure to finish
 *
 * Called at the end of the shootdown operation to free up any resources that
 * were required.
 */
void tlb_finish_mmu(struct mmu_gather *tlb)
{
	/*
	 * If there are parallel threads are doing PTE changes on same range
	 * under non-exclusive lock (e.g., mmap_lock read-side) but defer TLB
	 * flush by batching, one thread may end up seeing inconsistent PTEs
	 * and result in having stale TLB entries.  So flush TLB forcefully
	 * if we detect parallel PTE batching threads.
	 *
	 * However, some syscalls, e.g. munmap(), may free page tables, this
	 * needs force flush everything in the given range. Otherwise this
	 * may result in having stale TLB entries for some architectures,
	 * e.g. aarch64, that could specify flush what level TLB.
	 */
	if (mm_tlb_flush_nested(tlb->mm)) {
		/*
		 * The aarch64 yields better performance with fullmm by
		 * avoiding multiple CPUs spamming TLBI messages at the
		 * same time.
		 *
		 * On x86 non-fullmm doesn't yield significant difference
		 * against fullmm.
		 */
		tlb->fullmm = 1;
		__tlb_reset_range(tlb);
		tlb->freed_tables = 1;
	}

	tlb_flush_mmu(tlb);

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
	tlb_batch_list_free(tlb);
#endif
	dec_tlb_flush_pending(tlb->mm);
}