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13992 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Kirill A. Shutemov
|
ef18a1ca84 |
mm/thp: allow dropping THP from page cache
Once a THP is added to the page cache, it cannot be dropped via
/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches. Fix this issue with proper handling in
invalidate_mapping_pages().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191017164223.2762148-5-songliubraving@fb.com
Fixes:
|
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William Kucharski
|
906d278d75 |
mm/vmscan.c: support removing arbitrary sized pages from mapping
__remove_mapping() assumes that pages can only be either base pages or
HPAGE_PMD_SIZE. Ask the page what size it is.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191017164223.2762148-4-songliubraving@fb.com
Fixes:
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Kirill A. Shutemov
|
06d3eff62d |
mm/thp: fix node page state in split_huge_page_to_list()
Make sure split_huge_page_to_list() handles the state of shmem THP and
file THP properly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191017164223.2762148-3-songliubraving@fb.com
Fixes:
|
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Ben Dooks (Codethink)
|
a2ae8c0551 |
mm/init-mm.c: include <linux/mman.h> for vm_committed_as_batch
mm_init.c needs to include <linux/mman.h> for the definition of vm_committed_as_batch. Fixes the following sparse warning: mm/mm_init.c:141:5: warning: symbol 'vm_committed_as_batch' was not declared. Should it be static? Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191016091509.26708-1-ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ben Dooks
|
d0e6a5821c |
mm/filemap.c: include <linux/ramfs.h> for generic_file_vm_ops definition
The generic_file_vm_ops is defined in <linux/ramfs.h> so include it to fix the following warning: mm/filemap.c:2717:35: warning: symbol 'generic_file_vm_ops' was not declared. Should it be static? Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191008102311.25432-1-ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ben Dooks
|
444f84fd2a |
mm: include <linux/huge_mm.h> for is_vma_temporary_stack
Include <linux/huge_mm.h> for the definition of is_vma_temporary_stack to fix the following sparse warning: mm/rmap.c:1673:6: warning: symbol 'is_vma_temporary_stack' was not declared. Should it be static? Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191009151155.27763-1-ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk> Reviewed-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Konstantin Khlebnikov
|
ae8af4388d |
mm/memcontrol: update lruvec counters in mem_cgroup_move_account
Mapped, dirty and writeback pages are also counted in per-lruvec stats.
These counters needs update when page is moved between cgroups.
Currently is nobody *consuming* the lruvec versions of these counters and
that there is no user-visible effect.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157112699975.7360.1062614888388489788.stgit@buzz
Fixes:
|
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David Hildenbrand
|
f231fe4235 |
hugetlbfs: don't access uninitialized memmaps in pfn_range_valid_gigantic()
Uninitialized memmaps contain garbage and in the worst case trigger kernel BUGs, especially with CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING. They should not get touched. Let's make sure that we only consider online memory (managed by the buddy) that has initialized memmaps. ZONE_DEVICE is not applicable. page_zone() will call page_to_nid(), which will trigger VM_BUG_ON_PGFLAGS(PagePoisoned(page), page) with CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING and CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_PGFLAGS when called on uninitialized memmaps. This can be the case when an offline memory block (e.g., never onlined) is spanned by a zone. Note: As explained by Michal in [1], alloc_contig_range() will verify the range. So it boils down to the wrong access in this function. [1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180423000943.GO17484@dhcp22.suse.cz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191015120717.4858-1-david@redhat.com Fixes: |
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Mike Rapoport
|
f3057ad767 |
mm: memblock: do not enforce current limit for memblock_phys* family
Until commit |
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Honglei Wang
|
b11edebbc9 |
mm: memcg: get number of pages on the LRU list in memcgroup base on lru_zone_size
Commit |
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John Hubbard
|
0cd22afdce |
mm/gup: fix a misnamed "write" argument, and a related bug
In several routines, the "flags" argument is incorrectly named "write".
Change it to "flags".
Also, in one place, the misnaming led to an actual bug:
"flags & FOLL_WRITE" is required, rather than just "flags".
(That problem was flagged by krobot, in v1 of this patch.)
Also, change the flags argument from int, to unsigned int.
You can see that this was a simple oversight, because the
calling code passes "flags" to the fifth argument:
gup_pgd_range():
...
if (!gup_huge_pd(__hugepd(pgd_val(pgd)), addr,
PGDIR_SHIFT, next, flags, pages, nr))
...which, until this patch, the callees referred to as "write".
Also, change two lines to avoid checkpatch line length
complaints, and another line to fix another oversight
that checkpatch called out: missing "int" on pdshift.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191014184639.1512873-3-jhubbard@nvidia.com
Fixes:
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Roman Gushchin
|
b749ecfaf6 |
mm: memcg/slab: fix panic in __free_slab() caused by premature memcg pointer release
Karsten reported the following panic in __free_slab() happening on a s390x
machine:
Unable to handle kernel pointer dereference in virtual kernel address space
Failing address: 0000000000000000 TEID: 0000000000000483
Fault in home space mode while using kernel ASCE.
AS:00000000017d4007 R3:000000007fbd0007 S:000000007fbff000 P:000000000000003d
Oops: 0004 ilc:3 Ý#1¨ PREEMPT SMP
Modules linked in: tcp_diag inet_diag xt_tcpudp ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6 ipt_REJECT nf_reject_ipv4 xt_conntrack ip6table_nat ip6table_mangle ip6table_raw ip6table_security iptable_at nf_nat
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.3.0-05872-g6133e3e4bada-dirty #14
Hardware name: IBM 2964 NC9 702 (z/VM 6.4.0)
Krnl PSW : 0704d00180000000 00000000003cadb6 (__free_slab+0x686/0x6b0)
R:0 T:1 IO:1 EX:1 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:1 PM:0 RI:0 EA:3
Krnl GPRS: 00000000f3a32928 0000000000000000 000000007fbf5d00 000000000117c4b8
0000000000000000 000000009e3291c1 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
0000000000000003 0000000000000008 000000002b478b00 000003d080a97600
0000000000000003 0000000000000008 000000002b478b00 000003d080a97600
000000000117ba00 000003e000057db0 00000000003cabcc 000003e000057c78
Krnl Code: 00000000003cada6: e310a1400004 lg %r1,320(%r10)
00000000003cadac: c0e50046c286 brasl %r14,ca32b8
#00000000003cadb2: a7f4fe36 brc 15,3caa1e
>00000000003cadb6: e32060800024 stg %r2,128(%r6)
00000000003cadbc: a7f4fd9e brc 15,3ca8f8
00000000003cadc0: c0e50046790c brasl %r14,c99fd8
00000000003cadc6: a7f4fe2c brc 15,3caa
00000000003cadc6: a7f4fe2c brc 15,3caa1e
00000000003cadca: ecb1ffff00d9 aghik %r11,%r1,-1
Call Trace:
(<00000000003cabcc> __free_slab+0x49c/0x6b0)
<00000000001f5886> rcu_core+0x5a6/0x7e0
<0000000000ca2dea> __do_softirq+0xf2/0x5c0
<0000000000152644> irq_exit+0x104/0x130
<000000000010d222> do_IRQ+0x9a/0xf0
<0000000000ca2344> ext_int_handler+0x130/0x134
<0000000000103648> enabled_wait+0x58/0x128
(<0000000000103634> enabled_wait+0x44/0x128)
<0000000000103b00> arch_cpu_idle+0x40/0x58
<0000000000ca0544> default_idle_call+0x3c/0x68
<000000000018eaa4> do_idle+0xec/0x1c0
<000000000018ee0e> cpu_startup_entry+0x36/0x40
<000000000122df34> arch_call_rest_init+0x5c/0x88
<0000000000000000> 0x0
INFO: lockdep is turned off.
Last Breaking-Event-Address:
<00000000003ca8f4> __free_slab+0x1c4/0x6b0
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt
The kernel panics on an attempt to dereference the NULL memcg pointer.
When shutdown_cache() is called from the kmem_cache_destroy() context, a
memcg kmem_cache might have empty slab pages in a partial list, which are
still charged to the memory cgroup.
These pages are released by free_partial() at the beginning of
shutdown_cache(): either directly or by scheduling a RCU-delayed work
(if the kmem_cache has the SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU flag). The latter case
is when the reported panic can happen: memcg_unlink_cache() is called
immediately after shrinking partial lists, without waiting for scheduled
RCU works. It sets the kmem_cache->memcg_params.memcg pointer to NULL,
and the following attempt to dereference it by __free_slab() from the
RCU work context causes the panic.
To fix the issue, let's postpone the release of the memcg pointer to
destroy_memcg_params(). It's called from a separate work context by
slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn(), which contains a full RCU barrier.
This guarantees that all scheduled page release RCU works will complete
before the memcg pointer will be zeroed.
Big thanks for Karsten for the perfect report containing all necessary
information, his help with the analysis of the problem and testing of the
fix.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191010160549.1584316-1-guro@fb.com
Fixes:
|
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Aneesh Kumar K.V
|
77e080e768 |
mm/memunmap: don't access uninitialized memmap in memunmap_pages()
Patch series "mm/memory_hotplug: Shrink zones before removing memory",
v6.
This series fixes the access of uninitialized memmaps when shrinking
zones/nodes and when removing memory. Also, it contains all fixes for
crashes that can be triggered when removing certain namespace using
memunmap_pages() - ZONE_DEVICE, reported by Aneesh.
We stop trying to shrink ZONE_DEVICE, as it's buggy, fixing it would be
more involved (we don't have SECTION_IS_ONLINE as an indicator), and
shrinking is only of limited use (set_zone_contiguous() cannot detect
the ZONE_DEVICE as contiguous).
We continue shrinking !ZONE_DEVICE zones, however, I reduced the amount
of code to a minimum. Shrinking is especially necessary to keep
zone->contiguous set where possible, especially, on memory unplug of
DIMMs at zone boundaries.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zones are now properly shrunk when offlining memory blocks or when
onlining failed. This allows to properly shrink zones on memory unplug
even if the separate memory blocks of a DIMM were onlined to different
zones or re-onlined to a different zone after offlining.
Example:
:/# cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 1, zone Movable
spanned 0
present 0
managed 0
:/# echo "online_movable" > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory41/state
:/# echo "online_movable" > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory43/state
:/# cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 1, zone Movable
spanned 98304
present 65536
managed 65536
:/# echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory43/online
:/# cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 1, zone Movable
spanned 32768
present 32768
managed 32768
:/# echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory41/online
:/# cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 1, zone Movable
spanned 0
present 0
managed 0
This patch (of 10):
With an altmap, the memmap falling into the reserved altmap space are not
initialized and, therefore, contain a garbage NID and a garbage zone.
Make sure to read the NID/zone from a memmap that was initialized.
This fixes a kernel crash that is observed when destroying a namespace:
kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:1107!
cpu 0x1: Vector: 700 (Program Check) at [c000000274087890]
pc: c0000000004b9728: memunmap_pages+0x238/0x340
lr: c0000000004b9724: memunmap_pages+0x234/0x340
...
pid = 3669, comm = ndctl
kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:1107!
devm_action_release+0x30/0x50
release_nodes+0x268/0x2d0
device_release_driver_internal+0x174/0x240
unbind_store+0x13c/0x190
drv_attr_store+0x44/0x60
sysfs_kf_write+0x70/0xa0
kernfs_fop_write+0x1ac/0x290
__vfs_write+0x3c/0x70
vfs_write+0xe4/0x200
ksys_write+0x7c/0x140
system_call+0x5c/0x68
The "page_zone(pfn_to_page(pfn)" was introduced by
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David Hildenbrand
|
00d6c019b5 |
mm/memory_hotplug: don't access uninitialized memmaps in shrink_pgdat_span()
We might use the nid of memmaps that were never initialized. For example, if the memmap was poisoned, we will crash the kernel in pfn_to_nid() right now. Let's use the calculated boundaries of the separate zones instead. This now also avoids having to iterate over a whole bunch of subsections again, after shrinking one zone. Before commit |
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Qian Cai
|
a26ee565b6 |
mm/page_owner: don't access uninitialized memmaps when reading /proc/pagetypeinfo
Uninitialized memmaps contain garbage and in the worst case trigger kernel BUGs, especially with CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING. They should not get touched. For example, when not onlining a memory block that is spanned by a zone and reading /proc/pagetypeinfo with CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_PGFLAGS and CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING, we can trigger a kernel BUG: :/# echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory40/online :/# echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory42/online :/# cat /proc/pagetypeinfo > test.file page:fffff2c585200000 is uninitialized and poisoned raw: ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff raw: ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(p)) There is not page extension available. ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:1107! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI Please note that this change does not affect ZONE_DEVICE, because pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount_print() is called from mm/vmstat.c:pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount() only for populated zones, and ZONE_DEVICE is never populated (zone->present_pages always 0). [david@redhat.com: move check to outer loop, add comment, rephrase description] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191011140638.8160-1-david@redhat.com Fixes: |
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David Hildenbrand
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96c804a6ae |
mm/memory-failure.c: don't access uninitialized memmaps in memory_failure()
We should check for pfn_to_online_page() to not access uninitialized memmaps. Reshuffle the code so we don't have to duplicate the error message. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191009142435.3975-3-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Fixes: |
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Jane Chu
|
3d7fed4ad8 |
mm/memory-failure: poison read receives SIGKILL instead of SIGBUS if mmaped more than once
Mmap /dev/dax more than once, then read the poison location using
address from one of the mappings. The other mappings due to not having
the page mapped in will cause SIGKILLs delivered to the process.
SIGKILL succeeds over SIGBUS, so user process loses the opportunity to
handle the UE.
Although one may add MAP_POPULATE to mmap(2) to work around the issue,
MAP_POPULATE makes mapping 128GB of pmem several magnitudes slower, so
isn't always an option.
Details -
ndctl inject-error --block=10 --count=1 namespace6.0
./read_poison -x dax6.0 -o 5120 -m 2
mmaped address 0x7f5bb6600000
mmaped address 0x7f3cf3600000
doing local read at address 0x7f3cf3601400
Killed
Console messages in instrumented kernel -
mce: Uncorrected hardware memory error in user-access at edbe201400
Memory failure: tk->addr = 7f5bb6601000
Memory failure: address edbe201: call dev_pagemap_mapping_shift
dev_pagemap_mapping_shift: page edbe201: no PUD
Memory failure: tk->size_shift == 0
Memory failure: Unable to find user space address edbe201 in read_poison
Memory failure: tk->addr = 7f3cf3601000
Memory failure: address edbe201: call dev_pagemap_mapping_shift
Memory failure: tk->size_shift = 21
Memory failure: 0xedbe201: forcibly killing read_poison:22434 because of failure to unmap corrupted page
=> to deliver SIGKILL
Memory failure: 0xedbe201: Killing read_poison:22434 due to hardware memory corruption
=> to deliver SIGBUS
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1565112345-28754-3-git-send-email-jane.chu@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Suggested-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
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Randy Dunlap
|
87bf4f71af |
mm/slab.c: fix kernel-doc warning for __ksize()
Fix kernel-doc warning in mm/slab.c:
mm/slab.c:4215: warning: Function parameter or member 'objp' not described in '__ksize'
Also add Return: documentation section for this function.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/68c9fd7d-f09e-d376-e292-c7b2bdf1774d@infradead.org
Fixes:
|
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Vlastimil Babka
|
a2e9a5afce |
mm, compaction: fix wrong pfn handling in __reset_isolation_pfn()
Florian and Dave reported [1] a NULL pointer dereference in
__reset_isolation_pfn(). While the exact cause is unclear, staring at
the code revealed two bugs, which might be related.
One bug is that if zone starts in the middle of pageblock, block_page
might correspond to different pfn than block_pfn, and then the
pfn_valid_within() checks will check different pfn's than those accessed
via struct page. This might result in acessing an unitialized page in
CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE configs.
The other bug is that end_page refers to the first page of next
pageblock and not last page of current pageblock. The online and valid
check is then wrong and with sections, the while (page < end_page) loop
might wander off actual struct page arrays.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-xfs/87o8z1fvqu.fsf@mid.deneb.enyo.de/
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191008152915.24704-1-vbabka@suse.cz
Fixes:
|
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David Rientjes
|
3f36d86694 |
mm, hugetlb: allow hugepage allocations to reclaim as needed
Commit |
||
Alexander Potapenko
|
0f181f9fbe |
mm/slub.c: init_on_free=1 should wipe freelist ptr for bulk allocations
slab_alloc_node() already zeroed out the freelist pointer if
init_on_free was on. Thibaut Sautereau noticed that the same needs to
be done for kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(), which performs the allocations
separately.
kmem_cache_alloc_bulk() is currently used in two places in the kernel,
so this change is unlikely to have a major performance impact.
SLAB doesn't require a similar change, as auto-initialization makes the
allocator store the freelist pointers off-slab.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191007091605.30530-1-glider@google.com
Fixes:
|
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|
Qian Cai
|
e4f8e513c3 |
mm/slub: fix a deadlock in show_slab_objects()
A long time ago we fixed a similar deadlock in show_slab_objects() [1]. However, it is apparently due to the commits like |
||
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Vlastimil Babka
|
fdf3bf8091 |
mm, page_owner: rename flag indicating that page is allocated
Commit
|
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|
Vlastimil Babka
|
0fe9a448a0 |
mm, page_owner: decouple freeing stack trace from debug_pagealloc
Commit
|
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|
Vlastimil Babka
|
5556cfe8d9 |
mm, page_owner: fix off-by-one error in __set_page_owner_handle()
Patch series "followups to debug_pagealloc improvements through page_owner", v3. These are followups to [1] which made it to Linus meanwhile. Patches 1 and 3 are based on Kirill's review, patch 2 on KASAN request [2]. It would be nice if all of this made it to 5.4 with [1] already there (or at least Patch 1). This patch (of 3): As noted by Kirill, commit |
||
Catalin Marinas
|
2abd839aa7 |
kmemleak: Do not corrupt the object_list during clean-up
In case of an error (e.g. memory pool too small), kmemleak disables
itself and cleans up the already allocated metadata objects. However, if
this happens early before the RCU callback mechanism is available,
put_object() skips call_rcu() and frees the object directly. This is not
safe with the RCU list traversal in __kmemleak_do_cleanup().
Change the list traversal in __kmemleak_do_cleanup() to
list_for_each_entry_safe() and remove the rcu_read_{lock,unlock} since
the kmemleak is already disabled at this point. In addition, avoid an
unnecessary metadata object rb-tree look-up since it already has the
struct kmemleak_object pointer.
Fixes:
|
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Linus Torvalds
|
297cbcccc2 |
for-linus-20191010
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||
|
Linus Torvalds
|
015c21ba59 |
Merge branch 'work.mount3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull mount fixes from Al Viro: "A couple of regressions from the mount series" * 'work.mount3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: vfs: add missing blkdev_put() in get_tree_bdev() shmem: fix LSM options parsing |
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Al Viro
|
33f37c6488 |
shmem: fix LSM options parsing
->parse_monolithic() there forgets to call security_sb_eat_lsm_opts() Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> |
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|
Vlastimil Babka
|
59bb47985c |
mm, sl[aou]b: guarantee natural alignment for kmalloc(power-of-two)
In most configurations, kmalloc() happens to return naturally aligned (i.e. aligned to the block size itself) blocks for power of two sizes. That means some kmalloc() users might unknowingly rely on that alignment, until stuff breaks when the kernel is built with e.g. CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG or CONFIG_SLOB, and blocks stop being aligned. Then developers have to devise workaround such as own kmem caches with specified alignment [1], which is not always practical, as recently evidenced in [2]. The topic has been discussed at LSF/MM 2019 [3]. Adding a 'kmalloc_aligned()' variant would not help with code unknowingly relying on the implicit alignment. For slab implementations it would either require creating more kmalloc caches, or allocate a larger size and only give back part of it. That would be wasteful, especially with a generic alignment parameter (in contrast with a fixed alignment to size). Ideally we should provide to mm users what they need without difficult workarounds or own reimplementations, so let's make the kmalloc() alignment to size explicitly guaranteed for power-of-two sizes under all configurations. What this means for the three available allocators? * SLAB object layout happens to be mostly unchanged by the patch. The implicitly provided alignment could be compromised with CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB due to redzoning, however SLAB disables redzoning for caches with alignment larger than unsigned long long. Practically on at least x86 this includes kmalloc caches as they use cache line alignment, which is larger than that. Still, this patch ensures alignment on all arches and cache sizes. * SLUB layout is also unchanged unless redzoning is enabled through CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG and boot parameter for the particular kmalloc cache. With this patch, explicit alignment is guaranteed with redzoning as well. This will result in more memory being wasted, but that should be acceptable in a debugging scenario. * SLOB has no implicit alignment so this patch adds it explicitly for kmalloc(). The potential downside is increased fragmentation. While pathological allocation scenarios are certainly possible, in my testing, after booting a x86_64 kernel+userspace with virtme, around 16MB memory was consumed by slab pages both before and after the patch, with difference in the noise. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-btrfs/c3157c8e8e0e7588312b40c853f65c02fe6c957a.1566399731.git.christophe.leroy@c-s.fr/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/20190225040904.5557-1-ming.lei@redhat.com/ [3] https://lwn.net/Articles/787740/ [akpm@linux-foundation.org: documentation fixlet, per Matthew] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190826111627.7505-3-vbabka@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: "Darrick J . Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Vlastimil Babka
|
6a486c0ad4 |
mm, sl[ou]b: improve memory accounting
Patch series "guarantee natural alignment for kmalloc()", v2. This patch (of 2): SLOB currently doesn't account its pages at all, so in /proc/meminfo the Slab field shows zero. Modifying a counter on page allocation and freeing should be acceptable even for the small system scenarios SLOB is intended for. Since reclaimable caches are not separated in SLOB, account everything as unreclaimable. SLUB currently doesn't account kmalloc() and kmalloc_node() allocations larger than order-1 page, that are passed directly to the page allocator. As they also don't appear in /proc/slabinfo, it might look like a memory leak. For consistency, account them as well. (SLAB doesn't actually use page allocator directly, so no change there). Ideally SLOB and SLUB would be handled in separate patches, but due to the shared kmalloc_order() function and different kfree() implementations, it's easier to patch both at once to prevent inconsistencies. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190826111627.7505-2-vbabka@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: "Darrick J . Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Chris Down
|
1bc63fb127 |
mm, memcg: make scan aggression always exclude protection
This patch is an incremental improvement on the existing
memory.{low,min} relative reclaim work to base its scan pressure
calculations on how much protection is available compared to the current
usage, rather than how much the current usage is over some protection
threshold.
This change doesn't change the experience for the user in the normal
case too much. One benefit is that it replaces the (somewhat arbitrary)
100% cutoff with an indefinite slope, which makes it easier to ballpark
a memory.low value.
As well as this, the old methodology doesn't quite apply generically to
machines with varying amounts of physical memory. Let's say we have a
top level cgroup, workload.slice, and another top level cgroup,
system-management.slice. We want to roughly give 12G to
system-management.slice, so on a 32GB machine we set memory.low to 20GB
in workload.slice, and on a 64GB machine we set memory.low to 52GB.
However, because these are relative amounts to the total machine size,
while the amount of memory we want to generally be willing to yield to
system.slice is absolute (12G), we end up putting more pressure on
system.slice just because we have a larger machine and a larger workload
to fill it, which seems fairly unintuitive. With this new behaviour, we
don't end up with this unintended side effect.
Previously the way that memory.low protection works is that if you are
50% over a certain baseline, you get 50% of your normal scan pressure.
This is certainly better than the previous cliff-edge behaviour, but it
can be improved even further by always considering memory under the
currently enforced protection threshold to be out of bounds. This means
that we can set relatively low memory.low thresholds for variable or
bursty workloads while still getting a reasonable level of protection,
whereas with the previous version we may still trivially hit the 100%
clamp. The previous 100% clamp is also somewhat arbitrary, whereas this
one is more concretely based on the currently enforced protection
threshold, which is likely easier to reason about.
There is also a subtle issue with the way that proportional reclaim
worked previously -- it promotes having no memory.low, since it makes
pressure higher during low reclaim. This happens because we base our
scan pressure modulation on how far memory.current is between memory.min
and memory.low, but if memory.low is unset, we only use the overage
method. In most cromulent configurations, this then means that we end
up with *more* pressure than with no memory.low at all when we're in low
reclaim, which is not really very usable or expected.
With this patch, memory.low and memory.min affect reclaim pressure in a
more understandable and composable way. For example, from a user
standpoint, "protected" memory now remains untouchable from a reclaim
aggression standpoint, and users can also have more confidence that
bursty workloads will still receive some amount of guaranteed
protection.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190322160307.GA3316@chrisdown.name
Signed-off-by: Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
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|
Chris Down
|
9de7ca46ad |
mm, memcg: make memory.emin the baseline for utilisation determination
Roman points out that when when we do the low reclaim pass, we scale the reclaim pressure relative to position between 0 and the maximum protection threshold. However, if the maximum protection is based on memory.elow, and memory.emin is above zero, this means we still may get binary behaviour on second-pass low reclaim. This is because we scale starting at 0, not starting at memory.emin, and since we don't scan at all below emin, we end up with cliff behaviour. This should be a fairly uncommon case since usually we don't go into the second pass, but it makes sense to scale our low reclaim pressure starting at emin. You can test this by catting two large sparse files, one in a cgroup with emin set to some moderate size compared to physical RAM, and another cgroup without any emin. In both cgroups, set an elow larger than 50% of physical RAM. The one with emin will have less page scanning, as reclaim pressure is lower. Rebase on top of and apply the same idea as what was applied to handle cgroup_memory=disable properly for the original proportional patch http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190201045711.GA18302@chrisdown.name ("mm, memcg: Handle cgroup_disable=memory when getting memcg protection"). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190201051810.GA18895@chrisdown.name Signed-off-by: Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name> Suggested-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Chris Down
|
9783aa9917 |
mm, memcg: proportional memory.{low,min} reclaim
cgroup v2 introduces two memory protection thresholds: memory.low (best-effort) and memory.min (hard protection). While they generally do what they say on the tin, there is a limitation in their implementation that makes them difficult to use effectively: that cliff behaviour often manifests when they become eligible for reclaim. This patch implements more intuitive and usable behaviour, where we gradually mount more reclaim pressure as cgroups further and further exceed their protection thresholds. This cliff edge behaviour happens because we only choose whether or not to reclaim based on whether the memcg is within its protection limits (see the use of mem_cgroup_protected in shrink_node), but we don't vary our reclaim behaviour based on this information. Imagine the following timeline, with the numbers the lruvec size in this zone: 1. memory.low=1000000, memory.current=999999. 0 pages may be scanned. 2. memory.low=1000000, memory.current=1000000. 0 pages may be scanned. 3. memory.low=1000000, memory.current=1000001. 1000001* pages may be scanned. (?!) * Of course, we won't usually scan all available pages in the zone even without this patch because of scan control priority, over-reclaim protection, etc. However, as shown by the tests at the end, these techniques don't sufficiently throttle such an extreme change in input, so cliff-like behaviour isn't really averted by their existence alone. Here's an example of how this plays out in practice. At Facebook, we are trying to protect various workloads from "system" software, like configuration management tools, metric collectors, etc (see this[0] case study). In order to find a suitable memory.low value, we start by determining the expected memory range within which the workload will be comfortable operating. This isn't an exact science -- memory usage deemed "comfortable" will vary over time due to user behaviour, differences in composition of work, etc, etc. As such we need to ballpark memory.low, but doing this is currently problematic: 1. If we end up setting it too low for the workload, it won't have *any* effect (see discussion above). The group will receive the full weight of reclaim and won't have any priority while competing with the less important system software, as if we had no memory.low configured at all. 2. Because of this behaviour, we end up erring on the side of setting it too high, such that the comfort range is reliably covered. However, protected memory is completely unavailable to the rest of the system, so we might cause undue memory and IO pressure there when we *know* we have some elasticity in the workload. 3. Even if we get the value totally right, smack in the middle of the comfort zone, we get extreme jumps between no pressure and full pressure that cause unpredictable pressure spikes in the workload due to the current binary reclaim behaviour. With this patch, we can set it to our ballpark estimation without too much worry. Any undesirable behaviour, such as too much or too little reclaim pressure on the workload or system will be proportional to how far our estimation is off. This means we can set memory.low much more conservatively and thus waste less resources *without* the risk of the workload falling off a cliff if we overshoot. As a more abstract technical description, this unintuitive behaviour results in having to give high-priority workloads a large protection buffer on top of their expected usage to function reliably, as otherwise we have abrupt periods of dramatically increased memory pressure which hamper performance. Having to set these thresholds so high wastes resources and generally works against the principle of work conservation. In addition, having proportional memory reclaim behaviour has other benefits. Most notably, before this patch it's basically mandatory to set memory.low to a higher than desirable value because otherwise as soon as you exceed memory.low, all protection is lost, and all pages are eligible to scan again. By contrast, having a gradual ramp in reclaim pressure means that you now still get some protection when thresholds are exceeded, which means that one can now be more comfortable setting memory.low to lower values without worrying that all protection will be lost. This is important because workingset size is really hard to know exactly, especially with variable workloads, so at least getting *some* protection if your workingset size grows larger than you expect increases user confidence in setting memory.low without a huge buffer on top being needed. Thanks a lot to Johannes Weiner and Tejun Heo for their advice and assistance in thinking about how to make this work better. In testing these changes, I intended to verify that: 1. Changes in page scanning become gradual and proportional instead of binary. To test this, I experimented stepping further and further down memory.low protection on a workload that floats around 19G workingset when under memory.low protection, watching page scan rates for the workload cgroup: +------------+-----------------+--------------------+--------------+ | memory.low | test (pgscan/s) | control (pgscan/s) | % of control | +------------+-----------------+--------------------+--------------+ | 21G | 0 | 0 | N/A | | 17G | 867 | 3799 | 23% | | 12G | 1203 | 3543 | 34% | | 8G | 2534 | 3979 | 64% | | 4G | 3980 | 4147 | 96% | | 0 | 3799 | 3980 | 95% | +------------+-----------------+--------------------+--------------+ As you can see, the test kernel (with a kernel containing this patch) ramps up page scanning significantly more gradually than the control kernel (without this patch). 2. More gradual ramp up in reclaim aggression doesn't result in premature OOMs. To test this, I wrote a script that slowly increments the number of pages held by stress(1)'s --vm-keep mode until a production system entered severe overall memory contention. This script runs in a highly protected slice taking up the majority of available system memory. Watching vmstat revealed that page scanning continued essentially nominally between test and control, without causing forward reclaim progress to become arrested. [0]: https://facebookmicrosites.github.io/cgroup2/docs/overview.html#case-study-the-fbtax2-project [akpm@linux-foundation.org: reflow block comments to fit in 80 cols] [chris@chrisdown.name: handle cgroup_disable=memory when getting memcg protection] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190201045711.GA18302@chrisdown.name Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190124014455.GA6396@chrisdown.name Signed-off-by: Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Dan Carpenter
|
518a867130 |
mm/vmpressure.c: fix a signedness bug in vmpressure_register_event()
The "mode" and "level" variables are enums and in this context GCC will
treat them as unsigned ints so the error handling is never triggered.
I also removed the bogus initializer because it isn't required any more
and it's sort of confusing.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: reduce implicit and explicit typecasting]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix return value, add comment, per Matthew]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190925110449.GO3264@mwanda
Fixes:
|
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|
Qian Cai
|
234fdce892 |
mm/page_alloc.c: fix a crash in free_pages_prepare()
On architectures like s390, arch_free_page() could mark the page unused
(set_page_unused()) and any access later would trigger a kernel panic.
Fix it by moving arch_free_page() after all possible accessing calls.
Hardware name: IBM 2964 N96 400 (z/VM 6.4.0)
Krnl PSW : 0404e00180000000 0000000026c2b96e (__free_pages_ok+0x34e/0x5d8)
R:0 T:1 IO:0 EX:0 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:2 PM:0 RI:0 EA:3
Krnl GPRS: 0000000088d43af7 0000000000484000 000000000000007c 000000000000000f
000003d080012100 000003d080013fc0 0000000000000000 0000000000100000
00000000275cca48 0000000000000100 0000000000000008 000003d080010000
00000000000001d0 000003d000000000 0000000026c2b78a 000000002717fdb0
Krnl Code: 0000000026c2b95c: ec1100b30659 risbgn %r1,%r1,0,179,6
0000000026c2b962: e32014000036 pfd 2,1024(%r1)
#0000000026c2b968: d7ff10001000 xc 0(256,%r1),0(%r1)
>0000000026c2b96e: 41101100 la %r1,256(%r1)
0000000026c2b972: a737fff8 brctg %r3,26c2b962
0000000026c2b976: d7ff10001000 xc 0(256,%r1),0(%r1)
0000000026c2b97c: e31003400004 lg %r1,832
0000000026c2b982: ebff1430016a asi 5168(%r1),-1
Call Trace:
__free_pages_ok+0x16a/0x5d8)
memblock_free_all+0x206/0x290
mem_init+0x58/0x120
start_kernel+0x2b0/0x570
startup_continue+0x6a/0xc0
INFO: lockdep is turned off.
Last Breaking-Event-Address:
__free_pages_ok+0x372/0x5d8
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops
00: HCPGIR450W CP entered; disabled wait PSW 00020001 80000000 00000000 26A2379C
In the past, only kernel_poison_pages() would trigger this but it needs
"page_poison=on" kernel cmdline, and I suspect nobody tested that on
s390. Recently, kernel_init_free_pages() (commit
|
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Vitaly Wool
|
5b6807de11 |
mm/z3fold.c: claim page in the beginning of free
There's a really hard to reproduce race in z3fold between z3fold_free() and z3fold_reclaim_page(). z3fold_reclaim_page() can claim the page after z3fold_free() has checked if the page was claimed and z3fold_free() will then schedule this page for compaction which may in turn lead to random page faults (since that page would have been reclaimed by then). Fix that by claiming page in the beginning of z3fold_free() and not forgetting to clear the claim in the end. [vitalywool@gmail.com: v2] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190928113456.152742cf@bigdell Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190926104844.4f0c6efa1366b8f5741eaba9@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Reported-by: Markus Linnala <markus.linnala@gmail.com> Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Henry Burns <henrywolfeburns@gmail.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Markus Linnala <markus.linnala@gmail.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Yi Wang
|
758b8db4a5 |
mm: fix -Wmissing-prototypes warnings
We get two warnings when build kernel W=1: mm/shuffle.c:36:12: warning: no previous prototype for `shuffle_show' [-Wmissing-prototypes] mm/sparse.c:220:6: warning: no previous prototype for `subsection_mask_set' [-Wmissing-prototypes] Make the functions static to fix this. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1566978161-7293-1-git-send-email-wang.yi59@zte.com.cn Signed-off-by: Yi Wang <wang.yi59@zte.com.cn> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Anshuman Khandual
|
6d0e984941 |
mm/memremap: drop unused SECTION_SIZE and SECTION_MASK
SECTION_SIZE and SECTION_MASK macros are not getting used anymore. But they do conflict with existing definitions on arm64 platform causing following warning during build. Lets drop these unused macros. mm/memremap.c:16: warning: "SECTION_MASK" redefined #define SECTION_MASK ~((1UL << PA_SECTION_SHIFT) - 1) arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable-hwdef.h:79: note: this is the location of the previous definition #define SECTION_MASK (~(SECTION_SIZE-1)) mm/memremap.c:17: warning: "SECTION_SIZE" redefined #define SECTION_SIZE (1UL << PA_SECTION_SHIFT) arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable-hwdef.h:78: note: this is the location of the previous definition #define SECTION_SIZE (_AC(1, UL) << SECTION_SHIFT) Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1569312010-31313-1-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com> Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Mika Westerberg
|
a2b90f1121 |
bdi: Do not use freezable workqueue
A removable block device, such as NVMe or SSD connected over Thunderbolt can be hot-removed any time including when the system is suspended. When device is hot-removed during suspend and the system gets resumed, kernel first resumes devices and then thaws the userspace including freezable workqueues. What happens in that case is that the NVMe driver notices that the device is unplugged and removes it from the system. This ends up calling bdi_unregister() for the gendisk which then schedules wb_workfn() to be run one more time. However, since the bdi_wq is still frozen flush_delayed_work() call in wb_shutdown() blocks forever halting system resume process. User sees this as hang as nothing is happening anymore. Triggering sysrq-w reveals this: Workqueue: nvme-wq nvme_remove_dead_ctrl_work [nvme] Call Trace: ? __schedule+0x2c5/0x630 ? wait_for_completion+0xa4/0x120 schedule+0x3e/0xc0 schedule_timeout+0x1c9/0x320 ? resched_curr+0x1f/0xd0 ? wait_for_completion+0xa4/0x120 wait_for_completion+0xc3/0x120 ? wake_up_q+0x60/0x60 __flush_work+0x131/0x1e0 ? flush_workqueue_prep_pwqs+0x130/0x130 bdi_unregister+0xb9/0x130 del_gendisk+0x2d2/0x2e0 nvme_ns_remove+0xed/0x110 [nvme_core] nvme_remove_namespaces+0x96/0xd0 [nvme_core] nvme_remove+0x5b/0x160 [nvme] pci_device_remove+0x36/0x90 device_release_driver_internal+0xdf/0x1c0 nvme_remove_dead_ctrl_work+0x14/0x30 [nvme] process_one_work+0x1c2/0x3f0 worker_thread+0x48/0x3e0 kthread+0x100/0x140 ? current_work+0x30/0x30 ? kthread_park+0x80/0x80 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40 This is not limited to NVMes so exactly same issue can be reproduced by hot-removing SSD (over Thunderbolt) while the system is suspended. Prevent this from happening by removing WQ_FREEZABLE from bdi_wq. Reported-by: AceLan Kao <acelan.kao@canonical.com> Link: https://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=138695698516487 Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=204385 Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191002122136.GD2819@lahna.fi.intel.com/#t Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> |
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|
Linus Torvalds
|
edf445ad7c |
Merge branch 'hugepage-fallbacks' (hugepatch patches from David Rientjes)
Merge hugepage allocation updates from David Rientjes:
"We (mostly Linus, Andrea, and myself) have been discussing offlist how
to implement a sane default allocation strategy for hugepages on NUMA
platforms.
With these reverts in place, the page allocator will happily allocate
a remote hugepage immediately rather than try to make a local hugepage
available. This incurs a substantial performance degradation when
memory compaction would have otherwise made a local hugepage
available.
This series reverts those reverts and attempts to propose a more sane
default allocation strategy specifically for hugepages. Andrea
acknowledges this is likely to fix the swap storms that he originally
reported that resulted in the patches that removed __GFP_THISNODE from
hugepage allocations.
The immediate goal is to return 5.3 to the behavior the kernel has
implemented over the past several years so that remote hugepages are
not immediately allocated when local hugepages could have been made
available because the increased access latency is untenable.
The next goal is to introduce a sane default allocation strategy for
hugepages allocations in general regardless of the configuration of
the system so that we prevent thrashing of local memory when
compaction is unlikely to succeed and can prefer remote hugepages over
remote native pages when the local node is low on memory."
Note on timing: this reverts the hugepage VM behavior changes that got
introduced fairly late in the 5.3 cycle, and that fixed a huge
performance regression for certain loads that had been around since
4.18.
Andrea had this note:
"The regression of 4.18 was that it was taking hours to start a VM
where 3.10 was only taking a few seconds, I reported all the details
on lkml when it was finally tracked down in August 2018.
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20180820032640.9896-2-aarcange@redhat.com/
__GFP_THISNODE in MADV_HUGEPAGE made the above enterprise vfio
workload degrade like in the "current upstream" above. And it still
would have been that bad as above until 5.3-rc5"
where the bad behavior ends up happening as you fill up a local node,
and without that change, you'd get into the nasty swap storm behavior
due to compaction working overtime to make room for more memory on the
nodes.
As a result 5.3 got the two performance fix reverts in rc5.
However, David Rientjes then noted that those performance fixes in turn
regressed performance for other loads - although not quite to the same
degree. He suggested reverting the reverts and instead replacing them
with two small changes to how hugepage allocations are done (patch
descriptions rephrased by me):
- "avoid expensive reclaim when compaction may not succeed": just admit
that the allocation failed when you're trying to allocate a huge-page
and compaction wasn't successful.
- "allow hugepage fallback to remote nodes when madvised": when that
node-local huge-page allocation failed, retry without forcing the
local node.
but by then I judged it too late to replace the fixes for a 5.3 release.
So 5.3 was released with behavior that harked back to the pre-4.18 logic.
But now we're in the merge window for 5.4, and we can see if this
alternate model fixes not just the horrendous swap storm behavior, but
also restores the performance regression that the late reverts caused.
Fingers crossed.
* emailed patches from David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>:
mm, page_alloc: allow hugepage fallback to remote nodes when madvised
mm, page_alloc: avoid expensive reclaim when compaction may not succeed
Revert "Revert "Revert "mm, thp: consolidate THP gfp handling into alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask""
Revert "Revert "mm, thp: restore node-local hugepage allocations""
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David Rientjes
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76e654cc91 |
mm, page_alloc: allow hugepage fallback to remote nodes when madvised
For systems configured to always try hard to allocate transparent hugepages (thp defrag setting of "always") or for memory that has been explicitly madvised to MADV_HUGEPAGE, it is often better to fallback to remote memory to allocate the hugepage if the local allocation fails first. The point is to allow the initial call to __alloc_pages_node() to attempt to defragment local memory to make a hugepage available, if possible, rather than immediately fallback to remote memory. Local hugepages will always have a better access latency than remote (huge)pages, so an attempt to make a hugepage available locally is always preferred. If memory compaction cannot be successful locally, however, it is likely better to fallback to remote memory. This could take on two forms: either allow immediate fallback to remote memory or do per-zone watermark checks. It would be possible to fallback only when per-zone watermarks fail for order-0 memory, since that would require local reclaim for all subsequent faults so remote huge allocation is likely better than thrashing the local zone for large workloads. In this case, it is assumed that because the system is configured to try hard to allocate hugepages or the vma is advised to explicitly want to try hard for hugepages that remote allocation is better when local allocation and memory compaction have both failed. Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Stefan Priebe - Profihost AG <s.priebe@profihost.ag> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Rientjes
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b39d0ee263 |
mm, page_alloc: avoid expensive reclaim when compaction may not succeed
Memory compaction has a couple significant drawbacks as the allocation order increases, specifically: - isolate_freepages() is responsible for finding free pages to use as migration targets and is implemented as a linear scan of memory starting at the end of a zone, - failing order-0 watermark checks in memory compaction does not account for how far below the watermarks the zone actually is: to enable migration, there must be *some* free memory available. Per the above, watermarks are not always suffficient if isolate_freepages() cannot find the free memory but it could require hundreds of MBs of reclaim to even reach this threshold (read: potentially very expensive reclaim with no indication compaction can be successful), and - if compaction at this order has failed recently so that it does not even run as a result of deferred compaction, looping through reclaim can often be pointless. For hugepage allocations, these are quite substantial drawbacks because these are very high order allocations (order-9 on x86) and falling back to doing reclaim can potentially be *very* expensive without any indication that compaction would even be successful. Reclaim itself is unlikely to free entire pageblocks and certainly no reliance should be put on it to do so in isolation (recall lumpy reclaim). This means we should avoid reclaim and simply fail hugepage allocation if compaction is deferred. It is also not helpful to thrash a zone by doing excessive reclaim if compaction may not be able to access that memory. If order-0 watermarks fail and the allocation order is sufficiently large, it is likely better to fail the allocation rather than thrashing the zone. Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Stefan Priebe - Profihost AG <s.priebe@profihost.ag> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Rientjes
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19deb7695e |
Revert "Revert "Revert "mm, thp: consolidate THP gfp handling into alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask""
This reverts commit |
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David Rientjes
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ac79f78dab |
Revert "Revert "mm, thp: restore node-local hugepage allocations""
This reverts commit
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Linus Torvalds
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0576f0602a |
Fix hardened usercopy under CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Comment: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net> iQJKBAABCgA0FiEEpcP2jyKd1g9yPm4TiXL039xtwCYFAl2NA6MWHGtlZXNjb29r QGNocm9taXVtLm9yZwAKCRCJcvTf3G3AJtBfD/9vC8kFze4MthmOFUmfX8THDUeA 6thvjsnHEE0PuOtpfii7QlzjXWy4v5NaOun5UhjXL1OPpxyewxcEylj190+aIw4H xbjdCIcNbDNS0IHODnBeFMIx3U5vSUykddw3MVH9Hng3IH0mOo3KZH2Gee8yXaRb Q2dqyBfvUEZ348qOnWDHPmNe7+y78VhvS99ofXa6WoXFk7D7l+x9QhTFGAXPdYOc BULI1Nr5b46gTgEf8czAUJXUgDXlJ8+qLLUE7c7n+4bHRTZQnWPahifutjfYdTQ6 4iqcWOKdcnXV44Pp6+s7LvHIZJ0KP2jozfrDF/QZjt/a00LTumj7++UUSNlgsY5t tJuCHH0lATLgnnIyaS8OID01tkvsxe8WWHGR/9/DwTk1qKZbT3DGfe04l1fGnROD 3+B4ib5UfAtg+2iwULEo9yyxEcTTo/CrR9Z7H77lD6oCDzWDqA7Krrd73T7SfrIE t0uaekvXI1dY8sx3Xm422d9a2/kfA7Hbi8h0yqY0JzVc1mRc1P8GIeqT8AoWRnOK fK2PkqxTsAJRvrGa5xH+t04vuRahNuG7QNtLKOQFyBRmy5vmT5KbgnFk/PdkZxNn S281w3SoXcxd9FSwaumFUgekSDASOrpEtsVa8wNpPR2fiIE/LgJ5rH8W5tfahCZP ZPkyK1LsFfqQ+EO18w== =wXwZ -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- Merge tag 'usercopy-v5.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull usercopy fix from Kees Cook: "Fix hardened usercopy under CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL" * tag 'usercopy-v5.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: usercopy: Avoid HIGHMEM pfn warning |
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Minchan Kim
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d616d51265 |
mm: factor out common parts between MADV_COLD and MADV_PAGEOUT
There are many common parts between MADV_COLD and MADV_PAGEOUT. This patch factor them out to save code duplication. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726023435.214162-6-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Daniel Colascione <dancol@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com> Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Cc: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@redhat.com> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@google.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Tim Murray <timmurray@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Minchan Kim
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1a4e58cce8 |
mm: introduce MADV_PAGEOUT
When a process expects no accesses to a certain memory range for a long time, it could hint kernel that the pages can be reclaimed instantly but data should be preserved for future use. This could reduce workingset eviction so it ends up increasing performance. This patch introduces the new MADV_PAGEOUT hint to madvise(2) syscall. MADV_PAGEOUT can be used by a process to mark a memory range as not expected to be used for a long time so that kernel reclaims *any LRU* pages instantly. The hint can help kernel in deciding which pages to evict proactively. A note: It doesn't apply SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX LRU page isolation limit intentionally because it's automatically bounded by PMD size. If PMD size(e.g., 256) makes some trouble, we could fix it later by limit it to SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX[1]. - man-page material MADV_PAGEOUT (since Linux x.x) Do not expect access in the near future so pages in the specified regions could be reclaimed instantly regardless of memory pressure. Thus, access in the range after successful operation could cause major page fault but never lose the up-to-date contents unlike MADV_DONTNEED. Pages belonging to a shared mapping are only processed if a write access is allowed for the calling process. MADV_PAGEOUT cannot be applied to locked pages, Huge TLB pages, or VM_PFNMAP pages. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190710194719.GS29695@dhcp22.suse.cz/ [minchan@kernel.org: clear PG_active on MADV_PAGEOUT] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190802200643.GA181880@google.com [akpm@linux-foundation.org: resolve conflicts with hmm.git] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726023435.214162-5-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Daniel Colascione <dancol@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com> Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@redhat.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@google.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Tim Murray <timmurray@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Minchan Kim
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8940b34a4e |
mm: change PAGEREF_RECLAIM_CLEAN with PAGE_REFRECLAIM
The local variable references in shrink_page_list is PAGEREF_RECLAIM_CLEAN as default. It is for preventing to reclaim dirty pages when CMA try to migrate pages. Strictly speaking, we don't need it because CMA didn't allow to write out by .may_writepage = 0 in reclaim_clean_pages_from_list. Moreover, it has a problem to prevent anonymous pages's swap out even though force_reclaim = true in shrink_page_list on upcoming patch. So this patch makes references's default value to PAGEREF_RECLAIM and rename force_reclaim with ignore_references to make it more clear. This is a preparatory work for next patch. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726023435.214162-3-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Daniel Colascione <dancol@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com> Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Cc: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@redhat.com> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@google.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Tim Murray <timmurray@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Minchan Kim
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9c276cc65a |
mm: introduce MADV_COLD
Patch series "Introduce MADV_COLD and MADV_PAGEOUT", v7. - Background The Android terminology used for forking a new process and starting an app from scratch is a cold start, while resuming an existing app is a hot start. While we continually try to improve the performance of cold starts, hot starts will always be significantly less power hungry as well as faster so we are trying to make hot start more likely than cold start. To increase hot start, Android userspace manages the order that apps should be killed in a process called ActivityManagerService. ActivityManagerService tracks every Android app or service that the user could be interacting with at any time and translates that into a ranked list for lmkd(low memory killer daemon). They are likely to be killed by lmkd if the system has to reclaim memory. In that sense they are similar to entries in any other cache. Those apps are kept alive for opportunistic performance improvements but those performance improvements will vary based on the memory requirements of individual workloads. - Problem Naturally, cached apps were dominant consumers of memory on the system. However, they were not significant consumers of swap even though they are good candidate for swap. Under investigation, swapping out only begins once the low zone watermark is hit and kswapd wakes up, but the overall allocation rate in the system might trip lmkd thresholds and cause a cached process to be killed(we measured performance swapping out vs. zapping the memory by killing a process. Unsurprisingly, zapping is 10x times faster even though we use zram which is much faster than real storage) so kill from lmkd will often satisfy the high zone watermark, resulting in very few pages actually being moved to swap. - Approach The approach we chose was to use a new interface to allow userspace to proactively reclaim entire processes by leveraging platform information. This allowed us to bypass the inaccuracy of the kernel’s LRUs for pages that are known to be cold from userspace and to avoid races with lmkd by reclaiming apps as soon as they entered the cached state. Additionally, it could provide many chances for platform to use much information to optimize memory efficiency. To achieve the goal, the patchset introduce two new options for madvise. One is MADV_COLD which will deactivate activated pages and the other is MADV_PAGEOUT which will reclaim private pages instantly. These new options complement MADV_DONTNEED and MADV_FREE by adding non-destructive ways to gain some free memory space. MADV_PAGEOUT is similar to MADV_DONTNEED in a way that it hints the kernel that memory region is not currently needed and should be reclaimed immediately; MADV_COLD is similar to MADV_FREE in a way that it hints the kernel that memory region is not currently needed and should be reclaimed when memory pressure rises. This patch (of 5): When a process expects no accesses to a certain memory range, it could give a hint to kernel that the pages can be reclaimed when memory pressure happens but data should be preserved for future use. This could reduce workingset eviction so it ends up increasing performance. This patch introduces the new MADV_COLD hint to madvise(2) syscall. MADV_COLD can be used by a process to mark a memory range as not expected to be used in the near future. The hint can help kernel in deciding which pages to evict early during memory pressure. It works for every LRU pages like MADV_[DONTNEED|FREE]. IOW, It moves active file page -> inactive file LRU active anon page -> inacdtive anon LRU Unlike MADV_FREE, it doesn't move active anonymous pages to inactive file LRU's head because MADV_COLD is a little bit different symantic. MADV_FREE means it's okay to discard when the memory pressure because the content of the page is *garbage* so freeing such pages is almost zero overhead since we don't need to swap out and access afterward causes just minor fault. Thus, it would make sense to put those freeable pages in inactive file LRU to compete other used-once pages. It makes sense for implmentaion point of view, too because it's not swapbacked memory any longer until it would be re-dirtied. Even, it could give a bonus to make them be reclaimed on swapless system. However, MADV_COLD doesn't mean garbage so reclaiming them requires swap-out/in in the end so it's bigger cost. Since we have designed VM LRU aging based on cost-model, anonymous cold pages would be better to position inactive anon's LRU list, not file LRU. Furthermore, it would help to avoid unnecessary scanning if system doesn't have a swap device. Let's start simpler way without adding complexity at this moment. However, keep in mind, too that it's a caveat that workloads with a lot of pages cache are likely to ignore MADV_COLD on anonymous memory because we rarely age anonymous LRU lists. * man-page material MADV_COLD (since Linux x.x) Pages in the specified regions will be treated as less-recently-accessed compared to pages in the system with similar access frequencies. In contrast to MADV_FREE, the contents of the region are preserved regardless of subsequent writes to pages. MADV_COLD cannot be applied to locked pages, Huge TLB pages, or VM_PFNMAP pages. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: resolve conflicts with hmm.git] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726023435.214162-2-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Daniel Colascione <dancol@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com> Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@redhat.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@google.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Tim Murray <timmurray@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |