mainlining shenanigans
8b3fd1f53a
dm-clone maintains an on-disk bitmap which records which regions are
valid in the destination device, i.e., which regions have already been
hydrated, or have been written to directly, via user I/O.
Setting a bit in the on-disk bitmap meas the corresponding region is
valid in the destination device and we redirect all I/O regarding it to
the destination device.
Suppose the destination device has a volatile write-back cache and the
following sequence of events occur:
1. A region gets hydrated, either through the background hydration or
because it was written to directly, via user I/O.
2. The commit timeout expires and we commit the metadata, marking that
region as valid in the destination device.
3. The system crashes and the destination device's cache has not been
flushed, meaning the region's data are lost.
The next time we read that region we read it from the destination
device, since the metadata have been successfully committed, but the
data are lost due to the crash, so we read garbage instead of the old
data.
This has several implications:
1. In case of background hydration or of writes with size smaller than
the region size (which means we first copy the whole region and then
issue the smaller write), we corrupt data that the user never
touched.
2. In case of writes with size equal to the device's logical block size,
we fail to provide atomic sector writes. When the system recovers the
user will read garbage from the sector instead of the old data or the
new data.
3. In case of writes without the FUA flag set, after the system
recovers, the written sectors will contain garbage instead of a
random mix of sectors containing either old data or new data, thus we
fail again to provide atomic sector writes.
4. Even when the user flushes the dm-clone device, because we first
commit the metadata and then pass down the flush, the same risk for
corruption exists (if the system crashes after the metadata have been
committed but before the flush is passed down).
The only case which is unaffected is that of writes with size equal to
the region size and with the FUA flag set. But, because FUA writes
trigger metadata commits, this case can trigger the corruption
indirectly.
To solve this and avoid the potential data corruption we flush the
destination device **before** committing the metadata.
This ensures that any freshly hydrated regions, for which we commit the
metadata, are properly written to non-volatile storage and won't be lost
in case of a crash.
Fixes:
|
||
|---|---|---|
| arch | ||
| block | ||
| certs | ||
| crypto | ||
| Documentation | ||
| drivers | ||
| fs | ||
| include | ||
| init | ||
| ipc | ||
| kernel | ||
| lib | ||
| LICENSES | ||
| mm | ||
| net | ||
| samples | ||
| scripts | ||
| security | ||
| sound | ||
| tools | ||
| usr | ||
| virt | ||
| .clang-format | ||
| .cocciconfig | ||
| .get_maintainer.ignore | ||
| .gitattributes | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| .mailmap | ||
| COPYING | ||
| CREDITS | ||
| Kbuild | ||
| Kconfig | ||
| MAINTAINERS | ||
| Makefile | ||
| README | ||
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.