linux/fs/partitions/msdos.c

/*
 *  fs/partitions/msdos.c
 *
 *  Code extracted from drivers/block/genhd.c
 *  Copyright (C) 1991-1998  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  Thanks to Branko Lankester, lankeste@fwi.uva.nl, who found a bug
 *  in the early extended-partition checks and added DM partitions
 *
 *  Support for DiskManager v6.0x added by Mark Lord,
 *  with information provided by OnTrack.  This now works for linux fdisk
 *  and LILO, as well as loadlin and bootln.  Note that disks other than
 *  /dev/hda *must* have a "DOS" type 0x51 partition in the first slot (hda1).
 *
 *  More flexible handling of extended partitions - aeb, 950831
 *
 *  Check partition table on IDE disks for common CHS translations
 *
 *  Re-organised Feb 1998 Russell King
 */
#include <linux/msdos_fs.h>

#include "check.h"
#include "msdos.h"
#include "efi.h"

/*
 * Many architectures don't like unaligned accesses, while
 * the nr_sects and start_sect partition table entries are
 * at a 2 (mod 4) address.
 */
#include <asm/unaligned.h>

#define SYS_IND(p)	(get_unaligned(&p->sys_ind))
#define NR_SECTS(p)	({ __le32 __a =	get_unaligned(&p->nr_sects);	\
				le32_to_cpu(__a); \
			})

#define START_SECT(p)	({ __le32 __a =	get_unaligned(&p->start_sect);	\
				le32_to_cpu(__a); \
			})

static inline int is_extended_partition(struct partition *p)
{
	return (SYS_IND(p) == DOS_EXTENDED_PARTITION ||
		SYS_IND(p) == WIN98_EXTENDED_PARTITION ||
		SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_EXTENDED_PARTITION);
}

#define MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC1	0x55
#define MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC2	0xAA

static inline int
msdos_magic_present(unsigned char *p)
{
	return (p[0] == MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC1 && p[1] == MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC2);
}

/* Value is EBCDIC 'IBMA' */
#define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC1	0xC9
#define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC2	0xC2
#define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC3	0xD4
#define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC4	0xC1
static int aix_magic_present(unsigned char *p, struct block_device *bdev)
{
	struct partition *pt = (struct partition *) (p + 0x1be);
	Sector sect;
	unsigned char *d;
	int slot, ret = 0;

	if (!(p[0] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC1 &&
		p[1] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC2 &&
		p[2] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC3 &&
		p[3] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC4))
		return 0;
	/* Assume the partition table is valid if Linux partitions exists */
	for (slot = 1; slot <= 4; slot++, pt++) {
		if (pt->sys_ind == LINUX_SWAP_PARTITION ||
			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION ||
			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_DATA_PARTITION ||
			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_LVM_PARTITION ||
			is_extended_partition(pt))
			return 0;
	}
	d = read_dev_sector(bdev, 7, &sect);
	if (d) {
		if (d[0] == '_' && d[1] == 'L' && d[2] == 'V' && d[3] == 'M')
			ret = 1;
		put_dev_sector(sect);
	};
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Create devices for each logical partition in an extended partition.
 * The logical partitions form a linked list, with each entry being
 * a partition table with two entries.  The first entry
 * is the real data partition (with a start relative to the partition
 * table start).  The second is a pointer to the next logical partition
 * (with a start relative to the entire extended partition).
 * We do not create a Linux partition for the partition tables, but
 * only for the actual data partitions.
 */

static void
parse_extended(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
			u32 first_sector, u32 first_size)
{
	struct partition *p;
	Sector sect;
	unsigned char *data;
	u32 this_sector, this_size;
	int sector_size = bdev_hardsect_size(bdev) / 512;
	int loopct = 0;		/* number of links followed
				   without finding a data partition */
	int i;

	this_sector = first_sector;
	this_size = first_size;

	while (1) {
		if (++loopct > 100)
			return;
		if (state->next == state->limit)
			return;
		data = read_dev_sector(bdev, this_sector, &sect);
		if (!data)
			return;

		if (!msdos_magic_present(data + 510))
			goto done; 

		p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);

		/*
		 * Usually, the first entry is the real data partition,
		 * the 2nd entry is the next extended partition, or empty,
		 * and the 3rd and 4th entries are unused.
		 * However, DRDOS sometimes has the extended partition as
		 * the first entry (when the data partition is empty),
		 * and OS/2 seems to use all four entries.
		 */

		/* 
		 * First process the data partition(s)
		 */
		for (i=0; i<4; i++, p++) {
			u32 offs, size, next;
			if (!NR_SECTS(p) || is_extended_partition(p))
				continue;

			/* Check the 3rd and 4th entries -
			   these sometimes contain random garbage */
			offs = START_SECT(p)*sector_size;
			size = NR_SECTS(p)*sector_size;
			next = this_sector + offs;
			if (i >= 2) {
				if (offs + size > this_size)
					continue;
				if (next < first_sector)
					continue;
				if (next + size > first_sector + first_size)
					continue;
			}

			put_partition(state, state->next, next, size);
			if (SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION)
				state->parts[state->next].flags = ADDPART_FLAG_RAID;
			loopct = 0;
			if (++state->next == state->limit)
				goto done;
		}
		/*
		 * Next, process the (first) extended partition, if present.
		 * (So far, there seems to be no reason to make
		 *  parse_extended()  recursive and allow a tree
		 *  of extended partitions.)
		 * It should be a link to the next logical partition.
		 */
		p -= 4;
		for (i=0; i<4; i++, p++)
			if (NR_SECTS(p) && is_extended_partition(p))
				break;
		if (i == 4)
			goto done;	 /* nothing left to do */

		this_sector = first_sector + START_SECT(p) * sector_size;
		this_size = NR_SECTS(p) * sector_size;
		put_dev_sector(sect);
	}
done:
	put_dev_sector(sect);
}

/* james@bpgc.com: Solaris has a nasty indicator: 0x82 which also
   indicates linux swap.  Be careful before believing this is Solaris. */

static void
parse_solaris_x86(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
			u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION
	Sector sect;
	struct solaris_x86_vtoc *v;
	int i;
	short max_nparts;

	v = (struct solaris_x86_vtoc *)read_dev_sector(bdev, offset+1, &sect);
	if (!v)
		return;
	if (le32_to_cpu(v->v_sanity) != SOLARIS_X86_VTOC_SANE) {
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		return;
	}
	printk(" %s%d: <solaris:", state->name, origin);
	if (le32_to_cpu(v->v_version) != 1) {
		printk("  cannot handle version %d vtoc>\n",
			le32_to_cpu(v->v_version));
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		return;
	}
	/* Ensure we can handle previous case of VTOC with 8 entries gracefully */
	max_nparts = le16_to_cpu (v->v_nparts) > 8 ? SOLARIS_X86_NUMSLICE : 8;
	for (i=0; i<max_nparts && state->next<state->limit; i++) {
		struct solaris_x86_slice *s = &v->v_slice[i];
		if (s->s_size == 0)
			continue;
		printk(" [s%d]", i);
		/* solaris partitions are relative to current MS-DOS
		 * one; must add the offset of the current partition */
		put_partition(state, state->next++,
				 le32_to_cpu(s->s_start)+offset,
				 le32_to_cpu(s->s_size));
	}
	put_dev_sector(sect);
	printk(" >\n");
#endif
}

#if defined(CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL)
/* 
 * Create devices for BSD partitions listed in a disklabel, under a
 * dos-like partition. See parse_extended() for more information.
 */
static void
parse_bsd(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin, char *flavour,
		int max_partitions)
{
	Sector sect;
	struct bsd_disklabel *l;
	struct bsd_partition *p;

	l = (struct bsd_disklabel *)read_dev_sector(bdev, offset+1, &sect);
	if (!l)
		return;
	if (le32_to_cpu(l->d_magic) != BSD_DISKMAGIC) {
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		return;
	}
	printk(" %s%d: <%s:", state->name, origin, flavour);

	if (le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) < max_partitions)
		max_partitions = le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions);
	for (p = l->d_partitions; p - l->d_partitions < max_partitions; p++) {
		u32 bsd_start, bsd_size;

		if (state->next == state->limit)
			break;
		if (p->p_fstype == BSD_FS_UNUSED) 
			continue;
		bsd_start = le32_to_cpu(p->p_offset);
		bsd_size = le32_to_cpu(p->p_size);
		if (offset == bsd_start && size == bsd_size)
			/* full parent partition, we have it already */
			continue;
		if (offset > bsd_start || offset+size < bsd_start+bsd_size) {
			printk("bad subpartition - ignored\n");
			continue;
		}
		put_partition(state, state->next++, bsd_start, bsd_size);
	}
	put_dev_sector(sect);
	if (le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) > max_partitions)
		printk(" (ignored %d more)",
		       le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) - max_partitions);
	printk(" >\n");
}
#endif

static void
parse_freebsd(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
	parse_bsd(state, bdev, offset, size, origin,
			"bsd", BSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
#endif
}

static void
parse_netbsd(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
	parse_bsd(state, bdev, offset, size, origin,
			"netbsd", BSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
#endif
}

static void
parse_openbsd(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
	parse_bsd(state, bdev, offset, size, origin,
			"openbsd", OPENBSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
#endif
}

/*
 * Create devices for Unixware partitions listed in a disklabel, under a
 * dos-like partition. See parse_extended() for more information.
 */
static void
parse_unixware(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_UNIXWARE_DISKLABEL
	Sector sect;
	struct unixware_disklabel *l;
	struct unixware_slice *p;

	l = (struct unixware_disklabel *)read_dev_sector(bdev, offset+29, &sect);
	if (!l)
		return;
	if (le32_to_cpu(l->d_magic) != UNIXWARE_DISKMAGIC ||
	    le32_to_cpu(l->vtoc.v_magic) != UNIXWARE_DISKMAGIC2) {
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		return;
	}
	printk(" %s%d: <unixware:", state->name, origin);
	p = &l->vtoc.v_slice[1];
	/* I omit the 0th slice as it is the same as whole disk. */
	while (p - &l->vtoc.v_slice[0] < UNIXWARE_NUMSLICE) {
		if (state->next == state->limit)
			break;

		if (p->s_label != UNIXWARE_FS_UNUSED)
			put_partition(state, state->next++,
						START_SECT(p), NR_SECTS(p));
		p++;
	}
	put_dev_sector(sect);
	printk(" >\n");
#endif
}

/*
 * Minix 2.0.0/2.0.2 subpartition support.
 * Anand Krishnamurthy <anandk@wiproge.med.ge.com>
 * Rajeev V. Pillai    <rajeevvp@yahoo.com>
 */
static void
parse_minix(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev,
		u32 offset, u32 size, int origin)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MINIX_SUBPARTITION
	Sector sect;
	unsigned char *data;
	struct partition *p;
	int i;

	data = read_dev_sector(bdev, offset, &sect);
	if (!data)
		return;

	p = (struct partition *)(data + 0x1be);

	/* The first sector of a Minix partition can have either
	 * a secondary MBR describing its subpartitions, or
	 * the normal boot sector. */
	if (msdos_magic_present (data + 510) &&
	    SYS_IND(p) == MINIX_PARTITION) { /* subpartition table present */

		printk(" %s%d: <minix:", state->name, origin);
		for (i = 0; i < MINIX_NR_SUBPARTITIONS; i++, p++) {
			if (state->next == state->limit)
				break;
			/* add each partition in use */
			if (SYS_IND(p) == MINIX_PARTITION)
				put_partition(state, state->next++,
					      START_SECT(p), NR_SECTS(p));
		}
		printk(" >\n");
	}
	put_dev_sector(sect);
#endif /* CONFIG_MINIX_SUBPARTITION */
}

static struct {
	unsigned char id;
	void (*parse)(struct parsed_partitions *, struct block_device *,
			u32, u32, int);
} subtypes[] = {
	{FREEBSD_PARTITION, parse_freebsd},
	{NETBSD_PARTITION, parse_netbsd},
	{OPENBSD_PARTITION, parse_openbsd},
	{MINIX_PARTITION, parse_minix},
	{UNIXWARE_PARTITION, parse_unixware},
	{SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION, parse_solaris_x86},
	{NEW_SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION, parse_solaris_x86},
	{0, NULL},
};
 
int msdos_partition(struct parsed_partitions *state, struct block_device *bdev)
{
	int sector_size = bdev_hardsect_size(bdev) / 512;
	Sector sect;
	unsigned char *data;
	struct partition *p;
	struct fat_boot_sector *fb;
	int slot;

	data = read_dev_sector(bdev, 0, &sect);
	if (!data)
		return -1;
	if (!msdos_magic_present(data + 510)) {
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		return 0;
	}

	if (aix_magic_present(data, bdev)) {
		put_dev_sector(sect);
		printk( " [AIX]");
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Now that the 55aa signature is present, this is probably
	 * either the boot sector of a FAT filesystem or a DOS-type
	 * partition table. Reject this in case the boot indicator
	 * is not 0 or 0x80.
	 */
	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
	for (slot = 1; slot <= 4; slot++, p++) {
		if (p->boot_ind != 0 && p->boot_ind != 0x80) {
			/*
			 * Even without a valid boot inidicator value
			 * its still possible this is valid FAT filesystem
			 * without a partition table.
			 */
			fb = (struct fat_boot_sector *) data;
			if (slot == 1 && fb->reserved && fb->fats
				&& fat_valid_media(fb->media)) {
				printk("\n");
				put_dev_sector(sect);
				return 1;
			} else {
				put_dev_sector(sect);
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION
	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
		/* If this is an EFI GPT disk, msdos should ignore it. */
		if (SYS_IND(p) == EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE_EFI_GPT) {
			put_dev_sector(sect);
			return 0;
		}
	}
#endif
	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);

	/*
	 * Look for partitions in two passes:
	 * First find the primary and DOS-type extended partitions.
	 * On the second pass look inside *BSD, Unixware and Solaris partitions.
	 */

	state->next = 5;
	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
		u32 start = START_SECT(p)*sector_size;
		u32 size = NR_SECTS(p)*sector_size;
		if (!size)
			continue;
		if (is_extended_partition(p)) {
			/* prevent someone doing mkfs or mkswap on an
			   extended partition, but leave room for LILO */
			put_partition(state, slot, start, size == 1 ? 1 : 2);
			printk(" <");
			parse_extended(state, bdev, start, size);
			printk(" >");
			continue;
		}
		put_partition(state, slot, start, size);
		if (SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION)
			state->parts[slot].flags = 1;
		if (SYS_IND(p) == DM6_PARTITION)
			printk("[DM]");
		if (SYS_IND(p) == EZD_PARTITION)
			printk("[EZD]");
	}

	printk("\n");

	/* second pass - output for each on a separate line */
	p = (struct partition *) (0x1be + data);
	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
		unsigned char id = SYS_IND(p);
		int n;

		if (!NR_SECTS(p))
			continue;

		for (n = 0; subtypes[n].parse && id != subtypes[n].id; n++)
			;

		if (!subtypes[n].parse)
			continue;
		subtypes[n].parse(state, bdev, START_SECT(p)*sector_size,
						NR_SECTS(p)*sector_size, slot);
	}
	put_dev_sector(sect);
	return 1;
}