linux/Documentation/kbuild/llvm.rst
Masahiro Yamada a0d1c951ef kbuild: support LLVM=1 to switch the default tools to Clang/LLVM
As Documentation/kbuild/llvm.rst implies, building the kernel with a
full set of LLVM tools gets very verbose and unwieldy.

Provide a single switch LLVM=1 to use Clang and LLVM tools instead
of GCC and Binutils. You can pass it from the command line or as an
environment variable.

Please note LLVM=1 does not turn on the integrated assembler. You need
to pass LLVM_IAS=1 to use it. When the upstream kernel is ready for the
integrated assembler, I think we can make it default.

We discussed what we need, and we agreed to go with a simple boolean
flag that switches both target and host tools:

  https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/3/28/494
  https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/4/3/43

Some items discussed, but not adopted:

- LLVM_DIR

  When multiple versions of LLVM are installed, I just thought supporting
  LLVM_DIR=/path/to/my/llvm/bin/ might be useful.

  CC      = $(LLVM_DIR)clang
  LD      = $(LLVM_DIR)ld.lld
    ...

  However, we can handle this by modifying PATH. So, we decided to not do
  this.

- LLVM_SUFFIX

  Some distributions (e.g. Debian) package specific versions of LLVM with
  naming conventions that use the version as a suffix.

  CC      = clang$(LLVM_SUFFIX)
  LD      = ld.lld(LLVM_SUFFIX)
    ...

  will allow a user to pass LLVM_SUFFIX=-11 to use clang-11 etc.,
  but the suffixed versions in /usr/bin/ are symlinks to binaries in
  /usr/lib/llvm-#/bin/, so this can also be handled by PATH.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> # build
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
2020-04-09 03:18:21 +09:00

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==============================
Building Linux with Clang/LLVM
==============================
This document covers how to build the Linux kernel with Clang and LLVM
utilities.
About
-----
The Linux kernel has always traditionally been compiled with GNU toolchains
such as GCC and binutils. Ongoing work has allowed for `Clang
<https://clang.llvm.org/>`_ and `LLVM <https://llvm.org/>`_ utilities to be
used as viable substitutes. Distributions such as `Android
<https://www.android.com/>`_, `ChromeOS
<https://www.chromium.org/chromium-os>`_, and `OpenMandriva
<https://www.openmandriva.org/>`_ use Clang built kernels. `LLVM is a
collection of toolchain components implemented in terms of C++ objects
<https://www.aosabook.org/en/llvm.html>`_. Clang is a front-end to LLVM that
supports C and the GNU C extensions required by the kernel, and is pronounced
"klang," not "see-lang."
Clang
-----
The compiler used can be swapped out via `CC=` command line argument to `make`.
`CC=` should be set when selecting a config and during a build.
make CC=clang defconfig
make CC=clang
Cross Compiling
---------------
A single Clang compiler binary will typically contain all supported backends,
which can help simplify cross compiling.
ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- make CC=clang
`CROSS_COMPILE` is not used to prefix the Clang compiler binary, instead
`CROSS_COMPILE` is used to set a command line flag: `--target <triple>`. For
example:
clang --target aarch64-linux-gnu foo.c
LLVM Utilities
--------------
LLVM has substitutes for GNU binutils utilities. Kbuild supports `LLVM=1`
to enable them.
make LLVM=1
They can be enabled individually. The full list of the parameters:
make CC=clang LD=ld.lld AR=llvm-ar NM=llvm-nm STRIP=llvm-strip \\
OBJCOPY=llvm-objcopy OBJDUMP=llvm-objdump OBJSIZE=llvm-size \\
READELF=llvm-readelf HOSTCC=clang HOSTCXX=clang++ HOSTAR=llvm-ar \\
HOSTLD=ld.lld
Currently, the integrated assembler is disabled by default. You can pass
`LLVM_IAS=1` to enable it.
Getting Help
------------
- `Website <https://clangbuiltlinux.github.io/>`_
- `Mailing List <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/clang-built-linux>`_: <clang-built-linux@googlegroups.com>
- `Issue Tracker <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues>`_
- IRC: #clangbuiltlinux on chat.freenode.net
- `Telegram <https://t.me/ClangBuiltLinux>`_: @ClangBuiltLinux
- `Wiki <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/wiki>`_
- `Beginner Bugs <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22>`_
Getting LLVM
-------------
- http://releases.llvm.org/download.html
- https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project
- https://llvm.org/docs/GettingStarted.html
- https://llvm.org/docs/CMake.html
- https://apt.llvm.org/
- https://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/llvm/
- https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/tc-build
- https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/wiki/Building-Clang-from-source
- https://android.googlesource.com/platform/prebuilts/clang/host/linux-x86/