check_for_memory() looks a bit confusing. First of all, we have this:
if (N_MEMORY == N_NORMAL_MEMORY)
return;
Checking the ENUM declaration, looks like N_MEMORY canot be equal to
N_NORMAL_MEMORY.
I could not find where N_MEMORY is set to N_NORMAL_MEMORY, or the other
way around either, so unless I am missing something, this condition will
never evaluate to true. It makes sense to get rid of it.
Moving forward, the operations within the loop look a bit confusing as
well.
We set N_HIGH_MEMORY unconditionally, and then we set N_NORMAL_MEMORY in
case we have CONFIG_HIGHMEM (N_NORMAL_MEMORY != N_HIGH_MEMORY) and zone <=
ZONE_NORMAL. (N_HIGH_MEMORY falls back to N_NORMAL_MEMORY on
!CONFIG_HIGHMEM systems, and that is why we can just go ahead and set
N_HIGH_MEMORY unconditionally)
Although this works, it is a bit subtle.
I think that this could be easier to follow:
First, we should only set N_HIGH_MEMORY in case we have CONFIG_HIGHMEM.
And then we should set N_NORMAL_MEMORY in case zone <= ZONE_NORMAL,
without further checking whether we have CONFIG_HIGHMEM or not.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180828210158.4617-1-osalvador@techadventures.net
Signed-off-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michael Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pavel.tatashin@microsoft.com
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The code path to reclaim the swap entry in free_swap_and_cache() is
almost same as that of __try_to_reclaim_swap(). The largest
difference is just coding style. So the support to the additional
requirement of free_swap_and_cache() is added into
__try_to_reclaim_swap(). free_swap_and_cache() is changed to call
__try_to_reclaim_swap(), and delete the duplicated code. This will
improve code readability and reduce the potential bugs.
There are 2 functionality differences between __try_to_reclaim_swap()
and swap entry reclaim code of free_swap_and_cache().
- free_swap_and_cache() only reclaims the swap entry if the page is
unmapped or swap is getting full. The support has been added into
__try_to_reclaim_swap().
- try_to_free_swap() (called by __try_to_reclaim_swap()) checks
pm_suspended_storage(), while free_swap_and_cache() not. I think
this is OK. Because the page and the swap entry can be reclaimed
later eventually.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180827075535.17406-2-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, kmemleak only prints the number of suspected leaks to dmesg but
requires the user to read a debugfs file to get the actual stack traces of
the objects' allocation points. Add a module option to print the full
object information to dmesg too. It can be enabled with
kmemleak.verbose=1 on the kernel command line, or "echo 1 >
/sys/module/kmemleak/parameters/verbose":
This allows easier integration of kmemleak into test systems: We have
automated test infrastructure to test our Linux systems. With this
option, running our tests with kmemleak is as simple as enabling kmemleak
and passing this command line option; the test infrastructure knows how to
save kernel logs, which will now include kmemleak reports. Without this
option, the test infrastructure needs to be specifically taught to read
out the kmemleak debugfs file. Removing this need for special handling
makes kmemleak more similar to other kernel debug options (slab debugging,
debug objects, etc).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180903144046.21023-1-vincent.whitchurch@axis.com
Signed-off-by: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tetsuo Handa has reported that it is possible to bypass the short sleep
for PF_WQ_WORKER threads which was introduced by commit 373ccbe592
("mm, vmstat: allow WQ concurrency to discover memory reclaim doesn't make
any progress") and lock up the system if OOM.
The primary reason is that WQ_MEM_RECLAIM WQs are not guaranteed to run
even when they have a rescuer available. Those workers might be essential
for reclaim to make a forward progress, however. If we are too unlucky
all the allocations requests can get stuck waiting for a WQ_MEM_RECLAIM
work item and the system is essentially stuck in an OOM condition without
much hope to move on. Tetsuo has seen the reclaim stuck on
drain_local_pages_wq or xlog_cil_push_work (xfs). There might be others.
Since should_reclaim_retry() should be a natural reschedule point,
let's do the short sleep for PF_WQ_WORKER threads unconditionally in
order to guarantee that other pending work items are started. This
will workaround this problem and it is less fragile than hunting down
when the sleep is missed. Having a single sleeping point is more
robust.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: reflow comment to 80 cols to save a couple of lines]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180827135101.15700-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Debugged-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I've noticed, that dying memory cgroups are often pinned in memory by a
single pagecache page. Even under moderate memory pressure they sometimes
stayed in such state for a long time. That looked strange.
My investigation showed that the problem is caused by applying the LRU
pressure balancing math:
scan = div64_u64(scan * fraction[lru], denominator),
where
denominator = fraction[anon] + fraction[file] + 1.
Because fraction[lru] is always less than denominator, if the initial scan
size is 1, the result is always 0.
This means the last page is not scanned and has
no chances to be reclaimed.
Fix this by rounding up the result of the division.
In practice this change significantly improves the speed of dying cgroups
reclaim.
[guro@fb.com: prevent double calculation of DIV64_U64_ROUND_UP() arguments]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180829213311.GA13501@castle
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180827162621.30187-3-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memcg charge is batched using per-cpu stocks, so an offline memcg can be
pinned by a cached charge up to a moment, when a process belonging to some
other cgroup will charge some memory on the same cpu. In other words,
cached charges can prevent a memory cgroup from being reclaimed for some
time, without any clear need.
Let's optimize it by explicit draining of all stocks on css offlining. As
draining is performed asynchronously, and is skipped if any parallel
draining is happening, it's cheap.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180827162621.30187-2-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If CONFIG_VMAP_STACK is set, kernel stacks are allocated using
__vmalloc_node_range() with __GFP_ACCOUNT. So kernel stack pages are
charged against corresponding memory cgroups on allocation and uncharged
on releasing them.
The problem is that we do cache kernel stacks in small per-cpu caches and
do reuse them for new tasks, which can belong to different memory cgroups.
Each stack page still holds a reference to the original cgroup, so the
cgroup can't be released until the vmap area is released.
To make this happen we need more than two subsequent exits without forks
in between on the current cpu, which makes it very unlikely to happen. As
a result, I saw a significant number of dying cgroups (in theory, up to 2
* number_of_cpu + number_of_tasks), which can't be released even by
significant memory pressure.
As a cgroup structure can take a significant amount of memory (first of
all, per-cpu data like memcg statistics), it leads to a noticeable waste
of memory.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180827162621.30187-1-guro@fb.com
Fixes: ac496bf48d ("fork: Optimize task creation by caching two thread stacks per CPU if CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y")
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Slub does not call kmalloc_slab() for sizes > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE,
instead it falls back to kmalloc_large().
For slab KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE == KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE and it calls
kmalloc_slab() for all allocations relying on NULL return value for
over-sized allocations.
This inconsistency leads to unwanted warnings from kmalloc_slab() for
over-sized allocations for slab. Returning NULL for failed allocations is
the expected behavior.
Make slub and slab code consistent by checking size >
KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE in slab before calling kmalloc_slab().
While we are here also fix the check in kmalloc_slab(). We should check
against KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE rather than KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE. It all kinda
worked because for slab the constants are the same, and slub always checks
the size against KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE before kmalloc_slab(). But if we
get there with size > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE anyhow bad things will
happen. For example, in case of a newly introduced bug in slub code.
Also move the check in kmalloc_slab() from function entry to the size >
192 case. This partially compensates for the additional check in slab
code and makes slub code a bit faster (at least theoretically).
Also drop __GFP_NOWARN in the warning check. This warning means a bug in
slab code itself, user-passed flags have nothing to do with it.
Nothing of this affects slob.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180927171502.226522-1-dvyukov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reported-by: syzbot+87829a10073277282ad1@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+ef4e8fc3a06e9019bb40@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+6e438f4036df52cbb863@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+8574471d8734457d98aa@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+af1504df0807a083dbd9@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel module may sleep with holding a spinlock.
The function call paths (from bottom to top) in Linux-4.16 are:
[FUNC] get_zeroed_page(GFP_NOFS)
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmdebug.c, 332: get_zeroed_page in dlm_print_one_mle
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 240: dlm_print_one_mle in __dlm_put_mle
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 255: __dlm_put_mle in dlm_put_mle
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 254: spin_lock in dlm_put_ml
[FUNC] get_zeroed_page(GFP_NOFS)
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmdebug.c, 332: get_zeroed_page in dlm_print_one_mle
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 240: dlm_print_one_mle in __dlm_put_mle
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 222: __dlm_put_mle in dlm_put_mle_inuse
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c, 219: spin_lock in dlm_put_mle_inuse
To fix this bug, GFP_NOFS is replaced with GFP_ATOMIC.
This bug is found by my static analysis tool DSAC.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180901112528.27025-1-baijiaju1990@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jia-Ju Bai <baijiaju1990@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Joseph Qi <jiangqi903@gmail.com>
Cc: Changwei Ge <ge.changwei@h3c.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Clang warns when more than one set of parentheses is used for a
single conditional statement:
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c:534:18: warning: equality comparison with extraneous
parentheses [-Wparentheses-equality]
if ((res->owner == dlm->node_num)) {
~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c:534:18: note: remove extraneous parentheses around the
comparison to silence this warning
if ((res->owner == dlm->node_num)) {
~ ^ ~
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180924181929.6853-1-natechancellor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tracing the event "fs_dax:dax_pmd_insert_mapping" with perf produces this
warning:
[fs_dax:dax_pmd_insert_mapping] unknown op '~'
It is printed in process_op (tools/lib/traceevent/event-parse.c) because
'~' is parsed as a binary operator.
perf reads the format of fs_dax:dax_pmd_insert_mapping ("print fmt") from
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/fs_dax/dax_pmd_insert_mapping/format .
The format contains:
~(((u64) ~(~(((1UL) << 12)-1)))
^
\ interpreted as a binary operator by process_op().
This part is generated in the declaration of the event class
dax_pmd_insert_mapping_class in include/trace/events/fs_dax.h :
__print_flags_u64(__entry->pfn_val & PFN_FLAGS_MASK, "|",
PFN_FLAGS_TRACE),
This patch adds a pair of parentheses in the declaration of PFN_FLAGS_MASK
to make sure that '~' is parsed as a unary operator by perf.
The part of the format that was problematic is now:
~(((u64) (~(~(((1UL) << 12)-1))))
Now, all the '~' are parsed as unary operators.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181021145939.8760-1-sebhtml@videotron.qc.ca
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boisvert <sebhtml@videotron.qc.ca>
Acked-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: "Tzvetomir Stoyanov (VMware)" <tz.stoyanov@gmail.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Elenie Godzaridis <arangradient@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kerenl.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Traceroute executed in a vrf succeeds if no device is given or if the
vrf is given as the device, but fails if the interface is given as the
device. This is for default UDP probes, it succeeds for TCP SYN or ICMP
ECHO probes. As the skb bound dev is the interface and the sk dev is
the vrf, sk lookup fails for ICMP_DEST_UNREACH and ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED
messages. The solution is for the secondary dev to be passed so that
the interface is available for the device match to succeed, in the same
way as is already done for non-error cases.
Signed-off-by: Mike Manning <mmanning@vyatta.att-mail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Based on RFC 4541, 2.1.1. IGMP Forwarding Rules
The switch supporting IGMP snooping must maintain a list of
multicast routers and the ports on which they are attached. This
list can be constructed in any combination of the following ways:
a) This list should be built by the snooping switch sending
Multicast Router Solicitation messages as described in IGMP
Multicast Router Discovery [MRDISC]. It may also snoop
Multicast Router Advertisement messages sent by and to other
nodes.
b) The arrival port for IGMP Queries (sent by multicast routers)
where the source address is not 0.0.0.0.
We should not add the port to router list when receives query with source
0.0.0.0.
Reported-by: Ying Xu <yinxu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nikolay Aleksandrov <nikolay@cumulusnetworks.com>
Acked-by: Roopa Prabhu <roopa@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The pointer to the link group is unset in the smc connection structure
right before the call to smc_buf_unuse. Provide the lgr pointer to
smc_buf_unuse explicitly.
And move the call to smc_lgr_schedule_free_work to the end of
smc_conn_free.
Fixes: a6920d1d13 ("net/smc: handle unregistered buffers")
Signed-off-by: Karsten Graul <kgraul@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ursula Braun <ubraun@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commit a61bbcf28a ("[NET]: Store skb->timestamp as offset to a base
timestamp") introduces a neighbour control buffer and zeroes it out in
ndisc_rcv(), as ndisc_recv_ns() uses it.
Commit f2776ff047 ("[IPV6]: Fix address/interface handling in UDP and
DCCP, according to the scoping architecture.") introduces the usage of the
IPv6 control buffer in protocol error handlers (e.g. inet6_iif() in
present-day __udp6_lib_err()).
Now, with commit b94f1c0904 ("ipv6: Use icmpv6_notify() to propagate
redirect, instead of rt6_redirect()."), we call protocol error handlers
from ndisc_redirect_rcv(), after the control buffer is already stolen and
some parts are already zeroed out. This implies that inet6_iif() on this
path will always return zero.
This gives unexpected results on UDP socket lookup in __udp6_lib_err(), as
we might actually need to match sockets for a given interface.
Instead of always claiming the control buffer in ndisc_rcv(), do that only
when needed.
Fixes: b94f1c0904 ("ipv6: Use icmpv6_notify() to propagate redirect, instead of rt6_redirect().")
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sabrina Dubroca <sd@queasysnail.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Such as:
fs/ocfs2/file.c: In function ‘ocfs2_file_write_iter’:
./arch/sparc/include/asm/cmpxchg_64.h:55:22: warning: value computed is not used [-Wunused-value]
#define xchg(ptr,x) ((__typeof__(*(ptr)))__xchg((unsigned long)(x),(ptr),sizeof(*(ptr))))
and
drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ixgbevf/ixgbevf_main.c: In function ‘ixgbevf_xdp_setup’:
./arch/sparc/include/asm/cmpxchg_64.h:55:22: warning: value computed is not used [-Wunused-value]
#define xchg(ptr,x) ((__typeof__(*(ptr)))__xchg((unsigned long)(x),(ptr),sizeof(*(ptr))))
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Some drivers reference it via node_distance(), for example the
NVME host driver core.
ERROR: "__node_distance" [drivers/nvme/host/nvme-core.ko] undefined!
make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.modpost:92: __modpost] Error 1
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Right now if we get a corrupted user stack frame we do a
do_exit(SIGILL) which is not helpful.
If under a debugger, this behavior causes the inferior process to
exit. So the register and other state cannot be examined at the time
of the event.
Instead, conditionally log a rate limited kernel log message and then
force a SIGSEGV.
With bits and ideas borrowed (as usual) from powerpc.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
