In x86_64, since v2.6.26 the KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE is changed to 512M, and
accordingly the MODULES_VADDR is changed to 0xffffffffa0000000. However,
in v3.12 Kees Cook introduced kaslr to randomise the location of kernel.
And the kernel text mapping addr space is enlarged from 512M to 1G. That
means now KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE is variable, its value is 512M when kaslr
support is not compiled in and 1G when kaslr support is compiled in.
Accordingly the MODULES_VADDR is changed too to be:
#define MODULES_VADDR (__START_KERNEL_map + KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE)
So when kaslr is compiled in and enabled, the kernel text mapping addr
space and modules vaddr space need be adjusted. Otherwise makedumpfile
will collapse since the addr for some symbols is not correct.
Hence KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE need be exported to vmcoreinfo and got in
makedumpfile to help calculate MODULES_VADDR.
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
People reported that crash_notes in /proc/vmcore were corrupted and this
cause crash kdump failure. With code debugging and log we got the root
cause. This is because percpu variable crash_notes are allocated in 2
vmalloc pages. Currently percpu is based on vmalloc by default. Vmalloc
can't guarantee 2 continuous vmalloc pages are also on 2 continuous
physical pages. So when 1st kernel exports the starting address and size
of crash_notes through sysfs like below:
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/crash_notes
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/crash_notes_size
kdump kernel use them to get the content of crash_notes. However the 2nd
part may not be in the next neighbouring physical page as we expected if
crash_notes are allocated accross 2 vmalloc pages. That's why
nhdr_ptr->n_namesz or nhdr_ptr->n_descsz could be very huge in
update_note_header_size_elf64() and cause note header merging failure or
some warnings.
In this patch change to call __alloc_percpu() to passed in the align value
by rounding crash_notes_size up to the nearest power of two. This makes
sure the crash_notes is allocated inside one physical page since
sizeof(note_buf_t) in all ARCHS is smaller than PAGE_SIZE. Meanwhile add
a BUILD_BUG_ON to break compile if size is bigger than PAGE_SIZE since
crash_notes definitely will be in 2 pages. That need be avoided, and need
be reported if it's unavoidable.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use correct comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Lisa Mitchell <lisa.mitchell@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Transforming PFN(Page Frame Number) to struct page is never failure, so we
can simplify the code logic to do the image->control_page assignment
directly in the loop, and remove the unnecessary conditional judgement.
Signed-off-by: Minfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are two kexec load syscalls, kexec_load another and kexec_file_load.
kexec_file_load has been splited as kernel/kexec_file.c. In this patch I
split kexec_load syscall code to kernel/kexec.c.
And add a new kconfig option KEXEC_CORE, so we can disable kexec_load and
use kexec_file_load only, or vice verse.
The original requirement is from Ted Ts'o, he want kexec kernel signature
being checked with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled. But kexec-tools use
kexec_load syscall can bypass the checking.
Vivek Goyal proposed to create a common kconfig option so user can compile
in only one syscall for loading kexec kernel. KEXEC/KEXEC_FILE selects
KEXEC_CORE so that old config files still work.
Because there's general code need CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE, so I updated all the
architecture Kconfig with a new option KEXEC_CORE, and let KEXEC selects
KEXEC_CORE in arch Kconfig. Also updated general kernel code with to
kexec_load syscall.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Split kexec_file syscall related code to another file kernel/kexec_file.c
so that the #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE in kexec.c can be dropped.
Sharing variables and functions are moved to kernel/kexec_internal.h per
suggestion from Vivek and Petr.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix bisectability]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: declare the various arch_kexec functions]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Instead of custom approach let's use recently introduced seq_hex_dump()
helper.
In one case it changes the output from
1111111122222222333333334444444455555555666666667777777788888888
to
11111111 22222222 33333333 44444444 55555555 66666666 77777777 88888888
though it seems it prints same data (by meaning) in both cases. I decide
to choose to use the space divided one.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Tadeusz Struk <tadeusz.struk@intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Tuchscherer <ingo.tuchscherer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Kondratiev <qca_vkondrat@qca.qualcomm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This introduces a new helper and switches current users to use it. All
patches are compiled tested. kmemleak is tested via its own test suite.
This patch (of 6):
The new seq_hex_dump() is a complete analogue of print_hex_dump().
We have few users of this functionality already. It allows to reduce their
codebase.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Tadeusz Struk <tadeusz.struk@intel.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Tuchscherer <ingo.tuchscherer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Kondratiev <qca_vkondrat@qca.qualcomm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On a filesystem like vfat, all files are created with the same owner
and mode independent of who created the file. When a vfat filesystem
is mounted with root as owner of all files and read access for everyone,
root's processes left world-readable coredumps on it (but other
users' processes only left empty corefiles when given write access
because of the uid mismatch).
Given that the old behavior was inconsistent and insecure, I don't see
a problem with changing it. Now, all processes refuse to dump core unless
the resulting corefile will only be readable by their owner.
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was possible for an attacking user to trick root (or another user) into
writing his coredumps into an attacker-readable, pre-existing file using
rename() or link(), causing the disclosure of secret data from the victim
process' virtual memory. Depending on the configuration, it was also
possible to trick root into overwriting system files with coredumps. Fix
that issue by never writing coredumps into existing files.
Requirements for the attack:
- The attack only applies if the victim's process has a nonzero
RLIMIT_CORE and is dumpable.
- The attacker can trick the victim into coredumping into an
attacker-writable directory D, either because the core_pattern is
relative and the victim's cwd is attacker-writable or because an
absolute core_pattern pointing to a world-writable directory is used.
- The attacker has one of these:
A: on a system with protected_hardlinks=0:
execute access to a folder containing a victim-owned,
attacker-readable file on the same partition as D, and the
victim-owned file will be deleted before the main part of the attack
takes place. (In practice, there are lots of files that fulfill
this condition, e.g. entries in Debian's /var/lib/dpkg/info/.)
This does not apply to most Linux systems because most distros set
protected_hardlinks=1.
B: on a system with protected_hardlinks=1:
execute access to a folder containing a victim-owned,
attacker-readable and attacker-writable file on the same partition
as D, and the victim-owned file will be deleted before the main part
of the attack takes place.
(This seems to be uncommon.)
C: on any system, independent of protected_hardlinks:
write access to a non-sticky folder containing a victim-owned,
attacker-readable file on the same partition as D
(This seems to be uncommon.)
The basic idea is that the attacker moves the victim-owned file to where
he expects the victim process to dump its core. The victim process dumps
its core into the existing file, and the attacker reads the coredump from
it.
If the attacker can't move the file because he does not have write access
to the containing directory, he can instead link the file to a directory
he controls, then wait for the original link to the file to be deleted
(because the kernel checks that the link count of the corefile is 1).
A less reliable variant that requires D to be non-sticky works with link()
and does not require deletion of the original link: link() the file into
D, but then unlink() it directly before the kernel performs the link count
check.
On systems with protected_hardlinks=0, this variant allows an attacker to
not only gain information from coredumps, but also clobber existing,
victim-writable files with coredumps. (This could theoretically lead to a
privilege escalation.)
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The UMH_WAIT_PROC handler runs in its own thread in order to make sure
that waiting for the exec kernel thread completion won't block other
usermodehelper queued jobs.
On older workqueue implementations, worklets couldn't sleep without
blocking the rest of the queue. But now the workqueue subsystem handles
that. Khelper still had the older limitation due to its singlethread
properties but we replaced it to system unbound workqueues.
Those are affine to the current node and can block up to some number of
instances.
They are a good candidate to handle UMH_WAIT_PROC assuming that we have
enough system unbound workers to handle lots of parallel usermodehelper
jobs.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We need to launch the usermodehelper kernel threads with the widest
affinity and this is partly why we use khelper. This workqueue has
unbound properties and thus a wide affinity inherited by all its children.
Now khelper also has special properties that we aren't much interested in:
ordered and singlethread. There is really no need about ordering as all
we do is creating kernel threads. This can be done concurrently. And
singlethread is a useless limitation as well.
The workqueue engine already proposes generic unbound workqueues that
don't share these useless properties and handle well parallel jobs.
The only worrysome specific is their affinity to the node of the current
CPU. It's fine for creating the usermodehelper kernel threads but those
inherit this affinity for longer jobs such as requesting modules.
This patch proposes to use these node affine unbound workqueues assuming
that a node is sufficient to handle several parallel usermodehelper
requests.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There seem to be quite some confusions on the comments, likely due to
changes that came after them.
Now since it's very non obvious why we have 3 levels of asynchronous code
to implement usermodehelpers, it's important to comment in detail the
reason of this layout.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Khelper is affine to all CPUs. Now since it creates the
call_usermodehelper_exec_[a]sync() kernel threads, those inherit the wide
affinity.
As such explicitly forcing a wide affinity from those kernel threads
is like a no-op.
Just remove it. It's needless and it breaks CPU isolation users who
rely on workqueue affinity tuning.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patchset does a bunch of cleanups and converts khelper to use system
unbound workqueues. The 3 first patches should be uncontroversial. The
last 2 patches are debatable.
Kmod creates kernel threads that perform userspace jobs and we want those
to have a large affinity in order not to contend busy CPUs. This is
(partly) why we use khelper which has a wide affinity that the kernel
threads it create can inherit from. Now khelper is a dedicated workqueue
that has singlethread properties which we aren't interested in.
Hence those two debatable changes:
_ We would like to use generic workqueues. System unbound workqueues are
a very good candidate but they are not wide affine, only node affine.
Now probably a node is enough to perform many parallel kmod jobs.
_ We would like to remove the wait_for_helper kernel thread (UMH_WAIT_PROC
handler) to use the workqueue. It means that if the workqueue blocks,
and no other worker can take pending kmod request, we can be screwed.
Now if we have 512 threads, this should be enough.
This patch (of 5):
Underscores on function names aren't much verbose to explain the purpose
of a function. And kmod has interesting such flavours.
Lets rename the following functions:
* __call_usermodehelper -> call_usermodehelper_exec_work
* ____call_usermodehelper -> call_usermodehelper_exec_async
* wait_for_helper -> call_usermodehelper_exec_sync
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If request_module() successfully runs modprobe, but modprobe exits with a
non-zero status, then the return value from request_module() will be that
(positive) error status. So the return from request_module can be:
negative errno
zero for success
positive exit code.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Cc: Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix B-tree corruption when a new record is inserted at position 0 in the
node in hfs_brec_insert().
This is an identical change to the corresponding hfs b-tree code to Sergei
Antonov's "hfsplus: fix B-tree corruption after insertion at position 0",
to keep similar code paths in the hfs and hfsplus drivers in sync, where
appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Hin-Tak Leung <htl10@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Sergei Antonov <saproj@gmail.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: Vyacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pages looked up by __hfs_bnode_create() (called by hfs_bnode_create() and
hfs_bnode_find() for finding or creating pages corresponding to an inode)
are immediately kmap()'ed and used (both read and write) and kunmap()'ed,
and should not be page_cache_release()'ed until hfs_bnode_free().
This patch fixes a problem I first saw in July 2012: merely running "du"
on a large hfsplus-mounted directory a few times on a reasonably loaded
system would get the hfsplus driver all confused and complaining about
B-tree inconsistencies, and generates a "BUG: Bad page state". Most
recently, I can generate this problem on up-to-date Fedora 22 with shipped
kernel 4.0.5, by running "du /" (="/" + "/home" + "/mnt" + other smaller
mounts) and "du /mnt" simultaneously on two windows, where /mnt is a
lightly-used QEMU VM image of the full Mac OS X 10.9:
$ df -i / /home /mnt
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/fedora-root 3276800 551665 2725135 17% /
/dev/mapper/fedora-home 52879360 716221 52163139 2% /home
/dev/nbd0p2 4294967295 1387818 4293579477 1% /mnt
After applying the patch, I was able to run "du /" (60+ times) and "du
/mnt" (150+ times) continuously and simultaneously for 6+ hours.
There are many reports of the hfsplus driver getting confused under load
and generating "BUG: Bad page state" or other similar issues over the
years. [1]
The unpatched code [2] has always been wrong since it entered the kernel
tree. The only reason why it gets away with it is that the
kmap/memcpy/kunmap follow very quickly after the page_cache_release() so
the kernel has not had a chance to reuse the memory for something else,
most of the time.
The current RW driver appears to have followed the design and development
of the earlier read-only hfsplus driver [3], where-by version 0.1 (Dec
2001) had a B-tree node-centric approach to
read_cache_page()/page_cache_release() per bnode_get()/bnode_put(),
migrating towards version 0.2 (June 2002) of caching and releasing pages
per inode extents. When the current RW code first entered the kernel [2]
in 2005, there was an REF_PAGES conditional (and "//" commented out code)
to switch between B-node centric paging to inode-centric paging. There
was a mistake with the direction of one of the REF_PAGES conditionals in
__hfs_bnode_create(). In a subsequent "remove debug code" commit [4], the
read_cache_page()/page_cache_release() per bnode_get()/bnode_put() were
removed, but a page_cache_release() was mistakenly left in (propagating
the "REF_PAGES <-> !REF_PAGE" mistake), and the commented-out
page_cache_release() in bnode_release() (which should be spanned by
!REF_PAGES) was never enabled.
References:
[1]:
Michael Fox, Apr 2013
http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg63807.html
("hfsplus volume suddenly inaccessable after 'hfs: recoff %d too large'")
Sasha Levin, Feb 2015
http://lkml.org/lkml/2015/2/20/85 ("use after free")
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/740814https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1027887https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42342https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=63841https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=78761
[2]:
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git/commit/\
fs/hfs/bnode.c?id=d1081202f1d0ee35ab0beb490da4b65d4bc763db
commit d1081202f1d0ee35ab0beb490da4b65d4bc763db
Author: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Date: Wed Feb 25 16:17:36 2004 -0800
[PATCH] HFS rewrite
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git/commit/\
fs/hfsplus/bnode.c?id=91556682e0bf004d98a529bf829d339abb98bbbd
commit 91556682e0bf004d98a529bf829d339abb98bbbd
Author: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Date: Wed Feb 25 16:17:48 2004 -0800
[PATCH] HFS+ support
[3]:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hfsplus/http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hfsplus/files/Linux%202.4.x%20patch/hfsplus%200.1/http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hfsplus/files/Linux%202.4.x%20patch/hfsplus%200.2/http://linux-hfsplus.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/linux-hfsplus/linux/\
fs/hfsplus/bnode.c?r1=1.4&r2=1.5
Date: Thu Jun 6 09:45:14 2002 +0000
Use buffer cache instead of page cache in bnode.c. Cache inode extents.
[4]:
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/\
stable/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=a5e3985fa014029eb6795664c704953720cc7f7d
commit a5e3985fa0
Author: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Date: Tue Sep 6 15:18:47 2005 -0700
[PATCH] hfs: remove debug code
Signed-off-by: Hin-Tak Leung <htl10@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Sergei Antonov <saproj@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Vyacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com>
Cc: Sougata Santra <sougata@tuxera.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dan Carpenter discovered a buffer overflow in the Coda file system
readlink code. A userspace file system daemon can return a 4096 byte
result which then triggers a one byte write past the allocated readlink
result buffer.
This does not trigger with an unmodified Coda implementation because Coda
has a 1024 byte limit for symbolic links, however other userspace file
systems using the Coda kernel module could be affected.
Although this is an obvious overflow, I don't think this has to be handled
as too sensitive from a security perspective because the overflow is on
the Coda userspace daemon side which already needs root to open Coda's
kernel device and to mount the file system before we get to the point that
links can be read.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
"CONST <comparison> variable" checks like:
if (NULL != foo)
and
while (0 < bar(...))
where a constant (or what appears to be a constant like an upper case
identifier) is on the left of a comparison are generally preferred to be
written using the constant on the right side like:
if (foo != NULL)
and
while (bar(...) > 0)
Add a test for this.
Add a --fix option too, but only do it when the code is immediately
surrounded by parentheses to avoid misfixing things like "(0 < bar() +
constant)"
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Nicolas Morey Chaisemartin <nmorey@kalray.eu>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
commit 61031952f4 ("arch, x86: pmem api for ensuring durability of
persistent memory updates") added a new __pmem annotation for sparse
verification. Add __pmem to the $Sparse variable so checkpatch can
appropriately ignore uses of this attribute too.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using checkpatch.pl with Perl 5.22.0 generates the following warning:
Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated, passed through in regex;
This patch fixes the warnings by escaping occurrences of the left brace
inside the regular expression.
Signed-off-by: Eddie Kovsky <ewk@edkovsky.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fixes: and Link: lines may exceed 75 chars in the commit log.
So too can stack dump and dmesg lines and lines that seem
like filenames.
And Fixes: lines don't need to have a "commit" prefix before the
commit id.
Add exceptions for these types of lines.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using 0x%d is wrong. Emit a message when it happens.
Miscellanea:
Improve the %Lu warning to match formats like %16Lu.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Making --strict the default for staging may help some people submit
patches without obvious defects.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some of the block comment tests that are used only for networking are
appropriate for all patches.
For example, these styles are not encouraged:
/*
block comment without introductory *
*/
and
/*
* block comment with line terminating */
Remove the networking specific test and add comments.
There are some infrequent false positives where code is lazily
commented out using /* and */ rather than using #if 0/#endif blocks
like:
/* case foo:
case bar: */
case baz:
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
commit 34d8815f95 ("checkpatch: add --showfile to allow input via pipe
to show filenames") broke the --emacs with --file option.
Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sergey Senozhatsky has modified several destroy functions that can
now be called with NULL values.
- kmem_cache_destroy()
- mempool_destroy()
- dma_pool_destroy()
Update checkpatch to warn when those functions are preceded by an if.
Update checkpatch to --fix all the calls too only when the code style
form is using leading tabs.
from:
if (foo)
<func>(foo);
to:
<func>(foo);
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Tested-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some really long declaration macros exist.
For instance;
DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO(exp_info);
and
DECLARE_DM_KCOPYD_THROTTLE_WITH_MODULE_PARM(name, description)
Increase the limit from 2 words to 6 after DECLARE/DEFINE uses.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many lines exist like
if (foo)
bar;
where the tabbed indentation of the branch is not one more than the "if"
line above it.
checkpatch should emit a warning on those lines.
Miscellenea:
o Remove comments from branch blocks
o Skip blank lines in block
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using BUG/BUG_ON crashes the kernel and is just unfriendly.
Enable code that emits a warning on BUG/BUG_ON use.
Make the code emit the message at WARNING level when scanning a patch and
at CHECK level when scanning files so that script users don't feel an
obligation to fix code that might be above their pay grade.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Tested-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit IDs should have commit descriptions too. Warn when a 12 to 40 byte
SHA-1 is used in commit logs.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In kmalloc_oob_krealloc_less, I think it is better to test
the size2 boundary.
If we do not call krealloc, the access of position size1 will still cause
out-of-bounds and access of position size2 does not. After call krealloc,
the access of position size2 cause out-of-bounds. So using size2 is more
correct.
Signed-off-by: Wang Long <long.wanglong@huawei.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To further clarify the purpose of the "esc" argument, rename it to "only"
to reflect that it is a limit, not a list of additional characters to
escape.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The esc argument is used to reduce which characters will be escaped. For
example, using " " with ESCAPE_SPACE will not produce any escaped spaces.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
print_hex_dump_debug() is likely supposed to be analogous to pr_debug() or
dev_dbg() & friends. Currently it will adhere to dynamic debug, but will
not stub out prints if CONFIG_DEBUG is not set. Let's make it do the
right thing, because I am tired of having my dmesg buffer full of hex
dumps on production systems.
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In __bitmap_parselist we can accept whitespaces on head or tail during
every parsing procedure. If input has valid ranges, there is no reason to
reject the user.
For example, bitmap_parselist(" 1-3, 5, ", &mask, nmaskbits). After
separating the string, we get " 1-3", " 5", and " ". It's possible and
reasonable to accept such string as long as the parsing result is correct.
Signed-off-by: Pan Xinhui <xinhuix.pan@intel.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If string end with '-', for exapmle, bitmap_parselist("1,0-",&mask,
nmaskbits), It is not in a valid pattern, so add a check after loop.
Return -EINVAL on such condition.
Signed-off-by: Pan Xinhui <xinhuix.pan@intel.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We can avoid in-loop incrementation of ndigits. Save current totaldigits
to ndigits before loop, and check ndigits against totaldigits after the
loop.
Signed-off-by: Pan Xinhui <xinhuix.pan@intel.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert from manual allocation/copy_from_user/... to kstrto*() family
which were designed for exactly that.
One case can not be converted to kstrto*_from_user() to make code even
more simpler because of whitespace stripping, oh well...
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
strtol(3) et al accept "-0", so should we.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Anil's email address bounces and he hasn't had a signoff
in over 5 years.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The other two implementations of pr_debug_ratelimited include pr_fmt,
along with every other pr_* function. But pr_debug_ratelimited forgot to
add it with the CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG implementation.
This patch unifies the behavior.
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit e0e817392b ("CRED: Add some configurable debugging [try #6]")
added the kdebug mechanism to this file back in 2009.
The kdebug macro calls no_printk which always evaluates arguments.
Most of the kdebug uses have an unnecessary call of
atomic_read(&cred->usage)
Make the kdebug macro do nothing by defining it with
do { if (0) no_printk(...); } while (0)
when not enabled.
$ size kernel/cred.o* (defconfig x86-64)
text data bss dec hex filename
2748 336 8 3092 c14 kernel/cred.o.new
2788 336 8 3132 c3c kernel/cred.o.old
Miscellanea:
o Neaten the #define kdebug macros while there
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
