Trying to walk all of virtual memory requires architecture specific
knowledge. On x86_64, addresses must be sign extended from bit 48,
whereas on arm64 the top VA_BITS of address space have their own set of
page tables.
clear_refs_write() calls walk_page_range() on the range 0 to ~0UL, it
provides a test_walk() callback that only expects to be walking over
VMAs. Currently walk_pmd_range() will skip memory regions that don't
have a VMA, reporting them as a hole.
As this call only expects to walk user address space, make it walk 0 to
'highest_vm_end'.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472655792-22439-1-git-send-email-james.morse@arm.com
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull namespace updates from Eric Biederman:
"This set of changes is a number of smaller things that have been
overlooked in other development cycles focused on more fundamental
change. The devpts changes are small things that were a distraction
until we managed to kill off DEVPTS_MULTPLE_INSTANCES. There is an
trivial regression fix to autofs for the unprivileged mount changes
that went in last cycle. A pair of ioctls has been added by Andrey
Vagin making it is possible to discover the relationships between
namespaces when referring to them through file descriptors.
The big user visible change is starting to add simple resource limits
to catch programs that misbehave. With namespaces in general and user
namespaces in particular allowing users to use more kinds of
resources, it has become important to have something to limit errant
programs. Because the purpose of these limits is to catch errant
programs the code needs to be inexpensive to use as it always on, and
the default limits need to be high enough that well behaved programs
on well behaved systems don't encounter them.
To this end, after some review I have implemented per user per user
namespace limits, and use them to limit the number of namespaces. The
limits being per user mean that one user can not exhause the limits of
another user. The limits being per user namespace allow contexts where
the limit is 0 and security conscious folks can remove from their
threat anlysis the code used to manage namespaces (as they have
historically done as it root only). At the same time the limits being
per user namespace allow other parts of the system to use namespaces.
Namespaces are increasingly being used in application sand boxing
scenarios so an all or nothing disable for the entire system for the
security conscious folks makes increasing use of these sandboxes
impossible.
There is also added a limit on the maximum number of mounts present in
a single mount namespace. It is nontrivial to guess what a reasonable
system wide limit on the number of mount structure in the kernel would
be, especially as it various based on how a system is using
containers. A limit on the number of mounts in a mount namespace
however is much easier to understand and set. In most cases in
practice only about 1000 mounts are used. Given that some autofs
scenarious have the potential to be 30,000 to 50,000 mounts I have set
the default limit for the number of mounts at 100,000 which is well
above every known set of users but low enough that the mount hash
tables don't degrade unreaonsably.
These limits are a start. I expect this estabilishes a pattern that
other limits for resources that namespaces use will follow. There has
been interest in making inotify event limits per user per user
namespace as well as interest expressed in making details about what
is going on in the kernel more visible"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (28 commits)
autofs: Fix automounts by using current_real_cred()->uid
mnt: Add a per mount namespace limit on the number of mounts
netns: move {inc,dec}_net_namespaces into #ifdef
nsfs: Simplify __ns_get_path
tools/testing: add a test to check nsfs ioctl-s
nsfs: add ioctl to get a parent namespace
nsfs: add ioctl to get an owning user namespace for ns file descriptor
kernel: add a helper to get an owning user namespace for a namespace
devpts: Change the owner of /dev/pts/ptmx to the mounter of /dev/pts
devpts: Remove sync_filesystems
devpts: Make devpts_kill_sb safe if fsi is NULL
devpts: Simplify devpts_mount by using mount_nodev
devpts: Move the creation of /dev/pts/ptmx into fill_super
devpts: Move parse_mount_options into fill_super
userns: When the per user per user namespace limit is reached return ENOSPC
userns; Document per user per user namespace limits.
mntns: Add a limit on the number of mount namespaces.
netns: Add a limit on the number of net namespaces
cgroupns: Add a limit on the number of cgroup namespaces
ipcns: Add a limit on the number of ipc namespaces
...
Pull networking updates from David Miller:
1) BBR TCP congestion control, from Neal Cardwell, Yuchung Cheng and
co. at Google. https://lwn.net/Articles/701165/
2) Do TCP Small Queues for retransmits, from Eric Dumazet.
3) Support collect_md mode for all IPV4 and IPV6 tunnels, from Alexei
Starovoitov.
4) Allow cls_flower to classify packets in ip tunnels, from Amir Vadai.
5) Support DSA tagging in older mv88e6xxx switches, from Andrew Lunn.
6) Support GMAC protocol in iwlwifi mwm, from Ayala Beker.
7) Support ndo_poll_controller in mlx5, from Calvin Owens.
8) Move VRF processing to an output hook and allow l3mdev to be
loopback, from David Ahern.
9) Support SOCK_DESTROY for UDP sockets. Also from David Ahern.
10) Congestion control in RXRPC, from David Howells.
11) Support geneve RX offload in ixgbe, from Emil Tantilov.
12) When hitting pressure for new incoming TCP data SKBs, perform a
partial rathern than a full purge of the OFO queue (which could be
huge). From Eric Dumazet.
13) Convert XFRM state and policy lookups to RCU, from Florian Westphal.
14) Support RX network flow classification to igb, from Gangfeng Huang.
15) Hardware offloading of eBPF in nfp driver, from Jakub Kicinski.
16) New skbmod packet action, from Jamal Hadi Salim.
17) Remove some inefficiencies in snmp proc output, from Jia He.
18) Add FIB notifications to properly propagate route changes to
hardware which is doing forwarding offloading. From Jiri Pirko.
19) New dsa driver for qca8xxx chips, from John Crispin.
20) Implement RFC7559 ipv6 router solicitation backoff, from Maciej
Żenczykowski.
21) Add L3 mode to ipvlan, from Mahesh Bandewar.
22) Support 802.1ad in mlx4, from Moshe Shemesh.
23) Support hardware LRO in mediatek driver, from Nelson Chang.
24) Add TC offloading to mlx5, from Or Gerlitz.
25) Convert various drivers to ethtool ksettings interfaces, from
Philippe Reynes.
26) TX max rate limiting for cxgb4, from Rahul Lakkireddy.
27) NAPI support for ath10k, from Rajkumar Manoharan.
28) Support XDP in mlx5, from Rana Shahout and Saeed Mahameed.
29) UDP replicast support in TIPC, from Richard Alpe.
30) Per-queue statistics for qed driver, from Sudarsana Reddy Kalluru.
31) Support BQL in thunderx driver, from Sunil Goutham.
32) TSO support in alx driver, from Tobias Regnery.
33) Add stream parser engine and use it in kcm.
34) Support async DHCP replies in ipconfig module, from Uwe
Kleine-König.
35) DSA port fast aging for mv88e6xxx driver, from Vivien Didelot.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1715 commits)
mlxsw: switchx2: Fix misuse of hard_header_len
mlxsw: spectrum: Fix misuse of hard_header_len
net/faraday: Stop NCSI device on shutdown
net/ncsi: Introduce ncsi_stop_dev()
net/ncsi: Rework the channel monitoring
net/ncsi: Allow to extend NCSI request properties
net/ncsi: Rework request index allocation
net/ncsi: Don't probe on the reserved channel ID (0x1f)
net/ncsi: Introduce NCSI_RESERVED_CHANNEL
net/ncsi: Avoid unused-value build warning from ia64-linux-gcc
net: Add netdev all_adj_list refcnt propagation to fix panic
net: phy: Add Edge-rate driver for Microsemi PHYs.
vmxnet3: Wake queue from reset work
i40e: avoid NULL pointer dereference and recursive errors on early PCI error
qed: Add RoCE ll2 & GSI support
qed: Add support for memory registeration verbs
qed: Add support for QP verbs
qed: PD,PKEY and CQ verb support
qed: Add support for RoCE hw init
qede: Add qedr framework
...
We hit hardened usercopy feature check for kernel text access by reading
kcore file:
usercopy: kernel memory exposure attempt detected from ffffffff8179a01f (<kernel text>) (4065 bytes)
kernel BUG at mm/usercopy.c:75!
Bypassing this check for kcore by adding bounce buffer for ktext data.
Reported-by: Steve Best <sbest@redhat.com>
Fixes: f5509cc18d ("mm: Hardened usercopy")
Suggested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Next patch adds bounce buffer for ktext area, so it's
convenient to have single bounce buffer for both
vmalloc/module and ktext cases.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Conflicts:
drivers/net/ethernet/mediatek/mtk_eth_soc.c
drivers/net/ethernet/qlogic/qed/qed_dcbx.c
drivers/net/phy/Kconfig
All conflicts were cases of overlapping commits.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Pull libnvdimm fixes from Dan Williams:
"nvdimm fixes for v4.8, two of them are tagged for -stable:
- Fix devm_memremap_pages() to use track_pfn_insert(). Otherwise,
DAX pmd mappings end up with an uncached pgprot, and unusable
performance for the device-dax interface. The device-dax interface
appeared in 4.7 so this is tagged for -stable.
- Fix a couple VM_BUG_ON() checks in the show_smaps() path to
understand DAX pmd entries. This fix is tagged for -stable.
- Fix a mis-merge of the nfit machine-check handler to flip the
polarity of an if() to match the final version of the patch that
Vishal sent for 4.8-rc1. Without this the nfit machine check
handler never detects / inserts new 'badblocks' entries which
applications use to identify lost portions of files.
- For test purposes, fix the nvdimm_clear_poison() path to operate on
legacy / simulated nvdimm memory ranges. Without this fix a test
can set badblocks, but never clear them on these ranges.
- Fix the range checking done by dax_dev_pmd_fault(). This is not
tagged for -stable since this problem is mitigated by specifying
aligned resources at device-dax setup time.
These patches have appeared in a next release over the past week. The
recent rebase you can see in the timestamps was to drop an invalid fix
as identified by the updated device-dax unit tests [1]. The -mm
touches have an ack from Andrew"
[1]: "[ndctl PATCH 0/3] device-dax test for recent kernel bugs"
https://lists.01.org/pipermail/linux-nvdimm/2016-September/006855.html
* 'libnvdimm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
libnvdimm: allow legacy (e820) pmem region to clear bad blocks
nfit, mce: Fix SPA matching logic in MCE handler
mm: fix cache mode of dax pmd mappings
mm: fix show_smap() for zone_device-pmd ranges
dax: fix mapping size check
Attempting to dump /proc/<pid>/smaps for a process with pmd dax mappings
currently results in the following VM_BUG_ONs:
kernel BUG at mm/huge_memory.c:1105!
task: ffff88045f16b140 task.stack: ffff88045be14000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81268f9b>] [<ffffffff81268f9b>] follow_trans_huge_pmd+0x2cb/0x340
[..]
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81306030>] smaps_pte_range+0xa0/0x4b0
[<ffffffff814c2755>] ? vsnprintf+0x255/0x4c0
[<ffffffff8123c46e>] __walk_page_range+0x1fe/0x4d0
[<ffffffff8123c8a2>] walk_page_vma+0x62/0x80
[<ffffffff81307656>] show_smap+0xa6/0x2b0
kernel BUG at fs/proc/task_mmu.c:585!
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81306469>] [<ffffffff81306469>] smaps_pte_range+0x499/0x4b0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff814c2795>] ? vsnprintf+0x255/0x4c0
[<ffffffff8123c46e>] __walk_page_range+0x1fe/0x4d0
[<ffffffff8123c8a2>] walk_page_vma+0x62/0x80
[<ffffffff81307696>] show_smap+0xa6/0x2b0
These locations are sanity checking page flags that must be set for an
anonymous transparent huge page, but are not set for the zone_device
pages associated with dax mappings.
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Pull audit fixes from Paul Moore:
"Two small patches to fix some bugs with the audit-by-executable
functionality we introduced back in v4.3 (both patches are marked
for the stable folks)"
* 'stable-4.8' of git://git.infradead.org/users/pcmoore/audit:
audit: fix exe_file access in audit_exe_compare
mm: introduce get_task_exe_file
For more convenient access if one has a pointer to the task.
As a minor nit take advantage of the fact that only task lock + rcu are
needed to safely grab ->exe_file. This saves mm refcount dance.
Use the helper in proc_exe_link.
Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mguzik@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.3.x
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
When printing call return addresses found on a stack, /proc/<pid>/stack
can sometimes give a confusing result. If the call instruction was the
last instruction in the function (which can happen when calling a
noreturn function), '%pS' will incorrectly display the name of the
function which happens to be next in the object code, rather than the
name of the actual calling function.
Use '%pB' instead, which was created for this exact purpose.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/47ad2821e5ebdbed1fbf83fb85424ae4fbdf8b6e.1471535549.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Minor overlapping changes for both merge conflicts.
Resolution work done by Stephen Rothwell was used
as a reference.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
If net namespace is attached to a user namespace let's make container's
root owner of sysctls affecting said network namespace instead of global
root.
This also allows us to clean up net_ctl_permissions() because we do not
need to fudge permissions anymore for the container's owner since it now
owns the objects in question.
Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There are certain parameters that belong to net namespace and that are
exported in /proc. They should be controllable by the container's owner,
but are currently owned by global root and thus not available.
Let's change proc code to inherit ownership of parent entry, and when
create per-ns "net" proc entry set it up as owned by container's owner.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
meminfo_proc_show() and si_mem_available() are using the wrong helpers
for calculating the size of the LRUs. The user-visible impact is that
there appears to be an abnormally high number of unevictable pages.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160805105805.GR2799@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Passing nsproxy into sysctl_table_root.lookup was a premature
optimization in attempt to avoid depending on current. The
directory /proc/self/sys has not appeared and if and when
it does this code will need to be reviewed closely and reworked
anyway. So remove the premature optimization.
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted cleanups and fixes.
In the "trivial API change" department - ->d_compare() losing 'parent'
argument"
* 'for-linus-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
cachefiles: Fix race between inactivating and culling a cache object
9p: use clone_fid()
9p: fix braino introduced in "9p: new helper - v9fs_parent_fid()"
vfs: make dentry_needs_remove_privs() internal
vfs: remove file_needs_remove_privs()
vfs: fix deadlock in file_remove_privs() on overlayfs
get rid of 'parent' argument of ->d_compare()
cifs, msdos, vfat, hfs+: don't bother with parent in ->d_compare()
affs ->d_compare(): don't bother with ->d_inode
fold _d_rehash() and __d_rehash() together
fold dentry_rcuwalk_invalidate() into its only remaining caller
Pull qstr constification updates from Al Viro:
"Fairly self-contained bunch - surprising lot of places passes struct
qstr * as an argument when const struct qstr * would suffice; it
complicates analysis for no good reason.
I'd prefer to feed that separately from the assorted fixes (those are
in #for-linus and with somewhat trickier topology)"
* 'work.const-qstr' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
qstr: constify instances in adfs
qstr: constify instances in lustre
qstr: constify instances in f2fs
qstr: constify instances in ext2
qstr: constify instances in vfat
qstr: constify instances in procfs
qstr: constify instances in fuse
qstr constify instances in fs/dcache.c
qstr: constify instances in nfs
qstr: constify instances in ocfs2
qstr: constify instances in autofs4
qstr: constify instances in hfs
qstr: constify instances in hfsplus
qstr: constify instances in logfs
qstr: constify dentry_init_security
With gcc < 4.2 (e.g. 4.1.2):
CC fs/proc/task_mmu.o
cc1: error: unrecognized command line option "-Wno-override-init"
To fix this, only enable the compiler option when it is actually
supported by the compiler.
Fixes: ca52953f5f ("fs/proc/task_mmu.c: suppress compilation warnings with W=1")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Suppress a bunch of warnings of the form:
fs/proc/task_mmu.c: In function 'show_smap_vma_flags':
fs/proc/task_mmu.c:635:22: warning: initialized field overwritten [-Wt override-init]
[ilog2(VM_READ)] = "rd",
^~~~
fs/proc/task_mmu.c:635:22: note: (near initialization for 'mnemonics[0]')
They happen because of the way we intentionally build the table, so
silence the warning when building with 'make W=1'.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8727.1470022083@turing-police.cc.vt.edu
Signed-off-by: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
/proc/stat shows (among lots of other things) the current boottime (i.e.
number of seconds since boot). While a 32-bit number is sufficient for
this particular case, we want to get rid of the 'struct timespec'
suffers from a 32-bit overflow in 2038.
This changes the code to use a struct timespec64, which is known to be
safe in all cases.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160617201247.2292101-1-arnd@arndb.de
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This was needed before to ensure that ->signal != 0 and do_each_thread()
is safe, see commit b95c35e76b ("oom: fix the unsafe usage of
badness() in proc_oom_score()") for details.
Today tsk->signal can't go away and for_each_thread(tsk) is always safe.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160608211921.GA15508@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull userns vfs updates from Eric Biederman:
"This tree contains some very long awaited work on generalizing the
user namespace support for mounting filesystems to include filesystems
with a backing store. The real world target is fuse but the goal is
to update the vfs to allow any filesystem to be supported. This
patchset is based on a lot of code review and testing to approach that
goal.
While looking at what is needed to support the fuse filesystem it
became clear that there were things like xattrs for security modules
that needed special treatment. That the resolution of those concerns
would not be fuse specific. That sorting out these general issues
made most sense at the generic level, where the right people could be
drawn into the conversation, and the issues could be solved for
everyone.
At a high level what this patchset does a couple of simple things:
- Add a user namespace owner (s_user_ns) to struct super_block.
- Teach the vfs to handle filesystem uids and gids not mapping into
to kuids and kgids and being reported as INVALID_UID and
INVALID_GID in vfs data structures.
By assigning a user namespace owner filesystems that are mounted with
only user namespace privilege can be detected. This allows security
modules and the like to know which mounts may not be trusted. This
also allows the set of uids and gids that are communicated to the
filesystem to be capped at the set of kuids and kgids that are in the
owning user namespace of the filesystem.
One of the crazier corner casees this handles is the case of inodes
whose i_uid or i_gid are not mapped into the vfs. Most of the code
simply doesn't care but it is easy to confuse the inode writeback path
so no operation that could cause an inode write-back is permitted for
such inodes (aka only reads are allowed).
This set of changes starts out by cleaning up the code paths involved
in user namespace permirted mounts. Then when things are clean enough
adds code that cleanly sets s_user_ns. Then additional restrictions
are added that are possible now that the filesystem superblock
contains owner information.
These changes should not affect anyone in practice, but there are some
parts of these restrictions that are changes in behavior.
- Andy's restriction on suid executables that does not honor the
suid bit when the path is from another mount namespace (think
/proc/[pid]/fd/) or when the filesystem was mounted by a less
privileged user.
- The replacement of the user namespace implicit setting of MNT_NODEV
with implicitly setting SB_I_NODEV on the filesystem superblock
instead.
Using SB_I_NODEV is a stronger form that happens to make this state
user invisible. The user visibility can be managed but it caused
problems when it was introduced from applications reasonably
expecting mount flags to be what they were set to.
There is a little bit of work remaining before it is safe to support
mounting filesystems with backing store in user namespaces, beyond
what is in this set of changes.
- Verifying the mounter has permission to read/write the block device
during mount.
- Teaching the integrity modules IMA and EVM to handle filesystems
mounted with only user namespace root and to reduce trust in their
security xattrs accordingly.
- Capturing the mounters credentials and using that for permission
checks in d_automount and the like. (Given that overlayfs already
does this, and we need the work in d_automount it make sense to
generalize this case).
Furthermore there are a few changes that are on the wishlist:
- Get all filesystems supporting posix acls using the generic posix
acls so that posix_acl_fix_xattr_from_user and
posix_acl_fix_xattr_to_user may be removed. [Maintainability]
- Reducing the permission checks in places such as remount to allow
the superblock owner to perform them.
- Allowing the superblock owner to chown files with unmapped uids and
gids to something that is mapped so the files may be treated
normally.
I am not considering even obvious relaxations of permission checks
until it is clear there are no more corner cases that need to be
locked down and handled generically.
Many thanks to Seth Forshee who kept this code alive, and putting up
with me rewriting substantial portions of what he did to handle more
corner cases, and for his diligent testing and reviewing of my
changes"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (30 commits)
fs: Call d_automount with the filesystems creds
fs: Update i_[ug]id_(read|write) to translate relative to s_user_ns
evm: Translate user/group ids relative to s_user_ns when computing HMAC
dquot: For now explicitly don't support filesystems outside of init_user_ns
quota: Handle quota data stored in s_user_ns in quota_setxquota
quota: Ensure qids map to the filesystem
vfs: Don't create inodes with a uid or gid unknown to the vfs
vfs: Don't modify inodes with a uid or gid unknown to the vfs
cred: Reject inodes with invalid ids in set_create_file_as()
fs: Check for invalid i_uid in may_follow_link()
vfs: Verify acls are valid within superblock's s_user_ns.
userns: Handle -1 in k[ug]id_has_mapping when !CONFIG_USER_NS
fs: Refuse uid/gid changes which don't map into s_user_ns
selinux: Add support for unprivileged mounts from user namespaces
Smack: Handle labels consistently in untrusted mounts
Smack: Add support for unprivileged mounts from user namespaces
fs: Treat foreign mounts as nosuid
fs: Limit file caps to the user namespace of the super block
userns: Remove the now unnecessary FS_USERNS_DEV_MOUNT flag
userns: Remove implicit MNT_NODEV fragility.
...
Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:
"The rest of MM"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (101 commits)
mm, compaction: simplify contended compaction handling
mm, compaction: introduce direct compaction priority
mm, thp: remove __GFP_NORETRY from khugepaged and madvised allocations
mm, page_alloc: make THP-specific decisions more generic
mm, page_alloc: restructure direct compaction handling in slowpath
mm, page_alloc: don't retry initial attempt in slowpath
mm, page_alloc: set alloc_flags only once in slowpath
lib/stackdepot.c: use __GFP_NOWARN for stack allocations
mm, kasan: switch SLUB to stackdepot, enable memory quarantine for SLUB
mm, kasan: account for object redzone in SLUB's nearest_obj()
mm: fix use-after-free if memory allocation failed in vma_adjust()
zsmalloc: Delete an unnecessary check before the function call "iput"
mm/memblock.c: fix index adjustment error in __next_mem_range_rev()
mem-hotplug: alloc new page from a nearest neighbor node when mem-offline
mm: optimize copy_page_to/from_iter_iovec
mm: add cond_resched() to generic_swapfile_activate()
Revert "mm, mempool: only set __GFP_NOMEMALLOC if there are free elements"
mm, compaction: don't isolate PageWriteback pages in MIGRATE_SYNC_LIGHT mode
mm: hwpoison: remove incorrect comments
make __section_nr() more efficient
...
Currently, NR_KERNEL_STACK tracks the number of kernel stacks in a zone.
This only makes sense if each kernel stack exists entirely in one zone,
and allowing vmapped stacks could break this assumption.
Since frv has THREAD_SIZE < PAGE_SIZE, we need to track kernel stack
allocations in a unit that divides both THREAD_SIZE and PAGE_SIZE on all
architectures. Keep it simple and use KiB.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/083c71e642c5fa5f1b6898902e1b2db7b48940d4.1468523549.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are now a number of accounting oddities such as mapped file pages
being accounted for on the node while the total number of file pages are
accounted on the zone. This can be coped with to some extent but it's
confusing so this patch moves the relevant file-based accounted. Due to
throttling logic in the page allocator for reliable OOM detection, it is
still necessary to track dirty and writeback pages on a per-zone basis.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING accounting]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468404004-5085-5-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-20-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
NR_FILE_PAGES is the number of file pages.
NR_FILE_MAPPED is the number of mapped file pages.
NR_ANON_PAGES is the number of mapped anon pages.
This is unhelpful naming as it's easy to confuse NR_FILE_MAPPED and
NR_ANON_PAGES for mapped pages. This patch renames NR_ANON_PAGES so we
have
NR_FILE_PAGES is the number of file pages.
NR_FILE_MAPPED is the number of mapped file pages.
NR_ANON_MAPPED is the number of mapped anon pages.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-19-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Reclaim makes decisions based on the number of pages that are mapped but
it's mixing node and zone information. Account NR_FILE_MAPPED and
NR_ANON_PAGES pages on the node.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-18-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oom_score_adj is shared for the thread groups (via struct signal) but this
is not sufficient to cover processes sharing mm (CLONE_VM without
CLONE_SIGHAND) and so we can easily end up in a situation when some
processes update their oom_score_adj and confuse the oom killer. In the
worst case some of those processes might hide from the oom killer
altogether via OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN while others are eligible. OOM killer
would then pick up those eligible but won't be allowed to kill others
sharing the same mm so the mm wouldn't release the mm and so the memory.
It would be ideal to have the oom_score_adj per mm_struct because that is
the natural entity OOM killer considers. But this will not work because
some programs are doing
vfork()
set_oom_adj()
exec()
We can achieve the same though. oom_score_adj write handler can set the
oom_score_adj for all processes sharing the same mm if the task is not in
the middle of vfork. As a result all the processes will share the same
oom_score_adj. The current implementation is rather pessimistic and
checks all the existing processes by default if there is more than 1
holder of the mm but we do not have any reliable way to check for external
users yet.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466426628-15074-5-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we have two proc interfaces to set oom_score_adj. The legacy
/proc/<pid>/oom_adj and /proc/<pid>/oom_score_adj which both have their
specific handlers. Big part of the logic is duplicated so extract the
common code into __set_oom_adj helper. Legacy knob still expects some
details slightly different so make sure those are handled same way - e.g.
the legacy mode ignores oom_score_adj_min and it warns about the usage.
This patch shouldn't introduce any functional changes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466426628-15074-4-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Oleg has pointed out that can simplify both oom_adj_{read,write} and
oom_score_adj_{read,write} even further and drop the sighand lock. The
main purpose of the lock was to protect p->signal from going away but this
will not happen since ea6d290ca3 ("signals: make task_struct->signal
immutable/refcountable").
The other role of the lock was to synchronize different writers,
especially those with CAP_SYS_RESOURCE. Introduce a mutex for this
purpose. Later patches will need this lock anyway.
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466426628-15074-3-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Series "Handle oom bypass more gracefully", V5
The following 10 patches should put some order to very rare cases of mm
shared between processes and make the paths which bypass the oom killer
oom reapable and therefore much more reliable finally. Even though mm
shared outside of thread group is rare (either vforked tasks for a short
period, use_mm by kernel threads or exotic thread model of
clone(CLONE_VM) without CLONE_SIGHAND) it is better to cover them. Not
only it makes the current oom killer logic quite hard to follow and
reason about it can lead to weird corner cases. E.g. it is possible to
select an oom victim which shares the mm with unkillable process or
bypass the oom killer even when other processes sharing the mm are still
alive and other weird cases.
Patch 1 drops bogus task_lock and mm check from oom_{score_}adj_write.
This can be considered a bug fix with a low impact as nobody has noticed
for years.
Patch 2 drops sighand lock because it is not needed anymore as pointed
by Oleg.
Patch 3 is a clean up of oom_score_adj handling and a preparatory work
for later patches.
Patch 4 enforces oom_adj_score to be consistent between processes
sharing the mm to behave consistently with the regular thread groups.
This can be considered a user visible behavior change because one thread
group updating oom_score_adj will affect others which share the same mm
via clone(CLONE_VM). I argue that this should be acceptable because we
already have the same behavior for threads in the same thread group and
sharing the mm without signal struct is just a different model of
threading. This is probably the most controversial part of the series,
I would like to find some consensus here. There were some suggestions
to hook some counter/oom_score_adj into the mm_struct but I feel that
this is not necessary right now and we can rely on proc handler +
oom_kill_process to DTRT. I can be convinced otherwise but I strongly
think that whatever we do the userspace has to have a way to see the
current oom priority as consistently as possible.
Patch 5 makes sure that no vforked task is selected if it is sharing the
mm with oom unkillable task.
Patch 6 ensures that all user tasks sharing the mm are killed which in
turn makes sure that all oom victims are oom reapable.
Patch 7 guarantees that task_will_free_mem will always imply reapable
bypass of the oom killer.
Patch 8 is new in this version and it addresses an issue pointed out by
0-day OOM report where an oom victim was reaped several times.
Patch 9 puts an upper bound on how many times oom_reaper tries to reap a
task and hides it from the oom killer to move on when no progress can be
made. This will give an upper bound to how long an oom_reapable task
can block the oom killer from selecting another victim if the oom_reaper
is not able to reap the victim.
Patch 10 tries to plug the (hopefully) last hole when we can still lock
up when the oom victim is shared with oom unkillable tasks (kthreads and
global init). We just try to be best effort in that case and rather
fallback to kill something else than risk a lockup.
This patch (of 10):
Both oom_adj_write and oom_score_adj_write are using task_lock, check for
task->mm and fail if it is NULL. This is not needed because the
oom_score_adj is per signal struct so we do not need mm at all. The code
has been introduced by 3d5992d2ac ("oom: add per-mm oom disable count")
but we do not do per-mm oom disable since c9f01245b6 ("oom: remove
oom_disable_count").
The task->mm check is even not correct because the current thread might
have exited but the thread group might be still alive - e.g. thread group
leader would lead that echo $VAL > /proc/pid/oom_score_adj would always
fail with EINVAL while /proc/pid/task/$other_tid/oom_score_adj would
succeed. This is unexpected at best.
Remove the lock along with the check to fix the unexpected behavior and
also because there is not real need for the lock in the first place.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466426628-15074-2-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This changes the vfs dentry hashing to mix in the parent pointer at the
_beginning_ of the hash, rather than at the end.
That actually improves both the hash and the code generation, because we
can move more of the computation to the "static" part of the dcache
setup, and do less at lookup runtime.
It turns out that a lot of other hash users also really wanted to mix in
a base pointer as a 'salt' for the hash, and so the slightly extended
interface ends up working well for other cases too.
Users that want a string hash that is purely about the string pass in a
'salt' pointer of NULL.
* merge branch 'salted-string-hash':
fs/dcache.c: Save one 32-bit multiply in dcache lookup
vfs: make the string hashes salt the hash
Let's add ShmemHugePages and ShmemPmdMapped fields into meminfo and
smaps. It indicates how many times we allocate and map shmem THP.
NR_ANON_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGES is renamed to NR_ANON_THPS.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-27-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce a function may_open_dev that tests MNT_NODEV and a new
superblock flab SB_I_NODEV. Use this new function in all of the
places where MNT_NODEV was previously tested.
Add the new SB_I_NODEV s_iflag to proc, sysfs, and mqueuefs as those
filesystems should never support device nodes, and a simple superblock
flags makes that very hard to get wrong. With SB_I_NODEV set if any
device nodes somehow manage to show up on on a filesystem those
device nodes will be unopenable.
Acked-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Move the call of get_pid_ns, the call of proc_parse_options, and
the setting of s_iflags into proc_fill_super so that mount_ns
can be used.
Convert proc_mount to call mount_ns and remove the now unnecessary
code.
Acked-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Djalal Harouni <tixxdz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Replace the call of fs_fully_visible in do_new_mount from before the
new superblock is allocated with a call of mount_too_revealing after
the superblock is allocated. This winds up being a much better location
for maintainability of the code.
The first change this enables is the replacement of FS_USERNS_VISIBLE
with SB_I_USERNS_VISIBLE. Moving the flag from struct filesystem_type
to sb_iflags on the superblock.
Unfortunately mount_too_revealing fundamentally needs to touch
mnt_flags adding several MNT_LOCKED_XXX flags at the appropriate
times. If the mnt_flags did not need to be touched the code
could be easily moved into the filesystem specific mount code.
Acked-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
We always mixed in the parent pointer into the dentry name hash, but we
did it late at lookup time. It turns out that we can simplify that
lookup-time action by salting the hash with the parent pointer early
instead of late.
A few other users of our string hashes also wanted to mix in their own
pointers into the hash, and those are updated to use the same mechanism.
Hash users that don't have any particular initial salt can just use the
NULL pointer as a no-salt.
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@sciencehorizons.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge filesystem stacking fixes from Jann Horn.
* emailed patches from Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>:
sched: panic on corrupted stack end
ecryptfs: forbid opening files without mmap handler
proc: prevent stacking filesystems on top
This prevents stacking filesystems (ecryptfs and overlayfs) from using
procfs as lower filesystem. There is too much magic going on inside
procfs, and there is no good reason to stack stuff on top of procfs.
(For example, procfs does access checks in VFS open handlers, and
ecryptfs by design calls open handlers from a kernel thread that doesn't
drop privileges or so.)
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CLEAR_REFS_MM_HIWATER_RSS and CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY are relying on
mmap_sem for write. If the waiting task gets killed by the oom killer
and it would operate on the current's mm it would block oom_reaper from
asynchronous address space reclaim and reduce the chances of timely OOM
resolving. Wait for the lock in the killable mode and return with EINTR
if the task got killed while waiting. This will also expedite the
return to the userspace and do_exit even if the mm is remote.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Cermak <petrcermak@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The PR_DUMPABLE flag causes the pid related paths of the proc file
system to be owned by ROOT.
The implementation of pthread_set/getname_np however needs access to
/proc/<pid>/task/<tid>/comm. If PR_DUMPABLE is false this
implementation is locked out.
This patch installs a special permission function for the file "comm"
that grants read and write access to all threads of the same group
regardless of the ownership of the inode. For all other threads the
function falls back to the generic inode permission check.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello in comment]
Signed-off-by: Janis Danisevskis <jdanis@google.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Minfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's not possible to read the process umask without also modifying it,
which is what umask(2) does. A library cannot read umask safely,
especially if the main program might be multithreaded.
Add a new status line ("Umask") in /proc/<PID>/status. It contains the
file mode creation mask (umask) in octal. It is only shown for tasks
which have task->fs.
This patch is adapted from one originally written by Pierre Carrier.
The use case is that we have endless trouble with people setting weird
umask() values (usually on the grounds of "security"), and then
everything breaking. I'm on the hook to fix these. We'd like to add
debugging to our program so we can dump out the umask in debug reports.
Previous versions of the patch used a syscall so you could only read
your own umask. That's all I need. However there was quite a lot of
push-back from those, so this new version exports it in /proc.
See:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/704 [umask2]
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/487 [getumask]
Signed-off-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pierre Carrier <pierre@spotify.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- fsnotify fix
- poll() timeout fix
- a few scripts/ tweaks
- debugobjects updates
- the (small) ocfs2 queue
- Minor fixes to kernel/padata.c
- Maybe half of the MM queue
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (117 commits)
mm, page_alloc: restore the original nodemask if the fast path allocation failed
mm, page_alloc: uninline the bad page part of check_new_page()
mm, page_alloc: don't duplicate code in free_pcp_prepare
mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of pages allocated from the PCP
mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of freed pages until a PCP drain
cpuset: use static key better and convert to new API
mm, page_alloc: inline pageblock lookup in page free fast paths
mm, page_alloc: remove unnecessary variable from free_pcppages_bulk
mm, page_alloc: pull out side effects from free_pages_check
mm, page_alloc: un-inline the bad part of free_pages_check
mm, page_alloc: check multiple page fields with a single branch
mm, page_alloc: remove field from alloc_context
mm, page_alloc: avoid looking up the first zone in a zonelist twice
mm, page_alloc: shortcut watermark checks for order-0 pages
mm, page_alloc: reduce cost of fair zone allocation policy retry
mm, page_alloc: shorten the page allocator fast path
mm, page_alloc: check once if a zone has isolated pageblocks
mm, page_alloc: move __GFP_HARDWALL modifications out of the fastpath
mm, page_alloc: simplify last cpupid reset
mm, page_alloc: remove unnecessary initialisation from __alloc_pages_nodemask()
...
Many developers already know that field for reference count of the
struct page is _count and atomic type. They would try to handle it
directly and this could break the purpose of page reference count
tracepoint. To prevent direct _count modification, this patch rename it
to _refcount and add warning message on the code. After that, developer
who need to handle reference count will find that field should not be
accessed directly.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comments, per Vlastimil]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Documentation/vm/transhuge.txt too]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: sync ethernet driver changes]
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Sunil Goutham <sgoutham@cavium.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Manish Chopra <manish.chopra@qlogic.com>
Cc: Yuval Mintz <yuval.mintz@qlogic.com>
Cc: Tariq Toukan <tariqt@mellanox.com>
Cc: Saeed Mahameed <saeedm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
