The Freescale ePAPR reference hypervisor provides interrupt controller
services via a hypercall interface, instead of emulating the MPIC
controller. This is called the VMPIC.
The ePAPR "virtual interrupt controller" provides interrupt controller
services for external interrupts. External interrupts received by a
partition can come from two sources:
- Hardware interrupts - hardware interrupts come from external
interrupt lines or on-chip I/O devices.
- Virtual interrupts - virtual interrupts are generated by the hypervisor
as part of some hypervisor service or hypervisor-created virtual device.
Both types of interrupts are processed using the same programming model and
same set of hypercalls.
Signed-off-by: Ashish Kalra <ashish.kalra@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch adds MSI support for 440SPe, 460Ex, 460Sx and 405Ex.
Signed-off-by: Rupjyoti Sarmah <rsarmah@apm.com>
Signed-off-by: Tirumala R Marri <tmarri@apm.com>
Acked-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
SCOM is a side-band configuration bus implemented on some processors.
This code provides a way for code to map and operate on devices via
SCOM, while the details of how that is implemented is left up to a
SCOM "controller" in the platform code.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This is a significant rework of the XICS driver, too significant to
conveniently break it up into a series of smaller patches to be honest.
The driver is moved to a more generic location to allow new platforms
to use it, and is broken up into separate ICP and ICS "backends". For
now we have the native and "hypervisor" ICP backends and one common
RTAS ICS backend.
The driver supports one ICP backend instanciation, and many ICS ones,
in order to accomodate future platforms with multiple possibly different
interrupt "sources" mechanisms.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
1. Add an option to include RapidIO support if the PCI is available.
2. Add FSL_RIO configuration option to enable controller selection.
3. Add RapidIO support option into x86 and MIPS architectures.
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Bounine <alexandre.bounine@idt.com>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Li Yang <leoli@freescale.com>
Cc: Thomas Moll <thomas.moll@sysgo.com>
Cc: Micha Nelissen <micha@neli.hopto.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add suspend/resume support for 4xx compatible CPUs.
See /sys/power/state for available power states configured in.
Add two different idle states (idle-wait and idle-doze) controlled via sysfs.
Default is idle-wait.
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/idle
[wait] doze
To save additional power, use idle-doze.
echo doze > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/idle
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/idle
wait [doze]
Signed-off-by: Victor Gallardo <vgallardo@apm.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
It adds cache-sram support in P1/P2 QorIQ platforms as under:
* A small abstraction over powerpc's remote heap allocator
* Exports mpc85xx_cache_sram_alloc()/free() APIs
* Supports only one contiguous SRAM window
* Drivers can do the following in Kconfig to use these APIs
"select FSL_85XX_CACHE_SRAM if MPC85xx"
* Required SRAM size and the offset where SRAM should be mapped must be
provided at kernel command line as :
cache-sram-size=<value>
cache-sram-offset=<offset>
Signed-off-by: Harninder Rai <harninder.rai@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Vivek Mahajan <vivek.mahajan@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Replace EXTRA_CFLAGS with ccflags-y and EXTRA_AFLAGS with asflags-y.
Signed-off-by: matt mooney <mfm@muteddisk.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch adds suspend/resume support for MPC8540 and MPC8641D-
compatible CPUs. To reach sleep state, we just write the SLP bit
into the PM control and status register.
So far we don't support Deep Sleep mode as found in newer MPC85xx
CPUs (i.e. MPC8536). It can be relatively easy implemented though,
and for it we reserve 'mem' suspend type.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Acked-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
So far, MPC512x used mpc512x_find_ips_freq() to get the bus frequency,
while MPC52xx used mpc52xx_find_ipb_freq(). Despite the different
clock names (IPS vs. IPB) the code was identical.
Use common code for both processor families.
Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Add the option to build the code under arch/powerpc with -Werror.
The intention is to make it harder for people to inadvertantly introduce
warnings in the arch/powerpc code. It needs to be configurable so that
if a warning is introduced, people can easily work around it while it's
being fixed.
The option is a negative, ie. don't enable -Werror, so that it will be
turned on for allyes and allmodconfig builds.
The default is n, in the hope that developers will build with -Werror,
that will probably lead to some build breaks, I am prepared to be flamed.
It's not enabled for math-emu, which is a steaming pile of warnings.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch adds support for the Xilinx plbv46-pci-1.03.a PCI host
bridge IPcore.
Signed-off-by: Roderick Colenbrander <thunderbird2k@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
The driver supports very simple GPIO controllers, that is, when a
controller provides just a 'data' register. Such controllers may be
found in various BCSRs (Board's FPGAs used to control board's
switches, LEDs, chip-selects, Ethernet/USB PHY power, etc).
So far we support only 1-byte GPIO banks. Support for other widths may
be implemented when/if needed.
p.s.
To avoid "made up" compatible entries (like compatible = "simple-gpio"),
boards must call simple_gpiochip_init() to pass the compatible string.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch adds support for the GPIO functions of PPC40x and PPC44x
SOCs.
Signed-off-by: Steve Falco <sfalco@harris.com>
Acked-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
Acked-by: Sean MacLennan <smaclennan@pikatech.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
There is an old workaround in the sysdev/Makefile for dealing
with arch/ppc vs. arch/powerpc compiles. This is no longer
needed as arch/ppc is dead.
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Structured similar to the existing QE GPIO support.
Signed-off-by: Peter Korsgaard <jacmet@sunsite.dk>
Acked-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
There are now two almost identical implementations of an MSI bitmap
allocator, one in mpic_msi.c and the other in fsl_msi.c.
Merge them together and put the result in msi_bitmap.c. Some of the
MPIC bits will remain to provide a nicer interface for the MPIC users.
In the process we fix two buglets. The first is that the allocation
routines, now msi_bitmap_alloc_hwirqs(), returned an unsigned result,
even though they use -1 to indicate allocation failure. Although all
the callers were checking correctly, it is much better for the routine
to just return an int. At least until someone wants > ~2 billion MSIs.
The second buglet is that the device tree reservation logic only
allowed power-of-two reservations. AFAICT that didn't effect any
existing code but it's nicer if we can reserve arbitrary irqs from MSI
use.
We also add some selftests, which exposed the two buglets and now test
for them, as well as some basic sanity tests. The tests are only built
when CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=y.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Now that arch/ppc is gone and CONFIG_PPC_MERGE is always set, remove
the dead code associated with !CONFIG_PPC_MERGE from arch/powerpc
and include/asm-powerpc.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This is very trivial patch. We're transitioning to the cpm_muram_*
calls. That's it.
Less trivial changes:
- BD_SC_* defines were defined in the cpm.h and qe.h, so to avoid redefines
we remove BD_SC from the qe.h and use cpm.h along with cpm_muram_*
prototypes;
- qe_muram_dump was unused and thus removed;
- added some code to the cpm_common.c to support legacy QE bindings
(data-only node name).
- For convenience, define qe_* calls to cpm_*. So drivers need not to be
changed.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
GTM stands for General-purpose Timers Module and able to generate
timer{1,2,3,4} interrupts. These timers are used by the drivers that
need time precise interrupts (like for USB transactions scheduling for
the Freescale USB Host controller as found in some QE and CPM chips),
or these timers could be used as wakeup events from the CPU deep-sleep
mode.
Things unimplemented:
1. Cascaded (32 bit) timers (1-2, 3-4).
This is straightforward to implement when needed, two timers should
be marked as "requested" and configured as appropriate.
2. Super-cascaded (64 bit) timers (1-2-3-4).
This is also straightforward to implement when needed, all timers
should be marked as "requested" and configured as appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This MSI driver can be used on 83xx/85xx/86xx board.
In this driver, virtual interrupt host and chip were
setup. There are 256 MSI interrupts in this host, Every 32
MSI interrupts cascaded to one IPIC/MPIC interrupt.
The chip was treated as edge sensitive and some necessary
functions were setup for this chip.
Before using the MSI interrupt, PCI/PCIE device need to
ask for a MSI interrupt in the 256 MSI interrupts. A 256bit
bitmap show which MSI interrupt was used, reserve bit in
the bitmap can be used to force the device use some designate
MSI interrupt in the 256 MSI interrupts. Sometimes this is useful
for testing the all the MSI interrupts. The msi-available-ranges
property in the dts file was used for this purpose.
Signed-off-by: Jason Jin <Jason.jin@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds a function to put a 6xx/7xx/7xxx/83xx family CPU into sleep
mode, and return after an interrupt has occurred. It expects to be
called with interrupts disabled, and returns with interrupts disabled.
Interrupts are enabled while the processor is asleep, but the interrupt
that wakes the processor is not handled; it is still pending when this
function returns.
Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Freescale UPM can be used to adjust localbus timings or to generate
orbitrary, pre-programmed "patterns" on the external Localbus signals.
This patch implements few routines so drivers could work with UPMs in
safe and generic manner.
So far there is just one user of these routines: Freescale UPM NAND
driver.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch adds support for the 256k L2 cache found on some IBM/AMCC
4xx PPC's. It introduces a common 4xx SoC file (sysdev/ppc4xx_soc.c)
which currently "only" adds the L2 cache init code. Other common 4xx
stuff can be added later here.
The L2 cache handling code is a copy of Eugene's code in arch/ppc
with small modifications.
Tested on AMCC Taishan 440GX.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Rename commproc.[ch] to cpm1.[ch] to be more consistent with cpm2. Also
rename cpm2_common.c to cpm2.c as suggested by Scott Wood. Adjust the
includes accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Jochen Friedrich <jochen@scram.de>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch extends the Ebony and Walnut platform code to instantiate
the existing ds1742 RTC class driver for the DS1743 RTC/NVRAM chip
found on both those boards. The patch uses a helper function to scan
the device tree and instantiate the appropriate platform_device based
on it, so it should be easy to extend for other boards which have mmio
mapped RTC chips.
Along with this, the device tree binding for the ds1743 chips is
tweaked, based on the existing DS1385 OF binding found at:
http://playground.sun.com/1275/proposals/Closed/Remanded/Accepted/346-it.txt
Although that document covers the NVRAM portion of the chip, whereas
here we're interested in the RTC portion, so it's not entirely clear
if that's a good model.
This implements only RTC class driver support - that is /dev/rtc0, not
/dev/rtc, and the low-level get/set time callbacks remain
unimplemented. That means in order to get at the clock you will
either need a modified version of hwclock which will look at
/dev/rtc0, or you'll need to configure udev to symlink rtc0 to rtc.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Do just enough to move the RapidIO support code for 85xx over from arch/ppc
into arch/powerpc and make it still build.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
IPIC is not just for 83xx anymore so make it a separate config option.
Signed-off-by: John Rigby <jrigby@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds base support code for the 4xx PCI-X bridge. It also provides
placeholders for the PCI and PCI-E version but they aren't supported
with this patch.
The bridges are configured based on device-tree properties.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Implement MSI support for PA Semi PWRficient platforms. MSI is done
through a special range of sources on the openpic controller, and they're
unfortunately breaking the usual concepts of how sources are programmed:
* The source is calculated as 512 + the value written into the MSI
register
* The vector for this source is added to the source and reported
through IACK
This means that for simplicity, it makes much more sense to just set the
vector to 0 for the source, since that's really the vector we expect to
see from IACK.
Also, the affinity/priority registers will affect 16 sources at a
time. To avoid most (simple) users from being limited by this, allocate
16 sources per device but use only one. This means that there's a total
of 32 sources.
If we get usage scenarions that need more sources, the allocator should
probably be revised to take an alignment argument and size, not just do
natural alignment.
Finally, since I'm already touching the MPIC names on pasemi, rename
the base one from the somewhat odd " PAS-OPIC " to "PASEMI-OPIC".
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This patch adds support for the core of the BestComm API
for the Freescale MPC5200(b). The BestComm engine is a
microcode-controlled / tasks-based DMA used by several
of the onchip devices.
Setting up the tasks / memory allocation and all common
low level functions are handled by this patch.
The specifics details of each tasks and their microcode
are split-out in separate patches.
This is not the official API, but a much cleaner one.
(hopefully)
Signed-off-by: Sylvain Munaut <tnt@246tNt.com>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
dcr.c is an arch/powerpc only thing. Compiling ppc405 arch/ppc kernels
throws warnings without this change.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
This code assumes that the ports have been previously set up, with
buffers in DPRAM.
Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
Acked-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Adds support for the Xilinx opb-intc interrupt controller
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
With these functions implemented we cooperate better with the generic
timekeeping code. This obsoletes the need for the timer sysdev as a bonus.
Signed-off-by: Tony Breeds <tony@bakeyournoodle.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Commit 69331af, "Fixes and cleanups for earlyprintk aka boot console",
resulted in printk output prior to the initialization of the mpsc
console driver not being printed. That commit causes the mpsc's
CON_PRINTBUFFER flag to be cleared since udbg should have printed
the previous output.
I guess we can no longer ignore udbg. :)
This patch provides udbg_putc() and udbg_getc() functions for the
Marvell mv64x60 chips. These functions are enabled if an mv64x60
port is to be used as the console as determined from the device tree.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Acked-by: Mark A. Greer <mgreer@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Move
arch/powerpc/platforms/86xx/pci.c -> arch/powerpc/sysdev/fsl_pci.c
arch/powerpc/sysdev/fsl_pcie.h -> arch/powerpc/sysdev/fsl_pci.h
as the base to unify 83xx/85xx/86xx pci and pcie.
Add CONFIG_FSL_PCI to build fsl_pci.c for Freescale pci and pcie option.
The code still works for 86xx platforms.
Signed-off-by: Roy Zang <tie-fei.zang@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
The Axon bridge chip used on new Cell/B.E. based blade servers
comes with a DDR2 memory controller that can be used to
attach cheap memory modules, as opposed to the high-speed
XDR memory that is used by the CPU itself.
Since the memory controller does not participate in the
cache coherency protocol, we can not use the memory direcly
for Linux applications, but by providing a block device
it can be used for swap space, temporary file storage and
through the use of the direct_access block device operation
for mapping into user addresses, when it is mounted with
an appropriate file system.
Signed-off-by: Maxim Shchetynin <maxim@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd.bergmann@de.ibm.com>
In order to use the RTC CMOS driver, each architecture must register a
platform device for the RTC.
This creates a function to register the platform device based on the RTC
device node and verifies that the RTC port against the hard-coded value
in asm/mc146818rtc.h.
Signed-off-by: Wade Farnsworth <wfarnsworth@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Remove errata for PCI-e support of Rev 1.0 of MPC8641 since its considered
obselete and is not production level silicon from Freescale.
Signed-off-by: Zhang Wei <wei.zhang@freescale.com>
Acked-by: Roy Zang <tie-fei.zang@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
There are times that we need to know which controller we are on to decide
how to exclude devices properly. We now pass the pci_controller that we
are going to use down to the pci_exclude_device function. This will
greatly simplify being able to exclude the PHBs in multiple controller
setups.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
With both generic rtc and powerpc timer suspend / resume code now in the
(powerpc.git) tree, powerpc platforms using the generic timer and enabling
power management will have timer.o linked in the kernel, which they don't
need. Moreover, it will likely WARN_ON(!ppc_md.get_rtc_time), save
zero-time and return no error on suspend...
As a possible solution we can choose not to build timer.o when RTC_CLASS
is enabled. However, I can imagine systems with 2 rtc's, one served by the
ppc-rtc, another one generic built as a module, in which case using the
ppc-rtc for suspend / resume will be impossible. Not to say, that such a
configuration would be ugly...
Signed-off-by: G. Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This patch adds PCI bridge support for the Marvell mv64x60 chip.
We also provide the ability to read/write the mv64x60 hotswap
register via sysfs if the hs_reg_valid property is set in the
device tree.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This patch creates platform_device entries for the Marvell mv64x60
MPSC (multi-protocol serial controller) ports, based on information
contained in the device tree.
This driver (like the other mv64x60 drivers) are unusual in that it
works on both the MIPS and PowerPC architectures. Because of that,
the drivers do not support the normal PowerPC of_platform_bus_type.
They support platform_bus_type instead.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
There are 3 interrupt groups each with its own status/mask registers.
We use a separate struct irq_chip for each interrupt group and handle
interrupts in two stages or levels: level 1 selects the appropriate
struct irq_chip, and level 2 selects individual interrupts within
that irq_chip.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
powerpc_flash_init() implements a broken way of probing for flash
devices supported by the physmap_of driver. It finds all nodes in the
device tree with device_type=="rom" and instantiates of_platform
devices for them. This is fundamentally incompatible with the normal
and correct way of probing for of_platform_bus_probe(). Platforms
which relied on powerpc_flash_init()s behaviour (none are in-tree)
will have to update their platform probing code to correctly probe
busses containing flash devices.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
MPIC U3/U4 MSI backend. Based on code from Segher, heavily hacked by me.
This only deals with MSI on U3/U4 MPICs, aka. CPC 9x5.
If we find a U3/U4 then we enable this backend, ie. take over the ppc_md
MSI hooks. We might need more elaborate logic in future to decide which
backend is enabled.
We need our own irq_chip so that we can do MSI masking/unmasking on
the device itself. We also need to mask explicitly on shutdown to make
sure we don't get bitten by lazy-disable semantics.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
To support MSI on MPIC we need a way to reserve and allocate hardware irq
numbers, this patch implements an allocator for that purpose.
New firmware platforms must define a "msi-available-ranges" property on their
MPIC node for MSI to work. For U3/U4 we do a best-guess setup.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This patch adds a driver to arch/powerpc/sysdev for the UIC, the
on-chip interrupt controller from IBM/AMCC 4xx chips. It uses the new
irq host mapping infrastructure.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This move sets the stage for the use of generic PCI Express
code in 85xx and 86xx parts from FSL. Subsequent patches
for 8548 and 8544 will be able to use this shared code.
Signed-off-by: Jon Loeliger <jdl@freescale.com>
Acked-by: Andy Fleming <afleming@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
