Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Unlike normal compat syscall variants, it is needed only for
biarch architectures that have different alignement requirements for
u64 in 32bit and 64bit ABI *and* have __put_user() that won't handle
a store of 64bit value at 32bit-aligned address. We used to have one
such (ia64), but its biarch support has been gone since 2010 (after
being broken in 2008, which went unnoticed since nobody had been using
it).
It had escaped removal at the same time only because back in 2004
a patch that switched several syscalls on amd64 from private wrappers to
generic compat ones had switched to use of compat_sys_getdents64(), which
hadn't needed (or used) a compat wrapper on amd64.
Let's bury it - it's at least 7 years overdue.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Don't use the same syscall numbers for 2 different syscalls:
534 x32 preadv compat_sys_preadv64
535 x32 pwritev compat_sys_pwritev64
534 x32 preadv2 compat_sys_preadv2
535 x32 pwritev2 compat_sys_pwritev2
Add compat_sys_preadv64v2() and compat_sys_pwritev64v2() so that 64-bit offset
is passed in one 64-bit register on x32, similar to compat_sys_preadv64()
and compat_sys_pwritev64().
Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAMe9rOovCMf-RQfx_n1U_Tu_DX1BYkjtFr%3DQ4-_PFVSj9BCzUA@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The preadv64/pwrite64 have been implemented for the x32 ABI, in order
to allow passing 64 bit arguments from user space without splitting
them into two 32 bit parameters, like it would be necessary for usual
compat tasks.
Howevert these two system calls are only being used for the x32 ABI,
so add __ARCH_WANT_COMPAT defines for these two compat syscalls and
make these two only visible for x86.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
For architecture dependent compat syscalls in common code an architecture
must define something like __ARCH_WANT_<WHATEVER> if it wants to use the
code.
This however is not true for compat_sys_getdents64 for which architectures
must define __ARCH_OMIT_COMPAT_SYS_GETDENTS64 if they do not want the code.
This leads to the situation where all architectures, except mips, get the
compat code but only x86_64, arm64 and the generic syscall architectures
actually use it.
So invert the logic, so that architectures actively must do something to
get the compat code.
This way a couple of architectures get rid of otherwise dead code.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_RT_SIGACTION,
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_RT_SIGSUSPEND,
__ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_SYS_RT_SIGSUSPEND,
__ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_SYS_SCHED_RR_GET_INTERVAL - not used anymore
CONFIG_GENERIC_{SIGALTSTACK,COMPAT_RT_SIG{ACTION,QUEUEINFO,PENDING,PROCMASK}} -
can be assumed always set.
Pull signal handling cleanups from Al Viro:
"sigaltstack infrastructure + conversion for x86, alpha and um,
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE infrastructure.
Note that there are several conflicts between "unify
SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions" and UAPI patches in mainline;
resolution is trivial - just remove definitions of SS_ONSTACK and
SS_DISABLED from arch/*/uapi/asm/signal.h; they are all identical and
include/uapi/linux/signal.h contains the unified variant."
Fixed up conflicts as per Al.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
alpha: switch to generic sigaltstack
new helpers: __save_altstack/__compat_save_altstack, switch x86 and um to those
generic compat_sys_sigaltstack()
introduce generic sys_sigaltstack(), switch x86 and um to it
new helper: compat_user_stack_pointer()
new helper: restore_altstack()
unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions
new helper: current_user_stack_pointer()
missing user_stack_pointer() instances
Bury the conditionals from kernel_thread/kernel_execve series
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE: infrastructure
All architectures have
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_THREAD
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_EXECVE
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_EXECVE
None of them have __ARCH_WANT_KERNEL_EXECVE and there are only two callers
of kernel_execve() (which is a trivial wrapper for do_execve() now) left.
Kill the conditionals and make both callers use do_execve().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
32bit wrapper is lost on that; 64bit one is *not*, since
we need to arrange for full pt_regs on stack when we call
sys_execve() and we need to load callee-saved ones from
there afterwards.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Rather than #define the options manually in the architecture code, add
Kconfig options for them and select them there instead. This also allows
us to select the compat IPC version parsing automatically for platforms
using the old compat IPC interface.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Check __LP64__ isn't a reliable way to tell if we are compiling for x32
since __LP64__ isnn't specified by x86-64 psABI. Not all x86-64
compilers define __LP64__, which was added to GCC 3.3. The updated x32
psABI:
https://sites.google.com/site/x32abi/documents
definse _ILP32 and __ILP32__ for x32. GCC trunk and 4.7 branch have
been updated to define _ILP32 and __ILP32__ for x32. This patch
replaces __LP64__ check with __ILP32__.
Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
x32 shares most system calls with x86-64, but unfortunately some
subsystem (the input subsystem is the chief offender) which require
is_compat() when operating with a 32-bit userspace. The input system
actually has text files in sysfs whose meaning is dependent on
sizeof(long) in userspace!
We could solve this by having two completely disjoint system call
tables; requiring that each system call be duplicated. This patch
takes a different approach: we add a flag to the system call number;
this flag doesn't affect the system call dispatch but requests compat
treatment from affected subsystems for the duration of the system call.
The change of cmpq to cmpl is safe since it immediately follows the
and.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Generate macros for the *kernel* code to use to refer to x32 system
calls. These have an __NR_x32_ prefix and do not include
__X32_SYSCALL_BIT.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Generate <asm/unistd_x32.h>; this exports x32 system call numbers to
user space.
[ v2: Enclose all arguments to syshdr in '' so empty arguments aren't
dropped on the floor. ]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
In checkin
303395ac3b x86: Generate system call tables and unistd_*.h from tables
the feature macros in <asm/unistd.h> were unified between 32 and 64
bits. Unfortunately 32 bits requires __ARCH_WANT_SYS_IPC and this was
inadvertently dropped.
Reported-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CALLzPKbeXN5gdngo8uYYU8mAow=XhrwBFBhKfG811f37BubQOg@mail.gmail.com
Generate system call tables and unistd_*.h automatically from the
tables in arch/x86/syscalls. All other information, like NR_syscalls,
is auto-generated, some of which is in asm-offsets_*.c.
This allows us to keep all the system call information in one place,
and allows for kernel space and user space to see different
information; this is currently used for the ia32 system call numbers
when building the 64-bit kernel, but will be used by the x32 ABI in
the near future.
This also removes some gratuitious differences between i386, x86-64
and ia32; in particular, now all system call tables are generated with
the same mechanism.
Cc: H. J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
