Recently we encountered OOM problems due to memory use of the GEM cache.
Generally a large amuont of Shmem/Tmpfs pages tend to create a memory
shortage problem.
We often use the following calculation to determine the amount of shmem
pages:
shmem = NR_ACTIVE_ANON + NR_INACTIVE_ANON - NR_ANON_PAGES
however the expression does not consider isolated and mlocked pages.
This patch adds explicit accounting for pages used by shmem and tmpfs.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The amount of memory allocated to kernel stacks can become significant and
cause OOM conditions. However, we do not display the amount of memory
consumed by stacks.
Add code to display the amount of memory used for stacks in /proc/meminfo.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is often useful to know the statistics for all pages that are handled
like page cache pages when looking at OOM log output.
Therefore show_free_areas() should also display buffer cache statistics.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
show_free_areas() displays only a limited amount of zone counters. This
patch includes additional counters in the display to allow easier
debugging. This may be especially useful if an OOM is due to running out
of DMA memory.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove some very outdated recommendations in Documentation/memory.txt
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If an OOM happens, we really want to know the number of remaining
reclaimable pages. So the reclaimable slab and unreclaimable slab fields
should not be combined for display.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I noticed that alloc_bootmem_huge_page() will only advance to the next
node on failure to allocate a huge page, potentially filling nodes with
huge-pages. I asked about this on linux-mm and linux-numa, cc'ing the
usual huge page suspects.
Mel Gorman responded:
I strongly suspect that the same node being used until allocation
failure instead of round-robin is an oversight and not deliberate
at all. It appears to be a side-effect of a fix made way back in
commit 63b4613c3f ["hugetlb: fix
hugepage allocation with memoryless nodes"]. Prior to that patch
it looked like allocations would always round-robin even when
allocation was successful.
This patch--factored out of my "hugetlb mempolicy" series--moves the
advance of the hstate next node from which to allocate up before the test
for success of the attempted allocation.
Note that alloc_bootmem_huge_page() is only used for order > MAX_ORDER
huge pages.
I'll post a separate patch for mainline/stable, as the above mentioned
"balance freeing" series renamed the next node to alloc function.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Attempt to clarify huge page administration and usage, and updates the
doucmentation to mention the balancing of huge pages across nodes when
allocating and freeing.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use the [modified] free_pool_huge_page() function to return unused
surplus pages. This will help keep huge pages balanced across nodes
between freeing of unused surplus pages and freeing of persistent huge
pages [from set_max_huge_pages] by using the same node id "cursor". It
also eliminates some code duplication.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Free huges pages from nodes in round robin fashion in an attempt to keep
[persistent a.k.a static] hugepages balanced across nodes
New function free_pool_huge_page() is modeled on and performs roughly the
inverse of alloc_fresh_huge_page(). Replaces dequeue_huge_page() which
now has no callers, so this patch removes it.
Helper function hstate_next_node_to_free() uses new hstate member
next_to_free_nid to distribute "frees" across all nodes with huge pages.
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Ummark function as having kernel-doc notation, fixing the kernel-doc
warning.
Warning(mm/page_alloc.c:4519): No description found for parameter 'zone'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In test, some pages in swap-cache can't be migrated, as they aren't rmap.
unmap_and_move() ignores swap-cache page which is just read in and hasn't
rmap (see the comments in the code), but swap_aops provides .migratepage.
Better to migrate such pages instead of ignore them.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To initialize hotadded node, some pages are allocated. At that time, the
node hasn't memory, this makes the allocation always fail. In such case,
let's allocate pages from other nodes.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pages on movable zone have two types, MIGRATE_MOVABLE and MIGRATE_RESERVE,
both them can be movable, because only movable memory allocation can get
pages from movable zone. This makes pages in movable zone always be able
to migrate.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pages marked as isolated should not be allocated again. If such pages
reside in pcp list, they can be allocated too, so there is a ping-pong
memory offline frees some pages to pcp list and the pages get allocated
and then memory offline frees them again, this loop will happen again and
again.
This should have no impact in normal code path, because in normal code
path, pages in pcp list aren't isolated, and below loop will break in the
first entry.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In my test, 128M memory is hot added, but zone's pcp batch is 0, which is
an obvious error. When pages are onlined, zone pcp should be updated
accordingly.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings]
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a cpuset's nodemask is updated, all attached tasks have their cached
task->mems_allowed updated by a heap instead of requiring an explicit call
to cpuset_update_task_memory_state(), which has since been removed in
58568d2a82 ("cpuset,mm: update tasks'
mems_allowed in time").
Remove the obsoleted comment from the page allocator.
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Acked-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make use of the compiler's typechecking on !CONFIG_SWAP as well.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
drivers/mfd/ab3100-core.c:647: error: ab3100_init_settings causes a section type conflict
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We added a new column in cpuX lines of /proc/stat, to show the amount of
time spent by a cpu servicing a guest, without updating
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In theory it could happen that on one CPU we initialize a new inode but
clearing of I_NEW | I_LOCK gets reordered before some of the
initialization. Thus on another CPU we return not fully uptodate inode
from iget_locked().
This seems to fix a corruption issue on ext3 mounted over NFS.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add some commentary]
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove myself as maintainer from the sdhci driver and steer people
towards the new MMC list for discussing it.
Signed-off-by: Pierre Ossman <pierre@ossman.eu>
Cc: <linux-mmc@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
alpha:
drivers/media/dvb/pt1/pt1.c: In function 'pt1_cleanup_tables':
drivers/media/dvb/pt1/pt1.c:422: error: implicit declaration of function 'vfree'
drivers/media/dvb/pt1/pt1.c: In function 'pt1_init_tables':
drivers/media/dvb/pt1/pt1.c:431: error: implicit declaration of function 'vmalloc'
drivers/media/dvb/pt1/pt1.c:431: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast
Acked-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This fixes two places in the powerpc perf_event (perf_counter) code
where 'list_entry' needs to be changed to 'group_entry', but were
missed in commit 65abc865 ("perf_counter: Rename list_entry ->
group_entry, counter_list -> group_list").
This also changes 'event' back to 'counter' in a couple of
contexts:
* Field and function names that deal with the limited-function
counters: it's really the hardware counters whose function is
limited, not the events that they count. Hence:
MAX_LIMITED_HWEVENTS -> MAX_LIMITED_HWCOUNTERS
limited_event -> limited_counter
freeze/thaw_limited_events -> freeze/thaw_limited_counters
* The machine-specific PMU description struct (struct power_pmu): this
renames 'n_event' back to 'n_counter' since it really describes how
many hardware counters the machine has. (Renaming this back avoids
a compile error in each of the machine-specific PMU back-ends where
they initialize their power_pmu struct.)
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <19128.4280.813369.589704@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Whether or not the sparse warning
warning: do-while statement is not a compound statement
is justified or not in this case, it is annoying and trivial to fix.
[vegard.nossum@gmail.com: title and cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Allow NFS v4 clients to seamlessly cross mount point without
have to set either the 'crossmnt' or the 'nohide' export
options.
Signed-Off-By: Steve Dickson <steved@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* 'perfcounters-rename-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
perf: Tidy up after the big rename
perf: Do the big rename: Performance Counters -> Performance Events
perf_counter: Rename 'event' to event_id/hw_event
perf_counter: Rename list_entry -> group_entry, counter_list -> group_list
Manually resolved some fairly trivial conflicts with the tracing tree in
include/trace/ftrace.h and kernel/trace/trace_syscalls.c.
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
rcu: Fix whitespace inconsistencies
rcu: Fix thinko, actually initialize full tree
rcu: Apply results of code inspection of kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
rcu: Add WARN_ON_ONCE() consistency checks covering state transitions
rcu: Fix synchronize_rcu() for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
rcu: Simplify rcu_read_unlock_special() quiescent-state accounting
rcu: Add debug checks to TREE_PREEMPT_RCU for premature grace periods
rcu: Kconfig help needs to say that TREE_PREEMPT_RCU scales down
rcutorture: Occasionally delay readers enough to make RCU force_quiescent_state
rcu: Initialize multi-level RCU grace periods holding locks
rcu: Need to update rnp->gpnum if preemptable RCU is to be reliable
* 'perfcounters-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
perf_counter, powerpc, sparc: Fix compilation after perf_counter_overflow() change
perf_counter: x86: Fix PMU resource leak
perf util: SVG performance improvements
perf util: Make the timechart SVG width dynamic
perf timechart: Show the duration of scheduler delays in the SVG
perf timechart: Show the name of the waker/wakee in timechart
* 'sched-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
sched: Simplify sys_sched_rr_get_interval() system call
sched: Fix potential NULL derference of doms_cur
sched: Fix raciness in runqueue_is_locked()
sched: Re-add lost cpu_allowed check to sched_fair.c::select_task_rq_fair()
sched: Remove unneeded indentation in sched_fair.c::place_entity()
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: Print the hypervisor returned tsc_khz during boot
x86: Correct segment permission flags in 64-bit linker script
x86: cpuinit-annotate SMP boot trampolines properly
x86: Increase timeout for EHCI debug port reset completion in early printk
x86: Fix uaccess_32.h typo
x86: Trivial whitespace cleanups
x86, apic: Fix missed handling of discrete apics
x86/i386: Remove duplicated #include
x86, mtrr: Convert loop to a while based construct, avoid naked semicolon
Revert 'x86: Fix system crash when loading with "reservetop" parameter'
x86, mce: Fix compile warning in case of CONFIG_SMP=n
x86, apic: Use logical flat on intel with <= 8 logical cpus
x86: SGI UV: Map MMIO-High memory range
x86: SGI UV: Add volatile semantics to macros that access chipset registers
x86: SGI UV: Fix IPI macros
x86: apic: Convert BUG() to BUG_ON()
x86: Remove final bits of CONFIG_X86_OLD_MCE
* 'writeback' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block:
nfs: initialize the backing_dev_info when creating the server
writeback: make balance_dirty_pages() gradually back more off
writeback: don't use schedule_timeout() without setting runstate
nfs: nfs_kill_super() should call bdi_unregister() after killing super
* 'linux-next' of git://git.infradead.org/ubi-2.6:
UBI: improve NOR flash erasure quirk
UBI: introduce flash dump helper
UBI: eliminate possible undefined behaviour
UBI: print a warning if too many PEBs are corrupted
UBI: amend NOR flash pre-erase quirk
UBI: print a message if ECH is corrupted and VIDH is ok
Some small updates, a caveat about the minorversion control interface,
and an attempt to put missing features in context.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
* 'drm-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6: (133 commits)
drm/vgaarb: add VGA arbitration support to the drm and kms.
drm/radeon: some r420s have a CP race with the DMA engine.
drm/radeon/r600/kms: rv670 is not DCE3
drm/radeon/kms: r420 idle after programming GA_ENHANCE
drm/radeon/kms: more fixes to rv770 suspend/resume path.
drm/radeon/kms: more alignment for rv770.c with r600.c
drm/radeon/kms: rv770 blit init called too late.
drm/radeon/kms: move around new init path code to avoid posting at init
drm/radeon/r600: fix some issues with suspend/resume.
drm/radeon/kms: disable VGA rendering engine before taking over VRAM
drm/radeon/kms: Move radeon_get_clock_info() call out of radeon_clocks_init().
drm/radeon/kms: add initial connector properties
drm/radeon/kms: Use surfaces for scanout / cursor byte swapping on big endian.
drm/radeon/kms: don't fail if we fail to init GPU acceleration
drm/r600/kms: fixup number of loops per blit calculation.
drm/radeon/kms: reprogram format in set base.
drm/radeon: avivo chips have no separate int bit for display
drm/radeon/r600: don't do interrupts
drm: fix _DRM_GEM addmap error message
drm: update crtc x/y when only fb changes
...
Fixed up trivial conflicts in firmware/Makefile due to network driver
(cxgb3) and drm (mga/r128/radeon) firmware being listed next to each
other.
The build of the dabusb driver broke:
drivers/media/video/dabusb.c:758: error: unknown field 'nodename' specified in initializer
drivers/media/video/dabusb.c:758: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
make[3]: *** wait: No child processes. Stop.
Due to this commit:
e454cea: Driver-Core: extend devnode callbacks to provide permissions
Missing the dabusb driver's dabusb_nodename() callback.
Similar issues with the iio/industrialio driver in staging, pointed out
and patched by Jean Delvare.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Industrialio-parts-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
NFS may free the server structure without ever having used the
bdi, so we either need to flag the bdi as being uninitialized or
initialize it up front. This does the latter.
This fixes a crash with mounting more than one NFS file system,
should people ever need that kind of obscure NFS functionality.
Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
