perf record: Add num-synthesize-threads option

To control degree of parallelism of the synthesize_mmap() code which
is scanning /proc/PID/task/PID/maps and can be time consuming.
Mimic perf top way of handling the option.
If not specified will default to 1 thread, i.e. default behavior before
this option.

On a desktop computer the processing of /proc/PID/task/PID/maps isn't
slow enough to warrant parallel processing and the thread creation has
some cost - hence the default of 1. On a loaded server with
>100 cores it is possible to see synthesis times in the order of
seconds and in this case having the option is desirable.

As the processing is a synchronization point, it is legitimate to worry if
Amdahl's law will apply to this patch. Profiling with this patch in
place:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200415054050.31645-4-irogers@google.com/
shows:
...
      - 32.59% __perf_event__synthesize_threads
         - 32.54% __event__synthesize_thread
            + 22.13% perf_event__synthesize_mmap_events
            + 6.68% perf_event__get_comm_ids.constprop.0
            + 1.49% process_synthesized_event
            + 1.29% __GI___readdir64
            + 0.60% __opendir
...
That is the processing is 1.49% of execution time and there is plenty to
make parallel. This is shown in the benchmark in this patch:

https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200415054050.31645-2-irogers@google.com/

  Computing performance of multi threaded perf event synthesis by
  synthesizing events on CPU 0:
   Number of synthesis threads: 1
     Average synthesis took: 127729.000 usec (+- 3372.880 usec)
     Average num. events: 21548.600 (+- 0.306)
     Average time per event 5.927 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 2
     Average synthesis took: 88863.500 usec (+- 385.168 usec)
     Average num. events: 21552.800 (+- 0.327)
     Average time per event 4.123 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 3
     Average synthesis took: 83257.400 usec (+- 348.617 usec)
     Average num. events: 21553.200 (+- 0.327)
     Average time per event 3.863 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 4
     Average synthesis took: 75093.000 usec (+- 422.978 usec)
     Average num. events: 21554.200 (+- 0.200)
     Average time per event 3.484 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 5
     Average synthesis took: 64896.600 usec (+- 353.348 usec)
     Average num. events: 21558.000 (+- 0.000)
     Average time per event 3.010 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 6
     Average synthesis took: 59210.200 usec (+- 342.890 usec)
     Average num. events: 21560.000 (+- 0.000)
     Average time per event 2.746 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 7
     Average synthesis took: 54093.900 usec (+- 306.247 usec)
     Average num. events: 21562.000 (+- 0.000)
     Average time per event 2.509 usec
   Number of synthesis threads: 8
     Average synthesis took: 48938.700 usec (+- 341.732 usec)
     Average num. events: 21564.000 (+- 0.000)
     Average time per event 2.269 usec

Where average time per synthesized event goes from 5.927 usec with 1
thread to 2.269 usec with 8. This isn't a linear speed up as not all of
synthesize code has been made parallel. If the synthesis time was about
10 seconds then using 8 threads may bring this down to less than 4.

Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexey Budankov <alexey.budankov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tony Jones <tonyj@suse.de>
Cc: yuzhoujian <yuzhoujian@didichuxing.com>
Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200422155038.9380-1-irogers@google.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

tools/perf/Documentation/perf-record.txt

@@ -596,6 +596,10 @@ Make a copy of /proc/kcore and place it into a directory with the perf data file
 Limit the sample data max size, <size> is expected to be a number with
 appended unit character - B/K/M/G
 
+--num-thread-synthesize::
+	The number of threads to run when synthesizing events for existing processes.
+	By default, the number of threads equals 1.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkperf:perf-stat[1], linkperf:perf-list[1], linkperf:perf-intel-pt[1]

tools/perf/builtin-record.c

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "util/time-utils.h"
 #include "util/units.h"
 #include "util/bpf-event.h"
+#include "util/util.h"
 #include "asm/bug.h"
 #include "perf.h"
 
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <poll.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <sched.h>
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -503,6 +505,20 @@ static int process_synthesized_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
 	return record__write(rec, NULL, event, event->header.size);
 }
 
+static int process_locked_synthesized_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
+				     union perf_event *event,
+				     struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused,
+				     struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
+{
+	static pthread_mutex_t synth_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+	int ret;
+
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&synth_lock);
+	ret = process_synthesized_event(tool, event, sample, machine);
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&synth_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int record__pushfn(struct mmap *map, void *to, void *bf, size_t size)
 {
 	struct record *rec = to;
@@ -1288,6 +1304,7 @@ static int record__synthesize(struct record *rec, bool tail)
 	struct perf_tool *tool = &rec->tool;
 	int fd = perf_data__fd(data);
 	int err = 0;
+	event_op f = process_synthesized_event;
 
 	if (rec->opts.tail_synthesize != tail)
 		return 0;
@@ -1402,9 +1419,18 @@ static int record__synthesize(struct record *rec, bool tail)
 	if (err < 0)
 		pr_warning("Couldn't synthesize cgroup events.\n");
 
+	if (rec->opts.nr_threads_synthesize > 1) {
+		perf_set_multithreaded();
+		f = process_locked_synthesized_event;
+	}
+
 	err = __machine__synthesize_threads(machine, tool, &opts->target, rec->evlist->core.threads,
-					    process_synthesized_event, opts->sample_address,
+					    f, opts->sample_address,
-					    1);
+					    rec->opts.nr_threads_synthesize);
+
+	if (rec->opts.nr_threads_synthesize > 1)
+		perf_set_singlethreaded();
+
 out:
 	return err;
 }
@@ -2232,6 +2258,7 @@ static struct record record = {
 			.default_per_cpu = true,
 		},
 		.mmap_flush          = MMAP_FLUSH_DEFAULT,
+		.nr_threads_synthesize = 1,
 	},
 	.tool = {
 		.sample		= process_sample_event,
@@ -2421,6 +2448,9 @@ static struct option __record_options[] = {
 #endif
 	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "max-size", &record.output_max_size,
 		     "size", "Limit the maximum size of the output file", parse_output_max_size),
+	OPT_UINTEGER(0, "num-thread-synthesize",
+		     &record.opts.nr_threads_synthesize,
+		     "number of threads to run for event synthesis"),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 

tools/perf/util/record.h

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ struct record_opts {
 	int	      affinity;
 	int	      mmap_flush;
 	unsigned int  comp_level;
+	unsigned int  nr_threads_synthesize;
 };
 
 extern const char * const *record_usage;