iomap: add support for sub-pagesize buffered I/O without buffer heads

After already supporting a simple implementation of buffered writes for
the blocksize == PAGE_SIZE case in the last commit this adds full support
even for smaller block sizes.   There are three bits of per-block
information in the buffer_head structure that really matter for the iomap
read and write path:

 - uptodate status (BH_uptodate)
 - marked as currently under read I/O (BH_Async_Read)
 - marked as currently under write I/O (BH_Async_Write)

Instead of having new per-block structures this now adds a per-page
structure called struct iomap_page to track this information in a slightly
different form:

 - a bitmap for the per-block uptodate status.  For worst case of a 64k
   page size system this bitmap needs to contain 128 bits.  For the
   typical 4k page size case it only needs 8 bits, although we still
   need a full unsigned long due to the way the atomic bitmap API works.
 - two atomic_t counters are used to track the outstanding read and write
   counts

There is quite a bit of boilerplate code as the buffered I/O path uses
various helper methods, but the actual code is very straight forward.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

fs/iomap.c

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/iomap.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/migrate.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h>
@@ -104,6 +105,138 @@ iomap_sector(struct iomap *iomap, loff_t pos)
 	return (iomap->addr + pos - iomap->offset) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
 }
 
+static struct iomap_page *
+iomap_page_create(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
+{
+	struct iomap_page *iop = to_iomap_page(page);
+
+	if (iop || i_blocksize(inode) == PAGE_SIZE)
+		return iop;
+
+	iop = kmalloc(sizeof(*iop), GFP_NOFS | __GFP_NOFAIL);
+	atomic_set(&iop->read_count, 0);
+	atomic_set(&iop->write_count, 0);
+	bitmap_zero(iop->uptodate, PAGE_SIZE / SECTOR_SIZE);
+	set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)iop);
+	SetPagePrivate(page);
+	return iop;
+}
+
+static void
+iomap_page_release(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct iomap_page *iop = to_iomap_page(page);
+
+	if (!iop)
+		return;
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&iop->read_count));
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&iop->write_count));
+	ClearPagePrivate(page);
+	set_page_private(page, 0);
+	kfree(iop);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the range inside the page that we actually need to read.
+ */
+static void
+iomap_adjust_read_range(struct inode *inode, struct iomap_page *iop,
+		loff_t *pos, loff_t length, unsigned *offp, unsigned *lenp)
+{
+	unsigned block_bits = inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned block_size = (1 << block_bits);
+	unsigned poff = *pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	unsigned plen = min_t(loff_t, PAGE_SIZE - poff, length);
+	unsigned first = poff >> block_bits;
+	unsigned last = (poff + plen - 1) >> block_bits;
+	unsigned end = (i_size_read(inode) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) >> block_bits;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the block size is smaller than the page size we need to check the
+	 * per-block uptodate status and adjust the offset and length if needed
+	 * to avoid reading in already uptodate ranges.
+	 */
+	if (iop) {
+		unsigned int i;
+
+		/* move forward for each leading block marked uptodate */
+		for (i = first; i <= last; i++) {
+			if (!test_bit(i, iop->uptodate))
+				break;
+			*pos += block_size;
+			poff += block_size;
+			plen -= block_size;
+			first++;
+		}
+
+		/* truncate len if we find any trailing uptodate block(s) */
+		for ( ; i <= last; i++) {
+			if (test_bit(i, iop->uptodate)) {
+				plen -= (last - i + 1) * block_size;
+				last = i - 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the extent spans the block that contains the i_size we need to
+	 * handle both halves separately so that we properly zero data in the
+	 * page cache for blocks that are entirely outside of i_size.
+	 */
+	if (first <= end && last > end)
+		plen -= (last - end) * block_size;
+
+	*offp = poff;
+	*lenp = plen;
+}
+
+static void
+iomap_set_range_uptodate(struct page *page, unsigned off, unsigned len)
+{
+	struct iomap_page *iop = to_iomap_page(page);
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	unsigned first = off >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned last = (off + len - 1) >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned int i;
+	bool uptodate = true;
+
+	if (iop) {
+		for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SIZE / i_blocksize(inode); i++) {
+			if (i >= first && i <= last)
+				set_bit(i, iop->uptodate);
+			else if (!test_bit(i, iop->uptodate))
+				uptodate = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (uptodate && !PageError(page))
+		SetPageUptodate(page);
+}
+
+static void
+iomap_read_finish(struct iomap_page *iop, struct page *page)
+{
+	if (!iop || atomic_dec_and_test(&iop->read_count))
+		unlock_page(page);
+}
+
+static void
+iomap_read_page_end_io(struct bio_vec *bvec, int error)
+{
+	struct page *page = bvec->bv_page;
+	struct iomap_page *iop = to_iomap_page(page);
+
+	if (unlikely(error)) {
+		ClearPageUptodate(page);
+		SetPageError(page);
+	} else {
+		iomap_set_range_uptodate(page, bvec->bv_offset, bvec->bv_len);
+	}
+
+	iomap_read_finish(iop, page);
+}
+
 static void
 iomap_read_inline_data(struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
 		struct iomap *iomap)
@@ -132,7 +265,7 @@ iomap_read_end_io(struct bio *bio)
 	int i;
 
 	bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, i)
-		page_endio(bvec->bv_page, false, error);
+		iomap_read_page_end_io(bvec, error);
 	bio_put(bio);
 }
 
@@ -150,9 +283,10 @@ iomap_readpage_actor(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length, void *data,
 {
 	struct iomap_readpage_ctx *ctx = data;
 	struct page *page = ctx->cur_page;
-	unsigned poff = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	struct iomap_page *iop = iomap_page_create(inode, page);
-	unsigned plen = min_t(loff_t, PAGE_SIZE - poff, length);
 	bool is_contig = false;
+	loff_t orig_pos = pos;
+	unsigned poff, plen;
 	sector_t sector;
 
 	if (iomap->type == IOMAP_INLINE) {
@@ -161,13 +295,14 @@ iomap_readpage_actor(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length, void *data,
 		return PAGE_SIZE;
 	}
 
-	/* we don't support blocksize < PAGE_SIZE quite yet. */
+	/* zero post-eof blocks as the page may be mapped */
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(pos != page_offset(page));
+	iomap_adjust_read_range(inode, iop, &pos, length, &poff, &plen);
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(plen != PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (plen == 0)
+		goto done;
 
 	if (iomap->type != IOMAP_MAPPED || pos >= i_size_read(inode)) {
 		zero_user(page, poff, plen);
-		SetPageUptodate(page);
+		iomap_set_range_uptodate(page, poff, plen);
 		goto done;
 	}
 
@@ -183,6 +318,14 @@ iomap_readpage_actor(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length, void *data,
 		is_contig = true;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * If we start a new segment we need to increase the read count, and we
+	 * need to do so before submitting any previous full bio to make sure
+	 * that we don't prematurely unlock the page.
+	 */
+	if (iop)
+		atomic_inc(&iop->read_count);
+
 	if (!ctx->bio || !is_contig || bio_full(ctx->bio)) {
 		gfp_t gfp = mapping_gfp_constraint(page->mapping, GFP_KERNEL);
 		int nr_vecs = (length + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
@@ -203,7 +346,13 @@ iomap_readpage_actor(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length, void *data,
 
 	__bio_add_page(ctx->bio, page, plen, poff);
 done:
-	return plen;
+	/*
+	 * Move the caller beyond our range so that it keeps making progress.
+	 * For that we have to include any leading non-uptodate ranges, but
+	 * we can skip trailing ones as they will be handled in the next
+	 * iteration.
+	 */
+	return pos - orig_pos + plen;
 }
 
 int
@@ -214,8 +363,6 @@ iomap_readpage(struct page *page, const struct iomap_ops *ops)
 	unsigned poff;
 	loff_t ret;
 
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(page_has_buffers(page));
-
 	for (poff = 0; poff < PAGE_SIZE; poff += ret) {
 		ret = iomap_apply(inode, page_offset(page) + poff,
 				PAGE_SIZE - poff, 0, ops, &ctx,
@@ -341,6 +488,84 @@ done:
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iomap_readpages);
 
+int
+iomap_is_partially_uptodate(struct page *page, unsigned long from,
+		unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct iomap_page *iop = to_iomap_page(page);
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	unsigned first = from >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned last = (from + count - 1) >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	if (iop) {
+		for (i = first; i <= last; i++)
+			if (!test_bit(i, iop->uptodate))
+				return 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iomap_is_partially_uptodate);
+
+int
+iomap_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask)
+{
+	/*
+	 * mm accommodates an old ext3 case where clean pages might not have had
+	 * the dirty bit cleared. Thus, it can send actual dirty pages to
+	 * ->releasepage() via shrink_active_list(), skip those here.
+	 */
+	if (PageDirty(page) || PageWriteback(page))
+		return 0;
+	iomap_page_release(page);
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iomap_releasepage);
+
+void
+iomap_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If we are invalidating the entire page, clear the dirty state from it
+	 * and release it to avoid unnecessary buildup of the LRU.
+	 */
+	if (offset == 0 && len == PAGE_SIZE) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(PageWriteback(page));
+		cancel_dirty_page(page);
+		iomap_page_release(page);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iomap_invalidatepage);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
+int
+iomap_migrate_page(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *newpage,
+		struct page *page, enum migrate_mode mode)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = migrate_page_move_mapping(mapping, newpage, page, NULL, mode, 0);
+	if (ret != MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (page_has_private(page)) {
+		ClearPagePrivate(page);
+		set_page_private(newpage, page_private(page));
+		set_page_private(page, 0);
+		SetPagePrivate(newpage);
+	}
+
+	if (mode != MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY)
+		migrate_page_copy(newpage, page);
+	else
+		migrate_page_states(newpage, page);
+	return MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iomap_migrate_page);
+#endif /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
+
 static void
 iomap_write_failed(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, unsigned len)
 {
@@ -364,6 +589,7 @@ iomap_read_page_sync(struct inode *inode, loff_t block_start, struct page *page,
 
 	if (iomap->type != IOMAP_MAPPED || block_start >= i_size_read(inode)) {
 		zero_user_segments(page, poff, from, to, poff + plen);
+		iomap_set_range_uptodate(page, poff, plen);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -379,21 +605,33 @@ static int
 __iomap_write_begin(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, unsigned len,
 		struct page *page, struct iomap *iomap)
 {
+	struct iomap_page *iop = iomap_page_create(inode, page);
 	loff_t block_size = i_blocksize(inode);
 	loff_t block_start = pos & ~(block_size - 1);
 	loff_t block_end = (pos + len + block_size - 1) & ~(block_size - 1);
-	unsigned poff = block_start & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	unsigned from = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1), to = from + len, poff, plen;
-	unsigned plen = min_t(loff_t, PAGE_SIZE - poff, block_end - block_start);
+	int status = 0;
-	unsigned from = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1), to = from + len;
-
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(i_blocksize(inode) < PAGE_SIZE);
 
 	if (PageUptodate(page))
 		return 0;
-	if (from <= poff && to >= poff + plen)
+
-		return 0;
+	do {
-	return iomap_read_page_sync(inode, block_start, page,
+		iomap_adjust_read_range(inode, iop, &block_start,
-			poff, plen, from, to, iomap);
+				block_end - block_start, &poff, &plen);
+		if (plen == 0)
+			break;
+
+		if ((from > poff && from < poff + plen) ||
+		    (to > poff && to < poff + plen)) {
+			status = iomap_read_page_sync(inode, block_start, page,
+					poff, plen, from, to, iomap);
+			if (status)
+				break;
+		}
+
+	} while ((block_start += plen) < block_end);
+
+	return status;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -476,7 +714,7 @@ __iomap_write_end(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, unsigned len,
 	if (unlikely(copied < len && !PageUptodate(page))) {
 		copied = 0;
 	} else {
-		SetPageUptodate(page);
+		iomap_set_range_uptodate(page, pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1), len);
 		iomap_set_page_dirty(page);
 	}
 	return __generic_write_end(inode, pos, copied, page);
@@ -812,7 +1050,7 @@ iomap_page_mkwrite_actor(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length,
 		block_commit_write(page, 0, length);
 	} else {
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageUptodate(page));
-		WARN_ON_ONCE(i_blocksize(inode) < PAGE_SIZE);
+		iomap_page_create(inode, page);
 	}
 
 	return length;

include/linux/iomap.h

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 #ifndef LINUX_IOMAP_H
 #define LINUX_IOMAP_H 1
 
+#include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <linux/bitmap.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
 
 struct address_space;
@@ -98,12 +101,40 @@ struct iomap_ops {
 			ssize_t written, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap);
 };
 
+/*
+ * Structure allocate for each page when block size < PAGE_SIZE to track
+ * sub-page uptodate status and I/O completions.
+ */
+struct iomap_page {
+	atomic_t		read_count;
+	atomic_t		write_count;
+	DECLARE_BITMAP(uptodate, PAGE_SIZE / 512);
+};
+
+static inline struct iomap_page *to_iomap_page(struct page *page)
+{
+	if (page_has_private(page))
+		return (struct iomap_page *)page_private(page);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 ssize_t iomap_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
 int iomap_readpage(struct page *page, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
 int iomap_readpages(struct address_space *mapping, struct list_head *pages,
 		unsigned nr_pages, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
 int iomap_set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
+int iomap_is_partially_uptodate(struct page *page, unsigned long from,
+		unsigned long count);
+int iomap_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
+void iomap_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
+		unsigned int len);
+#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
+int iomap_migrate_page(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *newpage,
+		struct page *page, enum migrate_mode mode);
+#else
+#define iomap_migrate_page NULL
+#endif
 int iomap_file_dirty(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,
 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
 int iomap_zero_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,