Documentation/gpu/amdgpu/amdgpu_dm: add DM docs for pixel blend mode

AMD GPU display manager (DM) maps DRM pixel blend modes (None,
Pre-multiplied, Coverage) to MPC hw blocks through blend configuration
options. Describe relevant elements and how to set and test them to get
the expected DRM blend mode on DCN hw.

v2:
- add ref tag (Tales)

Signed-off-by: Melissa Wen <mwen@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Tales Aparecida <tales.aparecida@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rodrigo Siqueira <Rodrigo.Siqueira@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Documentation/gpu/amdgpu/display/display-manager.rst

@@ -83,3 +83,101 @@ schemas.
 **DCN 3.0 family color caps and mapping**
 
 .. kernel-figure:: dcn3_cm_drm_current.svg
+
+Blend Mode Properties
+=====================
+
+Pixel blend mode is a DRM plane composition property of :c:type:`drm_plane` used to
+describes how pixels from a foreground plane (fg) are composited with the
+background plane (bg). Here, we present main concepts of DRM blend mode to help
+to understand how this property is mapped to AMD DC interface. See more about
+this DRM property and the alpha blending equations in :ref:`DRM Plane
+Composition Properties <plane_composition_properties>`.
+
+Basically, a blend mode sets the alpha blending equation for plane
+composition that fits the mode in which the alpha channel affects the state of
+pixel color values and, therefore, the resulted pixel color. For
+example, consider the following elements of the alpha blending equation:
+
+- *fg.rgb*: Each of the RGB component values from the foreground's pixel.
+- *fg.alpha*: Alpha component value from the foreground's pixel.
+- *bg.rgb*: Each of the RGB component values from the background.
+- *plane_alpha*: Plane alpha value set by the **plane "alpha" property**, see
+  more in :ref:`DRM Plane Composition Properties <plane_composition_properties>`.
+
+in the basic alpha blending equation::
+
+   out.rgb = alpha * fg.rgb + (1 - alpha) * bg.rgb
+
+the alpha channel value of each pixel in a plane is ignored and only the plane
+alpha affects the resulted pixel color values.
+
+DRM has three blend mode to define the blend formula in the plane composition:
+
+* **None**: Blend formula that ignores the pixel alpha.
+
+* **Pre-multiplied**: Blend formula that assumes the pixel color values in a
+  plane was already pre-multiplied by its own alpha channel before storage.
+
+* **Coverage**: Blend formula that assumes the pixel color values were not
+  pre-multiplied with the alpha channel values.
+
+and pre-multiplied is the default pixel blend mode, that means, when no blend
+mode property is created or defined, DRM considers the plane's pixels has
+pre-multiplied color values. On IGT GPU tools, the kms_plane_alpha_blend test
+provides a set of subtests to verify plane alpha and blend mode properties.
+
+The DRM blend mode and its elements are then mapped by AMDGPU display manager
+(DM) to program the blending configuration of the Multiple Pipe/Plane Combined
+(MPC), as follows:
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/display/dc/inc/hw/mpc.h
+   :doc: mpc-overview
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/display/dc/inc/hw/mpc.h
+   :functions: mpcc_blnd_cfg
+
+Therefore, the blending configuration for a single MPCC instance on the MPC
+tree is defined by :c:type:`mpcc_blnd_cfg`, where
+:c:type:`pre_multiplied_alpha` is the alpha pre-multiplied mode flag used to
+set :c:type:`MPCC_ALPHA_MULTIPLIED_MODE`. It controls whether alpha is
+multiplied (true/false), being only true for DRM pre-multiplied blend mode.
+:c:type:`mpcc_alpha_blend_mode` defines the alpha blend mode regarding pixel
+alpha and plane alpha values. It sets one of the three modes for
+:c:type:`MPCC_ALPHA_BLND_MODE`, as described below.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/display/dc/inc/hw/mpc.h
+   :functions: mpcc_alpha_blend_mode
+
+DM then maps the elements of `enum mpcc_alpha_blend_mode` to those in the DRM
+blend formula, as follows:
+
+* *MPC pixel alpha* matches *DRM fg.alpha* as the alpha component value
+  from the plane's pixel
+* *MPC global alpha* matches *DRM plane_alpha* when the pixel alpha should
+  be ignored and, therefore, pixel values are not pre-multiplied
+* *MPC global gain* assumes *MPC global alpha* value when both *DRM
+  fg.alpha* and *DRM plane_alpha* participate in the blend equation
+
+In short, *fg.alpha* is ignored by selecting
+:c:type:`MPCC_ALPHA_BLEND_MODE_GLOBAL_ALPHA`. On the other hand, (plane_alpha *
+fg.alpha) component becomes available by selecting
+:c:type:`MPCC_ALPHA_BLEND_MODE_PER_PIXEL_ALPHA_COMBINED_GLOBAL_GAIN`. And the
+:c:type:`MPCC_ALPHA_MULTIPLIED_MODE` defines if the pixel color values are
+pre-multiplied by alpha or not.
+
+Blend configuration flow
+------------------------
+
+The alpha blending equation is configured from DRM to DC interface by the
+following path:
+
+1. When updating a :c:type:`drm_plane_state <drm_plane_state>`, DM calls
+   :c:type:`fill_blending_from_plane_state()` that maps
+   :c:type:`drm_plane_state <drm_plane_state>` attributes to
+   :c:type:`dc_plane_info <dc_plane_info>` struct to be handled in the
+   OS-agnostic component (DC).
+
+2. On DC interface, :c:type:`struct mpcc_blnd_cfg <mpcc_blnd_cfg>` programs the
+   MPCC blend configuration considering the :c:type:`dc_plane_info
+   <dc_plane_info>` input from DPP.

Documentation/gpu/drm-kms.rst

@@ -532,6 +532,8 @@ Standard Plane Properties
 .. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/drm/drm_plane.c
    :doc: standard plane properties
 
+.. _plane_composition_properties:
+
 Plane Composition Properties
 ----------------------------