linux/kernel/locking/qrwlock.c

150 lines
4.0 KiB
C
Raw Normal View History

/*
* Queued read/write locks
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* (C) Copyright 2013-2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
*
* Authors: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com>
*/
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <asm/qrwlock.h>
locking/qrwlock: Don't contend with readers when setting _QW_WAITING The current cmpxchg() loop in setting the _QW_WAITING flag for writers in queue_write_lock_slowpath() will contend with incoming readers causing possibly extra cmpxchg() operations that are wasteful. This patch changes the code to do a byte cmpxchg() to eliminate contention with new readers. A multithreaded microbenchmark running 5M read_lock/write_lock loop on a 8-socket 80-core Westmere-EX machine running 4.0 based kernel with the qspinlock patch have the following execution times (in ms) with and without the patch: With R:W ratio = 5:1 Threads w/o patch with patch % change ------- --------- ---------- -------- 2 990 895 -9.6% 3 2136 1912 -10.5% 4 3166 2830 -10.6% 5 3953 3629 -8.2% 6 4628 4405 -4.8% 7 5344 5197 -2.8% 8 6065 6004 -1.0% 9 6826 6811 -0.2% 10 7599 7599 0.0% 15 9757 9766 +0.1% 20 13767 13817 +0.4% With small number of contending threads, this patch can improve locking performance by up to 10%. With more contending threads, however, the gain diminishes. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1433863153-30722-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-09 15:19:13 +00:00
/*
* This internal data structure is used for optimizing access to some of
* the subfields within the atomic_t cnts.
*/
struct __qrwlock {
union {
atomic_t cnts;
struct {
#ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN
u8 wmode; /* Writer mode */
u8 rcnts[3]; /* Reader counts */
#else
u8 rcnts[3]; /* Reader counts */
u8 wmode; /* Writer mode */
#endif
};
};
arch_spinlock_t lock;
};
/**
* rspin_until_writer_unlock - inc reader count & spin until writer is gone
* @lock : Pointer to queue rwlock structure
* @writer: Current queue rwlock writer status byte
*
* In interrupt context or at the head of the queue, the reader will just
* increment the reader count & wait until the writer releases the lock.
*/
static __always_inline void
rspin_until_writer_unlock(struct qrwlock *lock, u32 cnts)
{
while ((cnts & _QW_WMASK) == _QW_LOCKED) {
cpu_relax();
cnts = atomic_read_acquire(&lock->cnts);
}
}
/**
* queued_read_lock_slowpath - acquire read lock of a queue rwlock
* @lock: Pointer to queue rwlock structure
locking/qrwlock: Better optimization for interrupt context readers The qrwlock is fair in the process context, but becoming unfair when in the interrupt context to support use cases like the tasklist_lock. The current code isn't that well-documented on what happens when in the interrupt context. The rspin_until_writer_unlock() will only spin if the writer has gotten the lock. If the writer is still in the waiting state, the increment in the reader count will cause the writer to remain in the waiting state and the new interrupt context reader will get the lock and return immediately. The current code, however, does an additional read of the lock value which is not necessary as the information has already been there in the fast path. This may sometime cause an additional cacheline transfer when the lock is highly contended. This patch passes the lock value information gotten in the fast path to the slow path to eliminate the additional read. It also documents the action for the interrupt context readers more clearly. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1434729002-57724-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-19 15:50:01 +00:00
* @cnts: Current qrwlock lock value
*/
locking/qrwlock: Better optimization for interrupt context readers The qrwlock is fair in the process context, but becoming unfair when in the interrupt context to support use cases like the tasklist_lock. The current code isn't that well-documented on what happens when in the interrupt context. The rspin_until_writer_unlock() will only spin if the writer has gotten the lock. If the writer is still in the waiting state, the increment in the reader count will cause the writer to remain in the waiting state and the new interrupt context reader will get the lock and return immediately. The current code, however, does an additional read of the lock value which is not necessary as the information has already been there in the fast path. This may sometime cause an additional cacheline transfer when the lock is highly contended. This patch passes the lock value information gotten in the fast path to the slow path to eliminate the additional read. It also documents the action for the interrupt context readers more clearly. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1434729002-57724-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-19 15:50:01 +00:00
void queued_read_lock_slowpath(struct qrwlock *lock, u32 cnts)
{
/*
* Readers come here when they cannot get the lock without waiting
*/
if (unlikely(in_interrupt())) {
/*
locking/qrwlock: Better optimization for interrupt context readers The qrwlock is fair in the process context, but becoming unfair when in the interrupt context to support use cases like the tasklist_lock. The current code isn't that well-documented on what happens when in the interrupt context. The rspin_until_writer_unlock() will only spin if the writer has gotten the lock. If the writer is still in the waiting state, the increment in the reader count will cause the writer to remain in the waiting state and the new interrupt context reader will get the lock and return immediately. The current code, however, does an additional read of the lock value which is not necessary as the information has already been there in the fast path. This may sometime cause an additional cacheline transfer when the lock is highly contended. This patch passes the lock value information gotten in the fast path to the slow path to eliminate the additional read. It also documents the action for the interrupt context readers more clearly. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1434729002-57724-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-19 15:50:01 +00:00
* Readers in interrupt context will get the lock immediately
* if the writer is just waiting (not holding the lock yet).
* The rspin_until_writer_unlock() function returns immediately
* in this case. Otherwise, they will spin (with ACQUIRE
* semantics) until the lock is available without waiting in
* the queue.
*/
rspin_until_writer_unlock(lock, cnts);
return;
}
atomic_sub(_QR_BIAS, &lock->cnts);
/*
* Put the reader into the wait queue
*/
arch_spin_lock(&lock->wait_lock);
/*
* The ACQUIRE semantics of the following spinning code ensure
* that accesses can't leak upwards out of our subsequent critical
* section in the case that the lock is currently held for write.
*/
cnts = atomic_fetch_add_acquire(_QR_BIAS, &lock->cnts);
rspin_until_writer_unlock(lock, cnts);
/*
* Signal the next one in queue to become queue head
*/
arch_spin_unlock(&lock->wait_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(queued_read_lock_slowpath);
/**
* queued_write_lock_slowpath - acquire write lock of a queue rwlock
* @lock : Pointer to queue rwlock structure
*/
void queued_write_lock_slowpath(struct qrwlock *lock)
{
u32 cnts;
/* Put the writer into the wait queue */
arch_spin_lock(&lock->wait_lock);
/* Try to acquire the lock directly if no reader is present */
if (!atomic_read(&lock->cnts) &&
(atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&lock->cnts, 0, _QW_LOCKED) == 0))
goto unlock;
/*
* Set the waiting flag to notify readers that a writer is pending,
* or wait for a previous writer to go away.
*/
for (;;) {
locking/qrwlock: Don't contend with readers when setting _QW_WAITING The current cmpxchg() loop in setting the _QW_WAITING flag for writers in queue_write_lock_slowpath() will contend with incoming readers causing possibly extra cmpxchg() operations that are wasteful. This patch changes the code to do a byte cmpxchg() to eliminate contention with new readers. A multithreaded microbenchmark running 5M read_lock/write_lock loop on a 8-socket 80-core Westmere-EX machine running 4.0 based kernel with the qspinlock patch have the following execution times (in ms) with and without the patch: With R:W ratio = 5:1 Threads w/o patch with patch % change ------- --------- ---------- -------- 2 990 895 -9.6% 3 2136 1912 -10.5% 4 3166 2830 -10.6% 5 3953 3629 -8.2% 6 4628 4405 -4.8% 7 5344 5197 -2.8% 8 6065 6004 -1.0% 9 6826 6811 -0.2% 10 7599 7599 0.0% 15 9757 9766 +0.1% 20 13767 13817 +0.4% With small number of contending threads, this patch can improve locking performance by up to 10%. With more contending threads, however, the gain diminishes. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1433863153-30722-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-09 15:19:13 +00:00
struct __qrwlock *l = (struct __qrwlock *)lock;
if (!READ_ONCE(l->wmode) &&
(cmpxchg_relaxed(&l->wmode, 0, _QW_WAITING) == 0))
break;
cpu_relax();
}
/* When no more readers, set the locked flag */
for (;;) {
cnts = atomic_read(&lock->cnts);
if ((cnts == _QW_WAITING) &&
(atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&lock->cnts, _QW_WAITING,
_QW_LOCKED) == _QW_WAITING))
break;
cpu_relax();
}
unlock:
arch_spin_unlock(&lock->wait_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(queued_write_lock_slowpath);