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This work contains a lightweight BPF-based traffic classifier that can
serve as a flexible alternative to ematch-based tree classification, i.e.
now that BPF filter engine can also be JITed in the kernel. Naturally, tc
actions and policies are supported as well with cls_bpf. Multiple BPF
programs/filter can be attached for a class, or they can just as well be
written within a single BPF program, that's really up to the user how he
wishes to run/optimize the code, e.g. also for inversion of verdicts etc.
The notion of a BPF program's return/exit codes is being kept as follows:
0: No match
-1: Select classid given in "tc filter ..." command
else: flowid, overwrite the default one
As a minimal usage example with iproute2, we use a 3 band prio root qdisc
on a router with sfq each as leave, and assign ssh and icmp bpf-based
filters to band 1, http traffic to band 2 and the rest to band 3. For the
first two bands we load the bytecode from a file, in the 2nd we load it
inline as an example:
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable
tc qdisc del dev em1 root
tc qdisc add dev em1 root handle 1: prio bands 3 priomap 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:1 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:2 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:3 sfq perturb 16
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/ssh.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/icmp.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/http.bpf flowid 1:2
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode "`bpfc -f tc -i misc.ops`" flowid 1:3
BPF programs can be easily created and passed to tc, either as inline
'bytecode' or 'bytecode-file'. There are a couple of front-ends that can
compile opcodes, for example:
1) People familiar with tcpdump-like filters:
tcpdump -iem1 -ddd port 22 | tr '\n' ',' > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf
2) People that want to low-level program their filters or use BPF
extensions that lack support by libpcap's compiler:
bpfc -f tc -i ssh.ops > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf
ssh.ops example code:
ldh [12]
jne #0x800, drop
ldb [23]
jneq #6, drop
ldh [20]
jset #0x1fff, drop
ldxb 4 * ([14] & 0xf)
ldh [%x + 14]
jeq #0x16, pass
ldh [%x + 16]
jne #0x16, drop
pass: ret #-1
drop: ret #0
It was chosen to load bytecode into tc, since the reverse operation,
tc filter list dev em1, is then able to show the exact commands again.
Possible follow-up work could also include a small expression compiler
for iproute2. Tested with the help of bmon. This idea came up during
the Netfilter Workshop 2013 in Copenhagen. Also thanks to feedback from
Eric Dumazet!
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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|---|---|---|
| .. | ||
| act_api.c | ||
| act_csum.c | ||
| act_gact.c | ||
| act_ipt.c | ||
| act_mirred.c | ||
| act_nat.c | ||
| act_pedit.c | ||
| act_police.c | ||
| act_simple.c | ||
| act_skbedit.c | ||
| cls_api.c | ||
| cls_basic.c | ||
| cls_bpf.c | ||
| cls_cgroup.c | ||
| cls_flow.c | ||
| cls_fw.c | ||
| cls_route.c | ||
| cls_rsvp6.c | ||
| cls_rsvp.c | ||
| cls_rsvp.h | ||
| cls_tcindex.c | ||
| cls_u32.c | ||
| em_canid.c | ||
| em_cmp.c | ||
| em_ipset.c | ||
| em_meta.c | ||
| em_nbyte.c | ||
| em_text.c | ||
| em_u32.c | ||
| ematch.c | ||
| Kconfig | ||
| Makefile | ||
| sch_api.c | ||
| sch_atm.c | ||
| sch_blackhole.c | ||
| sch_cbq.c | ||
| sch_choke.c | ||
| sch_codel.c | ||
| sch_drr.c | ||
| sch_dsmark.c | ||
| sch_fifo.c | ||
| sch_fq_codel.c | ||
| sch_fq.c | ||
| sch_generic.c | ||
| sch_gred.c | ||
| sch_hfsc.c | ||
| sch_htb.c | ||
| sch_ingress.c | ||
| sch_mq.c | ||
| sch_mqprio.c | ||
| sch_multiq.c | ||
| sch_netem.c | ||
| sch_plug.c | ||
| sch_prio.c | ||
| sch_qfq.c | ||
| sch_red.c | ||
| sch_sfb.c | ||
| sch_sfq.c | ||
| sch_tbf.c | ||
| sch_teql.c | ||