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d35099d3c6
linux/mm/Kconfig
Linus Torvalds fbc90c042c - 875fa64577da ("mm/hugetlb_vmemmap: fix race with speculative PFN 
walkers") is known to cause a performance regression
   (https://lore.kernel.org/all/3acefad9-96e5-4681-8014-827d6be71c7a@linux.ibm.com/T/#mfa809800a7862fb5bdf834c6f71a3a5113eb83ff).
   Yu has a fix which I'll send along later via the hotfixes branch.
 
 - In the series "mm: Avoid possible overflows in dirty throttling" Jan
   Kara addresses a couple of issues in the writeback throttling code.
   These fixes are also targetted at -stable kernels.
 
 - Ryusuke Konishi's series "nilfs2: fix potential issues related to
   reserved inodes" does that.  This should actually be in the
   mm-nonmm-stable tree, along with the many other nilfs2 patches.  My bad.
 
 - More folio conversions from Kefeng Wang in the series "mm: convert to
   folio_alloc_mpol()"
 
 - Kemeng Shi has sent some cleanups to the writeback code in the series
   "Add helper functions to remove repeated code and improve readability of
   cgroup writeback"
 
 - Kairui Song has made the swap code a little smaller and a little
   faster in the series "mm/swap: clean up and optimize swap cache index".
 
 - In the series "mm/memory: cleanly support zeropage in
   vm_insert_page*(), vm_map_pages*() and vmf_insert_mixed()" David
   Hildenbrand has reworked the rather sketchy handling of the use of the
   zeropage in MAP_SHARED mappings.  I don't see any runtime effects here -
   more a cleanup/understandability/maintainablity thing.
 
 - Dev Jain has improved selftests/mm/va_high_addr_switch.c's handling of
   higher addresses, for aarch64.  The (poorly named) series is
   "Restructure va_high_addr_switch".
 
 - The core TLB handling code gets some cleanups and possible slight
   optimizations in Bang Li's series "Add update_mmu_tlb_range() to
   simplify code".
 
 - Jane Chu has improved the handling of our
   fake-an-unrecoverable-memory-error testing feature MADV_HWPOISON in the
   series "Enhance soft hwpoison handling and injection".
 
 - Jeff Johnson has sent a billion patches everywhere to add
   MODULE_DESCRIPTION() to everything.  Some landed in this pull.
 
 - In the series "mm: cleanup MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode", Kefeng Wang has
   simplified migration's use of hardware-offload memory copying.
 
 - Yosry Ahmed performs more folio API conversions in his series "mm:
   zswap: trivial folio conversions".
 
 - In the series "large folios swap-in: handle refault cases first",
   Chuanhua Han inches us forward in the handling of large pages in the
   swap code.  This is a cleanup and optimization, working toward the end
   objective of full support of large folio swapin/out.
 
 - In the series "mm,swap: cleanup VMA based swap readahead window
   calculation", Huang Ying has contributed some cleanups and a possible
   fixlet to his VMA based swap readahead code.
 
 - In the series "add mTHP support for anonymous shmem" Baolin Wang has
   taught anonymous shmem mappings to use multisize THP.  By default this
   is a no-op - users must opt in vis sysfs controls.  Dramatic
   improvements in pagefault latency are realized.
 
 - David Hildenbrand has some cleanups to our remaining use of
   page_mapcount() in the series "fs/proc: move page_mapcount() to
   fs/proc/internal.h".
 
 - David also has some highmem accounting cleanups in the series
   "mm/highmem: don't track highmem pages manually".
 
 - Build-time fixes and cleanups from John Hubbard in the series
   "cleanups, fixes, and progress towards avoiding "make headers"".
 
 - Cleanups and consolidation of the core pagemap handling from Barry
   Song in the series "mm: introduce pmd|pte_needs_soft_dirty_wp helpers
   and utilize them".
 
 - Lance Yang's series "Reclaim lazyfree THP without splitting" has
   reduced the latency of the reclaim of pmd-mapped THPs under fairly
   common circumstances.  A 10x speedup is seen in a microbenchmark.
 
   It does this by punting to aother CPU but I guess that's a win unless
   all CPUs are pegged.
 
 - hugetlb_cgroup cleanups from Xiu Jianfeng in the series
   "mm/hugetlb_cgroup: rework on cftypes".
 
 - Miaohe Lin's series "Some cleanups for memory-failure" does just that
   thing.
 
 - Is anyone reading this stuff?  If so, email me!
 
 - Someone other than SeongJae has developed a DAMON feature in Honggyu
   Kim's series "DAMON based tiered memory management for CXL memory".
   This adds DAMON features which may be used to help determine the
   efficiency of our placement of CXL/PCIe attached DRAM.
 
 - DAMON user API centralization and simplificatio work in SeongJae
   Park's series "mm/damon: introduce DAMON parameters online commit
   function".
 
 - In the series "mm: page_type, zsmalloc and page_mapcount_reset()"
   David Hildenbrand does some maintenance work on zsmalloc - partially
   modernizing its use of pageframe fields.
 
 - Kefeng Wang provides more folio conversions in the series "mm: remove
   page_maybe_dma_pinned() and page_mkclean()".
 
 - More cleanup from David Hildenbrand, this time in the series
   "mm/memory_hotplug: use PageOffline() instead of PageReserved() for
   !ZONE_DEVICE".  It "enlightens memory hotplug more about PageOffline()
   pages" and permits the removal of some virtio-mem hacks.
 
 - Barry Song's series "mm: clarify folio_add_new_anon_rmap() and
   __folio_add_anon_rmap()" is a cleanup to the anon folio handling in
   preparation for mTHP (multisize THP) swapin.
 
 - Kefeng Wang's series "mm: improve clear and copy user folio"
   implements more folio conversions, this time in the area of large folio
   userspace copying.
 
 - The series "Docs/mm/damon/maintaier-profile: document a mailing tool
   and community meetup series" tells people how to get better involved
   with other DAMON developers.  From SeongJae Park.
 
 - A large series ("kmsan: Enable on s390") from Ilya Leoshkevich does
   that.
 
 - David Hildenbrand sends along more cleanups, this time against the
   migration code.  The series is "mm/migrate: move NUMA hinting fault
   folio isolation + checks under PTL".
 
 - Jan Kara has found quite a lot of strangenesses and minor errors in
   the readahead code.  He addresses this in the series "mm: Fix various
   readahead quirks".
 
 - SeongJae Park's series "selftests/damon: test DAMOS tried regions and
   {min,max}_nr_regions" adds features and addresses errors in DAMON's self
   testing code.
 
 - Gavin Shan has found a userspace-triggerable WARN in the pagecache
   code.  The series "mm/filemap: Limit page cache size to that supported
   by xarray" addresses this.  The series is marked cc:stable.
 
 - Chengming Zhou's series "mm/ksm: cmp_and_merge_page() optimizations
   and cleanup" cleans up and slightly optimizes KSM.
 
 - Roman Gushchin has separated the memcg-v1 and memcg-v2 code - lots of
   code motion.  The series (which also makes the memcg-v1 code
   Kconfigurable) are
 
   "mm: memcg: separate legacy cgroup v1 code and put under config
   option" and
   "mm: memcg: put cgroup v1-specific memcg data under CONFIG_MEMCG_V1"
 
 - Dan Schatzberg's series "Add swappiness argument to memory.reclaim"
   adds an additional feature to this cgroup-v2 control file.
 
 - The series "Userspace controls soft-offline pages" from Jiaqi Yan
   permits userspace to stop the kernel's automatic treatment of excessive
   correctable memory errors.  In order to permit userspace to monitor and
   handle this situation.
 
 - Kefeng Wang's series "mm: migrate: support poison recover from migrate
   folio" teaches the kernel to appropriately handle migration from
   poisoned source folios rather than simply panicing.
 
 - SeongJae Park's series "Docs/damon: minor fixups and improvements"
   does those things.
 
 - In the series "mm/zsmalloc: change back to per-size_class lock"
   Chengming Zhou improves zsmalloc's scalability and memory utilization.
 
 - Vivek Kasireddy's series "mm/gup: Introduce memfd_pin_folios() for
   pinning memfd folios" makes the GUP code use FOLL_PIN rather than bare
   refcount increments.  So these paes can first be moved aside if they
   reside in the movable zone or a CMA block.
 
 - Andrii Nakryiko has added a binary ioctl()-based API to /proc/pid/maps
   for much faster reading of vma information.  The series is "query VMAs
   from /proc/<pid>/maps".
 
 - In the series "mm: introduce per-order mTHP split counters" Lance Yang
   improves the kernel's presentation of developer information related to
   multisize THP splitting.
 
 - Michael Ellerman has developed the series "Reimplement huge pages
   without hugepd on powerpc (8xx, e500, book3s/64)".  This permits
   userspace to use all available huge page sizes.
 
 - In the series "revert unconditional slab and page allocator fault
   injection calls" Vlastimil Babka removes a performance-affecting and not
   very useful feature from slab fault injection.
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2024-07-21-14-50' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

 - In the series "mm: Avoid possible overflows in dirty throttling" Jan
   Kara addresses a couple of issues in the writeback throttling code.
   These fixes are also targetted at -stable kernels.

 - Ryusuke Konishi's series "nilfs2: fix potential issues related to
   reserved inodes" does that. This should actually be in the
   mm-nonmm-stable tree, along with the many other nilfs2 patches. My
   bad.

 - More folio conversions from Kefeng Wang in the series "mm: convert to
   folio_alloc_mpol()"

 - Kemeng Shi has sent some cleanups to the writeback code in the series
   "Add helper functions to remove repeated code and improve readability
   of cgroup writeback"

 - Kairui Song has made the swap code a little smaller and a little
   faster in the series "mm/swap: clean up and optimize swap cache
   index".

 - In the series "mm/memory: cleanly support zeropage in
   vm_insert_page*(), vm_map_pages*() and vmf_insert_mixed()" David
   Hildenbrand has reworked the rather sketchy handling of the use of
   the zeropage in MAP_SHARED mappings. I don't see any runtime effects
   here - more a cleanup/understandability/maintainablity thing.

 - Dev Jain has improved selftests/mm/va_high_addr_switch.c's handling
   of higher addresses, for aarch64. The (poorly named) series is
   "Restructure va_high_addr_switch".

 - The core TLB handling code gets some cleanups and possible slight
   optimizations in Bang Li's series "Add update_mmu_tlb_range() to
   simplify code".

 - Jane Chu has improved the handling of our
   fake-an-unrecoverable-memory-error testing feature MADV_HWPOISON in
   the series "Enhance soft hwpoison handling and injection".

 - Jeff Johnson has sent a billion patches everywhere to add
   MODULE_DESCRIPTION() to everything. Some landed in this pull.

 - In the series "mm: cleanup MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode", Kefeng Wang
   has simplified migration's use of hardware-offload memory copying.

 - Yosry Ahmed performs more folio API conversions in his series "mm:
   zswap: trivial folio conversions".

 - In the series "large folios swap-in: handle refault cases first",
   Chuanhua Han inches us forward in the handling of large pages in the
   swap code. This is a cleanup and optimization, working toward the end
   objective of full support of large folio swapin/out.

 - In the series "mm,swap: cleanup VMA based swap readahead window
   calculation", Huang Ying has contributed some cleanups and a possible
   fixlet to his VMA based swap readahead code.

 - In the series "add mTHP support for anonymous shmem" Baolin Wang has
   taught anonymous shmem mappings to use multisize THP. By default this
   is a no-op - users must opt in vis sysfs controls. Dramatic
   improvements in pagefault latency are realized.

 - David Hildenbrand has some cleanups to our remaining use of
   page_mapcount() in the series "fs/proc: move page_mapcount() to
   fs/proc/internal.h".

 - David also has some highmem accounting cleanups in the series
   "mm/highmem: don't track highmem pages manually".

 - Build-time fixes and cleanups from John Hubbard in the series
   "cleanups, fixes, and progress towards avoiding "make headers"".

 - Cleanups and consolidation of the core pagemap handling from Barry
   Song in the series "mm: introduce pmd|pte_needs_soft_dirty_wp helpers
   and utilize them".

 - Lance Yang's series "Reclaim lazyfree THP without splitting" has
   reduced the latency of the reclaim of pmd-mapped THPs under fairly
   common circumstances. A 10x speedup is seen in a microbenchmark.

   It does this by punting to aother CPU but I guess that's a win unless
   all CPUs are pegged.

 - hugetlb_cgroup cleanups from Xiu Jianfeng in the series
   "mm/hugetlb_cgroup: rework on cftypes".

 - Miaohe Lin's series "Some cleanups for memory-failure" does just that
   thing.

 - Someone other than SeongJae has developed a DAMON feature in Honggyu
   Kim's series "DAMON based tiered memory management for CXL memory".
   This adds DAMON features which may be used to help determine the
   efficiency of our placement of CXL/PCIe attached DRAM.

 - DAMON user API centralization and simplificatio work in SeongJae
   Park's series "mm/damon: introduce DAMON parameters online commit
   function".

 - In the series "mm: page_type, zsmalloc and page_mapcount_reset()"
   David Hildenbrand does some maintenance work on zsmalloc - partially
   modernizing its use of pageframe fields.

 - Kefeng Wang provides more folio conversions in the series "mm: remove
   page_maybe_dma_pinned() and page_mkclean()".

 - More cleanup from David Hildenbrand, this time in the series
   "mm/memory_hotplug: use PageOffline() instead of PageReserved() for
   !ZONE_DEVICE". It "enlightens memory hotplug more about PageOffline()
   pages" and permits the removal of some virtio-mem hacks.

 - Barry Song's series "mm: clarify folio_add_new_anon_rmap() and
   __folio_add_anon_rmap()" is a cleanup to the anon folio handling in
   preparation for mTHP (multisize THP) swapin.

 - Kefeng Wang's series "mm: improve clear and copy user folio"
   implements more folio conversions, this time in the area of large
   folio userspace copying.

 - The series "Docs/mm/damon/maintaier-profile: document a mailing tool
   and community meetup series" tells people how to get better involved
   with other DAMON developers. From SeongJae Park.

 - A large series ("kmsan: Enable on s390") from Ilya Leoshkevich does
   that.

 - David Hildenbrand sends along more cleanups, this time against the
   migration code. The series is "mm/migrate: move NUMA hinting fault
   folio isolation + checks under PTL".

 - Jan Kara has found quite a lot of strangenesses and minor errors in
   the readahead code. He addresses this in the series "mm: Fix various
   readahead quirks".

 - SeongJae Park's series "selftests/damon: test DAMOS tried regions and
   {min,max}_nr_regions" adds features and addresses errors in DAMON's
   self testing code.

 - Gavin Shan has found a userspace-triggerable WARN in the pagecache
   code. The series "mm/filemap: Limit page cache size to that supported
   by xarray" addresses this. The series is marked cc:stable.

 - Chengming Zhou's series "mm/ksm: cmp_and_merge_page() optimizations
   and cleanup" cleans up and slightly optimizes KSM.

 - Roman Gushchin has separated the memcg-v1 and memcg-v2 code - lots of
   code motion. The series (which also makes the memcg-v1 code
   Kconfigurable) are "mm: memcg: separate legacy cgroup v1 code and put
   under config option" and "mm: memcg: put cgroup v1-specific memcg
   data under CONFIG_MEMCG_V1"

 - Dan Schatzberg's series "Add swappiness argument to memory.reclaim"
   adds an additional feature to this cgroup-v2 control file.

 - The series "Userspace controls soft-offline pages" from Jiaqi Yan
   permits userspace to stop the kernel's automatic treatment of
   excessive correctable memory errors. In order to permit userspace to
   monitor and handle this situation.

 - Kefeng Wang's series "mm: migrate: support poison recover from
   migrate folio" teaches the kernel to appropriately handle migration
   from poisoned source folios rather than simply panicing.

 - SeongJae Park's series "Docs/damon: minor fixups and improvements"
   does those things.

 - In the series "mm/zsmalloc: change back to per-size_class lock"
   Chengming Zhou improves zsmalloc's scalability and memory
   utilization.

 - Vivek Kasireddy's series "mm/gup: Introduce memfd_pin_folios() for
   pinning memfd folios" makes the GUP code use FOLL_PIN rather than
   bare refcount increments. So these paes can first be moved aside if
   they reside in the movable zone or a CMA block.

 - Andrii Nakryiko has added a binary ioctl()-based API to
   /proc/pid/maps for much faster reading of vma information. The series
   is "query VMAs from /proc/<pid>/maps".

 - In the series "mm: introduce per-order mTHP split counters" Lance
   Yang improves the kernel's presentation of developer information
   related to multisize THP splitting.

 - Michael Ellerman has developed the series "Reimplement huge pages
   without hugepd on powerpc (8xx, e500, book3s/64)". This permits
   userspace to use all available huge page sizes.

 - In the series "revert unconditional slab and page allocator fault
   injection calls" Vlastimil Babka removes a performance-affecting and
   not very useful feature from slab fault injection.

* tag 'mm-stable-2024-07-21-14-50' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (411 commits)
  mm/mglru: fix ineffective protection calculation
  mm/zswap: fix a white space issue
  mm/hugetlb: fix kernel NULL pointer dereference when migrating hugetlb folio
  mm/hugetlb: fix possible recursive locking detected warning
  mm/gup: clear the LRU flag of a page before adding to LRU batch
  mm/numa_balancing: teach mpol_to_str about the balancing mode
  mm: memcg1: convert charge move flags to unsigned long long
  alloc_tag: fix page_ext_get/page_ext_put sequence during page splitting
  lib: reuse page_ext_data() to obtain codetag_ref
  lib: add missing newline character in the warning message
  mm/mglru: fix overshooting shrinker memory
  mm/mglru: fix div-by-zero in vmpressure_calc_level()
  mm/kmemleak: replace strncpy() with strscpy()
  mm, page_alloc: put should_fail_alloc_page() back behing CONFIG_FAIL_PAGE_ALLOC
  mm, slab: put should_failslab() back behind CONFIG_SHOULD_FAILSLAB
  mm: ignore data-race in __swap_writepage
  hugetlbfs: ensure generic_hugetlb_get_unmapped_area() returns higher address than mmap_min_addr
  mm: shmem: rename mTHP shmem counters
  mm: swap_state: use folio_alloc_mpol() in __read_swap_cache_async()
  mm/migrate: putback split folios when numa hint migration fails
  ...
2024-07-21 17:15:46 -07:00

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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
menu "Memory Management options"
#
# For some reason microblaze and nios2 hard code SWAP=n. Hopefully we can
# add proper SWAP support to them, in which case this can be remove.
#
config ARCH_NO_SWAP
bool
config ZPOOL
bool
menuconfig SWAP
bool "Support for paging of anonymous memory (swap)"
depends on MMU && BLOCK && !ARCH_NO_SWAP
default y
help
This option allows you to choose whether you want to have support
for so called swap devices or swap files in your kernel that are
used to provide more virtual memory than the actual RAM present
in your computer. If unsure say Y.
config ZSWAP
bool "Compressed cache for swap pages"
depends on SWAP
select CRYPTO
select ZPOOL
help
A lightweight compressed cache for swap pages. It takes
pages that are in the process of being swapped out and attempts to
compress them into a dynamically allocated RAM-based memory pool.
This can result in a significant I/O reduction on swap device and,
in the case where decompressing from RAM is faster than swap device
reads, can also improve workload performance.
config ZSWAP_DEFAULT_ON
bool "Enable the compressed cache for swap pages by default"
depends on ZSWAP
help
If selected, the compressed cache for swap pages will be enabled
at boot, otherwise it will be disabled.
The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
command line 'zswap.enabled=' option.
config ZSWAP_SHRINKER_DEFAULT_ON
bool "Shrink the zswap pool on memory pressure"
depends on ZSWAP
default n
help
If selected, the zswap shrinker will be enabled, and the pages
stored in the zswap pool will become available for reclaim (i.e
written back to the backing swap device) on memory pressure.
This means that zswap writeback could happen even if the pool is
not yet full, or the cgroup zswap limit has not been reached,
reducing the chance that cold pages will reside in the zswap pool
and consume memory indefinitely.
choice
prompt "Default compressor"
depends on ZSWAP
default ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
help
Selects the default compression algorithm for the compressed cache
for swap pages.
For an overview what kind of performance can be expected from
a particular compression algorithm please refer to the benchmarks
available at the following LWN page:
https://lwn.net/Articles/751795/
If in doubt, select 'LZO'.
The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
command line 'zswap.compressor=' option.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_DEFLATE
bool "Deflate"
select CRYPTO_DEFLATE
help
Use the Deflate algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
bool "LZO"
select CRYPTO_LZO
help
Use the LZO algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_842
bool "842"
select CRYPTO_842
help
Use the 842 algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4
bool "LZ4"
select CRYPTO_LZ4
help
Use the LZ4 algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4HC
bool "LZ4HC"
select CRYPTO_LZ4HC
help
Use the LZ4HC algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_ZSTD
bool "zstd"
select CRYPTO_ZSTD
help
Use the zstd algorithm as the default compression algorithm.
endchoice
config ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT
string
depends on ZSWAP
default "deflate" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_DEFLATE
default "lzo" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZO
default "842" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_842
default "lz4" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4
default "lz4hc" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_LZ4HC
default "zstd" if ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT_ZSTD
default ""
choice
prompt "Default allocator"
depends on ZSWAP
default ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZSMALLOC if HAVE_ZSMALLOC
default ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
help
Selects the default allocator for the compressed cache for
swap pages.
The default is 'zbud' for compatibility, however please do
read the description of each of the allocators below before
making a right choice.
The selection made here can be overridden by using the kernel
command line 'zswap.zpool=' option.
config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
bool "zbud"
select ZBUD
help
Use the zbud allocator as the default allocator.
config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_Z3FOLD
bool "z3fold"
select Z3FOLD
help
Use the z3fold allocator as the default allocator.
config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZSMALLOC
bool "zsmalloc"
depends on HAVE_ZSMALLOC
select ZSMALLOC
help
Use the zsmalloc allocator as the default allocator.
endchoice
config ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT
string
depends on ZSWAP
default "zbud" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZBUD
default "z3fold" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_Z3FOLD
default "zsmalloc" if ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT_ZSMALLOC
default ""
config ZBUD
tristate "2:1 compression allocator (zbud)"
depends on ZSWAP
help
A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
It is designed to store up to two compressed pages per physical
page. While this design limits storage density, it has simple and
deterministic reclaim properties that make it preferable to a higher
density approach when reclaim will be used.
config Z3FOLD
tristate "3:1 compression allocator (z3fold)"
depends on ZSWAP
help
A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
It is designed to store up to three compressed pages per physical
page. It is a ZBUD derivative so the simplicity and determinism are
still there.
config HAVE_ZSMALLOC
def_bool y
depends on MMU
depends on PAGE_SIZE_LESS_THAN_256KB # we want <= 64 KiB
config ZSMALLOC
tristate
prompt "N:1 compression allocator (zsmalloc)" if ZSWAP
depends on HAVE_ZSMALLOC
help
zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
pages of various compression levels efficiently. It achieves
the highest storage density with the least amount of fragmentation.
config ZSMALLOC_STAT
bool "Export zsmalloc statistics"
depends on ZSMALLOC
select DEBUG_FS
help
This option enables code in the zsmalloc to collect various
statistics about what's happening in zsmalloc and exports that
information to userspace via debugfs.
If unsure, say N.
config ZSMALLOC_CHAIN_SIZE
int "Maximum number of physical pages per-zspage"
default 8
range 4 16
depends on ZSMALLOC
help
This option sets the upper limit on the number of physical pages
that a zmalloc page (zspage) can consist of. The optimal zspage
chain size is calculated for each size class during the
initialization of the pool.
Changing this option can alter the characteristics of size classes,
such as the number of pages per zspage and the number of objects
per zspage. This can also result in different configurations of
the pool, as zsmalloc merges size classes with similar
characteristics.
For more information, see zsmalloc documentation.
menu "Slab allocator options"
config SLUB
def_bool y
config SLUB_TINY
bool "Configure for minimal memory footprint"
depends on EXPERT
select SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT
help
Configures the slab allocator in a way to achieve minimal memory
footprint, sacrificing scalability, debugging and other features.
This is intended only for the smallest system that had used the
SLOB allocator and is not recommended for systems with more than
16MB RAM.
If unsure, say N.
config SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT
bool "Allow slab caches to be merged"
default y
help
For reduced kernel memory fragmentation, slab caches can be
merged when they share the same size and other characteristics.
This carries a risk of kernel heap overflows being able to
overwrite objects from merged caches (and more easily control
cache layout), which makes such heap attacks easier to exploit
by attackers. By keeping caches unmerged, these kinds of exploits
can usually only damage objects in the same cache. To disable
merging at runtime, "slab_nomerge" can be passed on the kernel
command line.
config SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM
bool "Randomize slab freelist"
depends on !SLUB_TINY
help
Randomizes the freelist order used on creating new pages. This
security feature reduces the predictability of the kernel slab
allocator against heap overflows.
config SLAB_FREELIST_HARDENED
bool "Harden slab freelist metadata"
depends on !SLUB_TINY
help
Many kernel heap attacks try to target slab cache metadata and
other infrastructure. This options makes minor performance
sacrifices to harden the kernel slab allocator against common
freelist exploit methods.
config SLAB_BUCKETS
bool "Support allocation from separate kmalloc buckets"
depends on !SLUB_TINY
default SLAB_FREELIST_HARDENED
help
Kernel heap attacks frequently depend on being able to create
specifically-sized allocations with user-controlled contents
that will be allocated into the same kmalloc bucket as a
target object. To avoid sharing these allocation buckets,
provide an explicitly separated set of buckets to be used for
user-controlled allocations. This may very slightly increase
memory fragmentation, though in practice it's only a handful
of extra pages since the bulk of user-controlled allocations
are relatively long-lived.
If unsure, say Y.
config SLUB_STATS
default n
bool "Enable performance statistics"
depends on SYSFS && !SLUB_TINY
help
The statistics are useful to debug slab allocation behavior in
order find ways to optimize the allocator. This should never be
enabled for production use since keeping statistics slows down
the allocator by a few percentage points. The slabinfo command
supports the determination of the most active slabs to figure
out which slabs are relevant to a particular load.
Try running: slabinfo -DA
config SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
default y
depends on SMP && !SLUB_TINY
bool "Enable per cpu partial caches"
help
Per cpu partial caches accelerate objects allocation and freeing
that is local to a processor at the price of more indeterminism
in the latency of the free. On overflow these caches will be cleared
which requires the taking of locks that may cause latency spikes.
Typically one would choose no for a realtime system.
config RANDOM_KMALLOC_CACHES
default n
depends on !SLUB_TINY
bool "Randomize slab caches for normal kmalloc"
help
A hardening feature that creates multiple copies of slab caches for
normal kmalloc allocation and makes kmalloc randomly pick one based
on code address, which makes the attackers more difficult to spray
vulnerable memory objects on the heap for the purpose of exploiting
memory vulnerabilities.
Currently the number of copies is set to 16, a reasonably large value
that effectively diverges the memory objects allocated for different
subsystems or modules into different caches, at the expense of a
limited degree of memory and CPU overhead that relates to hardware and
system workload.
endmenu # Slab allocator options
config SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR
bool "Page allocator randomization"
default SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM && ACPI_NUMA
help
Randomization of the page allocator improves the average
utilization of a direct-mapped memory-side-cache. See section
5.2.27 Heterogeneous Memory Attribute Table (HMAT) in the ACPI
6.2a specification for an example of how a platform advertises
the presence of a memory-side-cache. There are also incidental
security benefits as it reduces the predictability of page
allocations to compliment SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM, but the
default granularity of shuffling on the MAX_PAGE_ORDER i.e, 10th
order of pages is selected based on cache utilization benefits
on x86.
While the randomization improves cache utilization it may
negatively impact workloads on platforms without a cache. For
this reason, by default, the randomization is not enabled even
if SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR=y. The randomization may be force enabled
with the 'page_alloc.shuffle' kernel command line parameter.
Say Y if unsure.
config COMPAT_BRK
bool "Disable heap randomization"
default y
help
Randomizing heap placement makes heap exploits harder, but it
also breaks ancient binaries (including anything libc5 based).
This option changes the bootup default to heap randomization
disabled, and can be overridden at runtime by setting
/proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space to 2.
On non-ancient distros (post-2000 ones) N is usually a safe choice.
config MMAP_ALLOW_UNINITIALIZED
bool "Allow mmapped anonymous memory to be uninitialized"
depends on EXPERT && !MMU
default n
help
Normally, and according to the Linux spec, anonymous memory obtained
from mmap() has its contents cleared before it is passed to
userspace. Enabling this config option allows you to request that
mmap() skip that if it is given an MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag, thus
providing a huge performance boost. If this option is not enabled,
then the flag will be ignored.
This is taken advantage of by uClibc's malloc(), and also by
ELF-FDPIC binfmt's brk and stack allocator.
Because of the obvious security issues, this option should only be
enabled on embedded devices where you control what is run in
userspace. Since that isn't generally a problem on no-MMU systems,
it is normally safe to say Y here.
See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/nommu-mmap.rst for more information.
config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
def_bool y
depends on ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
choice
prompt "Memory model"
depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
default FLATMEM_MANUAL
help
This option allows you to change some of the ways that
Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
only have one option here selected by the architecture
configuration. This is normal.
config FLATMEM_MANUAL
bool "Flat Memory"
depends on !ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
help
This option is best suited for non-NUMA systems with
flat address space. The FLATMEM is the most efficient
system in terms of performance and resource consumption
and it is the best option for smaller systems.
For systems that have holes in their physical address
spaces and for features like NUMA and memory hotplug,
choose "Sparse Memory".
If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
bool "Sparse Memory"
depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
help
This will be the only option for some systems, including
memory hot-plug systems. This is normal.
This option provides efficient support for systems with
holes is their physical address space and allows memory
hot-plug and hot-remove.
If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
endchoice
config SPARSEMEM
def_bool y
depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
config FLATMEM
def_bool y
depends on !SPARSEMEM || FLATMEM_MANUAL
#
# SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
# allocations when sparse_init() is called. If this cannot
# be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
# statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
# consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
#
# This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
# with gcc 3.4 and later.
#
config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
bool
#
# Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
# must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
# an extremely sparse physical address space.
#
config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
def_bool y
depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
bool
config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
default y
help
SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
#
# Select this config option from the architecture Kconfig, if it is preferred
# to enable the feature of HugeTLB/dev_dax vmemmap optimization.
#
config ARCH_WANT_OPTIMIZE_DAX_VMEMMAP
bool
config ARCH_WANT_OPTIMIZE_HUGETLB_VMEMMAP
bool
config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_PHYS_MAP
bool
config HAVE_GUP_FAST
depends on MMU
bool
# Don't discard allocated memory used to track "memory" and "reserved" memblocks
# after early boot, so it can still be used to test for validity of memory.
# Also, memblocks are updated with memory hot(un)plug.
config ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK
bool
# Keep arch NUMA mapping infrastructure post-init.
config NUMA_KEEP_MEMINFO
bool
config MEMORY_ISOLATION
bool
# IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM regions in the kernel resource tree that are marked
# IORESOURCE_EXCLUSIVE cannot be mapped to user space, for example, via
# /dev/mem.
config EXCLUSIVE_SYSTEM_RAM
def_bool y
depends on !DEVMEM || STRICT_DEVMEM
#
# Only be set on architectures that have completely implemented memory hotplug
# feature. If you are not sure, don't touch it.
#
config HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE
def_bool n
config ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
bool
config ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
bool
# eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
menuconfig MEMORY_HOTPLUG
bool "Memory hotplug"
select MEMORY_ISOLATION
depends on SPARSEMEM
depends on ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
depends on 64BIT
select NUMA_KEEP_MEMINFO if NUMA
if MEMORY_HOTPLUG
config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_DEFAULT_ONLINE
bool "Online the newly added memory blocks by default"
depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
help
This option sets the default policy setting for memory hotplug
onlining policy (/sys/devices/system/memory/auto_online_blocks) which
determines what happens to newly added memory regions. Policy setting
can always be changed at runtime.
See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/memory-hotplug.rst for more information.
Say Y here if you want all hot-plugged memory blocks to appear in
'online' state by default.
Say N here if you want the default policy to keep all hot-plugged
memory blocks in 'offline' state.
config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
select HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE if (X86_64 || PPC64)
depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
depends on MIGRATION
config MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY
def_bool y
depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
depends on ARCH_MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY_ENABLE
endif # MEMORY_HOTPLUG
config ARCH_MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY_ENABLE
bool
# Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
# page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
# space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
# Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
# ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
# PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
# SPARC32 allocates multiple pte tables within a single page, and therefore
# a per-page lock leads to problems when multiple tables need to be locked
# at the same time (e.g. copy_page_range()).
# DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
#
config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
int
default "999999" if !MMU
default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
default "999999" if SPARC32
default "4"
config ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK
bool
#
# support for memory balloon
config MEMORY_BALLOON
bool
#
# support for memory balloon compaction
config BALLOON_COMPACTION
bool "Allow for balloon memory compaction/migration"
default y
depends on COMPACTION && MEMORY_BALLOON
help
Memory fragmentation introduced by ballooning might reduce
significantly the number of 2MB contiguous memory blocks that can be
used within a guest, thus imposing performance penalties associated
with the reduced number of transparent huge pages that could be used
by the guest workload. Allowing the compaction & migration for memory
pages enlisted as being part of memory balloon devices avoids the
scenario aforementioned and helps improving memory defragmentation.
#
# support for memory compaction
config COMPACTION
bool "Allow for memory compaction"
default y
select MIGRATION
depends on MMU
help
Compaction is the only memory management component to form
high order (larger physically contiguous) memory blocks
reliably. The page allocator relies on compaction heavily and
the lack of the feature can lead to unexpected OOM killer
invocations for high order memory requests. You shouldn't
disable this option unless there really is a strong reason for
it and then we would be really interested to hear about that at
linux-mm@kvack.org.
config COMPACT_UNEVICTABLE_DEFAULT
int
depends on COMPACTION
default 0 if PREEMPT_RT
default 1
#
# support for free page reporting
config PAGE_REPORTING
bool "Free page reporting"
help
Free page reporting allows for the incremental acquisition of
free pages from the buddy allocator for the purpose of reporting
those pages to another entity, such as a hypervisor, so that the
memory can be freed within the host for other uses.
#
# support for page migration
#
config MIGRATION
bool "Page migration"
default y
depends on (NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA) && MMU
help
Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
allocation instead of reclaiming.
config DEVICE_MIGRATION
def_bool MIGRATION && ZONE_DEVICE
config ARCH_ENABLE_HUGEPAGE_MIGRATION
bool
config ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
bool
config HUGETLB_PAGE_SIZE_VARIABLE
def_bool n
help
Allows the pageblock_order value to be dynamic instead of just standard
HUGETLB_PAGE_ORDER when there are multiple HugeTLB page sizes available
on a platform.
Note that the pageblock_order cannot exceed MAX_PAGE_ORDER and will be
clamped down to MAX_PAGE_ORDER.
config CONTIG_ALLOC
def_bool (MEMORY_ISOLATION && COMPACTION) || CMA
config PCP_BATCH_SCALE_MAX
int "Maximum scale factor of PCP (Per-CPU pageset) batch allocate/free"
default 5
range 0 6
help
In page allocator, PCP (Per-CPU pageset) is refilled and drained in
batches. The batch number is scaled automatically to improve page
allocation/free throughput. But too large scale factor may hurt
latency. This option sets the upper limit of scale factor to limit
the maximum latency.
config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
def_bool 64BIT
config BOUNCE
bool "Enable bounce buffers"
default y
depends on BLOCK && MMU && HIGHMEM
help
Enable bounce buffers for devices that cannot access the full range of
memory available to the CPU. Enabled by default when HIGHMEM is
selected, but you may say n to override this.
config MMU_NOTIFIER
bool
select INTERVAL_TREE
config KSM
bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
depends on MMU
select XXHASH
help
Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
the many instances by a single page with that content, so
saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
See Documentation/mm/ksm.rst for more information: KSM is inactive
until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
depends on MMU
default 4096
help
This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
For most arm64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
protection by setting the value to 0.
This value can be changed after boot using the
/proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
bool
config MEMORY_FAILURE
depends on MMU
depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
select MEMORY_ISOLATION
select RAS
help
Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
config HWPOISON_INJECT
tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
depends on !MMU
default 1
help
The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
the excess and return it to the allocator.
If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
if there are a lot of transient processes.
If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
(/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
no trimming is to occur.
This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/nommu-mmap.rst for more information.
config ARCH_WANT_GENERAL_HUGETLB
bool
config ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP
def_bool n
menuconfig TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
depends on HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && !PREEMPT_RT
select COMPACTION
select XARRAY_MULTI
help
Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
This feature can improve computing performance to certain
applications by speeding up page faults during memory
allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
up the pagetable walking.
If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
if TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
choice
prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
help
Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
bool "always"
help
Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
bool "madvise"
help
Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
performance improvement benefit to the applications using
madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
benefit.
config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_NEVER
bool "never"
help
Disable Transparent Hugepage by default. It can still be
enabled at runtime via sysfs.
endchoice
config THP_SWAP
def_bool y
depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP && SWAP && 64BIT
help
Swap transparent huge pages in one piece, without splitting.
XXX: For now, swap cluster backing transparent huge page
will be split after swapout.
For selection by architectures with reasonable THP sizes.
config READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS
bool "Read-only THP for filesystems (EXPERIMENTAL)"
depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && SHMEM
help
Allow khugepaged to put read-only file-backed pages in THP.
This is marked experimental because it is a new feature. Write
support of file THPs will be developed in the next few release
cycles.
endif # TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
#
# The architecture supports pgtable leaves that is larger than PAGE_SIZE
#
config PGTABLE_HAS_HUGE_LEAVES
def_bool TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE || HUGETLB_PAGE
#
# UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
#
config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
depends on !SMP || !MMU
bool
default y
config NEED_PER_CPU_EMBED_FIRST_CHUNK
bool
config NEED_PER_CPU_PAGE_FIRST_CHUNK
bool
config USE_PERCPU_NUMA_NODE_ID
bool
config HAVE_SETUP_PER_CPU_AREA
bool
config CMA
bool "Contiguous Memory Allocator"
depends on MMU
select MIGRATION
select MEMORY_ISOLATION
help
This enables the Contiguous Memory Allocator which allows other
subsystems to allocate big physically-contiguous blocks of memory.
CMA reserves a region of memory and allows only movable pages to
be allocated from it. This way, the kernel can use the memory for
pagecache and when a subsystem requests for contiguous area, the
allocated pages are migrated away to serve the contiguous request.
If unsure, say "n".
config CMA_DEBUGFS
bool "CMA debugfs interface"
depends on CMA && DEBUG_FS
help
Turns on the DebugFS interface for CMA.
config CMA_SYSFS
bool "CMA information through sysfs interface"
depends on CMA && SYSFS
help
This option exposes some sysfs attributes to get information
from CMA.
config CMA_AREAS
int "Maximum count of the CMA areas"
depends on CMA
default 20 if NUMA
default 8
help
CMA allows to create CMA areas for particular purpose, mainly,
used as device private area. This parameter sets the maximum
number of CMA area in the system.
If unsure, leave the default value "8" in UMA and "20" in NUMA.
config MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
bool "Track memory changes"
depends on CHECKPOINT_RESTORE && HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY && PROC_FS
select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
help
This option enables memory changes tracking by introducing a
soft-dirty bit on pte-s. This bit it set when someone writes
into a page just as regular dirty bit, but unlike the latter
it can be cleared by hands.
See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst for more details.
config GENERIC_EARLY_IOREMAP
bool
config STACK_MAX_DEFAULT_SIZE_MB
int "Default maximum user stack size for 32-bit processes (MB)"
default 100
range 8 2048
depends on STACK_GROWSUP && (!64BIT || COMPAT)
help
This is the maximum stack size in Megabytes in the VM layout of 32-bit
user processes when the stack grows upwards (currently only on parisc
arch) when the RLIMIT_STACK hard limit is unlimited.
A sane initial value is 100 MB.
config DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT
bool "Defer initialisation of struct pages to kthreads"
depends on SPARSEMEM
depends on !NEED_PER_CPU_KM
depends on 64BIT
depends on !KMSAN
select PADATA
help
Ordinarily all struct pages are initialised during early boot in a
single thread. On very large machines this can take a considerable
amount of time. If this option is set, large machines will bring up
a subset of memmap at boot and then initialise the rest in parallel.
This has a potential performance impact on tasks running early in the
lifetime of the system until these kthreads finish the
initialisation.
config PAGE_IDLE_FLAG
bool
select PAGE_EXTENSION if !64BIT
help
This adds PG_idle and PG_young flags to 'struct page'. PTE Accessed
bit writers can set the state of the bit in the flags so that PTE
Accessed bit readers may avoid disturbance.
config IDLE_PAGE_TRACKING
bool "Enable idle page tracking"
depends on SYSFS && MMU
select PAGE_IDLE_FLAG
help
This feature allows to estimate the amount of user pages that have
not been touched during a given period of time. This information can
be useful to tune memory cgroup limits and/or for job placement
within a compute cluster.
See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/idle_page_tracking.rst for
more details.
# Architectures which implement cpu_dcache_is_aliasing() to query
# whether the data caches are aliased (VIVT or VIPT with dcache
# aliasing) need to select this.
config ARCH_HAS_CPU_CACHE_ALIASING
bool
config ARCH_HAS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE
bool
config ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER
bool
help
In support of HARDENED_USERCOPY performing stack variable lifetime
checking, an architecture-agnostic way to find the stack pointer
is needed. Once an architecture defines an unsigned long global
register alias named "current_stack_pointer", this config can be
selected.
config ARCH_HAS_PTE_DEVMAP
bool
config ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DMA_SET
bool
config ZONE_DMA
bool "Support DMA zone" if ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DMA_SET
default y if ARM64 || X86
config ZONE_DMA32
bool "Support DMA32 zone" if ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DMA_SET
depends on !X86_32
default y if ARM64
config ZONE_DEVICE
bool "Device memory (pmem, HMM, etc...) hotplug support"
depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
depends on MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
depends on SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
depends on ARCH_HAS_PTE_DEVMAP
select XARRAY_MULTI
help
Device memory hotplug support allows for establishing pmem,
or other device driver discovered memory regions, in the
memmap. This allows pfn_to_page() lookups of otherwise
"device-physical" addresses which is needed for using a DAX
mapping in an O_DIRECT operation, among other things.
If FS_DAX is enabled, then say Y.
#
# Helpers to mirror range of the CPU page tables of a process into device page
# tables.
#
config HMM_MIRROR
bool
depends on MMU
config GET_FREE_REGION
depends on SPARSEMEM
bool
config DEVICE_PRIVATE
bool "Unaddressable device memory (GPU memory, ...)"
depends on ZONE_DEVICE
select GET_FREE_REGION
help
Allows creation of struct pages to represent unaddressable device
memory; i.e., memory that is only accessible from the device (or
group of devices). You likely also want to select HMM_MIRROR.
config VMAP_PFN
bool
config ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
bool
config ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
bool
config ARCH_USES_PG_ARCH_X
bool
help
Enable the definition of PG_arch_x page flags with x > 1. Only
suitable for 64-bit architectures with CONFIG_FLATMEM or
CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP enabled, otherwise there may not be
enough room for additional bits in page->flags.
config VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
default y
bool "Enable VM event counters for /proc/vmstat" if EXPERT
help
VM event counters are needed for event counts to be shown.
This option allows the disabling of the VM event counters
on EXPERT systems. /proc/vmstat will only show page counts
if VM event counters are disabled.
config PERCPU_STATS
bool "Collect percpu memory statistics"
help
This feature collects and exposes statistics via debugfs. The
information includes global and per chunk statistics, which can
be used to help understand percpu memory usage.
config GUP_TEST
bool "Enable infrastructure for get_user_pages()-related unit tests"
depends on DEBUG_FS
help
Provides /sys/kernel/debug/gup_test, which in turn provides a way
to make ioctl calls that can launch kernel-based unit tests for
the get_user_pages*() and pin_user_pages*() family of API calls.
These tests include benchmark testing of the _fast variants of
get_user_pages*() and pin_user_pages*(), as well as smoke tests of
the non-_fast variants.
There is also a sub-test that allows running dump_page() on any
of up to eight pages (selected by command line args) within the
range of user-space addresses. These pages are either pinned via
pin_user_pages*(), or pinned via get_user_pages*(), as specified
by other command line arguments.
See tools/testing/selftests/mm/gup_test.c
comment "GUP_TEST needs to have DEBUG_FS enabled"
depends on !GUP_TEST && !DEBUG_FS
config GUP_GET_PXX_LOW_HIGH
bool
config DMAPOOL_TEST
tristate "Enable a module to run time tests on dma_pool"
depends on HAS_DMA
help
Provides a test module that will allocate and free many blocks of
various sizes and report how long it takes. This is intended to
provide a consistent way to measure how changes to the
dma_pool_alloc/free routines affect performance.
config ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
bool
config MAPPING_DIRTY_HELPERS
bool
config KMAP_LOCAL
bool
config KMAP_LOCAL_NON_LINEAR_PTE_ARRAY
bool
# struct io_mapping based helper. Selected by drivers that need them
config IO_MAPPING
bool
config MEMFD_CREATE
bool "Enable memfd_create() system call" if EXPERT
config SECRETMEM
default y
bool "Enable memfd_secret() system call" if EXPERT
depends on ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
help
Enable the memfd_secret() system call with the ability to create
memory areas visible only in the context of the owning process and
not mapped to other processes and other kernel page tables.
config ANON_VMA_NAME
bool "Anonymous VMA name support"
depends on PROC_FS && ADVISE_SYSCALLS && MMU
help
Allow naming anonymous virtual memory areas.
This feature allows assigning names to virtual memory areas. Assigned
names can be later retrieved from /proc/pid/maps and /proc/pid/smaps
and help identifying individual anonymous memory areas.
Assigning a name to anonymous virtual memory area might prevent that
area from being merged with adjacent virtual memory areas due to the
difference in their name.
config HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP
bool
help
Arch has userfaultfd write protection support
config HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_MINOR
bool
help
Arch has userfaultfd minor fault support
menuconfig USERFAULTFD
bool "Enable userfaultfd() system call"
depends on MMU
help
Enable the userfaultfd() system call that allows to intercept and
handle page faults in userland.
if USERFAULTFD
config PTE_MARKER_UFFD_WP
bool "Userfaultfd write protection support for shmem/hugetlbfs"
default y
depends on HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP
help
Allows to create marker PTEs for userfaultfd write protection
purposes. It is required to enable userfaultfd write protection on
file-backed memory types like shmem and hugetlbfs.
endif # USERFAULTFD
# multi-gen LRU {
config LRU_GEN
bool "Multi-Gen LRU"
depends on MMU
# make sure folio->flags has enough spare bits
depends on 64BIT || !SPARSEMEM || SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
help
A high performance LRU implementation to overcommit memory. See
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/multigen_lru.rst for details.
config LRU_GEN_ENABLED
bool "Enable by default"
depends on LRU_GEN
help
This option enables the multi-gen LRU by default.
config LRU_GEN_STATS
bool "Full stats for debugging"
depends on LRU_GEN
help
Do not enable this option unless you plan to look at historical stats
from evicted generations for debugging purpose.
This option has a per-memcg and per-node memory overhead.
config LRU_GEN_WALKS_MMU
def_bool y
depends on LRU_GEN && ARCH_HAS_HW_PTE_YOUNG
# }
config ARCH_SUPPORTS_PER_VMA_LOCK
def_bool n
config PER_VMA_LOCK
def_bool y
depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_PER_VMA_LOCK && MMU && SMP
help
Allow per-vma locking during page fault handling.
This feature allows locking each virtual memory area separately when
handling page faults instead of taking mmap_lock.
config LOCK_MM_AND_FIND_VMA
bool
depends on !STACK_GROWSUP
config IOMMU_MM_DATA
bool
config EXECMEM
bool
source "mm/damon/Kconfig"
endmenu
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