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A mirror of the official Linux kernel repository just in case
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Masahiro Yamada 7273ad2b08 kbuild: link lib-y objects to vmlinux forcibly when CONFIG_MODULES=y 
Kbuild supports not only obj-y but also lib-y to list objects linked to
vmlinux.

The difference between them is that all the objects from obj-y are
forcibly linked to vmlinux, whereas the objects from lib-y are linked
as needed; if there is no user of a lib-y object, it is not linked.

lib-y is intended to list utility functions that may be called from all
over the place (and may be unused at all), but it is a problem for
EXPORT_SYMBOL(). Even if there is no call-site in the vmlinux, we need
to keep exported symbols for the use from loadable modules.

Commit 7f2084fa55 ("[kbuild] handle exports in lib-y objects reliably")
worked around it by linking a dummy object, lib-ksyms.o, which contains
references to all the symbols exported from lib.a in that directory.
It uses the linker script command, EXTERN. Unfortunately, the meaning of
EXTERN of ld.lld is different from that of ld.bfd. Therefore, this does
not work with LD=ld.lld (CBL issue #515).

Anyway, the build rule of lib-ksyms.o is somewhat tricky. So, I want to
get rid of it.

At first, I was thinking of accumulating lib-y objects into obj-y
(or even replacing lib-y with obj-y entirely), but the lib-y syntax
is used beyond the ordinary use in lib/ and arch/*/lib/.

Examples:

 - drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile builds lib.a, which is linked
   into vmlinux in the own way (arm64), or linked to the decompressor
   (arm, x86).

 - arch/alpha/lib/Makefile builds lib.a which is linked not only to
   vmlinux, but also to bootloaders in arch/alpha/boot/Makefile.

 - arch/xtensa/boot/lib/Makefile builds lib.a for use from
   arch/xtensa/boot/boot-redboot/Makefile.

One more thing, adding everything to obj-y would increase the vmlinux
size of allnoconfig (or tinyconfig).

For less impact, I tweaked the destination of lib.a at the top Makefile;
when CONFIG_MODULES=y, lib.a goes to KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS, which is
forcibly linked to vmlinux, otherwise lib.a goes to KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS
as before.

The size impact for normal usecases is quite small since at lease one
symbol in every lib-y object is eventually called by someone. In case
you are intrested, here are the figures.

x86_64_defconfig:

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
19566602 5422072 1589328 26578002 1958c52 vmlinux.before
19566932 5422104 1589328 26578364 1958dbc vmlinux.after

The case with the biggest impact is allnoconfig + CONFIG_MODULES=y.

ARCH=x86 allnoconfig + CONFIG_MODULES=y:

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
1175162	 254740	1220608	2650510	 28718e	vmlinux.before
1177974	 254836	1220608	2653418	 287cea	vmlinux.after

Hopefully this is still not a big deal. The per-file trimming with the
static library is not so effective after all.

If fine-grained optimization is desired, some architectures support
CONFIG_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION, which trims dead code per-symbol
basis. When LTO is supported in mainline, even better optimization will
be possible.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/515
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
arch MIPS: fw: arc: add __weak to prom_meminit and prom_free_prom_memory 2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
block SCSI misc on 20200402 2020-04-02 17:03:53 -07:00
certs .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
crypto x86: update AS_* macros to binutils >=2.23, supporting ADX and AVX2 2020-04-09 00:12:48 +09:00
Documentation Documentation/llvm: fix the name of llvm-size 2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
drivers drm/i915: remove always-defined CONFIG_AS_MOVNTDQA 2020-04-09 00:01:59 +09:00
fs Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew) 2020-04-07 14:11:54 -07:00
include crypto: curve25519 - do not pollute dispatcher based on assembler 2020-04-09 00:01:59 +09:00
init kbuild: do not pass $(KBUILD_CFLAGS) to scripts/mkcompile_h 2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
ipc ipc/shm.c: make compat_ksys_shmctl() static 2020-04-07 10:43:45 -07:00
kernel kernel/gcov/fs.c: replace zero-length array with flexible-array member 2020-04-07 10:43:44 -07:00
lib x86: update AS_* macros to binutils >=2.23, supporting ADX and AVX2 2020-04-09 00:12:48 +09:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Rename other to deprecated 2019-05-03 06:34:32 -06:00
mm mm/gup: Mark lock taken only after a successful retake 2020-04-07 19:34:31 -07:00
net x86: update AS_* macros to binutils >=2.23, supporting ADX and AVX2 2020-04-09 00:12:48 +09:00
samples samples/hw_breakpoint: drop use of kallsyms_lookup_name() 2020-04-07 10:43:44 -07:00
scripts kbuild: link lib-y objects to vmlinux forcibly when CONFIG_MODULES=y 2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
security Keyrings fixes 2020-04-04 12:24:47 -07:00
sound SPDX patches for 5.7-rc1. 2020-04-03 13:12:26 -07:00
tools - Convert tsens configuration DT binding to yaml (Rajeshwari) 2020-04-07 20:00:16 -07:00
usr .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
virt KVM: Pass kvm_init()'s opaque param to additional arch funcs 2020-03-31 10:48:03 -04:00
.clang-format clang-format: Update with the latest for_each macro list 2020-03-06 21:50:05 +01:00
.cocciconfig
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: use 'dts' diff driver for dts files 2019-12-04 19:44:11 -08:00
.gitignore .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
.mailmap media updates for v5.7-rc1 2020-03-30 13:42:05 -07:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Hand MIPS over to Thomas 2020-02-24 22:43:18 -08:00
Kbuild kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y 2020-02-04 01:53:07 +09:00
Kconfig docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst 2019-06-14 14:21:21 -06:00
MAINTAINERS MAINTAINERS: list the section entries in the preferred order 2020-04-07 10:43:42 -07:00
Makefile kbuild: link lib-y objects to vmlinux forcibly when CONFIG_MODULES=y 2020-04-09 00:13:45 +09:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

README 

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.