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https://github.com/torvalds/linux.git
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5c9a8750a6
kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing (randomized testing). Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a system. A notable user-space example is AFL (http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/). However, this technique is not widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel support. kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible. It aims to collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs. To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking). Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the API anticipates additional collection modes. Initially I also implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch). I've dropped the second mode for simplicity. This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side. The complimentary compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296. We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months: https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller. Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly help is more traditional "blob mutation". For example, mounting a random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire. Why not gcov. Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat. A typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g. an invalid input). In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M). Cost of kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges. On top of that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage. With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible. kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is insecure. But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible. Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode'] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards] Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com> Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com> Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
405 lines
14 KiB
Makefile
405 lines
14 KiB
Makefile
# Backward compatibility
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asflags-y += $(EXTRA_AFLAGS)
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ccflags-y += $(EXTRA_CFLAGS)
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cppflags-y += $(EXTRA_CPPFLAGS)
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ldflags-y += $(EXTRA_LDFLAGS)
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#
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# flags that take effect in sub directories
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export KBUILD_SUBDIR_ASFLAGS := $(KBUILD_SUBDIR_ASFLAGS) $(subdir-asflags-y)
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export KBUILD_SUBDIR_CCFLAGS := $(KBUILD_SUBDIR_CCFLAGS) $(subdir-ccflags-y)
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# Figure out what we need to build from the various variables
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# ===========================================================================
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# When an object is listed to be built compiled-in and modular,
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# only build the compiled-in version
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obj-m := $(filter-out $(obj-y),$(obj-m))
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# Libraries are always collected in one lib file.
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# Filter out objects already built-in
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lib-y := $(filter-out $(obj-y), $(sort $(lib-y) $(lib-m)))
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# Handle objects in subdirs
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# o if we encounter foo/ in $(obj-y), replace it by foo/built-in.o
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# and add the directory to the list of dirs to descend into: $(subdir-y)
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# o if we encounter foo/ in $(obj-m), remove it from $(obj-m)
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# and add the directory to the list of dirs to descend into: $(subdir-m)
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# Determine modorder.
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# Unfortunately, we don't have information about ordering between -y
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# and -m subdirs. Just put -y's first.
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modorder := $(patsubst %/,%/modules.order, $(filter %/, $(obj-y)) $(obj-m:.o=.ko))
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__subdir-y := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(obj-y)))
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subdir-y += $(__subdir-y)
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__subdir-m := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(obj-m)))
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subdir-m += $(__subdir-m)
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obj-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(obj-y))
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obj-m := $(filter-out %/, $(obj-m))
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# Subdirectories we need to descend into
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subdir-ym := $(sort $(subdir-y) $(subdir-m))
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# if $(foo-objs) exists, foo.o is a composite object
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multi-used-y := $(sort $(foreach m,$(obj-y), $(if $(strip $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y))), $(m))))
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multi-used-m := $(sort $(foreach m,$(obj-m), $(if $(strip $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)) $($(m:.o=-m))), $(m))))
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multi-used := $(multi-used-y) $(multi-used-m)
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single-used-m := $(sort $(filter-out $(multi-used-m),$(obj-m)))
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# Build list of the parts of our composite objects, our composite
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# objects depend on those (obviously)
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multi-objs-y := $(foreach m, $(multi-used-y), $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)))
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multi-objs-m := $(foreach m, $(multi-used-m), $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)))
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multi-objs := $(multi-objs-y) $(multi-objs-m)
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# $(subdir-obj-y) is the list of objects in $(obj-y) which uses dir/ to
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# tell kbuild to descend
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subdir-obj-y := $(filter %/built-in.o, $(obj-y))
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# $(obj-dirs) is a list of directories that contain object files
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obj-dirs := $(dir $(multi-objs) $(obj-y))
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# Replace multi-part objects by their individual parts, look at local dir only
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real-objs-y := $(foreach m, $(filter-out $(subdir-obj-y), $(obj-y)), $(if $(strip $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y))),$($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)),$(m))) $(extra-y)
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real-objs-m := $(foreach m, $(obj-m), $(if $(strip $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)) $($(m:.o=-m))),$($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y)) $($(m:.o=-m)),$(m)))
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# Add subdir path
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extra-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(extra-y))
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always := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(always))
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targets := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(targets))
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modorder := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(modorder))
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obj-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(obj-y))
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obj-m := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(obj-m))
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lib-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(lib-y))
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subdir-obj-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(subdir-obj-y))
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real-objs-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(real-objs-y))
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real-objs-m := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(real-objs-m))
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single-used-m := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(single-used-m))
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multi-used-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(multi-used-y))
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multi-used-m := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(multi-used-m))
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multi-objs-y := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(multi-objs-y))
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multi-objs-m := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(multi-objs-m))
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subdir-ym := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(subdir-ym))
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obj-dirs := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(obj-dirs))
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# These flags are needed for modversions and compiling, so we define them here
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# already
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# $(modname_flags) #defines KBUILD_MODNAME as the name of the module it will
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# end up in (or would, if it gets compiled in)
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# Note: Files that end up in two or more modules are compiled without the
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# KBUILD_MODNAME definition. The reason is that any made-up name would
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# differ in different configs.
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name-fix = $(subst $(comma),_,$(subst -,_,$1))
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basename_flags = -D"KBUILD_BASENAME=KBUILD_STR($(call name-fix,$(basetarget)))"
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modname_flags = $(if $(filter 1,$(words $(modname))),\
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-D"KBUILD_MODNAME=KBUILD_STR($(call name-fix,$(modname)))")
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orig_c_flags = $(KBUILD_CPPFLAGS) $(KBUILD_CFLAGS) $(KBUILD_SUBDIR_CCFLAGS) \
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$(ccflags-y) $(CFLAGS_$(basetarget).o)
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_c_flags = $(filter-out $(CFLAGS_REMOVE_$(basetarget).o), $(orig_c_flags))
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orig_a_flags = $(KBUILD_CPPFLAGS) $(KBUILD_AFLAGS) $(KBUILD_SUBDIR_ASFLAGS) \
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$(asflags-y) $(AFLAGS_$(basetarget).o)
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_a_flags = $(filter-out $(AFLAGS_REMOVE_$(basetarget).o), $(orig_a_flags))
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_cpp_flags = $(KBUILD_CPPFLAGS) $(cppflags-y) $(CPPFLAGS_$(@F))
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#
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# Enable gcov profiling flags for a file, directory or for all files depending
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# on variables GCOV_PROFILE_obj.o, GCOV_PROFILE and CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
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# (in this order)
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#
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL),y)
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_c_flags += $(if $(patsubst n%,, \
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$(GCOV_PROFILE_$(basetarget).o)$(GCOV_PROFILE)$(CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL)), \
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$(CFLAGS_GCOV))
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endif
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#
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# Enable address sanitizer flags for kernel except some files or directories
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# we don't want to check (depends on variables KASAN_SANITIZE_obj.o, KASAN_SANITIZE)
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#
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_KASAN),y)
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_c_flags += $(if $(patsubst n%,, \
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$(KASAN_SANITIZE_$(basetarget).o)$(KASAN_SANITIZE)y), \
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$(CFLAGS_KASAN))
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endif
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_UBSAN),y)
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_c_flags += $(if $(patsubst n%,, \
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$(UBSAN_SANITIZE_$(basetarget).o)$(UBSAN_SANITIZE)$(CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL)), \
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$(CFLAGS_UBSAN))
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endif
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_KCOV),y)
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_c_flags += $(if $(patsubst n%,, \
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$(KCOV_INSTRUMENT_$(basetarget).o)$(KCOV_INSTRUMENT)y), \
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$(CFLAGS_KCOV))
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endif
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# If building the kernel in a separate objtree expand all occurrences
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# of -Idir to -I$(srctree)/dir except for absolute paths (starting with '/').
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ifeq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
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__c_flags = $(_c_flags)
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__a_flags = $(_a_flags)
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__cpp_flags = $(_cpp_flags)
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else
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# -I$(obj) locates generated .h files
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# $(call addtree,-I$(obj)) locates .h files in srctree, from generated .c files
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# and locates generated .h files
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# FIXME: Replace both with specific CFLAGS* statements in the makefiles
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__c_flags = $(call addtree,-I$(obj)) $(call flags,_c_flags)
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__a_flags = $(call flags,_a_flags)
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__cpp_flags = $(call flags,_cpp_flags)
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endif
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c_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE) \
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$(__c_flags) $(modkern_cflags) \
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-D"KBUILD_STR(s)=\#s" $(basename_flags) $(modname_flags)
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a_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE) \
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$(__a_flags) $(modkern_aflags)
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cpp_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(LINUXINCLUDE) \
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$(__cpp_flags)
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ld_flags = $(LDFLAGS) $(ldflags-y)
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dtc_cpp_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile).pre.tmp -nostdinc \
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-I$(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/boot/dts \
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-I$(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/boot/dts/include \
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-I$(srctree)/drivers/of/testcase-data \
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-undef -D__DTS__
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# Finds the multi-part object the current object will be linked into
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modname-multi = $(sort $(foreach m,$(multi-used),\
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$(if $(filter $(subst $(obj)/,,$*.o), $($(m:.o=-objs)) $($(m:.o=-y))),$(m:.o=))))
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# Useful for describing the dependency of composite objects
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# Usage:
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# $(call multi_depend, multi_used_targets, suffix_to_remove, suffix_to_add)
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define multi_depend
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$(foreach m, $(notdir $1), \
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$(eval $(obj)/$m: \
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$(addprefix $(obj)/, $(foreach s, $3, $($(m:%$(strip $2)=%$(s)))))))
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endef
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ifdef REGENERATE_PARSERS
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# GPERF
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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quiet_cmd_gperf = GPERF $@
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cmd_gperf = gperf -t --output-file $@ -a -C -E -g -k 1,3,$$ -p -t $<
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.PRECIOUS: $(src)/%.hash.c_shipped
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$(src)/%.hash.c_shipped: $(src)/%.gperf
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$(call cmd,gperf)
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# LEX
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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LEX_PREFIX = $(if $(LEX_PREFIX_${baseprereq}),$(LEX_PREFIX_${baseprereq}),yy)
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quiet_cmd_flex = LEX $@
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cmd_flex = flex -o$@ -L -P $(LEX_PREFIX) $<
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.PRECIOUS: $(src)/%.lex.c_shipped
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$(src)/%.lex.c_shipped: $(src)/%.l
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$(call cmd,flex)
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# YACC
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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YACC_PREFIX = $(if $(YACC_PREFIX_${baseprereq}),$(YACC_PREFIX_${baseprereq}),yy)
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quiet_cmd_bison = YACC $@
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cmd_bison = bison -o$@ -t -l -p $(YACC_PREFIX) $<
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.PRECIOUS: $(src)/%.tab.c_shipped
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$(src)/%.tab.c_shipped: $(src)/%.y
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$(call cmd,bison)
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quiet_cmd_bison_h = YACC $@
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cmd_bison_h = bison -o/dev/null --defines=$@ -t -l -p $(YACC_PREFIX) $<
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.PRECIOUS: $(src)/%.tab.h_shipped
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$(src)/%.tab.h_shipped: $(src)/%.y
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$(call cmd,bison_h)
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endif
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# Shipped files
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# ===========================================================================
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quiet_cmd_shipped = SHIPPED $@
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cmd_shipped = cat $< > $@
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$(obj)/%: $(src)/%_shipped
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$(call cmd,shipped)
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# Commands useful for building a boot image
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# ===========================================================================
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#
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# Use as following:
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#
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# target: source(s) FORCE
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# $(if_changed,ld/objcopy/gzip)
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#
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# and add target to extra-y so that we know we have to
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# read in the saved command line
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# Linking
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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quiet_cmd_ld = LD $@
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cmd_ld = $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(ldflags-y) $(LDFLAGS_$(@F)) \
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$(filter-out FORCE,$^) -o $@
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# Objcopy
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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quiet_cmd_objcopy = OBJCOPY $@
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cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@
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# Gzip
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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quiet_cmd_gzip = GZIP $@
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cmd_gzip = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | gzip -n -f -9 > $@) || \
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(rm -f $@ ; false)
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# DTC
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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DTC ?= $(objtree)/scripts/dtc/dtc
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# Generate an assembly file to wrap the output of the device tree compiler
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quiet_cmd_dt_S_dtb= DTB $@
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cmd_dt_S_dtb= \
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( \
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echo '\#include <asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h>'; \
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echo '.section .dtb.init.rodata,"a"'; \
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echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT'; \
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echo '.global __dtb_$(*F)_begin'; \
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echo '__dtb_$(*F)_begin:'; \
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echo '.incbin "$<" '; \
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echo '__dtb_$(*F)_end:'; \
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echo '.global __dtb_$(*F)_end'; \
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echo '.balign STRUCT_ALIGNMENT'; \
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) > $@
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$(obj)/%.dtb.S: $(obj)/%.dtb
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$(call cmd,dt_S_dtb)
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quiet_cmd_dtc = DTC $@
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cmd_dtc = mkdir -p $(dir ${dtc-tmp}) ; \
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$(CPP) $(dtc_cpp_flags) -x assembler-with-cpp -o $(dtc-tmp) $< ; \
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$(DTC) -O dtb -o $@ -b 0 \
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-i $(dir $<) $(DTC_FLAGS) \
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-d $(depfile).dtc.tmp $(dtc-tmp) ; \
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cat $(depfile).pre.tmp $(depfile).dtc.tmp > $(depfile)
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$(obj)/%.dtb: $(src)/%.dts FORCE
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$(call if_changed_dep,dtc)
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dtc-tmp = $(subst $(comma),_,$(dot-target).dts.tmp)
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# Bzip2
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Bzip2 and LZMA do not include size in file... so we have to fake that;
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# append the size as a 32-bit littleendian number as gzip does.
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size_append = printf $(shell \
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dec_size=0; \
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for F in $1; do \
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fsize=$$(stat -c "%s" $$F); \
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dec_size=$$(expr $$dec_size + $$fsize); \
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done; \
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printf "%08x\n" $$dec_size | \
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sed 's/\(..\)/\1 /g' | { \
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read ch0 ch1 ch2 ch3; \
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for ch in $$ch3 $$ch2 $$ch1 $$ch0; do \
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printf '%s%03o' '\\' $$((0x$$ch)); \
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done; \
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} \
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)
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quiet_cmd_bzip2 = BZIP2 $@
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cmd_bzip2 = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
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bzip2 -9 && $(call size_append, $(filter-out FORCE,$^))) > $@ || \
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(rm -f $@ ; false)
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# Lzma
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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quiet_cmd_lzma = LZMA $@
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cmd_lzma = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
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lzma -9 && $(call size_append, $(filter-out FORCE,$^))) > $@ || \
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(rm -f $@ ; false)
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quiet_cmd_lzo = LZO $@
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cmd_lzo = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
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lzop -9 && $(call size_append, $(filter-out FORCE,$^))) > $@ || \
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(rm -f $@ ; false)
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quiet_cmd_lz4 = LZ4 $@
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cmd_lz4 = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
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lz4c -l -c1 stdin stdout && $(call size_append, $(filter-out FORCE,$^))) > $@ || \
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(rm -f $@ ; false)
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# U-Boot mkimage
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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MKIMAGE := $(srctree)/scripts/mkuboot.sh
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# SRCARCH just happens to match slightly more than ARCH (on sparc), so reduces
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# the number of overrides in arch makefiles
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UIMAGE_ARCH ?= $(SRCARCH)
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UIMAGE_COMPRESSION ?= $(if $(2),$(2),none)
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UIMAGE_OPTS-y ?=
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UIMAGE_TYPE ?= kernel
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UIMAGE_LOADADDR ?= arch_must_set_this
|
|
UIMAGE_ENTRYADDR ?= $(UIMAGE_LOADADDR)
|
|
UIMAGE_NAME ?= 'Linux-$(KERNELRELEASE)'
|
|
UIMAGE_IN ?= $<
|
|
UIMAGE_OUT ?= $@
|
|
|
|
quiet_cmd_uimage = UIMAGE $(UIMAGE_OUT)
|
|
cmd_uimage = $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(MKIMAGE) -A $(UIMAGE_ARCH) -O linux \
|
|
-C $(UIMAGE_COMPRESSION) $(UIMAGE_OPTS-y) \
|
|
-T $(UIMAGE_TYPE) \
|
|
-a $(UIMAGE_LOADADDR) -e $(UIMAGE_ENTRYADDR) \
|
|
-n $(UIMAGE_NAME) -d $(UIMAGE_IN) $(UIMAGE_OUT)
|
|
|
|
# XZ
|
|
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# Use xzkern to compress the kernel image and xzmisc to compress other things.
|
|
#
|
|
# xzkern uses a big LZMA2 dictionary since it doesn't increase memory usage
|
|
# of the kernel decompressor. A BCJ filter is used if it is available for
|
|
# the target architecture. xzkern also appends uncompressed size of the data
|
|
# using size_append. The .xz format has the size information available at
|
|
# the end of the file too, but it's in more complex format and it's good to
|
|
# avoid changing the part of the boot code that reads the uncompressed size.
|
|
# Note that the bytes added by size_append will make the xz tool think that
|
|
# the file is corrupt. This is expected.
|
|
#
|
|
# xzmisc doesn't use size_append, so it can be used to create normal .xz
|
|
# files. xzmisc uses smaller LZMA2 dictionary than xzkern, because a very
|
|
# big dictionary would increase the memory usage too much in the multi-call
|
|
# decompression mode. A BCJ filter isn't used either.
|
|
quiet_cmd_xzkern = XZKERN $@
|
|
cmd_xzkern = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
|
|
sh $(srctree)/scripts/xz_wrap.sh && \
|
|
$(call size_append, $(filter-out FORCE,$^))) > $@ || \
|
|
(rm -f $@ ; false)
|
|
|
|
quiet_cmd_xzmisc = XZMISC $@
|
|
cmd_xzmisc = (cat $(filter-out FORCE,$^) | \
|
|
xz --check=crc32 --lzma2=dict=1MiB) > $@ || \
|
|
(rm -f $@ ; false)
|