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linux/arch/x86/lib/csum-copy_64.S
Denys Vlasenko 3e1aa7cb59 x86/asm: Optimize unnecessarily wide TEST instructions 
By the nature of the TEST operation, it is often possible to test
a narrower part of the operand:

    "testl $3,  mem"  ->  "testb $3, mem",
    "testq $3, %rcx"  ->  "testb $3, %cl"

This results in shorter instructions, because the TEST instruction
has no sign-entending byte-immediate forms unlike other ALU ops.

Note that this change does not create any LCP (Length-Changing Prefix)
stalls, which happen when adding a 0x66 prefix, which happens when
16-bit immediates are used, which changes such TEST instructions:

  [test_opcode] [modrm] [imm32]

to:

  [0x66] [test_opcode] [modrm] [imm16]

where [imm16] has a *different length* now: 2 bytes instead of 4.
This confuses the decoder and slows down execution.

REX prefixes were carefully designed to almost never hit this case:
adding REX prefix does not change instruction length except MOVABS
and MOV [addr],RAX instruction.

This patch does not add instructions which would use a 0x66 prefix,
code changes in assembly are:

    -48 f7 07 01 00 00 00 	testq  $0x1,(%rdi)
    +f6 07 01             	testb  $0x1,(%rdi)
    -48 f7 c1 01 00 00 00 	test   $0x1,%rcx
    +f6 c1 01             	test   $0x1,%cl
    -48 f7 c1 02 00 00 00 	test   $0x2,%rcx
    +f6 c1 02             	test   $0x2,%cl
    -41 f7 c2 01 00 00 00 	test   $0x1,%r10d
    +41 f6 c2 01          	test   $0x1,%r10b
    -48 f7 c1 04 00 00 00 	test   $0x4,%rcx
    +f6 c1 04             	test   $0x4,%cl
    -48 f7 c1 08 00 00 00 	test   $0x8,%rcx
    +f6 c1 08             	test   $0x8,%cl

Linus further notes:

   "There are no stalls from using 8-bit instruction forms.

    Now, changing from 64-bit or 32-bit 'test' instructions to 8-bit ones
    *could* cause problems if it ends up having forwarding issues, so that
    instead of just forwarding the result, you end up having to wait for
    it to be stable in the L1 cache (or possibly the register file). The
    forwarding from the store buffer is simplest and most reliable if the
    read is done at the exact same address and the exact same size as the
    write that gets forwarded.

    But that's true only if:

     (a) the write was very recent and is still in the write queue. I'm
         not sure that's the case here anyway.

     (b) on at least most Intel microarchitectures, you have to test a
         different byte than the lowest one (so forwarding a 64-bit write
         to a 8-bit read ends up working fine, as long as the 8-bit read
         is of the low 8 bits of the written data).

    A very similar issue *might* show up for registers too, not just
    memory writes, if you use 'testb' with a high-byte register (where
    instead of forwarding the value from the original producer it needs to
    go through the register file and then shifted). But it's mainly a
    problem for store buffers.

    But afaik, the way Denys changed the test instructions, neither of the
    above issues should be true.

    The real problem for store buffer forwarding tends to be "write 8
    bits, read 32 bits". That can be really surprisingly expensive,
    because the read ends up having to wait until the write has hit the
    cacheline, and we might talk tens of cycles of latency here. But
    "write 32 bits, read the low 8 bits" *should* be fast on pretty much
    all x86 chips, afaik."

Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1425675332-31576-1-git-send-email-dvlasenk@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-03-07 11:12:43 +01:00

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/*
* Copyright 2002, 2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
* License. See the file COPYING in the main directory of this archive
* for more details. No warranty for anything given at all.
*/
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <asm/dwarf2.h>
#include <asm/errno.h>
#include <asm/asm.h>
/*
* Checksum copy with exception handling.
* On exceptions src_err_ptr or dst_err_ptr is set to -EFAULT and the
* destination is zeroed.
*
* Input
* rdi source
* rsi destination
* edx len (32bit)
* ecx sum (32bit)
* r8 src_err_ptr (int)
* r9 dst_err_ptr (int)
*
* Output
* eax 64bit sum. undefined in case of exception.
*
* Wrappers need to take care of valid exception sum and zeroing.
* They also should align source or destination to 8 bytes.
*/
.macro source
10:
_ASM_EXTABLE(10b, .Lbad_source)
.endm
.macro dest
20:
_ASM_EXTABLE(20b, .Lbad_dest)
.endm
.macro ignore L=.Lignore
30:
_ASM_EXTABLE(30b, \L)
.endm
ENTRY(csum_partial_copy_generic)
CFI_STARTPROC
cmpl $3*64, %edx
jle .Lignore
.Lignore:
subq $7*8, %rsp
CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 7*8
movq %rbx, 2*8(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET rbx, 2*8
movq %r12, 3*8(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET r12, 3*8
movq %r14, 4*8(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET r14, 4*8
movq %r13, 5*8(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET r13, 5*8
movq %rbp, 6*8(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET rbp, 6*8
movq %r8, (%rsp)
movq %r9, 1*8(%rsp)
movl %ecx, %eax
movl %edx, %ecx
xorl %r9d, %r9d
movq %rcx, %r12
shrq $6, %r12
jz .Lhandle_tail /* < 64 */
clc
/* main loop. clear in 64 byte blocks */
/* r9: zero, r8: temp2, rbx: temp1, rax: sum, rcx: saved length */
/* r11: temp3, rdx: temp4, r12 loopcnt */
/* r10: temp5, rbp: temp6, r14 temp7, r13 temp8 */
.p2align 4
.Lloop:
source
movq (%rdi), %rbx
source
movq 8(%rdi), %r8
source
movq 16(%rdi), %r11
source
movq 24(%rdi), %rdx
source
movq 32(%rdi), %r10
source
movq 40(%rdi), %rbp
source
movq 48(%rdi), %r14
source
movq 56(%rdi), %r13
ignore 2f
prefetcht0 5*64(%rdi)
2:
adcq %rbx, %rax
adcq %r8, %rax
adcq %r11, %rax
adcq %rdx, %rax
adcq %r10, %rax
adcq %rbp, %rax
adcq %r14, %rax
adcq %r13, %rax
decl %r12d
dest
movq %rbx, (%rsi)
dest
movq %r8, 8(%rsi)
dest
movq %r11, 16(%rsi)
dest
movq %rdx, 24(%rsi)
dest
movq %r10, 32(%rsi)
dest
movq %rbp, 40(%rsi)
dest
movq %r14, 48(%rsi)
dest
movq %r13, 56(%rsi)
3:
leaq 64(%rdi), %rdi
leaq 64(%rsi), %rsi
jnz .Lloop
adcq %r9, %rax
/* do last up to 56 bytes */
.Lhandle_tail:
/* ecx: count */
movl %ecx, %r10d
andl $63, %ecx
shrl $3, %ecx
jz .Lfold
clc
.p2align 4
.Lloop_8:
source
movq (%rdi), %rbx
adcq %rbx, %rax
decl %ecx
dest
movq %rbx, (%rsi)
leaq 8(%rsi), %rsi /* preserve carry */
leaq 8(%rdi), %rdi
jnz .Lloop_8
adcq %r9, %rax /* add in carry */
.Lfold:
/* reduce checksum to 32bits */
movl %eax, %ebx
shrq $32, %rax
addl %ebx, %eax
adcl %r9d, %eax
/* do last up to 6 bytes */
.Lhandle_7:
movl %r10d, %ecx
andl $7, %ecx
shrl $1, %ecx
jz .Lhandle_1
movl $2, %edx
xorl %ebx, %ebx
clc
.p2align 4
.Lloop_1:
source
movw (%rdi), %bx
adcl %ebx, %eax
decl %ecx
dest
movw %bx, (%rsi)
leaq 2(%rdi), %rdi
leaq 2(%rsi), %rsi
jnz .Lloop_1
adcl %r9d, %eax /* add in carry */
/* handle last odd byte */
.Lhandle_1:
testb $1, %r10b
jz .Lende
xorl %ebx, %ebx
source
movb (%rdi), %bl
dest
movb %bl, (%rsi)
addl %ebx, %eax
adcl %r9d, %eax /* carry */
CFI_REMEMBER_STATE
.Lende:
movq 2*8(%rsp), %rbx
CFI_RESTORE rbx
movq 3*8(%rsp), %r12
CFI_RESTORE r12
movq 4*8(%rsp), %r14
CFI_RESTORE r14
movq 5*8(%rsp), %r13
CFI_RESTORE r13
movq 6*8(%rsp), %rbp
CFI_RESTORE rbp
addq $7*8, %rsp
CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -7*8
ret
CFI_RESTORE_STATE
/* Exception handlers. Very simple, zeroing is done in the wrappers */
.Lbad_source:
movq (%rsp), %rax
testq %rax, %rax
jz .Lende
movl $-EFAULT, (%rax)
jmp .Lende
.Lbad_dest:
movq 8(%rsp), %rax
testq %rax, %rax
jz .Lende
movl $-EFAULT, (%rax)
jmp .Lende
CFI_ENDPROC
ENDPROC(csum_partial_copy_generic)
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