linux/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c

/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
 *	Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
 *
 *  X86-64 port
 *	Andi Kleen.
 *
 *	CPU hotplug support - ashok.raj@intel.com
 */

/*
 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling..
 */

#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/elfcore.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/user.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/prctl.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>

#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/i387.h>
#include <asm/fpu-internal.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/prctl.h>
#include <asm/desc.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#include <asm/ia32.h>
#include <asm/idle.h>
#include <asm/syscalls.h>
#include <asm/debugreg.h>
#include <asm/switch_to.h>

asmlinkage extern void ret_from_fork(void);

__visible DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, old_rsp);

/* Prints also some state that isn't saved in the pt_regs */
void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
{
	unsigned long cr0 = 0L, cr2 = 0L, cr3 = 0L, cr4 = 0L, fs, gs, shadowgs;
	unsigned long d0, d1, d2, d3, d6, d7;
	unsigned int fsindex, gsindex;
	unsigned int ds, cs, es;

	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "RIP: %04lx:[<%016lx>] ", regs->cs & 0xffff, regs->ip);
	printk_address(regs->ip);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "RSP: %04lx:%016lx  EFLAGS: %08lx\n", regs->ss,
			regs->sp, regs->flags);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "RAX: %016lx RBX: %016lx RCX: %016lx\n",
	       regs->ax, regs->bx, regs->cx);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "RDX: %016lx RSI: %016lx RDI: %016lx\n",
	       regs->dx, regs->si, regs->di);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "RBP: %016lx R08: %016lx R09: %016lx\n",
	       regs->bp, regs->r8, regs->r9);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "R10: %016lx R11: %016lx R12: %016lx\n",
	       regs->r10, regs->r11, regs->r12);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "R13: %016lx R14: %016lx R15: %016lx\n",
	       regs->r13, regs->r14, regs->r15);

	asm("movl %%ds,%0" : "=r" (ds));
	asm("movl %%cs,%0" : "=r" (cs));
	asm("movl %%es,%0" : "=r" (es));
	asm("movl %%fs,%0" : "=r" (fsindex));
	asm("movl %%gs,%0" : "=r" (gsindex));

	rdmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE, fs);
	rdmsrl(MSR_GS_BASE, gs);
	rdmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, shadowgs);

	if (!all)
		return;

	cr0 = read_cr0();
	cr2 = read_cr2();
	cr3 = read_cr3();
	cr4 = read_cr4();

	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "FS:  %016lx(%04x) GS:%016lx(%04x) knlGS:%016lx\n",
	       fs, fsindex, gs, gsindex, shadowgs);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CS:  %04x DS: %04x ES: %04x CR0: %016lx\n", cs, ds,
			es, cr0);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CR2: %016lx CR3: %016lx CR4: %016lx\n", cr2, cr3,
			cr4);

	get_debugreg(d0, 0);
	get_debugreg(d1, 1);
	get_debugreg(d2, 2);
	get_debugreg(d3, 3);
	get_debugreg(d6, 6);
	get_debugreg(d7, 7);

	/* Only print out debug registers if they are in their non-default state. */
	if ((d0 == 0) && (d1 == 0) && (d2 == 0) && (d3 == 0) &&
	    (d6 == DR6_RESERVED) && (d7 == 0x400))
		return;

	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR0: %016lx DR1: %016lx DR2: %016lx\n", d0, d1, d2);
	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR3: %016lx DR6: %016lx DR7: %016lx\n", d3, d6, d7);

}

void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
{
	if (dead_task->mm) {
		if (dead_task->mm->context.size) {
			pr_warn("WARNING: dead process %s still has LDT? <%p/%d>\n",
				dead_task->comm,
				dead_task->mm->context.ldt,
				dead_task->mm->context.size);
			BUG();
		}
	}
}

static inline void set_32bit_tls(struct task_struct *t, int tls, u32 addr)
{
	struct user_desc ud = {
		.base_addr = addr,
		.limit = 0xfffff,
		.seg_32bit = 1,
		.limit_in_pages = 1,
		.useable = 1,
	};
	struct desc_struct *desc = t->thread.tls_array;
	desc += tls;
	fill_ldt(desc, &ud);
}

static inline u32 read_32bit_tls(struct task_struct *t, int tls)
{
	return get_desc_base(&t->thread.tls_array[tls]);
}

int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long sp,
		unsigned long arg, struct task_struct *p)
{
	int err;
	struct pt_regs *childregs;
	struct task_struct *me = current;

	p->thread.sp0 = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p) + THREAD_SIZE;
	childregs = task_pt_regs(p);
	p->thread.sp = (unsigned long) childregs;
	p->thread.usersp = me->thread.usersp;
	set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_FORK);
	p->thread.fpu_counter = 0;
	p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;

	savesegment(gs, p->thread.gsindex);
	p->thread.gs = p->thread.gsindex ? 0 : me->thread.gs;
	savesegment(fs, p->thread.fsindex);
	p->thread.fs = p->thread.fsindex ? 0 : me->thread.fs;
	savesegment(es, p->thread.es);
	savesegment(ds, p->thread.ds);
	memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));

	if (unlikely(p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)) {
		/* kernel thread */
		memset(childregs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
		childregs->sp = (unsigned long)childregs;
		childregs->ss = __KERNEL_DS;
		childregs->bx = sp; /* function */
		childregs->bp = arg;
		childregs->orig_ax = -1;
		childregs->cs = __KERNEL_CS | get_kernel_rpl();
		childregs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED;
		return 0;
	}
	*childregs = *current_pt_regs();

	childregs->ax = 0;
	if (sp)
		childregs->sp = sp;

	err = -ENOMEM;
	memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));

	if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(me, TIF_IO_BITMAP))) {
		p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = kmemdup(me->thread.io_bitmap_ptr,
						  IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
			p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
		set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_IO_BITMAP);
	}

	/*
	 * Set a new TLS for the child thread?
	 */
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS) {
#ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
		if (test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32))
			err = do_set_thread_area(p, -1,
				(struct user_desc __user *)childregs->si, 0);
		else
#endif
			err = do_arch_prctl(p, ARCH_SET_FS, childregs->r8);
		if (err)
			goto out;
	}
	err = 0;
out:
	if (err && p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
		kfree(p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr);
		p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
	}

	return err;
}

static void
start_thread_common(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip,
		    unsigned long new_sp,
		    unsigned int _cs, unsigned int _ss, unsigned int _ds)
{
	loadsegment(fs, 0);
	loadsegment(es, _ds);
	loadsegment(ds, _ds);
	load_gs_index(0);
	current->thread.usersp	= new_sp;
	regs->ip		= new_ip;
	regs->sp		= new_sp;
	this_cpu_write(old_rsp, new_sp);
	regs->cs		= _cs;
	regs->ss		= _ss;
	regs->flags		= X86_EFLAGS_IF;
}

void
start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip, unsigned long new_sp)
{
	start_thread_common(regs, new_ip, new_sp,
			    __USER_CS, __USER_DS, 0);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
void start_thread_ia32(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 new_ip, u32 new_sp)
{
	start_thread_common(regs, new_ip, new_sp,
			    test_thread_flag(TIF_X32)
			    ? __USER_CS : __USER32_CS,
			    __USER_DS, __USER_DS);
}
#endif

/*
 *	switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y.
 *
 * This could still be optimized:
 * - fold all the options into a flag word and test it with a single test.
 * - could test fs/gs bitsliced
 *
 * Kprobes not supported here. Set the probe on schedule instead.
 * Function graph tracer not supported too.
 */
__visible __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct *
__switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
{
	struct thread_struct *prev = &prev_p->thread;
	struct thread_struct *next = &next_p->thread;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
	unsigned fsindex, gsindex;
	fpu_switch_t fpu;

	fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p, cpu);

	/*
	 * Reload esp0, LDT and the page table pointer:
	 */
	load_sp0(tss, next);

	/*
	 * Switch DS and ES.
	 * This won't pick up thread selector changes, but I guess that is ok.
	 */
	savesegment(es, prev->es);
	if (unlikely(next->es | prev->es))
		loadsegment(es, next->es);

	savesegment(ds, prev->ds);
	if (unlikely(next->ds | prev->ds))
		loadsegment(ds, next->ds);


	/* We must save %fs and %gs before load_TLS() because
	 * %fs and %gs may be cleared by load_TLS().
	 *
	 * (e.g. xen_load_tls())
	 */
	savesegment(fs, fsindex);
	savesegment(gs, gsindex);

	load_TLS(next, cpu);

	/*
	 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
	 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
	 * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be
	 * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up
	 * to date.
	 */
	arch_end_context_switch(next_p);

	/*
	 * Switch FS and GS.
	 *
	 * Segment register != 0 always requires a reload.  Also
	 * reload when it has changed.  When prev process used 64bit
	 * base always reload to avoid an information leak.
	 */
	if (unlikely(fsindex | next->fsindex | prev->fs)) {
		loadsegment(fs, next->fsindex);
		/*
		 * Check if the user used a selector != 0; if yes
		 *  clear 64bit base, since overloaded base is always
		 *  mapped to the Null selector
		 */
		if (fsindex)
			prev->fs = 0;
	}
	/* when next process has a 64bit base use it */
	if (next->fs)
		wrmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE, next->fs);
	prev->fsindex = fsindex;

	if (unlikely(gsindex | next->gsindex | prev->gs)) {
		load_gs_index(next->gsindex);
		if (gsindex)
			prev->gs = 0;
	}
	if (next->gs)
		wrmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, next->gs);
	prev->gsindex = gsindex;

	switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);

	/*
	 * Switch the PDA and FPU contexts.
	 */
	prev->usersp = this_cpu_read(old_rsp);
	this_cpu_write(old_rsp, next->usersp);
	this_cpu_write(current_task, next_p);

	/*
	 * If it were not for PREEMPT_ACTIVE we could guarantee that the
	 * preempt_count of all tasks was equal here and this would not be
	 * needed.
	 */
	task_thread_info(prev_p)->saved_preempt_count = this_cpu_read(__preempt_count);
	this_cpu_write(__preempt_count, task_thread_info(next_p)->saved_preempt_count);

	this_cpu_write(kernel_stack,
		  (unsigned long)task_stack_page(next_p) +
		  THREAD_SIZE - KERNEL_STACK_OFFSET);

	/*
	 * Now maybe reload the debug registers and handle I/O bitmaps
	 */
	if (unlikely(task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT ||
		     task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV))
		__switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);

	return prev_p;
}

void set_personality_64bit(void)
{
	/* inherit personality from parent */

	/* Make sure to be in 64bit mode */
	clear_thread_flag(TIF_IA32);
	clear_thread_flag(TIF_ADDR32);
	clear_thread_flag(TIF_X32);

	/* Ensure the corresponding mm is not marked. */
	if (current->mm)
		current->mm->context.ia32_compat = 0;

	/* TBD: overwrites user setup. Should have two bits.
	   But 64bit processes have always behaved this way,
	   so it's not too bad. The main problem is just that
	   32bit childs are affected again. */
	current->personality &= ~READ_IMPLIES_EXEC;
}

void set_personality_ia32(bool x32)
{
	/* inherit personality from parent */

	/* Make sure to be in 32bit mode */
	set_thread_flag(TIF_ADDR32);

	/* Mark the associated mm as containing 32-bit tasks. */
	if (x32) {
		clear_thread_flag(TIF_IA32);
		set_thread_flag(TIF_X32);
		if (current->mm)
			current->mm->context.ia32_compat = TIF_X32;
		current->personality &= ~READ_IMPLIES_EXEC;
		/* is_compat_task() uses the presence of the x32
		   syscall bit flag to determine compat status */
		current_thread_info()->status &= ~TS_COMPAT;
	} else {
		set_thread_flag(TIF_IA32);
		clear_thread_flag(TIF_X32);
		if (current->mm)
			current->mm->context.ia32_compat = TIF_IA32;
		current->personality |= force_personality32;
		/* Prepare the first "return" to user space */
		current_thread_info()->status |= TS_COMPAT;
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(set_personality_ia32);

unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p)
{
	unsigned long stack;
	u64 fp, ip;
	int count = 0;

	if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING)
		return 0;
	stack = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p);
	if (p->thread.sp < stack || p->thread.sp >= stack+THREAD_SIZE)
		return 0;
	fp = *(u64 *)(p->thread.sp);
	do {
		if (fp < (unsigned long)stack ||
		    fp >= (unsigned long)stack+THREAD_SIZE)
			return 0;
		ip = *(u64 *)(fp+8);
		if (!in_sched_functions(ip))
			return ip;
		fp = *(u64 *)fp;
	} while (count++ < 16);
	return 0;
}

long do_arch_prctl(struct task_struct *task, int code, unsigned long addr)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int doit = task == current;
	int cpu;

	switch (code) {
	case ARCH_SET_GS:
		if (addr >= TASK_SIZE_OF(task))
			return -EPERM;
		cpu = get_cpu();
		/* handle small bases via the GDT because that's faster to
		   switch. */
		if (addr <= 0xffffffff) {
			set_32bit_tls(task, GS_TLS, addr);
			if (doit) {
				load_TLS(&task->thread, cpu);
				load_gs_index(GS_TLS_SEL);
			}
			task->thread.gsindex = GS_TLS_SEL;
			task->thread.gs = 0;
		} else {
			task->thread.gsindex = 0;
			task->thread.gs = addr;
			if (doit) {
				load_gs_index(0);
				ret = wrmsrl_safe(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, addr);
			}
		}
		put_cpu();
		break;
	case ARCH_SET_FS:
		/* Not strictly needed for fs, but do it for symmetry
		   with gs */
		if (addr >= TASK_SIZE_OF(task))
			return -EPERM;
		cpu = get_cpu();
		/* handle small bases via the GDT because that's faster to
		   switch. */
		if (addr <= 0xffffffff) {
			set_32bit_tls(task, FS_TLS, addr);
			if (doit) {
				load_TLS(&task->thread, cpu);
				loadsegment(fs, FS_TLS_SEL);
			}
			task->thread.fsindex = FS_TLS_SEL;
			task->thread.fs = 0;
		} else {
			task->thread.fsindex = 0;
			task->thread.fs = addr;
			if (doit) {
				/* set the selector to 0 to not confuse
				   __switch_to */
				loadsegment(fs, 0);
				ret = wrmsrl_safe(MSR_FS_BASE, addr);
			}
		}
		put_cpu();
		break;
	case ARCH_GET_FS: {
		unsigned long base;
		if (task->thread.fsindex == FS_TLS_SEL)
			base = read_32bit_tls(task, FS_TLS);
		else if (doit)
			rdmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE, base);
		else
			base = task->thread.fs;
		ret = put_user(base, (unsigned long __user *)addr);
		break;
	}
	case ARCH_GET_GS: {
		unsigned long base;
		unsigned gsindex;
		if (task->thread.gsindex == GS_TLS_SEL)
			base = read_32bit_tls(task, GS_TLS);
		else if (doit) {
			savesegment(gs, gsindex);
			if (gsindex)
				rdmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE, base);
			else
				base = task->thread.gs;
		} else
			base = task->thread.gs;
		ret = put_user(base, (unsigned long __user *)addr);
		break;
	}

	default:
		ret = -EINVAL;
		break;
	}

	return ret;
}

long sys_arch_prctl(int code, unsigned long addr)
{
	return do_arch_prctl(current, code, addr);
}

unsigned long KSTK_ESP(struct task_struct *task)
{
	return (test_tsk_thread_flag(task, TIF_IA32)) ?
			(task_pt_regs(task)->sp) : ((task)->thread.usersp);
}