mirror of
https://github.com/torvalds/linux.git
synced 2024-11-22 12:11:40 +00:00
790a6c21c1
Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/ as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy. Move Documentation/m68k into arch/ and fix all in-tree references. Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
912 lines
32 KiB
ReStructuredText
912 lines
32 KiB
ReStructuredText
===================================
|
|
Command Line Options for Linux/m68k
|
|
===================================
|
|
|
|
Last Update: 2 May 1999
|
|
|
|
Linux/m68k version: 2.2.6
|
|
|
|
Author: Roman.Hodek@informatik.uni-erlangen.de (Roman Hodek)
|
|
|
|
Update: jds@kom.auc.dk (Jes Sorensen) and faq@linux-m68k.org (Chris Lawrence)
|
|
|
|
0) Introduction
|
|
===============
|
|
|
|
Often I've been asked which command line options the Linux/m68k
|
|
kernel understands, or how the exact syntax for the ... option is, or
|
|
... about the option ... . I hope, this document supplies all the
|
|
answers...
|
|
|
|
Note that some options might be outdated, their descriptions being
|
|
incomplete or missing. Please update the information and send in the
|
|
patches.
|
|
|
|
|
|
1) Overview of the Kernel's Option Processing
|
|
=============================================
|
|
|
|
The kernel knows three kinds of options on its command line:
|
|
|
|
1) kernel options
|
|
2) environment settings
|
|
3) arguments for init
|
|
|
|
To which of these classes an argument belongs is determined as
|
|
follows: If the option is known to the kernel itself, i.e. if the name
|
|
(the part before the '=') or, in some cases, the whole argument string
|
|
is known to the kernel, it belongs to class 1. Otherwise, if the
|
|
argument contains an '=', it is of class 2, and the definition is put
|
|
into init's environment. All other arguments are passed to init as
|
|
command line options.
|
|
|
|
This document describes the valid kernel options for Linux/m68k in
|
|
the version mentioned at the start of this file. Later revisions may
|
|
add new such options, and some may be missing in older versions.
|
|
|
|
In general, the value (the part after the '=') of an option is a
|
|
list of values separated by commas. The interpretation of these values
|
|
is up to the driver that "owns" the option. This association of
|
|
options with drivers is also the reason that some are further
|
|
subdivided.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2) General Kernel Options
|
|
=========================
|
|
|
|
2.1) root=
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: root=/dev/<device>
|
|
:or: root=<hex_number>
|
|
|
|
This tells the kernel which device it should mount as the root
|
|
filesystem. The device must be a block device with a valid filesystem
|
|
on it.
|
|
|
|
The first syntax gives the device by name. These names are converted
|
|
into a major/minor number internally in the kernel in an unusual way.
|
|
Normally, this "conversion" is done by the device files in /dev, but
|
|
this isn't possible here, because the root filesystem (with /dev)
|
|
isn't mounted yet... So the kernel parses the name itself, with some
|
|
hardcoded name to number mappings. The name must always be a
|
|
combination of two or three letters, followed by a decimal number.
|
|
Valid names are::
|
|
|
|
/dev/ram: -> 0x0100 (initial ramdisk)
|
|
/dev/hda: -> 0x0300 (first IDE disk)
|
|
/dev/hdb: -> 0x0340 (second IDE disk)
|
|
/dev/sda: -> 0x0800 (first SCSI disk)
|
|
/dev/sdb: -> 0x0810 (second SCSI disk)
|
|
/dev/sdc: -> 0x0820 (third SCSI disk)
|
|
/dev/sdd: -> 0x0830 (forth SCSI disk)
|
|
/dev/sde: -> 0x0840 (fifth SCSI disk)
|
|
/dev/fd : -> 0x0200 (floppy disk)
|
|
|
|
The name must be followed by a decimal number, that stands for the
|
|
partition number. Internally, the value of the number is just
|
|
added to the device number mentioned in the table above. The
|
|
exceptions are /dev/ram and /dev/fd, where /dev/ram refers to an
|
|
initial ramdisk loaded by your bootstrap program (please consult the
|
|
instructions for your bootstrap program to find out how to load an
|
|
initial ramdisk). As of kernel version 2.0.18 you must specify
|
|
/dev/ram as the root device if you want to boot from an initial
|
|
ramdisk. For the floppy devices, /dev/fd, the number stands for the
|
|
floppy drive number (there are no partitions on floppy disks). I.e.,
|
|
/dev/fd0 stands for the first drive, /dev/fd1 for the second, and so
|
|
on. Since the number is just added, you can also force the disk format
|
|
by adding a number greater than 3. If you look into your /dev
|
|
directory, use can see the /dev/fd0D720 has major 2 and minor 16. You
|
|
can specify this device for the root FS by writing "root=/dev/fd16" on
|
|
the kernel command line.
|
|
|
|
[Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff ON]
|
|
|
|
This unusual translation of device names has some strange
|
|
consequences: If, for example, you have a symbolic link from /dev/fd
|
|
to /dev/fd0D720 as an abbreviation for floppy driver #0 in DD format,
|
|
you cannot use this name for specifying the root device, because the
|
|
kernel cannot see this symlink before mounting the root FS and it
|
|
isn't in the table above. If you use it, the root device will not be
|
|
set at all, without an error message. Another example: You cannot use a
|
|
partition on e.g. the sixth SCSI disk as the root filesystem, if you
|
|
want to specify it by name. This is, because only the devices up to
|
|
/dev/sde are in the table above, but not /dev/sdf. Although, you can
|
|
use the sixth SCSI disk for the root FS, but you have to specify the
|
|
device by number... (see below). Or, even more strange, you can use the
|
|
fact that there is no range checking of the partition number, and your
|
|
knowledge that each disk uses 16 minors, and write "root=/dev/sde17"
|
|
(for /dev/sdf1).
|
|
|
|
[Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff OFF]
|
|
|
|
If the device containing your root partition isn't in the table
|
|
above, you can also specify it by major and minor numbers. These are
|
|
written in hex, with no prefix and no separator between. E.g., if you
|
|
have a CD with contents appropriate as a root filesystem in the first
|
|
SCSI CD-ROM drive, you boot from it by "root=0b00". Here, hex "0b" =
|
|
decimal 11 is the major of SCSI CD-ROMs, and the minor 0 stands for
|
|
the first of these. You can find out all valid major numbers by
|
|
looking into include/linux/major.h.
|
|
|
|
In addition to major and minor numbers, if the device containing your
|
|
root partition uses a partition table format with unique partition
|
|
identifiers, then you may use them. For instance,
|
|
"root=PARTUUID=00112233-4455-6677-8899-AABBCCDDEEFF". It is also
|
|
possible to reference another partition on the same device using a
|
|
known partition UUID as the starting point. For example,
|
|
if partition 5 of the device has the UUID of
|
|
00112233-4455-6677-8899-AABBCCDDEEFF then partition 3 may be found as
|
|
follows:
|
|
|
|
PARTUUID=00112233-4455-6677-8899-AABBCCDDEEFF/PARTNROFF=-2
|
|
|
|
Authoritative information can be found in
|
|
"Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst".
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.2) ro, rw
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: ro
|
|
:or: rw
|
|
|
|
These two options tell the kernel whether it should mount the root
|
|
filesystem read-only or read-write. The default is read-only, except
|
|
for ramdisks, which default to read-write.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.3) debug
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: debug
|
|
|
|
This raises the kernel log level to 10 (the default is 7). This is the
|
|
same level as set by the "dmesg" command, just that the maximum level
|
|
selectable by dmesg is 8.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.4) debug=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: debug=<device>
|
|
|
|
This option causes certain kernel messages be printed to the selected
|
|
debugging device. This can aid debugging the kernel, since the
|
|
messages can be captured and analyzed on some other machine. Which
|
|
devices are possible depends on the machine type. There are no checks
|
|
for the validity of the device name. If the device isn't implemented,
|
|
nothing happens.
|
|
|
|
Messages logged this way are in general stack dumps after kernel
|
|
memory faults or bad kernel traps, and kernel panics. To be exact: all
|
|
messages of level 0 (panic messages) and all messages printed while
|
|
the log level is 8 or more (their level doesn't matter). Before stack
|
|
dumps, the kernel sets the log level to 10 automatically. A level of
|
|
at least 8 can also be set by the "debug" command line option (see
|
|
2.3) and at run time with "dmesg -n 8".
|
|
|
|
Devices possible for Amiga:
|
|
|
|
- "ser":
|
|
built-in serial port; parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
|
|
- "mem":
|
|
Save the messages to a reserved area in chip mem. After
|
|
rebooting, they can be read under AmigaOS with the tool
|
|
'dmesg'.
|
|
|
|
Devices possible for Atari:
|
|
|
|
- "ser1":
|
|
ST-MFP serial port ("Modem1"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
|
|
- "ser2":
|
|
SCC channel B serial port ("Modem2"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
|
|
- "ser" :
|
|
default serial port
|
|
This is "ser2" for a Falcon, and "ser1" for any other machine
|
|
- "midi":
|
|
The MIDI port; parameters: 31250bps, 8N1
|
|
- "par" :
|
|
parallel port
|
|
|
|
The printing routine for this implements a timeout for the
|
|
case there's no printer connected (else the kernel would
|
|
lock up). The timeout is not exact, but usually a few
|
|
seconds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.6) ramdisk_size=
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: ramdisk_size=<size>
|
|
|
|
This option instructs the kernel to set up a ramdisk of the given
|
|
size in KBytes. Do not use this option if the ramdisk contents are
|
|
passed by bootstrap! In this case, the size is selected automatically
|
|
and should not be overwritten.
|
|
|
|
The only application is for root filesystems on floppy disks, that
|
|
should be loaded into memory. To do that, select the corresponding
|
|
size of the disk as ramdisk size, and set the root device to the disk
|
|
drive (with "root=").
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.7) swap=
|
|
|
|
I can't find any sign of this option in 2.2.6.
|
|
|
|
2.8) buff=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
I can't find any sign of this option in 2.2.6.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3) General Device Options (Amiga and Atari)
|
|
===========================================
|
|
|
|
3.1) ether=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: ether=[<irq>[,<base_addr>[,<mem_start>[,<mem_end>]]]],<dev-name>
|
|
|
|
<dev-name> is the name of a net driver, as specified in
|
|
drivers/net/Space.c in the Linux source. Most prominent are eth0, ...
|
|
eth3, sl0, ... sl3, ppp0, ..., ppp3, dummy, and lo.
|
|
|
|
The non-ethernet drivers (sl, ppp, dummy, lo) obviously ignore the
|
|
settings by this options. Also, the existing ethernet drivers for
|
|
Linux/m68k (ariadne, a2065, hydra) don't use them because Zorro boards
|
|
are really Plug-'n-Play, so the "ether=" option is useless altogether
|
|
for Linux/m68k.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2) hd=
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: hd=<cylinders>,<heads>,<sectors>
|
|
|
|
This option sets the disk geometry of an IDE disk. The first hd=
|
|
option is for the first IDE disk, the second for the second one.
|
|
(I.e., you can give this option twice.) In most cases, you won't have
|
|
to use this option, since the kernel can obtain the geometry data
|
|
itself. It exists just for the case that this fails for one of your
|
|
disks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.3) max_scsi_luns=
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: max_scsi_luns=<n>
|
|
|
|
Sets the maximum number of LUNs (logical units) of SCSI devices to
|
|
be scanned. Valid values for <n> are between 1 and 8. Default is 8 if
|
|
"Probe all LUNs on each SCSI device" was selected during the kernel
|
|
configuration, else 1.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.4) st=
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: st=<buffer_size>,[<write_thres>,[<max_buffers>]]
|
|
|
|
Sets several parameters of the SCSI tape driver. <buffer_size> is
|
|
the number of 512-byte buffers reserved for tape operations for each
|
|
device. <write_thres> sets the number of blocks which must be filled
|
|
to start an actual write operation to the tape. Maximum value is the
|
|
total number of buffers. <max_buffer> limits the total number of
|
|
buffers allocated for all tape devices.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5) dmasound=
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: dmasound=[<buffers>,<buffer-size>[,<catch-radius>]]
|
|
|
|
This option controls some configurations of the Linux/m68k DMA sound
|
|
driver (Amiga and Atari): <buffers> is the number of buffers you want
|
|
to use (minimum 4, default 4), <buffer-size> is the size of each
|
|
buffer in kilobytes (minimum 4, default 32) and <catch-radius> says
|
|
how much percent of error will be tolerated when setting a frequency
|
|
(maximum 10, default 0). For example with 3% you can play 8000Hz
|
|
AU-Files on the Falcon with its hardware frequency of 8195Hz and thus
|
|
don't need to expand the sound.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4) Options for Atari Only
|
|
=========================
|
|
|
|
4.1) video=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: video=<fbname>:<sub-options...>
|
|
|
|
The <fbname> parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer,
|
|
eg. most atari users will want to specify `atafb` here. The
|
|
<sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
|
below.
|
|
|
|
NB:
|
|
Please notice that this option was renamed from `atavideo` to
|
|
`video` during the development of the 1.3.x kernels, thus you
|
|
might need to update your boot-scripts if upgrading to 2.x from
|
|
an 1.2.x kernel.
|
|
|
|
NBB:
|
|
The behavior of video= was changed in 2.1.57 so the recommended
|
|
option is to specify the name of the frame buffer.
|
|
|
|
4.1.1) Video Mode
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
This sub-option may be any of the predefined video modes, as listed
|
|
in atari/atafb.c in the Linux/m68k source tree. The kernel will
|
|
activate the given video mode at boot time and make it the default
|
|
mode, if the hardware allows. Currently defined names are:
|
|
|
|
- stlow : 320x200x4
|
|
- stmid, default5 : 640x200x2
|
|
- sthigh, default4: 640x400x1
|
|
- ttlow : 320x480x8, TT only
|
|
- ttmid, default1 : 640x480x4, TT only
|
|
- tthigh, default2: 1280x960x1, TT only
|
|
- vga2 : 640x480x1, Falcon only
|
|
- vga4 : 640x480x2, Falcon only
|
|
- vga16, default3 : 640x480x4, Falcon only
|
|
- vga256 : 640x480x8, Falcon only
|
|
- falh2 : 896x608x1, Falcon only
|
|
- falh16 : 896x608x4, Falcon only
|
|
|
|
If no video mode is given on the command line, the kernel tries the
|
|
modes names "default<n>" in turn, until one is possible with the
|
|
hardware in use.
|
|
|
|
A video mode setting doesn't make sense, if the external driver is
|
|
activated by a "external:" sub-option.
|
|
|
|
4.1.2) inverse
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
Invert the display. This affects only text consoles.
|
|
Usually, the background is chosen to be black. With this
|
|
option, you can make the background white.
|
|
|
|
4.1.3) font
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: font:<fontname>
|
|
|
|
Specify the font to use in text modes. Currently you can choose only
|
|
between `VGA8x8`, `VGA8x16` and `PEARL8x8`. `VGA8x8` is default, if the
|
|
vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel rows. Otherwise, the
|
|
`VGA8x16` font is the default.
|
|
|
|
4.1.4) `hwscroll_`
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: `hwscroll_<n>`
|
|
|
|
The number of additional lines of video memory to reserve for
|
|
speeding up the scrolling ("hardware scrolling"). Hardware scrolling
|
|
is possible only if the kernel can set the video base address in steps
|
|
fine enough. This is true for STE, MegaSTE, TT, and Falcon. It is not
|
|
possible with plain STs and graphics cards (The former because the
|
|
base address must be on a 256 byte boundary there, the latter because
|
|
the kernel doesn't know how to set the base address at all.)
|
|
|
|
By default, <n> is set to the number of visible text lines on the
|
|
display. Thus, the amount of video memory is doubled, compared to no
|
|
hardware scrolling. You can turn off the hardware scrolling altogether
|
|
by setting <n> to 0.
|
|
|
|
4.1.5) internal:
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: internal:<xres>;<yres>[;<xres_max>;<yres_max>;<offset>]
|
|
|
|
This option specifies the capabilities of some extended internal video
|
|
hardware, like e.g. OverScan. <xres> and <yres> give the (extended)
|
|
dimensions of the screen.
|
|
|
|
If your OverScan needs a black border, you have to write the last
|
|
three arguments of the "internal:". <xres_max> is the maximum line
|
|
length the hardware allows, <yres_max> the maximum number of lines.
|
|
<offset> is the offset of the visible part of the screen memory to its
|
|
physical start, in bytes.
|
|
|
|
Often, extended interval video hardware has to be activated somehow.
|
|
For this, see the "sw_*" options below.
|
|
|
|
4.1.6) external:
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax:
|
|
external:<xres>;<yres>;<depth>;<org>;<scrmem>[;<scrlen>[;<vgabase>
|
|
[;<colw>[;<coltype>[;<xres_virtual>]]]]]
|
|
|
|
.. I had to break this line...
|
|
|
|
This is probably the most complicated parameter... It specifies that
|
|
you have some external video hardware (a graphics board), and how to
|
|
use it under Linux/m68k. The kernel cannot know more about the hardware
|
|
than you tell it here! The kernel also is unable to set or change any
|
|
video modes, since it doesn't know about any board internal. So, you
|
|
have to switch to that video mode before you start Linux, and cannot
|
|
switch to another mode once Linux has started.
|
|
|
|
The first 3 parameters of this sub-option should be obvious: <xres>,
|
|
<yres> and <depth> give the dimensions of the screen and the number of
|
|
planes (depth). The depth is the logarithm to base 2 of the number
|
|
of colors possible. (Or, the other way round: The number of colors is
|
|
2^depth).
|
|
|
|
You have to tell the kernel furthermore how the video memory is
|
|
organized. This is done by a letter as <org> parameter:
|
|
|
|
'n':
|
|
"normal planes", i.e. one whole plane after another
|
|
'i':
|
|
"interleaved planes", i.e. 16 bit of the first plane, than 16 bit
|
|
of the next, and so on... This mode is used only with the
|
|
built-in Atari video modes, I think there is no card that
|
|
supports this mode.
|
|
'p':
|
|
"packed pixels", i.e. <depth> consecutive bits stand for all
|
|
planes of one pixel; this is the most common mode for 8 planes
|
|
(256 colors) on graphic cards
|
|
't':
|
|
"true color" (more or less packed pixels, but without a color
|
|
lookup table); usually depth is 24
|
|
|
|
For monochrome modes (i.e., <depth> is 1), the <org> letter has a
|
|
different meaning:
|
|
|
|
'n':
|
|
normal colors, i.e. 0=white, 1=black
|
|
'i':
|
|
inverted colors, i.e. 0=black, 1=white
|
|
|
|
The next important information about the video hardware is the base
|
|
address of the video memory. That is given in the <scrmem> parameter,
|
|
as a hexadecimal number with a "0x" prefix. You have to find out this
|
|
address in the documentation of your hardware.
|
|
|
|
The next parameter, <scrlen>, tells the kernel about the size of the
|
|
video memory. If it's missing, the size is calculated from <xres>,
|
|
<yres>, and <depth>. For now, it is not useful to write a value here.
|
|
It would be used only for hardware scrolling (which isn't possible
|
|
with the external driver, because the kernel cannot set the video base
|
|
address), or for virtual resolutions under X (which the X server
|
|
doesn't support yet). So, it's currently best to leave this field
|
|
empty, either by ending the "external:" after the video address or by
|
|
writing two consecutive semicolons, if you want to give a <vgabase>
|
|
(it is allowed to leave this parameter empty).
|
|
|
|
The <vgabase> parameter is optional. If it is not given, the kernel
|
|
cannot read or write any color registers of the video hardware, and
|
|
thus you have to set appropriate colors before you start Linux. But if
|
|
your card is somehow VGA compatible, you can tell the kernel the base
|
|
address of the VGA register set, so it can change the color lookup
|
|
table. You have to look up this address in your board's documentation.
|
|
To avoid misunderstandings: <vgabase> is the _base_ address, i.e. a 4k
|
|
aligned address. For read/writing the color registers, the kernel
|
|
uses the addresses vgabase+0x3c7...vgabase+0x3c9. The <vgabase>
|
|
parameter is written in hexadecimal with a "0x" prefix, just as
|
|
<scrmem>.
|
|
|
|
<colw> is meaningful only if <vgabase> is specified. It tells the
|
|
kernel how wide each of the color register is, i.e. the number of bits
|
|
per single color (red/green/blue). Default is 6, another quite usual
|
|
value is 8.
|
|
|
|
Also <coltype> is used together with <vgabase>. It tells the kernel
|
|
about the color register model of your gfx board. Currently, the types
|
|
"vga" (which is also the default) and "mv300" (SANG MV300) are
|
|
implemented.
|
|
|
|
Parameter <xres_virtual> is required for ProMST or ET4000 cards where
|
|
the physical linelength differs from the visible length. With ProMST,
|
|
xres_virtual must be set to 2048. For ET4000, xres_virtual depends on the
|
|
initialisation of the video-card.
|
|
If you're missing a corresponding yres_virtual: the external part is legacy,
|
|
therefore we don't support hardware-dependent functions like hardware-scroll,
|
|
panning or blanking.
|
|
|
|
4.1.7) eclock:
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
The external pixel clock attached to the Falcon VIDEL shifter. This
|
|
currently works only with the ScreenWonder!
|
|
|
|
4.1.8) monitorcap:
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: monitorcap:<vmin>;<vmax>;<hmin>;<hmax>
|
|
|
|
This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. Don't use it
|
|
with a fixed-frequency monitor! For now, only the Falcon frame buffer
|
|
uses the settings of "monitorcap:".
|
|
|
|
<vmin> and <vmax> are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies
|
|
your monitor can work with, in Hz. <hmin> and <hmax> are the same for
|
|
the horizontal frequency, in kHz.
|
|
|
|
The defaults are 58;62;31;32 (VGA compatible).
|
|
|
|
The defaults for TV/SC1224/SC1435 cover both PAL and NTSC standards.
|
|
|
|
4.1.9) keep
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
If this option is given, the framebuffer device doesn't do any video
|
|
mode calculations and settings on its own. The only Atari fb device
|
|
that does this currently is the Falcon.
|
|
|
|
What you reach with this: Settings for unknown video extensions
|
|
aren't overridden by the driver, so you can still use the mode found
|
|
when booting, when the driver doesn't know to set this mode itself.
|
|
But this also means, that you can't switch video modes anymore...
|
|
|
|
An example where you may want to use "keep" is the ScreenBlaster for
|
|
the Falcon.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.2) atamouse=
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: atamouse=<x-threshold>,[<y-threshold>]
|
|
|
|
With this option, you can set the mouse movement reporting threshold.
|
|
This is the number of pixels of mouse movement that have to accumulate
|
|
before the IKBD sends a new mouse packet to the kernel. Higher values
|
|
reduce the mouse interrupt load and thus reduce the chance of keyboard
|
|
overruns. Lower values give a slightly faster mouse responses and
|
|
slightly better mouse tracking.
|
|
|
|
You can set the threshold in x and y separately, but usually this is
|
|
of little practical use. If there's just one number in the option, it
|
|
is used for both dimensions. The default value is 2 for both
|
|
thresholds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3) ataflop=
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: ataflop=<drive type>[,<trackbuffering>[,<steprateA>[,<steprateB>]]]
|
|
|
|
The drive type may be 0, 1, or 2, for DD, HD, and ED, resp. This
|
|
setting affects how many buffers are reserved and which formats are
|
|
probed (see also below). The default is 1 (HD). Only one drive type
|
|
can be selected. If you have two disk drives, select the "better"
|
|
type.
|
|
|
|
The second parameter <trackbuffer> tells the kernel whether to use
|
|
track buffering (1) or not (0). The default is machine-dependent:
|
|
no for the Medusa and yes for all others.
|
|
|
|
With the two following parameters, you can change the default
|
|
steprate used for drive A and B, resp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4) atascsi=
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: atascsi=<can_queue>[,<cmd_per_lun>[,<scat-gat>[,<host-id>[,<tagged>]]]]
|
|
|
|
This option sets some parameters for the Atari native SCSI driver.
|
|
Generally, any number of arguments can be omitted from the end. And
|
|
for each of the numbers, a negative value means "use default". The
|
|
defaults depend on whether TT-style or Falcon-style SCSI is used.
|
|
Below, defaults are noted as n/m, where the first value refers to
|
|
TT-SCSI and the latter to Falcon-SCSI. If an illegal value is given
|
|
for one parameter, an error message is printed and that one setting is
|
|
ignored (others aren't affected).
|
|
|
|
<can_queue>:
|
|
This is the maximum number of SCSI commands queued internally to the
|
|
Atari SCSI driver. A value of 1 effectively turns off the driver
|
|
internal multitasking (if it causes problems). Legal values are >=
|
|
1. <can_queue> can be as high as you like, but values greater than
|
|
<cmd_per_lun> times the number of SCSI targets (LUNs) you have
|
|
don't make sense. Default: 16/8.
|
|
|
|
<cmd_per_lun>:
|
|
Maximum number of SCSI commands issued to the driver for one
|
|
logical unit (LUN, usually one SCSI target). Legal values start
|
|
from 1. If tagged queuing (see below) is not used, values greater
|
|
than 2 don't make sense, but waste memory. Otherwise, the maximum
|
|
is the number of command tags available to the driver (currently
|
|
32). Default: 8/1. (Note: Values > 1 seem to cause problems on a
|
|
Falcon, cause not yet known.)
|
|
|
|
The <cmd_per_lun> value at a great part determines the amount of
|
|
memory SCSI reserves for itself. The formula is rather
|
|
complicated, but I can give you some hints:
|
|
|
|
no scatter-gather:
|
|
cmd_per_lun * 232 bytes
|
|
full scatter-gather:
|
|
cmd_per_lun * approx. 17 Kbytes
|
|
|
|
<scat-gat>:
|
|
Size of the scatter-gather table, i.e. the number of requests
|
|
consecutive on the disk that can be merged into one SCSI command.
|
|
Legal values are between 0 and 255. Default: 255/0. Note: This
|
|
value is forced to 0 on a Falcon, since scatter-gather isn't
|
|
possible with the ST-DMA. Not using scatter-gather hurts
|
|
performance significantly.
|
|
|
|
<host-id>:
|
|
The SCSI ID to be used by the initiator (your Atari). This is
|
|
usually 7, the highest possible ID. Every ID on the SCSI bus must
|
|
be unique. Default: determined at run time: If the NV-RAM checksum
|
|
is valid, and bit 7 in byte 30 of the NV-RAM is set, the lower 3
|
|
bits of this byte are used as the host ID. (This method is defined
|
|
by Atari and also used by some TOS HD drivers.) If the above
|
|
isn't given, the default ID is 7. (both, TT and Falcon).
|
|
|
|
<tagged>:
|
|
0 means turn off tagged queuing support, all other values > 0 mean
|
|
use tagged queuing for targets that support it. Default: currently
|
|
off, but this may change when tagged queuing handling has been
|
|
proved to be reliable.
|
|
|
|
Tagged queuing means that more than one command can be issued to
|
|
one LUN, and the SCSI device itself orders the requests so they
|
|
can be performed in optimal order. Not all SCSI devices support
|
|
tagged queuing (:-().
|
|
|
|
4.5 switches=
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: switches=<list of switches>
|
|
|
|
With this option you can switch some hardware lines that are often
|
|
used to enable/disable certain hardware extensions. Examples are
|
|
OverScan, overclocking, ...
|
|
|
|
The <list of switches> is a comma-separated list of the following
|
|
items:
|
|
|
|
ikbd:
|
|
set RTS of the keyboard ACIA high
|
|
midi:
|
|
set RTS of the MIDI ACIA high
|
|
snd6:
|
|
set bit 6 of the PSG port A
|
|
snd7:
|
|
set bit 6 of the PSG port A
|
|
|
|
It doesn't make sense to mention a switch more than once (no
|
|
difference to only once), but you can give as many switches as you
|
|
want to enable different features. The switch lines are set as early
|
|
as possible during kernel initialization (even before determining the
|
|
present hardware.)
|
|
|
|
All of the items can also be prefixed with `ov_`, i.e. `ov_ikbd`,
|
|
`ov_midi`, ... These options are meant for switching on an OverScan
|
|
video extension. The difference to the bare option is that the
|
|
switch-on is done after video initialization, and somehow synchronized
|
|
to the HBLANK. A speciality is that ov_ikbd and ov_midi are switched
|
|
off before rebooting, so that OverScan is disabled and TOS boots
|
|
correctly.
|
|
|
|
If you give an option both, with and without the `ov_` prefix, the
|
|
earlier initialization (`ov_`-less) takes precedence. But the
|
|
switching-off on reset still happens in this case.
|
|
|
|
5) Options for Amiga Only:
|
|
==========================
|
|
|
|
5.1) video=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: video=<fbname>:<sub-options...>
|
|
|
|
The <fbname> parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer, valid
|
|
options are `amifb`, `cyber`, 'virge', `retz3` and `clgen`, provided
|
|
that the respective frame buffer devices have been compiled into the
|
|
kernel (or compiled as loadable modules). The behavior of the <fbname>
|
|
option was changed in 2.1.57 so it is now recommended to specify this
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
The <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
|
below. This option is organized similar to the Atari version of the
|
|
"video"-option (4.1), but knows fewer sub-options.
|
|
|
|
5.1.1) video mode
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
Again, similar to the video mode for the Atari (see 4.1.1). Predefined
|
|
modes depend on the used frame buffer device.
|
|
|
|
OCS, ECS and AGA machines all use the color frame buffer. The following
|
|
predefined video modes are available:
|
|
|
|
NTSC modes:
|
|
- ntsc : 640x200, 15 kHz, 60 Hz
|
|
- ntsc-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 60 Hz interlaced
|
|
|
|
PAL modes:
|
|
- pal : 640x256, 15 kHz, 50 Hz
|
|
- pal-lace : 640x512, 15 kHz, 50 Hz interlaced
|
|
|
|
ECS modes:
|
|
- multiscan : 640x480, 29 kHz, 57 Hz
|
|
- multiscan-lace : 640x960, 29 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced
|
|
- euro36 : 640x200, 15 kHz, 72 Hz
|
|
- euro36-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 72 Hz interlaced
|
|
- euro72 : 640x400, 29 kHz, 68 Hz
|
|
- euro72-lace : 640x800, 29 kHz, 68 Hz interlaced
|
|
- super72 : 800x300, 23 kHz, 70 Hz
|
|
- super72-lace : 800x600, 23 kHz, 70 Hz interlaced
|
|
- dblntsc-ff : 640x400, 27 kHz, 57 Hz
|
|
- dblntsc-lace : 640x800, 27 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced
|
|
- dblpal-ff : 640x512, 27 kHz, 47 Hz
|
|
- dblpal-lace : 640x1024, 27 kHz, 47 Hz interlaced
|
|
- dblntsc : 640x200, 27 kHz, 57 Hz doublescan
|
|
- dblpal : 640x256, 27 kHz, 47 Hz doublescan
|
|
|
|
VGA modes:
|
|
- vga : 640x480, 31 kHz, 60 Hz
|
|
- vga70 : 640x400, 31 kHz, 70 Hz
|
|
|
|
Please notice that the ECS and VGA modes require either an ECS or AGA
|
|
chipset, and that these modes are limited to 2-bit color for the ECS
|
|
chipset and 8-bit color for the AGA chipset.
|
|
|
|
5.1.2) depth
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: depth:<nr. of bit-planes>
|
|
|
|
Specify the number of bit-planes for the selected video-mode.
|
|
|
|
5.1.3) inverse
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
Use inverted display (black on white). Functionally the same as the
|
|
"inverse" sub-option for the Atari.
|
|
|
|
5.1.4) font
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: font:<fontname>
|
|
|
|
Specify the font to use in text modes. Functionally the same as the
|
|
"font" sub-option for the Atari, except that `PEARL8x8` is used instead
|
|
of `VGA8x8` if the vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel
|
|
rows.
|
|
|
|
5.1.5) monitorcap:
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: monitorcap:<vmin>;<vmax>;<hmin>;<hmax>
|
|
|
|
This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. For now, only
|
|
the color frame buffer uses the settings of "monitorcap:".
|
|
|
|
<vmin> and <vmax> are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies
|
|
your monitor can work with, in Hz. <hmin> and <hmax> are the same for
|
|
the horizontal frequency, in kHz.
|
|
|
|
The defaults are 50;90;15;38 (Generic Amiga multisync monitor).
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.2) fd_def_df0=
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: fd_def_df0=<value>
|
|
|
|
Sets the df0 value for "silent" floppy drives. The value should be in
|
|
hexadecimal with "0x" prefix.
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.3) wd33c93=
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: wd33c93=<sub-options...>
|
|
|
|
These options affect the A590/A2091, A3000 and GVP Series II SCSI
|
|
controllers.
|
|
|
|
The <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
|
below.
|
|
|
|
5.3.1) nosync
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: nosync:bitmask
|
|
|
|
bitmask is a byte where the 1st 7 bits correspond with the 7
|
|
possible SCSI devices. Set a bit to prevent sync negotiation on that
|
|
device. To maintain backwards compatibility, a command-line such as
|
|
"wd33c93=255" will be automatically translated to
|
|
"wd33c93=nosync:0xff". The default is to disable sync negotiation for
|
|
all devices, eg. nosync:0xff.
|
|
|
|
5.3.2) period
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: period:ns
|
|
|
|
`ns` is the minimum # of nanoseconds in a SCSI data transfer
|
|
period. Default is 500; acceptable values are 250 - 1000.
|
|
|
|
5.3.3) disconnect
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: disconnect:x
|
|
|
|
Specify x = 0 to never allow disconnects, 2 to always allow them.
|
|
x = 1 does 'adaptive' disconnects, which is the default and generally
|
|
the best choice.
|
|
|
|
5.3.4) debug
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: debug:x
|
|
|
|
If `DEBUGGING_ON` is defined, x is a bit mask that causes various
|
|
types of debug output to printed - see the DB_xxx defines in
|
|
wd33c93.h.
|
|
|
|
5.3.5) clock
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: clock:x
|
|
|
|
x = clock input in MHz for WD33c93 chip. Normal values would be from
|
|
8 through 20. The default value depends on your hostadapter(s),
|
|
default for the A3000 internal controller is 14, for the A2091 it's 8
|
|
and for the GVP hostadapters it's either 8 or 14, depending on the
|
|
hostadapter and the SCSI-clock jumper present on some GVP
|
|
hostadapters.
|
|
|
|
5.3.6) next
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
No argument. Used to separate blocks of keywords when there's more
|
|
than one wd33c93-based host adapter in the system.
|
|
|
|
5.3.7) nodma
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: nodma:x
|
|
|
|
If x is 1 (or if the option is just written as "nodma"), the WD33c93
|
|
controller will not use DMA (= direct memory access) to access the
|
|
Amiga's memory. This is useful for some systems (like A3000's and
|
|
A4000's with the A3640 accelerator, revision 3.0) that have problems
|
|
using DMA to chip memory. The default is 0, i.e. to use DMA if
|
|
possible.
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4) gvp11=
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
:Syntax: gvp11=<addr-mask>
|
|
|
|
The earlier versions of the GVP driver did not handle DMA
|
|
address-mask settings correctly which made it necessary for some
|
|
people to use this option, in order to get their GVP controller
|
|
running under Linux. These problems have hopefully been solved and the
|
|
use of this option is now highly unrecommended!
|
|
|
|
Incorrect use can lead to unpredictable behavior, so please only use
|
|
this option if you *know* what you are doing and have a reason to do
|
|
so. In any case if you experience problems and need to use this
|
|
option, please inform us about it by mailing to the Linux/68k kernel
|
|
mailing list.
|
|
|
|
The address mask set by this option specifies which addresses are
|
|
valid for DMA with the GVP Series II SCSI controller. An address is
|
|
valid, if no bits are set except the bits that are set in the mask,
|
|
too.
|
|
|
|
Some versions of the GVP can only DMA into a 24 bit address range,
|
|
some can address a 25 bit address range while others can use the whole
|
|
32 bit address range for DMA. The correct setting depends on your
|
|
controller and should be autodetected by the driver. An example is the
|
|
24 bit region which is specified by a mask of 0x00fffffe.
|