Pull kernel lockdown mode from James Morris:
"This is the latest iteration of the kernel lockdown patchset, from
Matthew Garrett, David Howells and others.
From the original description:
This patchset introduces an optional kernel lockdown feature,
intended to strengthen the boundary between UID 0 and the kernel.
When enabled, various pieces of kernel functionality are restricted.
Applications that rely on low-level access to either hardware or the
kernel may cease working as a result - therefore this should not be
enabled without appropriate evaluation beforehand.
The majority of mainstream distributions have been carrying variants
of this patchset for many years now, so there's value in providing a
doesn't meet every distribution requirement, but gets us much closer
to not requiring external patches.
There are two major changes since this was last proposed for mainline:
- Separating lockdown from EFI secure boot. Background discussion is
covered here: https://lwn.net/Articles/751061/
- Implementation as an LSM, with a default stackable lockdown LSM
module. This allows the lockdown feature to be policy-driven,
rather than encoding an implicit policy within the mechanism.
The new locked_down LSM hook is provided to allow LSMs to make a
policy decision around whether kernel functionality that would allow
tampering with or examining the runtime state of the kernel should be
permitted.
The included lockdown LSM provides an implementation with a simple
policy intended for general purpose use. This policy provides a coarse
level of granularity, controllable via the kernel command line:
lockdown={integrity|confidentiality}
Enable the kernel lockdown feature. If set to integrity, kernel features
that allow userland to modify the running kernel are disabled. If set to
confidentiality, kernel features that allow userland to extract
confidential information from the kernel are also disabled.
This may also be controlled via /sys/kernel/security/lockdown and
overriden by kernel configuration.
New or existing LSMs may implement finer-grained controls of the
lockdown features. Refer to the lockdown_reason documentation in
include/linux/security.h for details.
The lockdown feature has had signficant design feedback and review
across many subsystems. This code has been in linux-next for some
weeks, with a few fixes applied along the way.
Stephen Rothwell noted that commit 9d1f8be5cf ("bpf: Restrict bpf
when kernel lockdown is in confidentiality mode") is missing a
Signed-off-by from its author. Matthew responded that he is providing
this under category (c) of the DCO"
* 'next-lockdown' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (31 commits)
kexec: Fix file verification on S390
security: constify some arrays in lockdown LSM
lockdown: Print current->comm in restriction messages
efi: Restrict efivar_ssdt_load when the kernel is locked down
tracefs: Restrict tracefs when the kernel is locked down
debugfs: Restrict debugfs when the kernel is locked down
kexec: Allow kexec_file() with appropriate IMA policy when locked down
lockdown: Lock down perf when in confidentiality mode
bpf: Restrict bpf when kernel lockdown is in confidentiality mode
lockdown: Lock down tracing and perf kprobes when in confidentiality mode
lockdown: Lock down /proc/kcore
x86/mmiotrace: Lock down the testmmiotrace module
lockdown: Lock down module params that specify hardware parameters (eg. ioport)
lockdown: Lock down TIOCSSERIAL
lockdown: Prohibit PCMCIA CIS storage when the kernel is locked down
acpi: Disable ACPI table override if the kernel is locked down
acpi: Ignore acpi_rsdp kernel param when the kernel has been locked down
ACPI: Limit access to custom_method when the kernel is locked down
x86/msr: Restrict MSR access when the kernel is locked down
x86: Lock down IO port access when the kernel is locked down
...
Replace open-coded bitmap array initialization of init_mm.cpu_bitmask with
neat CPU_BITS_NONE macro.
And, since init_mm.cpu_bitmask is statically set to zero, there is no way
to clear it again in start_kernel().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1565703815-8584-1-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both pgtable_cache_init() and pgd_cache_init() are used to initialize kmem
cache for page table allocations on several architectures that do not use
PAGE_SIZE tables for one or more levels of the page table hierarchy.
Most architectures do not implement these functions and use __weak default
NOP implementation of pgd_cache_init(). Since there is no such default
for pgtable_cache_init(), its empty stub is duplicated among most
architectures.
Rename the definitions of pgd_cache_init() to pgtable_cache_init() and
drop empty stubs of pgtable_cache_init().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1566457046-22637-1-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> [arm64]
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> [x86]
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently kmemleak uses a static early_log buffer to trace all memory
allocation/freeing before the slab allocator is initialised. Such early
log is replayed during kmemleak_init() to properly initialise the kmemleak
metadata for objects allocated up that point. With a memory pool that
does not rely on the slab allocator, it is possible to skip this early log
entirely.
In order to remove the early logging, consider kmemleak_enabled == 1 by
default while the kmem_cache availability is checked directly on the
object_cache and scan_area_cache variables. The RCU callback is only
invoked after object_cache has been initialised as we wouldn't have any
concurrent list traversal before this.
In order to reduce the number of callbacks before kmemleak is fully
initialised, move the kmemleak_init() call to mm_init().
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove WARN_ON(), per Catalin]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190812160642.52134-4-catalin.marinas@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The lockdown module is intended to allow for kernels to be locked down
early in boot - sufficiently early that we don't have the ability to
kmalloc() yet. Add support for early initialisation of some LSMs, and
then add them to the list of names when we do full initialisation later.
Early LSMs are initialised in link order and cannot be overridden via
boot parameters, and cannot make use of kmalloc() (since the allocator
isn't initialised yet).
(Fixed by Stephen Rothwell to include a stub to fix builds when
!CONFIG_SECURITY)
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
CONFIG_PREEMPTION is selected by CONFIG_PREEMPT and by
CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT. Both PREEMPT and PREEMPT_RT require the same
functionality which today depends on CONFIG_PREEMPT.
Switch the preemption code, scheduler and init task over to use
CONFIG_PREEMPTION.
That's the first step towards RT in that area. The more complex changes are
coming separately.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726212124.117528401@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull vfs mount updates from Al Viro:
"The first part of mount updates.
Convert filesystems to use the new mount API"
* 'work.mount0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (63 commits)
mnt_init(): call shmem_init() unconditionally
constify ksys_mount() string arguments
don't bother with registering rootfs
init_rootfs(): don't bother with init_ramfs_fs()
vfs: Convert smackfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert selinuxfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert securityfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert apparmorfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert openpromfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert xenfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert gadgetfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert oprofilefs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert ibmasmfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert qib_fs/ipathfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert efivarfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert configfs to use the new mount API
vfs: Convert binfmt_misc to use the new mount API
convenience helper: get_tree_single()
convenience helper get_tree_nodev()
vfs: Kill sget_userns()
...
Print the currently enabled stack and heap initialization modes.
Stack initialization is enabled by a config flag, while heap
initialization is configured at boot time with defaults being set in the
config. It's more convenient for the user to have all information about
these hardening measures in one place at boot, so the user can reason
about the expected behavior of the running system.
The possible options for stack are:
- "all" for CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL;
- "byref_all" for CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF_ALL;
- "byref" for CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF;
- "__user" for CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_USER;
- "off" otherwise.
Depending on the values of init_on_alloc and init_on_free boottime options
we also report "heap alloc" and "heap free" as "on"/"off".
In the init_on_free mode initializing pages at boot time may take a while,
so print a notice about that as well. This depends on how much memory is
installed, the memory bandwidth, etc. On a relatively modern x86 system,
it takes about 0.75s/GB to wipe all memory:
[ 0.418722] mem auto-init: stack:byref_all, heap alloc:off, heap free:on
[ 0.419765] mem auto-init: clearing system memory may take some time...
[ 12.376605] Memory: 16408564K/16776672K available (14339K kernel code, 1397K rwdata, 3756K rodata, 1636K init, 11460K bss, 368108K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190617151050.92663-3-glider@google.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Suggested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Sandeep Patil <sspatil@android.com>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan@kaiwantech.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No point having two call sites (earlier in init_rootfs() from
mnt_init() in case we are going to use shmem-style rootfs,
later from do_basic_setup() unconditionally), along with the
logics in shmem_init() itself to make the second call a no-op...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which:
- Have no license information of any form
- Have EXPORT_.*_SYMBOL_GPL inside which was used in the
initial scan/conversion to ignore the file
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:
GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Various architectures including x86 poison the freed init memory. Do the
same in the generic free_initmem implementation and switch sparc32
architecture that is identical to the generic code over to it now.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1550515285-17446-4-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "provide a generic free_initmem implementation", v2.
Many architectures implement free_initmem() in exactly the same or very
similar way: they wrap the call to free_initmem_default() with sometimes
different 'poison' parameter.
These patches switch those architectures to use a generic implementation
that does free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM).
This was inspired by Christoph's patches for free_initrd_mem [1] and I
shamelessly copied changelog entries from his patches :)
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190213174621.29297-1-hch@lst.de/
This patch (of 2):
For most architectures free_initmem just a wrapper for the same
free_initmem_default(-1) call. Provide that as a generic implementation
marked __weak.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1550515285-17446-2-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
trust the CPU's RNG on NUMA systems; other miscellaneous cleanups and
fixes.
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Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random
Pull randomness updates from Ted Ts'o:
- initialize the random driver earler
- fix CRNG initialization when we trust the CPU's RNG on NUMA systems
- other miscellaneous cleanups and fixes.
* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
random: add a spinlock_t to struct batched_entropy
random: document get_random_int() family
random: fix CRNG initialization when random.trust_cpu=1
random: move rand_initialize() earlier
random: only read from /dev/random after its pool has received 128 bits
drivers/char/random.c: make primary_crng static
drivers/char/random.c: remove unused stuct poolinfo::poolbits
drivers/char/random.c: constify poolinfo_table
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Merge tag 'printk-for-5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk
Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek:
- Allow state reset of printk_once() calls.
- Prevent crashes when dereferencing invalid pointers in vsprintf().
Only the first byte is checked for simplicity.
- Make vsprintf warnings consistent and inlined.
- Treewide conversion of obsolete %pf, %pF to %ps, %pF printf
modifiers.
- Some clean up of vsprintf and test_printf code.
* tag 'printk-for-5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk:
lib/vsprintf: Make function pointer_string static
vsprintf: Limit the length of inlined error messages
vsprintf: Avoid confusion between invalid address and value
vsprintf: Prevent crash when dereferencing invalid pointers
vsprintf: Consolidate handling of unknown pointer specifiers
vsprintf: Factor out %pO handler as kobject_string()
vsprintf: Factor out %pV handler as va_format()
vsprintf: Factor out %p[iI] handler as ip_addr_string()
vsprintf: Do not check address of well-known strings
vsprintf: Consistent %pK handling for kptr_restrict == 0
vsprintf: Shuffle restricted_pointer()
printk: Tie printk_once / printk_deferred_once into .data.once for reset
treewide: Switch printk users from %pf and %pF to %ps and %pS, respectively
lib/test_printf: Switch to bitmap_zalloc()
Poking-mm initialization might require to duplicate the PGD in early
stage. Initialize the PGD cache earlier to prevent boot failures.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: 4fc19708b1 ("x86/alternatives: Initialize temporary mm for patching")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190505011124.39692-1-namit@vmware.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
To prevent improper use of the PTEs that are used for text patching, the
next patches will use a temporary mm struct. Initailize it by copying
the init mm.
The address that will be used for patching is taken from the lower area
that is usually used for the task memory. Doing so prevents the need to
frequently synchronize the temporary-mm (e.g., when BPF programs are
installed), since different PGDs are used for the task memory.
Finally, randomize the address of the PTEs to harden against exploits
that use these PTEs.
Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Cc: deneen.t.dock@intel.com
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: kristen@linux.intel.com
Cc: linux_dti@icloud.com
Cc: will.deacon@arm.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190426232303.28381-8-nadav.amit@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Right now rand_initialize() is run as an early_initcall(), but it only
depends on timekeeping_init() (for mixing ktime_get_real() into the
pools). However, the call to boot_init_stack_canary() for stack canary
initialization runs earlier, which triggers a warning at boot:
random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x357/0x548 with crng_init=0
Instead, this moves rand_initialize() to after timekeeping_init(), and moves
canary initialization here as well.
Note that this warning may still remain for machines that do not have
UEFI RNG support (which initializes the RNG pools during setup_arch()),
or for x86 machines without RDRAND (or booting without "random.trust=on"
or CONFIG_RANDOM_TRUST_CPU=y).
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
When a module option, or core kernel argument, toggles a static-key it
requires jump labels to be initialized early. While x86, PowerPC, and
ARM64 arrange for jump_label_init() to be called before parse_args(),
ARM does not.
Kernel command line: rdinit=/sbin/init page_alloc.shuffle=1 panic=-1 console=ttyAMA0,115200 page_alloc.shuffle=1
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at ./include/linux/jump_label.h:303
page_alloc_shuffle+0x12c/0x1ac
static_key_enable(): static key 'page_alloc_shuffle_key+0x0/0x4' used
before call to jump_label_init()
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted
5.1.0-rc4-next-20190410-00003-g3367c36ce744 #1
Hardware name: ARM Integrator/CP (Device Tree)
[<c0011c68>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c000ec48>] (show_stack+0x10/0x18)
[<c000ec48>] (show_stack) from [<c07e9710>] (dump_stack+0x18/0x24)
[<c07e9710>] (dump_stack) from [<c001bb1c>] (__warn+0xe0/0x108)
[<c001bb1c>] (__warn) from [<c001bb88>] (warn_slowpath_fmt+0x44/0x6c)
[<c001bb88>] (warn_slowpath_fmt) from [<c0b0c4a8>]
(page_alloc_shuffle+0x12c/0x1ac)
[<c0b0c4a8>] (page_alloc_shuffle) from [<c0b0c550>] (shuffle_store+0x28/0x48)
[<c0b0c550>] (shuffle_store) from [<c003e6a0>] (parse_args+0x1f4/0x350)
[<c003e6a0>] (parse_args) from [<c0ac3c00>] (start_kernel+0x1c0/0x488)
Move the fallback call to jump_label_init() to occur before
parse_args().
The redundant calls to jump_label_init() in other archs are left intact
in case they have static key toggling use cases that are even earlier
than option parsing.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/155544804466.1032396.13418949511615676665.stgit@dwillia2-desk3.amr.corp.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reported-by: Guenter Roeck <groeck@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@armlinux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add panic() calls if memblock_alloc() returns NULL.
The panic() format duplicates the one used by memblock itself and in
order to avoid explosion with long parameters list replace open coded
allocation size calculations with a local variable.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1548057848-15136-18-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Guo Ren <ren_guo@c-sky.com> [c-sky]
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> [Xen]
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit fe53ca5427 ("mm: use early_pfn_to_nid in
page_ext_init").
When booting a system with "page_owner=on",
start_kernel
page_ext_init
invoke_init_callbacks
init_section_page_ext
init_page_owner
init_early_allocated_pages
init_zones_in_node
init_pages_in_zone
lookup_page_ext
page_to_nid
The issue here is that page_to_nid() will not work since some page flags
have no node information until later in page_alloc_init_late() due to
DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT. Hence, it could trigger an out-of-bounds
access with an invalid nid.
UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in ./include/linux/mm.h:1104:50
index 7 is out of range for type 'zone [5]'
Also, kernel will panic since flags were poisoned earlier with,
CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_PGFLAGS=y
CONFIG_NODE_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS=n
start_kernel
setup_arch
pagetable_init
paging_init
sparse_init
sparse_init_nid
memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw
It did not handle it well in init_pages_in_zone() which ends up calling
page_to_nid().
page:ffffea0004200000 is uninitialized and poisoned
raw: ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff
raw: ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff
page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(p))
page_owner info is not active (free page?)
kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:990!
RIP: 0010:init_page_owner+0x486/0x520
This means that assumptions behind commit fe53ca5427 ("mm: use
early_pfn_to_nid in page_ext_init") are incomplete. Therefore, revert
the commit for now. A proper way to move the page_owner initialization
to sooner is to hook into memmap initialization.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190115202812.75820-1-cai@lca.pw
Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <Pavel.Tatashin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We get a warning when building kernel with W=1:
kernel/fork.c:167:13: warning: no previous prototype for `arch_release_thread_stack' [-Wmissing-prototypes]
kernel/fork.c:779:13: warning: no previous prototype for `fork_init' [-Wmissing-prototypes]
Add the missing declaration in head file to fix this.
Also, remove arch_release_thread_stack() completely because no arch
seems to implement it since bb9d81264 (arch: remove tile port).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1542170087-23645-1-git-send-email-wang.yi59@zte.com.cn
Signed-off-by: Yi Wang <wang.yi59@zte.com.cn>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Initcall names should not be changed.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181124091829.GD10969@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
- large KASAN update to use arm's "software tag-based mode"
- a few misc things
- sh updates
- ocfs2 updates
- just about all of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (167 commits)
kernel/fork.c: mark 'stack_vm_area' with __maybe_unused
memcg, oom: notify on oom killer invocation from the charge path
mm, swap: fix swapoff with KSM pages
include/linux/gfp.h: fix typo
mm/hmm: fix memremap.h, move dev_page_fault_t callback to hmm
hugetlbfs: Use i_mmap_rwsem to fix page fault/truncate race
hugetlbfs: use i_mmap_rwsem for more pmd sharing synchronization
memory_hotplug: add missing newlines to debugging output
mm: remove __hugepage_set_anon_rmap()
include/linux/vmstat.h: remove unused page state adjustment macro
mm/page_alloc.c: allow error injection
mm: migrate: drop unused argument of migrate_page_move_mapping()
blkdev: avoid migration stalls for blkdev pages
mm: migrate: provide buffer_migrate_page_norefs()
mm: migrate: move migrate_page_lock_buffers()
mm: migrate: lock buffers before migrate_page_move_mapping()
mm: migration: factor out code to compute expected number of page references
mm, page_alloc: enable pcpu_drain with zone capability
kmemleak: add config to select auto scan
mm/page_alloc.c: don't call kasan_free_pages() at deferred mem init
...
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Merge tag 'for-4.21/block-20181221' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull block updates from Jens Axboe:
"This is the main pull request for block/storage for 4.21.
Larger than usual, it was a busy round with lots of goodies queued up.
Most notable is the removal of the old IO stack, which has been a long
time coming. No new features for a while, everything coming in this
week has all been fixes for things that were previously merged.
This contains:
- Use atomic counters instead of semaphores for mtip32xx (Arnd)
- Cleanup of the mtip32xx request setup (Christoph)
- Fix for circular locking dependency in loop (Jan, Tetsuo)
- bcache (Coly, Guoju, Shenghui)
* Optimizations for writeback caching
* Various fixes and improvements
- nvme (Chaitanya, Christoph, Sagi, Jay, me, Keith)
* host and target support for NVMe over TCP
* Error log page support
* Support for separate read/write/poll queues
* Much improved polling
* discard OOM fallback
* Tracepoint improvements
- lightnvm (Hans, Hua, Igor, Matias, Javier)
* Igor added packed metadata to pblk. Now drives without metadata
per LBA can be used as well.
* Fix from Geert on uninitialized value on chunk metadata reads.
* Fixes from Hans and Javier to pblk recovery and write path.
* Fix from Hua Su to fix a race condition in the pblk recovery
code.
* Scan optimization added to pblk recovery from Zhoujie.
* Small geometry cleanup from me.
- Conversion of the last few drivers that used the legacy path to
blk-mq (me)
- Removal of legacy IO path in SCSI (me, Christoph)
- Removal of legacy IO stack and schedulers (me)
- Support for much better polling, now without interrupts at all.
blk-mq adds support for multiple queue maps, which enables us to
have a map per type. This in turn enables nvme to have separate
completion queues for polling, which can then be interrupt-less.
Also means we're ready for async polled IO, which is hopefully
coming in the next release.
- Killing of (now) unused block exports (Christoph)
- Unification of the blk-rq-qos and blk-wbt wait handling (Josef)
- Support for zoned testing with null_blk (Masato)
- sx8 conversion to per-host tag sets (Christoph)
- IO priority improvements (Damien)
- mq-deadline zoned fix (Damien)
- Ref count blkcg series (Dennis)
- Lots of blk-mq improvements and speedups (me)
- sbitmap scalability improvements (me)
- Make core inflight IO accounting per-cpu (Mikulas)
- Export timeout setting in sysfs (Weiping)
- Cleanup the direct issue path (Jianchao)
- Export blk-wbt internals in block debugfs for easier debugging
(Ming)
- Lots of other fixes and improvements"
* tag 'for-4.21/block-20181221' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (364 commits)
kyber: use sbitmap add_wait_queue/list_del wait helpers
sbitmap: add helpers for add/del wait queue handling
block: save irq state in blkg_lookup_create()
dm: don't reuse bio for flushes
nvme-pci: trace SQ status on completions
nvme-rdma: implement polling queue map
nvme-fabrics: allow user to pass in nr_poll_queues
nvme-fabrics: allow nvmf_connect_io_queue to poll
nvme-core: optionally poll sync commands
block: make request_to_qc_t public
nvme-tcp: fix spelling mistake "attepmpt" -> "attempt"
nvme-tcp: fix endianess annotations
nvmet-tcp: fix endianess annotations
nvme-pci: refactor nvme_poll_irqdisable to make sparse happy
nvme-pci: only set nr_maps to 2 if poll queues are supported
nvmet: use a macro for default error location
nvmet: fix comparison of a u16 with -1
blk-mq: enable IO poll if .nr_queues of type poll > 0
blk-mq: change blk_mq_queue_busy() to blk_mq_queue_inflight()
blk-mq: skip zero-queue maps in blk_mq_map_swqueue
...
The current value of the early boot static pool size, 1024 is not big
enough for systems with large number of CPUs with timer or/and workqueue
objects selected. As the results, systems have 60+ CPUs with both timer
and workqueue objects enabled could trigger "ODEBUG: Out of memory.
ODEBUG disabled".
Some debug objects are allocated during the early boot. Enabling some
options like timers or workqueue objects may increase the size required
significantly with large number of CPUs. For example,
CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS:
No. CPUs x 2 (worker pool) objects:
start_kernel
workqueue_init_early
init_worker_pool
init_timer_key
debug_object_init
plus No. CPUs objects (CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS):
sched_init
hrtick_rq_init
hrtimer_init
CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK:
No. CPUs objects:
vmalloc_init
__init_work
plus No. CPUs x 6 (workqueue) objects:
workqueue_init_early
alloc_workqueue
__alloc_workqueue_key
alloc_and_link_pwqs
init_pwq
Also, plus No. CPUs objects:
perf_event_init
__init_srcu_struct
init_srcu_struct_fields
init_srcu_struct_nodes
__init_work
However, none of the things are actually used or required before
debug_objects_mem_init() is invoked, so just move the call right before
vmalloc_init().
According to tglx, "the reason why the call is at this place in
start_kernel() is historical. It's because back in the days when
debugobjects were added the memory allocator was enabled way later than
today."
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181126102407.1836-1-cai@gmx.us
Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@gmx.us>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull EFI updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- Allocate the E820 buffer before doing the
GetMemoryMap/ExitBootServices dance so we don't run out of space
- Clear EFI boot services mappings when freeing the memory
- Harden efivars against callers that invoke it on non-EFI boots
- Reduce the number of memblock reservations resulting from extensive
use of the new efi_mem_reserve_persistent() API
- Other assorted fixes and cleanups"
* 'efi-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/efi: Don't unmap EFI boot services code/data regions for EFI_OLD_MEMMAP and EFI_MIXED_MODE
efi: Reduce the amount of memblock reservations for persistent allocations
efi: Permit multiple entries in persistent memreserve data structure
efi/libstub: Disable some warnings for x86{,_64}
x86/efi: Move efi_<reserve/free>_boot_services() to arch/x86
x86/efi: Unmap EFI boot services code/data regions from efi_pgd
x86/mm/pageattr: Introduce helper function to unmap EFI boot services
efi/fdt: Simplify the get_fdt() flow
efi/fdt: Indentation fix
firmware/efi: Add NULL pointer checks in efivars API functions
efi_<reserve/free>_boot_services() are x86 specific quirks and as such
should be in asm/efi.h, so move them from linux/efi.h. Also, call
efi_free_boot_services() from __efi_enter_virtual_mode() as it is x86
specific call and ideally shouldn't be part of init/main.c
Signed-off-by: Sai Praneeth Prakhya <sai.praneeth.prakhya@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Arend van Spriel <arend.vanspriel@broadcom.com>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhsharma@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Eric Snowberg <eric.snowberg@oracle.com>
Cc: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jon Hunter <jonathanh@nvidia.com>
Cc: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: YiFei Zhu <zhuyifei1999@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181129171230.18699-7-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Now that all RCU flavors have been consolidated, rcu_barrier_sched()
is but a synonym for rcu_barrier(). This commit therefore replaces
the former with the latter.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: <linux-mm@kvack.org>
This removes a bunch of core and elevator related code. On the core
front, we remove anything related to queue running, draining,
initialization, plugging, and congestions. We also kill anything
related to request allocation, merging, retrieval, and completion.
Remove any checking for single queue IO schedulers, as they no
longer exist. This means we can also delete a bunch of code related
to request issue, adding, completion, etc - and all the SQ related
ops and helpers.
Also kill the load_default_modules(), as all that did was provide
for a way to load the default single queue elevator.
Tested-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
When a memblock allocation APIs are called with align = 0, the alignment
is implicitly set to SMP_CACHE_BYTES.
Implicit alignment is done deep in the memblock allocator and it can
come as a surprise. Not that such an alignment would be wrong even
when used incorrectly but it is better to be explicit for the sake of
clarity and the prinicple of the least surprise.
Replace all such uses of memblock APIs with the 'align' parameter
explicitly set to SMP_CACHE_BYTES and stop implicit alignment assignment
in the memblock internal allocation functions.
For the case when memblock APIs are used via helper functions, e.g. like
iommu_arena_new_node() in Alpha, the helper functions were detected with
Coccinelle's help and then manually examined and updated where
appropriate.
The direct memblock APIs users were updated using the semantic patch below:
@@
expression size, min_addr, max_addr, nid;
@@
(
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr,
nid)
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid_nopanic(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr,
nid)
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
|
- memblock_alloc(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_raw(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_raw(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_from(size, 0, min_addr)
+ memblock_alloc_from(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr)
|
- memblock_alloc_nopanic(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_low(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_low(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_low_nopanic(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_low_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_from_nopanic(size, 0, min_addr)
+ memblock_alloc_from_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr)
|
- memblock_alloc_node(size, 0, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_node(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, nid)
)
[mhocko@suse.com: changelog update]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: fix missed uses of implicit alignment]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181016133656.GA10925@rapoport-lnx
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1538687224-17535-1-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com> [MIPS]
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> [powerpc]
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move remaining definitions and declarations from include/linux/bootmem.h
into include/linux/memblock.h and remove the redundant header.
The includes were replaced with the semantic patch below and then
semi-automated removal of duplicated '#include <linux/memblock.h>
@@
@@
- #include <linux/bootmem.h>
+ #include <linux/memblock.h>
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: dma-direct: fix up for the removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002185342.133d1680@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: powerpc: fix up for removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005161406.73ef8727@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: x86/kaslr, ACPI/NUMA: fix for linux/bootmem.h removal]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008190341.5e396491@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-30-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The alloc_bootmem(size) is a shortcut for allocation of SMP_CACHE_BYTES
aligned memory. When the align parameter of memblock_alloc() is 0, the
alignment is implicitly set to SMP_CACHE_BYTES and thus alloc_bootmem(size)
and memblock_alloc(size, 0) are equivalent.
The conversion is done using the following semantic patch:
@@
expression size;
@@
- alloc_bootmem(size)
+ memblock_alloc(size, 0)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-22-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull locking and misc x86 updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Lots of changes in this cycle - in part because locking/core attracted
a number of related x86 low level work which was easier to handle in a
single tree:
- Linux Kernel Memory Consistency Model updates (Alan Stern, Paul E.
McKenney, Andrea Parri)
- lockdep scalability improvements and micro-optimizations (Waiman
Long)
- rwsem improvements (Waiman Long)
- spinlock micro-optimization (Matthew Wilcox)
- qspinlocks: Provide a liveness guarantee (more fairness) on x86.
(Peter Zijlstra)
- Add support for relative references in jump tables on arm64, x86
and s390 to optimize jump labels (Ard Biesheuvel, Heiko Carstens)
- Be a lot less permissive on weird (kernel address) uaccess faults
on x86: BUG() when uaccess helpers fault on kernel addresses (Jann
Horn)
- macrofy x86 asm statements to un-confuse the GCC inliner. (Nadav
Amit)
- ... and a handful of other smaller changes as well"
* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (57 commits)
locking/lockdep: Make global debug_locks* variables read-mostly
locking/lockdep: Fix debug_locks off performance problem
locking/pvqspinlock: Extend node size when pvqspinlock is configured
locking/qspinlock_stat: Count instances of nested lock slowpaths
locking/qspinlock, x86: Provide liveness guarantee
x86/asm: 'Simplify' GEN_*_RMWcc() macros
locking/qspinlock: Rework some comments
locking/qspinlock: Re-order code
locking/lockdep: Remove duplicated 'lock_class_ops' percpu array
x86/defconfig: Enable CONFIG_USB_XHCI_HCD=y
futex: Replace spin_is_locked() with lockdep
locking/lockdep: Make class->ops a percpu counter and move it under CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKDEP=y
x86/jump-labels: Macrofy inline assembly code to work around GCC inlining bugs
x86/cpufeature: Macrofy inline assembly code to work around GCC inlining bugs
x86/extable: Macrofy inline assembly code to work around GCC inlining bugs
x86/paravirt: Work around GCC inlining bugs when compiling paravirt ops
x86/bug: Macrofy the BUG table section handling, to work around GCC inlining bugs
x86/alternatives: Macrofy lock prefixes to work around GCC inlining bugs
x86/refcount: Work around GCC inlining bug
x86/objtool: Use asm macros to work around GCC inlining bugs
...
With CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y the kernel stack of all tasks should be
allocated in the vmalloc space. The initial stack used for all
the early init code is in the init_thread_union. To be able to
switch from this early stack to a properly allocated stack
from vmalloc the architecture needs a switch-over point.
Introduce the arch_call_rest_init() function with a weak definition
in init/main.c with the only purpose to call rest_init() from the
end of start_kernel(). The architecture override can then do the
necessary magic to switch to the new vmalloc'ed stack.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Jump table entries are mostly read-only, with the exception of the
init and module loader code that defuses entries that point into init
code when the code being referred to is freed.
For robustness, it would be better to move these entries into the
ro_after_init section, but clearing the 'code' member of each jump
table entry referring to init code at module load time races with the
module_enable_ro() call that remaps the ro_after_init section read
only, so we'd like to do it earlier.
So given that whether such an entry refers to init code can be decided
much earlier, we can pull this check forward. Since we may still need
the code entry at this point, let's switch to setting a low bit in the
'key' member just like we do to annotate the default state of a jump
table entry.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180919065144.25010-8-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Add a log message to `run_init_process()`.
This log message serves two purposes.
1. If the init process is not specified on the Linux Kernel command
line, the user sees, what file was chosen.
2. The time stamps shows exactly, when the Linux kernel handed over
control to the init process.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/b1fc97fa-4aa9-1904-ddb5-859e78995c41@molgen.mpg.de
Signed-off-by: Paul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allow the initcall tables to be emitted using relative references that
are only half the size on 64-bit architectures and don't require fixups
at runtime on relocatable kernels.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180704083651.24360-5-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Acked-by: James Morris <james.morris@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Restructure of lockdep and latency tracers
This is the biggest change. Joel Fernandes restructured the hooks
from irqs and preemption disabling and enabling. He got rid of
a lot of the preprocessor #ifdef mess that they caused.
He turned both lockdep and the latency tracers to use trace events
inserted in the preempt/irqs disabling paths. But unfortunately,
these started to cause issues in corner cases. Thus, parts of the
code was reverted back to where lockde and the latency tracers
just get called directly (without using the trace events).
But because the original change cleaned up the code very nicely
we kept that, as well as the trace events for preempt and irqs
disabling, but they are limited to not being called in NMIs.
- Have trace events use SRCU for "rcu idle" calls. This was required
for the preempt/irqs off trace events. But it also had to not
allow them to be called in NMI context. Waiting till Paul makes
an NMI safe SRCU API.
- New notrace SRCU API to allow trace events to use SRCU.
- Addition of mcount-nop option support
- SPDX headers replacing GPL templates.
- Various other fixes and clean ups.
- Some fixes are marked for stable, but were not fully tested
before the merge window opened.
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
- Restructure of lockdep and latency tracers
This is the biggest change. Joel Fernandes restructured the hooks
from irqs and preemption disabling and enabling. He got rid of a lot
of the preprocessor #ifdef mess that they caused.
He turned both lockdep and the latency tracers to use trace events
inserted in the preempt/irqs disabling paths. But unfortunately,
these started to cause issues in corner cases. Thus, parts of the
code was reverted back to where lockdep and the latency tracers just
get called directly (without using the trace events). But because the
original change cleaned up the code very nicely we kept that, as well
as the trace events for preempt and irqs disabling, but they are
limited to not being called in NMIs.
- Have trace events use SRCU for "rcu idle" calls. This was required
for the preempt/irqs off trace events. But it also had to not allow
them to be called in NMI context. Waiting till Paul makes an NMI safe
SRCU API.
- New notrace SRCU API to allow trace events to use SRCU.
- Addition of mcount-nop option support
- SPDX headers replacing GPL templates.
- Various other fixes and clean ups.
- Some fixes are marked for stable, but were not fully tested before
the merge window opened.
* tag 'trace-v4.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (44 commits)
tracing: Fix SPDX format headers to use C++ style comments
tracing: Add SPDX License format tags to tracing files
tracing: Add SPDX License format to bpf_trace.c
blktrace: Add SPDX License format header
s390/ftrace: Add -mfentry and -mnop-mcount support
tracing: Add -mcount-nop option support
tracing: Avoid calling cc-option -mrecord-mcount for every Makefile
tracing: Handle CC_FLAGS_FTRACE more accurately
Uprobe: Additional argument arch_uprobe to uprobe_write_opcode()
Uprobes: Simplify uprobe_register() body
tracepoints: Free early tracepoints after RCU is initialized
uprobes: Use synchronize_rcu() not synchronize_sched()
tracing: Fix synchronizing to event changes with tracepoint_synchronize_unregister()
ftrace: Remove unused pointer ftrace_swapper_pid
tracing: More reverting of "tracing: Centralize preemptirq tracepoints and unify their usage"
tracing/irqsoff: Handle preempt_count for different configs
tracing: Partial revert of "tracing: Centralize preemptirq tracepoints and unify their usage"
tracing: irqsoff: Account for additional preempt_disable
trace: Use rcu_dereference_raw for hooks from trace-event subsystem
tracing/kprobes: Fix within_notrace_func() to check only notrace functions
...
Pull x86 timer updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"Early TSC based time stamping to allow better boot time analysis.
This comes with a general cleanup of the TSC calibration code which
grew warts and duct taping over the years and removes 250 lines of
code. Initiated and mostly implemented by Pavel with help from various
folks"
* 'x86-timers-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (37 commits)
x86/kvmclock: Mark kvm_get_preset_lpj() as __init
x86/tsc: Consolidate init code
sched/clock: Disable interrupts when calling generic_sched_clock_init()
timekeeping: Prevent false warning when persistent clock is not available
sched/clock: Close a hole in sched_clock_init()
x86/tsc: Make use of tsc_calibrate_cpu_early()
x86/tsc: Split native_calibrate_cpu() into early and late parts
sched/clock: Use static key for sched_clock_running
sched/clock: Enable sched clock early
sched/clock: Move sched clock initialization and merge with generic clock
x86/tsc: Use TSC as sched clock early
x86/tsc: Initialize cyc2ns when tsc frequency is determined
x86/tsc: Calibrate tsc only once
ARM/time: Remove read_boot_clock64()
s390/time: Remove read_boot_clock64()
timekeeping: Default boot time offset to local_clock()
timekeeping: Replace read_boot_clock64() with read_persistent_wall_and_boot_offset()
s390/time: Add read_persistent_wall_and_boot_offset()
x86/xen/time: Output xen sched_clock time from 0
x86/xen/time: Initialize pv xen time in init_hypervisor_platform()
...
Pull x86 PTI updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"The Speck brigade sadly provides yet another large set of patches
destroying the perfomance which we carefully built and preserved
- PTI support for 32bit PAE. The missing counter part to the 64bit
PTI code implemented by Joerg.
- A set of fixes for the Global Bit mechanics for non PCID CPUs which
were setting the Global Bit too widely and therefore possibly
exposing interesting memory needlessly.
- Protection against userspace-userspace SpectreRSB
- Support for the upcoming Enhanced IBRS mode, which is preferred
over IBRS. Unfortunately we dont know the performance impact of
this, but it's expected to be less horrible than the IBRS
hammering.
- Cleanups and simplifications"
* 'x86/pti' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (60 commits)
x86/mm/pti: Move user W+X check into pti_finalize()
x86/relocs: Add __end_rodata_aligned to S_REL
x86/mm/pti: Clone kernel-image on PTE level for 32 bit
x86/mm/pti: Don't clear permissions in pti_clone_pmd()
x86/mm/pti: Fix 32 bit PCID check
x86/mm/init: Remove freed kernel image areas from alias mapping
x86/mm/init: Add helper for freeing kernel image pages
x86/mm/init: Pass unconverted symbol addresses to free_init_pages()
mm: Allow non-direct-map arguments to free_reserved_area()
x86/mm/pti: Clear Global bit more aggressively
x86/speculation: Support Enhanced IBRS on future CPUs
x86/speculation: Protect against userspace-userspace spectreRSB
x86/kexec: Allocate 8k PGDs for PTI
Revert "perf/core: Make sure the ring-buffer is mapped in all page-tables"
x86/mm: Remove in_nmi() warning from vmalloc_fault()
x86/entry/32: Check for VM86 mode in slow-path check
perf/core: Make sure the ring-buffer is mapped in all page-tables
x86/pti: Check the return value of pti_user_pagetable_walk_pmd()
x86/pti: Check the return value of pti_user_pagetable_walk_p4d()
x86/entry/32: Add debug code to check entry/exit CR3
...
This is purely a preparatory patch for upcoming changes during the 4.19
merge window.
We have a function called "boot_cpu_state_init()" that isn't really
about the bootup cpu state: that is done much earlier by the similarly
named "boot_cpu_init()" (note lack of "state" in name).
This function initializes some hotplug CPU state, and needs to run after
the percpu data has been properly initialized. It even has a comment to
that effect.
Except it _doesn't_ actually run after the percpu data has been properly
initialized. On x86 it happens to do that, but on at least arm and
arm64, the percpu base pointers are initialized by the arch-specific
'smp_prepare_boot_cpu()' hook, which ran _after_ boot_cpu_state_init().
This had some unexpected results, and in particular we have a patch
pending for the merge window that did the obvious cleanup of using
'this_cpu_write()' in the cpu hotplug init code:
- per_cpu_ptr(&cpuhp_state, smp_processor_id())->state = CPUHP_ONLINE;
+ this_cpu_write(cpuhp_state.state, CPUHP_ONLINE);
which is obviously the right thing to do. Except because of the
ordering issue, it actually failed miserably and unexpectedly on arm64.
So this just fixes the ordering, and changes the name of the function to
be 'boot_cpu_hotplug_init()' to make it obvious that it's about cpu
hotplug state, because the core CPU state was supposed to have already
been done earlier.
Marked for stable, since the (not yet merged) patch that will show this
problem is marked for stable.
Reported-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Mian Yousaf Kaukab <yousaf.kaukab@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Joel Fernandes created a nice patch that cleaned up the duplicate hooks used
by lockdep and irqsoff latency tracer. It made both use tracepoints. But it
caused lockdep to trigger several false positives. We have not figured out
why yet, but removing lockdep from using the trace event hooks and just call
its helper functions directly (like it use to), makes the problem go away.
This is a partial revert of the clean up patch c3bc8fd637 ("tracing:
Centralize preemptirq tracepoints and unify their usage") that adds direct
calls for lockdep, but also keeps most of the clean up done to get rid of
the horrible preprocessor if statements.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180806155058.5ee875f4@gandalf.local.home
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Fixes: c3bc8fd637 ("tracing: Centralize preemptirq tracepoints and unify their usage")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
This patch detaches the preemptirq tracepoints from the tracers and
keeps it separate.
Advantages:
* Lockdep and irqsoff event can now run in parallel since they no longer
have their own calls.
* This unifies the usecase of adding hooks to an irqsoff and irqson
event, and a preemptoff and preempton event.
3 users of the events exist:
- Lockdep
- irqsoff and preemptoff tracers
- irqs and preempt trace events
The unification cleans up several ifdefs and makes the code in preempt
tracer and irqsoff tracers simpler. It gets rid of all the horrific
ifdeferry around PROVE_LOCKING and makes configuration of the different
users of the tracepoints more easy and understandable. It also gets rid
of the time_* function calls from the lockdep hooks used to call into
the preemptirq tracer which is not needed anymore. The negative delta in
lines of code in this patch is quite large too.
In the patch we introduce a new CONFIG option PREEMPTIRQ_TRACEPOINTS
as a single point for registering probes onto the tracepoints. With
this,
the web of config options for preempt/irq toggle tracepoints and its
users becomes:
PREEMPT_TRACER PREEMPTIRQ_EVENTS IRQSOFF_TRACER PROVE_LOCKING
| | \ | |
\ (selects) / \ \ (selects) /
TRACE_PREEMPT_TOGGLE ----> TRACE_IRQFLAGS
\ /
\ (depends on) /
PREEMPTIRQ_TRACEPOINTS
Other than the performance tests mentioned in the previous patch, I also
ran the locking API test suite. I verified that all tests cases are
passing.
I also injected issues by not registering lockdep probes onto the
tracepoints and I see failures to confirm that the probes are indeed
working.
This series + lockdep probes not registered (just to inject errors):
[ 0.000000] hard-irqs-on + irq-safe-A/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-irqs-on + irq-safe-A/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] sirq-safe-A => hirqs-on/12:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] sirq-safe-A => hirqs-on/21:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + irqs-on/12:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + irqs-on/12:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + irqs-on/21:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + irqs-on/21:FAILED|FAILED| ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + unsafe-B #1/123: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + unsafe-B #1/123: ok | ok | ok |
With this series + lockdep probes registered, all locking tests pass:
[ 0.000000] hard-irqs-on + irq-safe-A/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-irqs-on + irq-safe-A/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] sirq-safe-A => hirqs-on/12: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] sirq-safe-A => hirqs-on/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + irqs-on/12: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + irqs-on/12: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + irqs-on/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + irqs-on/21: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] hard-safe-A + unsafe-B #1/123: ok | ok | ok |
[ 0.000000] soft-safe-A + unsafe-B #1/123: ok | ok | ok |
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180730222423.196630-4-joel@joelfernandes.org
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Introduce a new function to finalize the kernel mappings for the userspace
page-table after all ro/nx protections have been applied to the kernel
mappings.
Also move the call to pti_clone_kernel_text() to that function so that it
will run on 32 bit kernels too.
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@aculab.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Valentin <eduval@amazon.com>
Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: aliguori@amazon.com
Cc: daniel.gruss@iaik.tugraz.at
Cc: hughd@google.com
Cc: keescook@google.com
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <llong@redhat.com>
Cc: "David H . Gutteridge" <dhgutteridge@sympatico.ca>
Cc: joro@8bytes.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1531906876-13451-30-git-send-email-joro@8bytes.org
In commit c7753208a9 ("x86, swiotlb: Add memory encryption support") a
call to function `mem_encrypt_init' was added. Include prototype
defined in header <linux/mem_encrypt.h> to prevent a warning reported
during compilation with W=1:
init/main.c:494:20: warning: no previous prototype for `mem_encrypt_init' [-Wmissing-prototypes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180522195533.31415-1-malat@debian.org
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Malaterre <malat@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Cc: Gargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
load_module() creates W+X mappings via __vmalloc_node_range() (from
layout_and_allocate()->move_module()->module_alloc()) by using
PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC. These mappings are later cleaned up via
"call_rcu_sched(&freeinit->rcu, do_free_init)" from do_init_module().
This is a problem because call_rcu_sched() queues work, which can be run
after debug_checkwx() is run, resulting in a race condition. If hit,
the race results in a nasty splat about insecure W+X mappings, which
results in a poor user experience as these are not the mappings that
debug_checkwx() is intended to catch.
This issue is observed on multiple arm64 platforms, and has been
artificially triggered on an x86 platform.
Address the race by flushing the queued work before running the
arch-defined mark_rodata_ro() which then calls debug_checkwx().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1525103946-29526-1-git-send-email-jhugo@codeaurora.org
Fixes: e1a58320a3 ("x86/mm: Warn on W^X mappings")
Signed-off-by: Jeffrey Hugo <jhugo@codeaurora.org>
Reported-by: Timur Tabi <timur@codeaurora.org>
Reported-by: Jan Glauber <jan.glauber@caviumnetworks.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
So "struct uts_namespace" can enjoy fine-grained SLAB debugging and
usercopy protection.
I'd prefer shorter name "utsns" but there is "user_namespace" already.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180228215158.GA23146@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Tom Zanussi's extended histogram work
This adds the synthetic events to have histograms from multiple event data
Adds triggers "onmatch" and "onmax" to call the synthetic events
Several updates to the histogram code from this
- Allow way to nest ring buffer calls in the same context
- Allow absolute time stamps in ring buffer
- Rewrite of filter code parsing based on Al Viro's suggestions
- Setting of trace_clock to global if TSC is unstable (on boot)
- Better OOM handling when allocating large ring buffers
- Added initcall tracepoints (consolidated initcall_debug code with them)
And other various fixes and clean ups
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"New features:
- Tom Zanussi's extended histogram work.
This adds the synthetic events to have histograms from multiple
event data Adds triggers "onmatch" and "onmax" to call the
synthetic events Several updates to the histogram code from this
- Allow way to nest ring buffer calls in the same context
- Allow absolute time stamps in ring buffer
- Rewrite of filter code parsing based on Al Viro's suggestions
- Setting of trace_clock to global if TSC is unstable (on boot)
- Better OOM handling when allocating large ring buffers
- Added initcall tracepoints (consolidated initcall_debug code with
them)
And other various fixes and clean ups"
* tag 'trace-v4.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (68 commits)
init: Have initcall_debug still work without CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS
init, tracing: Have printk come through the trace events for initcall_debug
init, tracing: instrument security and console initcall trace events
init, tracing: Add initcall trace events
tracing: Add rcu dereference annotation for test func that touches filter->prog
tracing: Add rcu dereference annotation for filter->prog
tracing: Fixup logic inversion on setting trace_global_clock defaults
tracing: Hide global trace clock from lockdep
ring-buffer: Add set/clear_current_oom_origin() during allocations
ring-buffer: Check if memory is available before allocation
lockdep: Add print_irqtrace_events() to __warn
vsprintf: Do not preprocess non-dereferenced pointers for bprintf (%px and %pK)
tracing: Uninitialized variable in create_tracing_map_fields()
tracing: Make sure variable string fields are NULL-terminated
tracing: Add action comparisons when testing matching hist triggers
tracing: Don't add flag strings when displaying variable references
tracing: Fix display of hist trigger expressions containing timestamps
ftrace: Drop a VLA in module_exists()
tracing: Mention trace_clock=global when warning about unstable clocks
tracing: Default to using trace_global_clock if sched_clock is unstable
...
Add macros around the initcall_debug tracepoint code to have the code to
default back to the old method if CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS is not enabled.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
With trace events set before and after the initcall function calls, instead
of having a separate routine for printing out the initcalls when
initcall_debug is specified on the kernel command line, have the code
register a callback to the tracepoints where the initcall trace events are.
This removes the need for having a separate function to do the initcalls as
the tracepoint callbacks can handle the printk. It also includes other
initcalls that are not called by the do_one_initcall() which includes
console and security initcalls.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Being able to trace the start and stop of initcalls is useful to see where
the timings are an issue. There is already an "initcall_debug" parameter,
but that can cause a large overhead itself, as the printing of the
information may take longer than the initcall functions.
Adding in a start and finish trace event around the initcall functions, as
well as a trace event that records the level of the initcalls, one can get a
much finer measurement of the times and interactions of the initcalls
themselves, as trace events are much lighter than printk()s.
Suggested-by: Abderrahmane Benbachir <abderrahmane.benbachir@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Pull removal of in-kernel calls to syscalls from Dominik Brodowski:
"System calls are interaction points between userspace and the kernel.
Therefore, system call functions such as sys_xyzzy() or
compat_sys_xyzzy() should only be called from userspace via the
syscall table, but not from elsewhere in the kernel.
At least on 64-bit x86, it will likely be a hard requirement from
v4.17 onwards to not call system call functions in the kernel: It is
better to use use a different calling convention for system calls
there, where struct pt_regs is decoded on-the-fly in a syscall wrapper
which then hands processing over to the actual syscall function. This
means that only those parameters which are actually needed for a
specific syscall are passed on during syscall entry, instead of
filling in six CPU registers with random user space content all the
time (which may cause serious trouble down the call chain). Those
x86-specific patches will be pushed through the x86 tree in the near
future.
Moreover, rules on how data may be accessed may differ between kernel
data and user data. This is another reason why calling sys_xyzzy() is
generally a bad idea, and -- at most -- acceptable in arch-specific
code.
This patchset removes all in-kernel calls to syscall functions in the
kernel with the exception of arch/. On top of this, it cleans up the
three places where many syscalls are referenced or prototyped, namely
kernel/sys_ni.c, include/linux/syscalls.h and include/linux/compat.h"
* 'syscalls-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brodo/linux: (109 commits)
bpf: whitelist all syscalls for error injection
kernel/sys_ni: remove {sys_,sys_compat} from cond_syscall definitions
kernel/sys_ni: sort cond_syscall() entries
syscalls/x86: auto-create compat_sys_*() prototypes
syscalls: sort syscall prototypes in include/linux/compat.h
net: remove compat_sys_*() prototypes from net/compat.h
syscalls: sort syscall prototypes in include/linux/syscalls.h
kexec: move sys_kexec_load() prototype to syscalls.h
x86/sigreturn: use SYSCALL_DEFINE0
x86: fix sys_sigreturn() return type to be long, not unsigned long
x86/ioport: add ksys_ioperm() helper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_ioperm()
mm: add ksys_readahead() helper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_readahead()
mm: add ksys_mmap_pgoff() helper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_mmap_pgoff()
mm: add ksys_fadvise64_64() helper; remove in-kernel call to sys_fadvise64_64()
fs: add ksys_fallocate() wrapper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_fallocate()
fs: add ksys_p{read,write}64() helpers; remove in-kernel calls to syscalls
fs: add ksys_truncate() wrapper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_truncate()
fs: add ksys_sync_file_range helper(); remove in-kernel calls to syscall
kernel: add ksys_setsid() helper; remove in-kernel call to sys_setsid()
kernel: add ksys_unshare() helper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_unshare()
...
Using this wrapper allows us to avoid the in-kernel calls to the
sys_open() syscall. The ksys_ prefix denotes that this function is meant
as a drop-in replacement for the syscall. In particular, it uses the
same calling convention as sys_open().
This patch is part of a series which removes in-kernel calls to syscalls.
On this basis, the syscall entry path can be streamlined. For details, see
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180325162527.GA17492@light.dominikbrodowski.net
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Using the fs-internal do_faccessat() helper allows us to get rid of
fs-internal calls to the sys_faccessat() syscall.
Introducing the ksys_access() wrapper allows us to avoid the in-kernel
calls to the sys_access() syscall. The ksys_ prefix denotes that this
function is meant as a drop-in replacement for the syscall. In
particular, it uses the same calling convention as sys_access().
This patch is part of a series which removes in-kernel calls to syscalls.
On this basis, the syscall entry path can be streamlined. For details, see
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180325162527.GA17492@light.dominikbrodowski.net
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Using ksys_dup() and ksys_dup3() as helper functions allows us to
avoid the in-kernel calls to the sys_dup() and sys_dup3() syscalls.
The ksys_ prefix denotes that these functions are meant as a drop-in
replacement for the syscalls. In particular, they use the same
calling convention as sys_dup{,3}().
In the near future, the fs-external callers of ksys_dup{,3}() should be
converted to call do_dup2() directly. Then, ksys_dup{,3}() can be moved
within sys_dup{,3}() again.
This patch is part of a series which removes in-kernel calls to syscalls.
On this basis, the syscall entry path can be streamlined. For details, see
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180325162527.GA17492@light.dominikbrodowski.net
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
The early_initcall() functions get assigned to __initcall_start[]. These are
called by do_pre_smp_initcalls(). The initcall_levels[] array starts with
__initcall0_start[], and initcall_levels[] are to match the
initcall_level_names[] array. The first name in that array is "early", but
that is not correct. As pure_initcall() functions get assigned to
__initcall0_start[] array.
Change the first name in initcall_level_names[] array to "pure".
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
With the following commit:
3335224470 ("jump_label: Explicitly disable jump labels in __init code")
... we explicitly disabled jump labels in __init code, so they could be
detected and not warned about in the following commit:
dc1dd184c2 ("jump_label: Warn on failed jump_label patching attempt")
In-kernel __exit code has the same issue. It's never used, so it's
freed along with the rest of initmem. But jump label entries in __exit
code aren't explicitly disabled, so we get the following warning when
enabling pr_debug() in __exit code:
can't patch jump_label at dmi_sysfs_exit+0x0/0x2d
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 22572 at kernel/jump_label.c:376 __jump_label_update+0x9d/0xb0
Fix the warning by disabling all jump labels in initmem (which includes
both __init and __exit code).
Reported-and-tested-by: Li Wang <liwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: dc1dd184c2 ("jump_label: Warn on failed jump_label patching attempt")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/7121e6e595374f06616c505b6e690e275c0054d1.1521483452.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
After initmem has been freed, any jump labels in __init code are
prevented from being written to by the kernel_text_address() check in
__jump_label_update(). However, this check is quite broad. If
kernel_text_address() were to return false for any other reason, the
jump label write would fail silently with no warning.
For jump labels in module init code, entry->code is set to zero to
indicate that the entry is disabled. Do the same thing for core kernel
init code. This makes the behavior more consistent, and will also make
it more straightforward to detect non-init jump label write failures in
the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c52825c73f3a174e8398b6898284ec20d4deb126.1519051220.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 page table isolation updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is the final set of enabling page table isolation on x86:
- Infrastructure patches for handling the extra page tables.
- Patches which map the various bits and pieces which are required to
get in and out of user space into the user space visible page
tables.
- The required changes to have CR3 switching in the entry/exit code.
- Optimizations for the CR3 switching along with documentation how
the ASID/PCID mechanism works.
- Updates to dump pagetables to cover the user space page tables for
W+X scans and extra debugfs files to analyze both the kernel and
the user space visible page tables
The whole functionality is compile time controlled via a config switch
and can be turned on/off on the command line as well"
* 'x86-pti-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (32 commits)
x86/ldt: Make the LDT mapping RO
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Allow dumping current pagetables
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Check user space page table for WX pages
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Add page table directory to the debugfs VFS hierarchy
x86/mm/pti: Add Kconfig
x86/dumpstack: Indicate in Oops whether PTI is configured and enabled
x86/mm: Clarify the whole ASID/kernel PCID/user PCID naming
x86/mm: Use INVPCID for __native_flush_tlb_single()
x86/mm: Optimize RESTORE_CR3
x86/mm: Use/Fix PCID to optimize user/kernel switches
x86/mm: Abstract switching CR3
x86/mm: Allow flushing for future ASID switches
x86/pti: Map the vsyscall page if needed
x86/pti: Put the LDT in its own PGD if PTI is on
x86/mm/64: Make a full PGD-entry size hole in the memory map
x86/events/intel/ds: Map debug buffers in cpu_entry_area
x86/cpu_entry_area: Add debugstore entries to cpu_entry_area
x86/mm/pti: Map ESPFIX into user space
x86/mm/pti: Share entry text PMD
x86/entry: Align entry text section to PMD boundary
...
Pull x86 PTI preparatory patches from Thomas Gleixner:
"Todays Advent calendar window contains twentyfour easy to digest
patches. The original plan was to have twenty three matching the date,
but a late fixup made that moot.
- Move the cpu_entry_area mapping out of the fixmap into a separate
address space. That's necessary because the fixmap becomes too big
with NRCPUS=8192 and this caused already subtle and hard to
diagnose failures.
The top most patch is fresh from today and cures a brain slip of
that tall grumpy german greybeard, who ignored the intricacies of
32bit wraparounds.
- Limit the number of CPUs on 32bit to 64. That's insane big already,
but at least it's small enough to prevent address space issues with
the cpu_entry_area map, which have been observed and debugged with
the fixmap code
- A few TLB flush fixes in various places plus documentation which of
the TLB functions should be used for what.
- Rename the SYSENTER stack to CPU_ENTRY_AREA stack as it is used for
more than sysenter now and keeping the name makes backtraces
confusing.
- Prevent LDT inheritance on exec() by moving it to arch_dup_mmap(),
which is only invoked on fork().
- Make vysycall more robust.
- A few fixes and cleanups of the debug_pagetables code. Check
PAGE_PRESENT instead of checking the PTE for 0 and a cleanup of the
C89 initialization of the address hint array which already was out
of sync with the index enums.
- Move the ESPFIX init to a different place to prepare for PTI.
- Several code moves with no functional change to make PTI
integration simpler and header files less convoluted.
- Documentation fixes and clarifications"
* 'x86-pti-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (24 commits)
x86/cpu_entry_area: Prevent wraparound in setup_cpu_entry_area_ptes() on 32bit
init: Invoke init_espfix_bsp() from mm_init()
x86/cpu_entry_area: Move it out of the fixmap
x86/cpu_entry_area: Move it to a separate unit
x86/mm: Create asm/invpcid.h
x86/mm: Put MMU to hardware ASID translation in one place
x86/mm: Remove hard-coded ASID limit checks
x86/mm: Move the CR3 construction functions to tlbflush.h
x86/mm: Add comments to clarify which TLB-flush functions are supposed to flush what
x86/mm: Remove superfluous barriers
x86/mm: Use __flush_tlb_one() for kernel memory
x86/microcode: Dont abuse the TLB-flush interface
x86/uv: Use the right TLB-flush API
x86/entry: Rename SYSENTER_stack to CPU_ENTRY_AREA_entry_stack
x86/doc: Remove obvious weirdnesses from the x86 MM layout documentation
x86/mm/64: Improve the memory map documentation
x86/ldt: Prevent LDT inheritance on exec
x86/ldt: Rework locking
arch, mm: Allow arch_dup_mmap() to fail
x86/vsyscall/64: Warn and fail vsyscall emulation in NATIVE mode
...
init_espfix_bsp() needs to be invoked before the page table isolation
initialization. Move it into mm_init() which is the place where pti_init()
will be added.
While at it get rid of the #ifdeffery and provide proper stub functions.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This is needed in order to allow the unbound workqueue to take
housekeeping cpus into accounty
Signed-off-by: Tal Shorer <tal.shorer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
pidhash is no longer required as all the information can be looked up
from idr tree. nr_hashed represented the number of pids that had been
hashed. Since, nr_hashed and PIDNS_HASH_ADDING are no longer relevant,
it has been renamed to pid_allocated and PIDNS_ADDING respectively.
[gs051095@gmail.com: v6]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507760379-21662-3-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507583624-22146-3-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Gargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> [ia64]
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Replacing PID bitmap implementation with IDR API", v4.
This series replaces kernel bitmap implementation of PID allocation with
IDR API. These patches are written to simplify the kernel by replacing
custom code with calls to generic code.
The following are the stats for pid and pid_namespace object files
before and after the replacement. There is a noteworthy change between
the IDR and bitmap implementation.
Before
text data bss dec hex filename
8447 3894 64 12405 3075 kernel/pid.o
After
text data bss dec hex filename
3397 304 0 3701 e75 kernel/pid.o
Before
text data bss dec hex filename
5692 1842 192 7726 1e2e kernel/pid_namespace.o
After
text data bss dec hex filename
2854 216 16 3086 c0e kernel/pid_namespace.o
The following are the stats for ps, pstree and calling readdir on /proc
for 10,000 processes.
ps:
With IDR API With bitmap
real 0m1.479s 0m2.319s
user 0m0.070s 0m0.060s
sys 0m0.289s 0m0.516s
pstree:
With IDR API With bitmap
real 0m1.024s 0m1.794s
user 0m0.348s 0m0.612s
sys 0m0.184s 0m0.264s
proc:
With IDR API With bitmap
real 0m0.059s 0m0.074s
user 0m0.000s 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.016s 0m0.016s
This patch (of 2):
Replace the current bitmap implementation for Process ID allocation.
Functions that are no longer required, for example, free_pidmap(),
alloc_pidmap(), etc. are removed. The rest of the functions are
modified to use the IDR API. The change was made to make the PID
allocation less complex by replacing custom code with calls to generic
API.
[gs051095@gmail.com: v6]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507760379-21662-2-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
[avagin@openvz.org: restore the old behaviour of the ns_last_pid sysctl]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171106183144.16368-1-avagin@openvz.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507583624-22146-2-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Gargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "kmemcheck: kill kmemcheck", v2.
As discussed at LSF/MM, kill kmemcheck.
KASan is a replacement that is able to work without the limitation of
kmemcheck (single CPU, slow). KASan is already upstream.
We are also not aware of any users of kmemcheck (or users who don't
consider KASan as a suitable replacement).
The only objection was that since KASAN wasn't supported by all GCC
versions provided by distros at that time we should hold off for 2
years, and try again.
Now that 2 years have passed, and all distros provide gcc that supports
KASAN, kill kmemcheck again for the very same reasons.
This patch (of 4):
Remove kmemcheck annotations, and calls to kmemcheck from the kernel.
[alexander.levin@verizon.com: correctly remove kmemcheck call from dma_map_sg_attrs]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171012192151.26531-1-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171007030159.22241-2-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Hansen <devtimhansen@gmail.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull x86 APIC updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This update provides a major overhaul of the APIC initialization and
vector allocation code:
- Unification of the APIC and interrupt mode setup which was
scattered all over the place and was hard to follow. This also
distangles the timer setup from the APIC initialization which
brings a clear separation of functionality.
Great detective work from Dou Lyiang!
- Refactoring of the x86 vector allocation mechanism. The existing
code was based on nested loops and rather convoluted APIC callbacks
which had a horrible worst case behaviour and tried to serve all
different use cases in one go. This led to quite odd hacks when
supporting the new managed interupt facility for multiqueue devices
and made it more or less impossible to deal with the vector space
exhaustion which was a major roadblock for server hibernation.
Aside of that the code dealing with cpu hotplug and the system
vectors was disconnected from the actual vector management and
allocation code, which made it hard to follow and maintain.
Utilizing the new bitmap matrix allocator core mechanism, the new
allocator and management code consolidates the handling of system
vectors, legacy vectors, cpu hotplug mechanisms and the actual
allocation which needs to be aware of system and legacy vectors and
hotplug constraints into a single consistent entity.
This has one visible change: The support for multi CPU targets of
interrupts, which is only available on a certain subset of
CPUs/APIC variants has been removed in favour of single interrupt
targets. A proper analysis of the multi CPU target feature revealed
that there is no real advantage as the vast majority of interrupts
end up on the CPU with the lowest APIC id in the set of target CPUs
anyway. That change was agreed on by the relevant folks and allowed
to simplify the implementation significantly and to replace rather
fragile constructs like the vector cleanup IPI with straight
forward and solid code.
Furthermore this allowed to cleanly separate the allocation details
for legacy, normal and managed interrupts:
* Legacy interrupts are not longer wasting 16 vectors
unconditionally
* Managed interrupts have now a guaranteed vector reservation, but
the actual vector assignment happens when the interrupt is
requested. It's guaranteed not to fail.
* Normal interrupts no longer allocate vectors unconditionally
when the interrupt is set up (IO/APIC init or MSI(X) enable).
The mechanism has been switched to a best effort reservation
mode. The actual allocation happens when the interrupt is
requested. Contrary to managed interrupts the request can fail
due to vector space exhaustion, but drivers must handle a fail
of request_irq() anyway. When the interrupt is freed, the vector
is handed back as well.
This solves a long standing problem with large unconditional
vector allocations for a certain class of enterprise devices
which prevented server hibernation due to vector space
exhaustion when the unused allocated vectors had to be migrated
to CPU0 while unplugging all non boot CPUs.
The code has been equipped with trace points and detailed debugfs
information to aid analysis of the vector space"
* 'x86-apic-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (60 commits)
x86/vector/msi: Select CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_RESERVATION_MODE
PCI/MSI: Set MSI_FLAG_MUST_REACTIVATE in core code
genirq: Add config option for reservation mode
x86/vector: Use correct per cpu variable in free_moved_vector()
x86/apic/vector: Ignore set_affinity call for inactive interrupts
x86/apic: Fix spelling mistake: "symmectic" -> "symmetric"
x86/apic: Use dead_cpu instead of current CPU when cleaning up
ACPI/init: Invoke early ACPI initialization earlier
x86/vector: Respect affinity mask in irq descriptor
x86/irq: Simplify hotplug vector accounting
x86/vector: Switch IOAPIC to global reservation mode
x86/vector/msi: Switch to global reservation mode
x86/vector: Handle managed interrupts proper
x86/io_apic: Reevaluate vector configuration on activate()
iommu/amd: Reevaluate vector configuration on activate()
iommu/vt-d: Reevaluate vector configuration on activate()
x86/apic/msi: Force reactivation of interrupts at startup time
x86/vector: Untangle internal state from irq_cfg
x86/vector: Compile SMP only code conditionally
x86/apic: Remove unused callbacks
...
The housekeeping code is currently tied to the NOHZ code. As we are
planning to make housekeeping independent from it, start with moving
the relevant code to its own file.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509072159-31808-2-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
acpi_early_init() unmaps the temporary ACPI Table mappings which are used
in the early startup code and prepares for permanent table mappings.
Before the consolidation of the x86 APIC setup code the invocation of
acpi_early_init() happened before the interrupt remapping unit was
initialized. With the rework the remapping unit initialization moved in
front of acpi_early_init() which causes an ACPI warning when the ACPI root
tables get reallocated afterwards.
Invoke acpi_early_init() before late_time_init() which is before the access
to the DMAR tables happens.
Fixes: 935356cecd ("x86/apic: Initialize interrupt mode after timer init")
Reported-by: Xiaolong Ye <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dou Liyang <douly.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: bhe@redhat.com
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: Lv" <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Cc: yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1505294274-441-1-git-send-email-douly.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Feed the boot command-line as to the /dev/random entropy pool
Existing Android bootloaders usually pass data which may not be known by
an external attacker on the kernel command-line. It may also be the
case on other embedded systems. Sample command-line from a Google Pixel
running CopperheadOS....
console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0
androidboot.hardware=sailfish user_debug=31 ehci-hcd.park=3
lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 cma=32M@0-0xffffffff buildvariant=user
veritykeyid=id:dfcb9db0089e5b3b4090a592415c28e1cb4545ab
androidboot.bootdevice=624000.ufshc androidboot.verifiedbootstate=yellow
androidboot.veritymode=enforcing androidboot.keymaster=1
androidboot.serialno=FA6CE0305299 androidboot.baseband=msm
mdss_mdp.panel=1:dsi:0:qcom,mdss_dsi_samsung_ea8064tg_1080p_cmd:1:none:cfg:single_dsi
androidboot.slot_suffix=_b fpsimd.fpsimd_settings=0
app_setting.use_app_setting=0 kernelflag=0x00000000 debugflag=0x00000000
androidboot.hardware.revision=PVT radioflag=0x00000000
radioflagex1=0x00000000 radioflagex2=0x00000000 cpumask=0x00000000
androidboot.hardware.ddr=4096MB,Hynix,LPDDR4 androidboot.ddrinfo=00000006
androidboot.ddrsize=4GB androidboot.hardware.color=GRA00
androidboot.hardware.ufs=32GB,Samsung androidboot.msm.hw_ver_id=268824801
androidboot.qf.st=2 androidboot.cid=11111111 androidboot.mid=G-2PW4100
androidboot.bootloader=8996-012001-1704121145
androidboot.oem_unlock_support=1 androidboot.fp_src=1
androidboot.htc.hrdump=detected androidboot.ramdump.opt=mem@2g:2g,mem@4g:2g
androidboot.bootreason=reboot androidboot.ramdump_enable=0 ro
root=/dev/dm-0 dm="system none ro,0 1 android-verity /dev/sda34"
rootwait skip_initramfs init=/init androidboot.wificountrycode=US
androidboot.boottime=1BLL:85,1BLE:669,2BLL:0,2BLE:1777,SW:6,KL:8136
Among other things, it contains a value unique to the device
(androidboot.serialno=FA6CE0305299), unique to the OS builds for the
device variant (veritykeyid=id:dfcb9db0089e5b3b4090a592415c28e1cb4545ab)
and timings from the bootloader stages in milliseconds
(androidboot.boottime=1BLL:85,1BLE:669,2BLL:0,2BLE:1777,SW:6,KL:8136).
[tytso@mit.edu: changelog tweak]
[labbott@redhat.com: line-wrapped command line]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816231458.2299-3-labbott@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Command line randomness", v3.
A series to add the kernel command line as a source of randomness.
This patch (of 2):
Stack canary intialization involves getting a random number. Getting this
random number may involve accessing caches or other architectural specific
features which are not available until after the architecture is setup.
Move the stack canary initialization later to accommodate this.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816231458.2299-2-labbott@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull percpu updates from Tejun Heo:
"A lot of changes for percpu this time around. percpu inherited the
same area allocator from the original pre-virtual-address-mapped
implementation. This was from the time when percpu allocator wasn't
used all that much and the implementation was focused on simplicity,
with the unfortunate computational complexity of O(number of areas
allocated from the chunk) per alloc / free.
With the increase in percpu usage, we're hitting cases where the lack
of scalability is hurting. The most prominent one right now is bpf
perpcu map creation / destruction which may allocate and free a lot of
entries consecutively and it's likely that the problem will become
more prominent in the future.
To address the issue, Dennis replaced the area allocator with hinted
bitmap allocator which is more consistent. While the new allocator
does perform a bit worse in some cases, it outperforms the old
allocator way more than an order of magnitude in other more common
scenarios while staying mostly flat in CPU overhead and completely
flat in memory consumption"
* 'for-4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (27 commits)
percpu: update header to contain bitmap allocator explanation.
percpu: update pcpu_find_block_fit to use an iterator
percpu: use metadata blocks to update the chunk contig hint
percpu: update free path to take advantage of contig hints
percpu: update alloc path to only scan if contig hints are broken
percpu: keep track of the best offset for contig hints
percpu: skip chunks if the alloc does not fit in the contig hint
percpu: add first_bit to keep track of the first free in the bitmap
percpu: introduce bitmap metadata blocks
percpu: replace area map allocator with bitmap
percpu: generalize bitmap (un)populated iterators
percpu: increase minimum percpu allocation size and align first regions
percpu: introduce nr_empty_pop_pages to help empty page accounting
percpu: change the number of pages marked in the first_chunk pop bitmap
percpu: combine percpu address checks
percpu: modify base_addr to be region specific
percpu: setup_first_chunk rename schunk/dchunk to chunk
percpu: end chunk area maps page aligned for the populated bitmap
percpu: unify allocation of schunk and dchunk
percpu: setup_first_chunk remove dyn_size and consolidate logic
...
build_all_zonelists gets a zone parameter to initialize zone's pagesets.
There is only a single user which gives a non-NULL zone parameter and
that one doesn't really need the rest of the build_all_zonelists (see
commit 6dcd73d701 ("memory-hotplug: allocate zone's pcp before
onlining pages")).
Therefore remove setup_zone_pageset from build_all_zonelists and call it
from its only user directly. This will also remove a pointless zonlists
rebuilding which is always good.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170721143915.14161-5-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull x86 mm changes from Ingo Molnar:
"PCID support, 5-level paging support, Secure Memory Encryption support
The main changes in this cycle are support for three new, complex
hardware features of x86 CPUs:
- Add 5-level paging support, which is a new hardware feature on
upcoming Intel CPUs allowing up to 128 PB of virtual address space
and 4 PB of physical RAM space - a 512-fold increase over the old
limits. (Supercomputers of the future forecasting hurricanes on an
ever warming planet can certainly make good use of more RAM.)
Many of the necessary changes went upstream in previous cycles,
v4.14 is the first kernel that can enable 5-level paging.
This feature is activated via CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL=y - disabled by
default.
(By Kirill A. Shutemov)
- Add 'encrypted memory' support, which is a new hardware feature on
upcoming AMD CPUs ('Secure Memory Encryption', SME) allowing system
RAM to be encrypted and decrypted (mostly) transparently by the
CPU, with a little help from the kernel to transition to/from
encrypted RAM. Such RAM should be more secure against various
attacks like RAM access via the memory bus and should make the
radio signature of memory bus traffic harder to intercept (and
decrypt) as well.
This feature is activated via CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT=y - disabled
by default.
(By Tom Lendacky)
- Enable PCID optimized TLB flushing on newer Intel CPUs: PCID is a
hardware feature that attaches an address space tag to TLB entries
and thus allows to skip TLB flushing in many cases, even if we
switch mm's.
(By Andy Lutomirski)
All three of these features were in the works for a long time, and
it's coincidence of the three independent development paths that they
are all enabled in v4.14 at once"
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (65 commits)
x86/mm: Enable RCU based page table freeing (CONFIG_HAVE_RCU_TABLE_FREE=y)
x86/mm: Use pr_cont() in dump_pagetable()
x86/mm: Fix SME encryption stack ptr handling
kvm/x86: Avoid clearing the C-bit in rsvd_bits()
x86/CPU: Align CR3 defines
x86/mm, mm/hwpoison: Clear PRESENT bit for kernel 1:1 mappings of poison pages
acpi, x86/mm: Remove encryption mask from ACPI page protection type
x86/mm, kexec: Fix memory corruption with SME on successive kexecs
x86/mm/pkeys: Fix typo in Documentation/x86/protection-keys.txt
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Speed up page tables dump for CONFIG_KASAN=y
x86/mm: Implement PCID based optimization: try to preserve old TLB entries using PCID
x86: Enable 5-level paging support via CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL=y
x86/mm: Allow userspace have mappings above 47-bit
x86/mm: Prepare to expose larger address space to userspace
x86/mpx: Do not allow MPX if we have mappings above 47-bit
x86/mm: Rename tasksize_32bit/64bit to task_size_32bit/64bit()
x86/xen: Redefine XEN_ELFNOTE_INIT_P2M using PUD_SIZE * PTRS_PER_PUD
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Fix printout of p4d level
x86/mm/dump_pagetables: Generalize address normalization
x86/boot: Fix memremap() related build failure
...
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- fix affine wakeups (Peter Zijlstra)
- improve CPU onlining (and general bootup) scalability on systems
with ridiculous number (thousands) of CPUs (Peter Zijlstra)
- sched/numa updates (Rik van Riel)
- sched/deadline updates (Byungchul Park)
- sched/cpufreq enhancements and related cleanups (Viresh Kumar)
- sched/debug enhancements (Xie XiuQi)
- various fixes"
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (27 commits)
sched/debug: Optimize sched_domain sysctl generation
sched/topology: Avoid pointless rebuild
sched/topology, cpuset: Avoid spurious/wrong domain rebuilds
sched/topology: Improve comments
sched/topology: Fix memory leak in __sdt_alloc()
sched/completion: Document that reinit_completion() must be called after complete_all()
sched/autogroup: Fix error reporting printk text in autogroup_create()
sched/fair: Fix wake_affine() for !NUMA_BALANCING
sched/debug: Intruduce task_state_to_char() helper function
sched/debug: Show task state in /proc/sched_debug
sched/debug: Use task_pid_nr_ns in /proc/$pid/sched
sched/core: Remove unnecessary initialization init_idle_bootup_task()
sched/deadline: Change return value of cpudl_find()
sched/deadline: Make find_later_rq() choose a closer CPU in topology
sched/numa: Scale scan period with tasks in group and shared/private
sched/numa: Slow down scan rate if shared faults dominate
sched/pelt: Fix false running accounting
sched: Mark pick_next_task_dl() and build_sched_domain() as static
sched/cpupri: Don't re-initialize 'struct cpupri'
sched/deadline: Don't re-initialize 'struct cpudl'
...
The allocated debug objects are either on the free list or in the
hashed bucket lists. So they won't get lost. However if both debug
objects and kmemleak are enabled and kmemleak scanning is done
while some of the debug objects are transitioning from one list to
the others, false negative reporting of memory leaks may happen for
those objects. For example,
[38687.275678] kmemleak: 12 new suspected memory leaks (see
/sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak)
unreferenced object 0xffff92e98aabeb68 (size 40):
comm "ksmtuned", pid 4344, jiffies 4298403600 (age 906.430s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 d0 bc db 92 e9 92 ff ff ................
01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 38 36 8a 61 e9 92 ff ff ........86.a....
backtrace:
[<ffffffff8fa5378a>] kmemleak_alloc+0x4a/0xa0
[<ffffffff8f47c019>] kmem_cache_alloc+0xe9/0x320
[<ffffffff8f62ed96>] __debug_object_init+0x3e6/0x400
[<ffffffff8f62ef01>] debug_object_activate+0x131/0x210
[<ffffffff8f330d9f>] __call_rcu+0x3f/0x400
[<ffffffff8f33117d>] call_rcu_sched+0x1d/0x20
[<ffffffff8f4a183c>] put_object+0x2c/0x40
[<ffffffff8f4a188c>] __delete_object+0x3c/0x50
[<ffffffff8f4a18bd>] delete_object_full+0x1d/0x20
[<ffffffff8fa535c2>] kmemleak_free+0x32/0x80
[<ffffffff8f47af07>] kmem_cache_free+0x77/0x350
[<ffffffff8f453912>] unlink_anon_vmas+0x82/0x1e0
[<ffffffff8f440341>] free_pgtables+0xa1/0x110
[<ffffffff8f44af91>] exit_mmap+0xc1/0x170
[<ffffffff8f29db60>] mmput+0x80/0x150
[<ffffffff8f2a7609>] do_exit+0x2a9/0xd20
The references in the debug objects may also hide a real memory leak.
As there is no point in having kmemleak to track debug object
allocations, kmemleak checking is now disabled for debug objects.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502718733-8527-1-git-send-email-longman@redhat.com
init_idle_bootup_task( ) is called in rest_init( ) to switch
the scheduling class of the boot thread to the idle class.
the function only sets:
idle->sched_class = &idle_sched_class;
which has been set in init_idle() called by sched_init():
/*
* The idle tasks have their own, simple scheduling class:
*/
idle->sched_class = &idle_sched_class;
We've already set the boot thread to idle class in
start_kernel()->sched_init()->init_idle()
so it's unnecessary to set it again in
start_kernel()->rest_init()->init_idle_bootup_task()
Signed-off-by: Cheng Jian <cj.chengjian@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1501838377-109720-1-git-send-email-cj.chengjian@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The percpu memory allocator is experiencing scalability issues when
allocating and freeing large numbers of counters as in BPF.
Additionally, there is a corner case where iteration is triggered over
all chunks if the contig_hint is the right size, but wrong alignment.
This patch replaces the area map allocator with a basic bitmap allocator
implementation. Each subsequent patch will introduce new features and
replace full scanning functions with faster non-scanning options when
possible.
Implementation:
This patchset removes the area map allocator in favor of a bitmap
allocator backed by metadata blocks. The primary goal is to provide
consistency in performance and memory footprint with a focus on small
allocations (< 64 bytes). The bitmap removes the heavy memmove from the
freeing critical path and provides a consistent memory footprint. The
metadata blocks provide a bound on the amount of scanning required by
maintaining a set of hints.
In an effort to make freeing fast, the metadata is updated on the free
path if the new free area makes a page free, a block free, or spans
across blocks. This causes the chunk's contig hint to potentially be
smaller than what it could allocate by up to the smaller of a page or a
block. If the chunk's contig hint is contained within a block, a check
occurs and the hint is kept accurate. Metadata is always kept accurate
on allocation, so there will not be a situation where a chunk has a
later contig hint than available.
Evaluation:
I have primarily done testing against a simple workload of allocation of
1 million objects (2^20) of varying size. Deallocation was done by in
order, alternating, and in reverse. These numbers were collected after
rebasing ontop of a80099a152. I present the worst-case numbers here:
Area Map Allocator:
Object Size | Alloc Time (ms) | Free Time (ms)
----------------------------------------------
4B | 310 | 4770
16B | 557 | 1325
64B | 436 | 273
256B | 776 | 131
1024B | 3280 | 122
Bitmap Allocator:
Object Size | Alloc Time (ms) | Free Time (ms)
----------------------------------------------
4B | 490 | 70
16B | 515 | 75
64B | 610 | 80
256B | 950 | 100
1024B | 3520 | 200
This data demonstrates the inability for the area map allocator to
handle less than ideal situations. In the best case of reverse
deallocation, the area map allocator was able to perform within range
of the bitmap allocator. In the worst case situation, freeing took
nearly 5 seconds for 1 million 4-byte objects. The bitmap allocator
dramatically improves the consistency of the free path. The small
allocations performed nearly identical regardless of the freeing
pattern.
While it does add to the allocation latency, the allocation scenario
here is optimal for the area map allocator. The area map allocator runs
into trouble when it is allocating in chunks where the latter half is
full. It is difficult to replicate this, so I present a variant where
the pages are second half filled. Freeing was done sequentially. Below
are the numbers for this scenario:
Area Map Allocator:
Object Size | Alloc Time (ms) | Free Time (ms)
----------------------------------------------
4B | 4118 | 4892
16B | 1651 | 1163
64B | 598 | 285
256B | 771 | 158
1024B | 3034 | 160
Bitmap Allocator:
Object Size | Alloc Time (ms) | Free Time (ms)
----------------------------------------------
4B | 481 | 67
16B | 506 | 69
64B | 636 | 75
256B | 892 | 90
1024B | 3262 | 147
The data shows a parabolic curve of performance for the area map
allocator. This is due to the memmove operation being the dominant cost
with the lower object sizes as more objects are packed in a chunk and at
higher object sizes, the traversal of the chunk slots is the dominating
cost. The bitmap allocator suffers this problem as well. The above data
shows the inability to scale for the allocation path with the area map
allocator and that the bitmap allocator demonstrates consistent
performance in general.
The second problem of additional scanning can result in the area map
allocator completing in 52 minutes when trying to allocate 1 million
4-byte objects with 8-byte alignment. The same workload takes
approximately 16 seconds to complete for the bitmap allocator.
V2:
Fixed a bug in pcpu_alloc_first_chunk end_offset was setting the bitmap
using bytes instead of bits.
Added a comment to pcpu_cnt_pop_pages to explain bitmap_weight.
Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisszhou@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Since DMA addresses will effectively look like 48-bit addresses when the
memory encryption mask is set, SWIOTLB is needed if the DMA mask of the
device performing the DMA does not support 48-bits. SWIOTLB will be
initialized to create decrypted bounce buffers for use by these devices.
Signed-off-by: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Toshimitsu Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/aa2d29b78ae7d508db8881e46a3215231b9327a7.1500319216.git.thomas.lendacky@amd.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The add_device_randomness() function would ignore incoming bytes if the
crng wasn't ready. This additionally makes sure to make an early enough
call to add_latent_entropy() to influence the initial stack canary,
which is especially important on non-x86 systems where it stays the same
through the life of the boot.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170626233038.GA48751@beast
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Lokesh Vutla <lokeshvutla@ti.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
might_sleep() and smp_processor_id() checks are enabled after the boot
process is done. That hides bugs in the SMP bringup and driver
initialization code.
Enable it right when the scheduler starts working, i.e. when init task and
kthreadd have been created and right before the idle task enables
preemption.
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170516184736.272225698@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Some of the boot code in init_kernel_freeable() which runs before SMP
bringup assumes (rightfully) that it runs on the boot CPU and therefore can
use smp_processor_id() in preemptible context.
That works so far because the smp_processor_id() check starts to be
effective after smp bringup. That's just wrong. Starting with SMP bringup
and the ability to move threads around, smp_processor_id() in preemptible
context is broken.
Aside of that it does not make sense to allow init to run on all CPUs
before sched_smp_init() has been run.
Pin the init to the boot CPU so the existing code can continue to use
smp_processor_id() without triggering the checks when the enabling of those
checks starts earlier.
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170516184734.943149935@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Here is the "big" TTY/Serial patch updates for 4.12-rc1
Not a lot of new things here, the normal number of serial driver updates
and additions, tiny bugs fixed, and some core files split up to make
future changes a bit easier for Nicolas's "tiny-tty" work.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while. There will be a merge
conflict with include/linux/serdev.h coming from the bluetooth tree
merge, which we knew about, as we wanted some of the serdev changes to
go in through that tree. I'll send the expected merge result as a
follow-on message.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'tty-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull tty/serial updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the "big" TTY/Serial patch updates for 4.12-rc1
Not a lot of new things here, the normal number of serial driver
updates and additions, tiny bugs fixed, and some core files split up
to make future changes a bit easier for Nicolas's "tiny-tty" work.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while"
* tag 'tty-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (62 commits)
serial: small Makefile reordering
tty: split job control support into a file of its own
tty: move baudrate handling code to a file of its own
console: move console_init() out of tty_io.c
serial: 8250_early: Add earlycon support for Palmchip UART
tty: pl011: use "qdf2400_e44" as the earlycon name for QDF2400 E44
vt: make mouse selection of non-ASCII consistent
vt: set mouse selection word-chars to gpm's default
imx-serial: Reduce RX DMA startup latency when opening for reading
serial: omap: suspend device on probe errors
serial: omap: fix runtime-pm handling on unbind
tty: serial: omap: add UPF_BOOT_AUTOCONF flag for DT init
serial: samsung: Remove useless spinlock
serial: samsung: Add missing checks for dma_map_single failure
serial: samsung: Use right device for DMA-mapping calls
serial: imx: setup DCEDTE early and ensure DCD and RI irqs to be off
tty: fix comment typo s/repsonsible/responsible/
tty: amba-pl011: Fix spurious TX interrupts
serial: xuartps: Enable clocks in the pm disable case also
serial: core: Re-use struct uart_port {name} field
...
o Pretty much a full rewrite of the processing of function plugins.
i.e. echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter
o The rewrite was needed to add plugins to be unique to tracing instances.
i.e. mkdir instance/foo; cd instances/foo; echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter
The old way was written very hacky. This removes a lot of those hacks.
o New "function-fork" tracing option. When set, pids in the set_ftrace_pid
will have their children added when the processes with their pids
listed in the set_ftrace_pid file forks.
o Exposure of "maxactive" for kretprobe in kprobe_events
o Allow for builtin init functions to be traced by the function tracer
(via the kernel command line). Module init function tracing will come
in the next release.
o Added more selftests, and have selftests also test in an instance.
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"New features for this release:
- Pretty much a full rewrite of the processing of function plugins.
i.e. echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter
- The rewrite was needed to add plugins to be unique to tracing
instances. i.e. mkdir instance/foo; cd instances/foo; echo
do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter The old way was written very
hacky. This removes a lot of those hacks.
- New "function-fork" tracing option. When set, pids in the
set_ftrace_pid will have their children added when the processes
with their pids listed in the set_ftrace_pid file forks.
- Exposure of "maxactive" for kretprobe in kprobe_events
- Allow for builtin init functions to be traced by the function
tracer (via the kernel command line). Module init function tracing
will come in the next release.
- Added more selftests, and have selftests also test in an instance"
* tag 'trace-v4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (60 commits)
ring-buffer: Return reader page back into existing ring buffer
selftests: ftrace: Allow some event trigger tests to run in an instance
selftests: ftrace: Have some basic tests run in a tracing instance too
selftests: ftrace: Have event tests also run in an tracing instance
selftests: ftrace: Make func_event_triggers and func_traceonoff_triggers tests do instances
selftests: ftrace: Allow some tests to be run in a tracing instance
tracing/ftrace: Allow for instances to trigger their own stacktrace probes
tracing/ftrace: Allow for the traceonoff probe be unique to instances
tracing/ftrace: Enable snapshot function trigger to work with instances
tracing/ftrace: Allow instances to have their own function probes
tracing/ftrace: Add a better way to pass data via the probe functions
ftrace: Dynamically create the probe ftrace_ops for the trace_array
tracing: Pass the trace_array into ftrace_probe_ops functions
tracing: Have the trace_array hold the list of registered func probes
ftrace: If the hash for a probe fails to update then free what was initialized
ftrace: Have the function probes call their own function
ftrace: Have each function probe use its own ftrace_ops
ftrace: Have unregister_ftrace_function_probe_func() return a value
ftrace: Add helper function ftrace_hash_move_and_update_ops()
ftrace: Remove data field from ftrace_func_probe structure
...
Add a tab before it to follow standard practices. Also add the missing
full stop '.'.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
All the console driver handling code lives in printk.c.
Move console_init() there as well so console support can still be used
when the TTY code is configured out. No logical changes from this patch.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Relying on free_reserved_area() to call ftrace to free init memory proved to
not be sufficient. The issue is that on x86, when debug_pagealloc is
enabled, the init memory is not freed, but simply set as not present. Since
ftrace was uninformed of this, starting function tracing still tries to
update pages that are not present according to the page tables, causing
ftrace to bug, as well as killing the kernel itself.
Instead of relying on free_reserved_area(), have init/main.c call ftrace
directly just before it frees the init memory. Then it needs to use
__init_begin and __init_end to know where the init memory location is.
Looking at all archs (and testing what I can), it appears that this should
work for each of them.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Yang Li has reported that drain_all_pages triggers a WARN_ON which means
that this function is called earlier than the mm_percpu_wq is
initialized on arm64 with CMA configured:
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1 at mm/page_alloc.c:2423 drain_all_pages+0x244/0x25c
Modules linked in:
CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.11.0-rc1-next-20170310-00027-g64dfbc5 #127
Hardware name: Freescale Layerscape 2088A RDB Board (DT)
task: ffffffc07c4a6d00 task.stack: ffffffc07c4a8000
PC is at drain_all_pages+0x244/0x25c
LR is at start_isolate_page_range+0x14c/0x1f0
[...]
drain_all_pages+0x244/0x25c
start_isolate_page_range+0x14c/0x1f0
alloc_contig_range+0xec/0x354
cma_alloc+0x100/0x1fc
dma_alloc_from_contiguous+0x3c/0x44
atomic_pool_init+0x7c/0x208
arm64_dma_init+0x44/0x4c
do_one_initcall+0x38/0x128
kernel_init_freeable+0x1a0/0x240
kernel_init+0x10/0xfc
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
Fix this by moving the whole setup_vmstat which is an initcall right now
to init_mm_internals which will be called right after the WQ subsystem
is initialized.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170315164021.28532-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Yang Li <pku.leo@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Yang Li <pku.leo@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Xiaolong Ye <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Initialize the ftrace records immediately after memory initialization, as
that is all that is required for the records to be created. This will allow
for future work to get function tracing started earlier in the boot process.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Create an early_trace_init() function that will initialize the buffers and
allow for ealier use of trace_printk(). This will also allow for future work
to have function tracing start earlier at boot up.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
getrandom(2). It's faster and arguably more secure than cut-down MD5
that we had been using.
Also do some code cleanup.
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Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random
Pull random updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Change get_random_{int,log} to use the CRNG used by /dev/urandom and
getrandom(2). It's faster and arguably more secure than cut-down MD5
that we had been using.
Also do some code cleanup"
* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
random: move random_min_urandom_seed into CONFIG_SYSCTL ifdef block
random: convert get_random_int/long into get_random_u32/u64
random: use chacha20 for get_random_int/long
random: fix comment for unused random_min_urandom_seed
random: remove variable limit
random: remove stale urandom_init_wait
random: remove stale maybe_reseed_primary_crng
But first introduce a trivial header and update usage sites.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
But first update the usage sites with the new header dependency.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/task_stack.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/task_stack.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/task.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/task.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are going to move softlockup APIs out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
<linux/nmi.h> already includes <linux/sched.h>.
Include the <linux/nmi.h> header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull IDR rewrite from Matthew Wilcox:
"The most significant part of the following is the patch to rewrite the
IDR & IDA to be clients of the radix tree. But there's much more,
including an enhancement of the IDA to be significantly more space
efficient, an IDR & IDA test suite, some improvements to the IDR API
(and driver changes to take advantage of those improvements), several
improvements to the radix tree test suite and RCU annotations.
The IDR & IDA rewrite had a good spin in linux-next and Andrew's tree
for most of the last cycle. Coupled with the IDR test suite, I feel
pretty confident that any remaining bugs are quite hard to hit. 0-day
did a great job of watching my git tree and pointing out problems; as
it hit them, I added new test-cases to be sure not to be caught the
same way twice"
Willy goes on to expand a bit on the IDR rewrite rationale:
"The radix tree and the IDR use very similar data structures.
Merging the two codebases lets us share the memory allocation pools,
and results in a net deletion of 500 lines of code. It also opens up
the possibility of exposing more of the features of the radix tree to
users of the IDR (and I have some interesting patches along those
lines waiting for 4.12)
It also shrinks the size of the 'struct idr' from 40 bytes to 24 which
will shrink a fair few data structures that embed an IDR"
* 'idr-4.11' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/linux-dax: (32 commits)
radix tree test suite: Add config option for map shift
idr: Add missing __rcu annotations
radix-tree: Fix __rcu annotations
radix-tree: Add rcu_dereference and rcu_assign_pointer calls
radix tree test suite: Run iteration tests for longer
radix tree test suite: Fix split/join memory leaks
radix tree test suite: Fix leaks in regression2.c
radix tree test suite: Fix leaky tests
radix tree test suite: Enable address sanitizer
radix_tree_iter_resume: Fix out of bounds error
radix-tree: Store a pointer to the root in each node
radix-tree: Chain preallocated nodes through ->parent
radix tree test suite: Dial down verbosity with -v
radix tree test suite: Introduce kmalloc_verbose
idr: Return the deleted entry from idr_remove
radix tree test suite: Build separate binaries for some tests
ida: Use exceptional entries for small IDAs
ida: Move ida_bitmap to a percpu variable
Reimplement IDR and IDA using the radix tree
radix-tree: Add radix_tree_iter_delete
...
This patch makes arch-independent testcases for RODATA. Both x86 and
x86_64 already have testcases for RODATA, But they are arch-specific
because using inline assembly directly.
And cacheflush.h is not a suitable location for rodata-test related
things. Since they were in cacheflush.h, If someone change the state of
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA_TEST, It cause overhead of kernel build.
To solve the above issues, write arch-independent testcases and move it
to shared location.
[jinb.park7@gmail.com: fix config dependency]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170209131625.GA16954@pjb1027-Latitude-E5410
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170129105436.GA9303@pjb1027-Latitude-E5410
Signed-off-by: Jinbum Park <jinb.park7@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Valentin Rothberg <valentinrothberg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 4a9d4b024a ("switch fput to task_work_add") implements a
schedule_work() for completing fput(), but did not guarantee calling
__fput() after unpacking initramfs. Because of this, there is a
possibility that during boot a driver can see ETXTBSY when it tries to
load a binary from initramfs as fput() is still pending on that binary.
This patch makes sure that fput() is completed after unpacking initramfs
and removes the call to flush_delayed_fput() in kernel_init() which
happens very late after unpacking initramfs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170201140540.22051-1-lokeshvutla@ti.com
Signed-off-by: Lokesh Vutla <lokeshvutla@ti.com>
Reported-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
Cc: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Cc: Nishanth Menon <nm@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek:
- Add Petr Mladek, Sergey Senozhatsky as printk maintainers, and Steven
Rostedt as the printk reviewer. This idea came up after the
discussion about printk issues at Kernel Summit. It was formulated
and discussed at lkml[1].
- Extend a lock-less NMI per-cpu buffers idea to handle recursive
printk() calls by Sergey Senozhatsky[2]. It is the first step in
sanitizing printk as discussed at Kernel Summit.
The change allows to see messages that would normally get ignored or
would cause a deadlock.
Also it allows to enable lockdep in printk(). This already paid off.
The testing in linux-next helped to discover two old problems that
were hidden before[3][4].
- Remove unused parameter by Sergey Senozhatsky. Clean up after a past
change.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481798878-31898-1-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
[2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161227141611.940-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
[3] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170215044332.30449-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
[4] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170217015932.11898-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk:
printk: drop call_console_drivers() unused param
printk: convert the rest to printk-safe
printk: remove zap_locks() function
printk: use printk_safe buffers in printk
printk: report lost messages in printk safe/nmi contexts
printk: always use deferred printk when flush printk_safe lines
printk: introduce per-cpu safe_print seq buffer
printk: rename nmi.c and exported api
printk: use vprintk_func in vprintk()
MAINTAINERS: Add printk maintainers
CONFIG_SET_MODULE_RONX to the more sensible CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX and
CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX.
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Merge tag 'rodata-v4.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull rodata updates from Kees Cook:
"This renames the (now inaccurate) DEBUG_RODATA and related
SET_MODULE_RONX configs to the more sensible STRICT_KERNEL_RWX and
STRICT_MODULE_RWX"
* tag 'rodata-v4.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
arch: Rename CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA and CONFIG_DEBUG_MODULE_RONX
arch: Move CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA and CONFIG_SET_MODULE_RONX to be common
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Merge tag 'extable-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux
Pull exception table module split from Paul Gortmaker:
"Final extable.h related changes.
This completes the separation of exception table content from the
module.h header file. This is achieved with the final commit that
removes the one line back compatible change that sourced extable.h
into the module.h file.
The commits are unchanged since January, with the exception of a
couple Acks that came in for the last two commits a bit later. The
changes have been in linux-next for quite some time[1] and have got
widespread arch coverage via toolchains I have and also from
additional ones the kbuild bot has.
Maintaners of the various arch were Cc'd during the postings to
lkml[2] and informed that the intention was to take the remaining arch
specific changes and lump them together with the final two non-arch
specific changes and submit for this merge window.
The ia64 diffstat stands out and probably warrants a mention. In an
earlier review, Al Viro made a valid comment that the original header
separation of content left something to be desired, and that it get
fixed as a part of this change, hence the larger diffstat"
* tag 'extable-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux: (21 commits)
module.h: remove extable.h include now users have migrated
core: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
cris: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
hexagon: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
microblaze: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
unicore32: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
score: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
metag: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
arc: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
nios2: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
sparc: migrate exception table users onto extable.h
openrisc: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
frv: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
sh: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
xtensa: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
mn10300: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
alpha: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
arm: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
m32r: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h
ia64: ensure exception table search users include extable.h
...
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this (fairly busy) cycle were:
- There was a class of scheduler bugs related to forgetting to update
the rq-clock timestamp which can cause weird and hard to debug
problems, so there's a new debug facility for this: which uncovered
a whole lot of bugs which convinced us that we want to keep the
debug facility.
(Peter Zijlstra, Matt Fleming)
- Various cputime related updates: eliminate cputime and use u64
nanoseconds directly, simplify and improve the arch interfaces,
implement delayed accounting more widely, etc. - (Frederic
Weisbecker)
- Move code around for better structure plus cleanups (Ingo Molnar)
- Move IO schedule accounting deeper into the scheduler plus related
changes to improve the situation (Tejun Heo)
- ... plus a round of sched/rt and sched/deadline fixes, plus other
fixes, updats and cleanups"
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (85 commits)
sched/core: Remove unlikely() annotation from sched_move_task()
sched/autogroup: Rename auto_group.[ch] to autogroup.[ch]
sched/topology: Split out scheduler topology code from core.c into topology.c
sched/core: Remove unnecessary #include headers
sched/rq_clock: Consolidate the ordering of the rq_clock methods
delayacct: Include <uapi/linux/taskstats.h>
sched/core: Clean up comments
sched/rt: Show the 'sched_rr_timeslice' SCHED_RR timeslice tuning knob in milliseconds
sched/clock: Add dummy clear_sched_clock_stable() stub function
sched/cputime: Remove generic asm headers
sched/cputime: Remove unused nsec_to_cputime()
s390, sched/cputime: Remove unused cputime definitions
powerpc, sched/cputime: Remove unused cputime definitions
s390, sched/cputime: Make arch_cpu_idle_time() to return nsecs
ia64, sched/cputime: Remove unused cputime definitions
ia64: Convert vtime to use nsec units directly
ia64, sched/cputime: Move the nsecs based cputime headers to the last arch using it
sched/cputime: Remove jiffies based cputime
sched/cputime, vtime: Return nsecs instead of cputime_t to account
sched/cputime: Complete nsec conversion of tick based accounting
...
The IDR is very similar to the radix tree. It has some functionality that
the radix tree did not have (alloc next free, cyclic allocation, a
callback-based for_each, destroy tree), which is readily implementable on
top of the radix tree. A few small changes were needed in order to use a
tag to represent nodes with free space below them. More extensive
changes were needed to support storing NULL as a valid entry in an IDR.
Plain radix trees still interpret NULL as a not-present entry.
The IDA is reimplemented as a client of the newly enhanced radix tree. As
in the current implementation, it uses a bitmap at the last level of the
tree.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
These files were including module.h for exception table related
functions. We've now separated that content out into its own file
"extable.h" so now move over to that and where possible, avoid all
the extra header content in module.h that we don't really need to
compile these non-modular files.
Note:
init/main.c still needs module.h for __init_or_module
kernel/extable.c still needs module.h for is_module_text_address
...and so we don't get the benefit of removing module.h from the cpp
feed for these two files, unlike the almost universal 1:1 exchange
of module.h for extable.h we were able to do in the arch dirs.
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
A preparation patch for printk_safe work. No functional change.
- rename nmi.c to print_safe.c
- add `printk_safe' prefix to some (which used both by printk-safe
and printk-nmi) of the exported functions.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161227141611.940-3-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Both of these options are poorly named. The features they provide are
necessary for system security and should not be considered debug only.
Change the names to CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX and
CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX to better describe what these options do.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Before invoking the arch specific handler, efi_mem_reserve() reserves
the given memory region through memblock.
efi_bgrt_init() will call efi_mem_reserve() after mm_init(), at which
time memblock is dead and should not be used anymore.
The EFI BGRT code depends on ACPI initialization to get the BGRT ACPI
table, so move parsing of the BGRT table to ACPI early boot code to
ensure that efi_mem_reserve() in EFI BGRT code still use memblock safely.
Tested-by: Bhupesh Sharma <bhsharma@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1485868902-20401-9-git-send-email-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Now that our crng uses chacha20, we can rely on its speedy
characteristics for replacing MD5, while simultaneously achieving a
higher security guarantee. Before the idea was to use these functions if
you wanted random integers that aren't stupidly insecure but aren't
necessarily secure either, a vague gray zone, that hopefully was "good
enough" for its users. With chacha20, we can strengthen this claim,
since either we're using an rdrand-like instruction, or we're using the
same crng as /dev/urandom. And it's faster than what was before.
We could have chosen to replace this with a SipHash-derived function,
which might be slightly faster, but at the cost of having yet another
RNG construction in the kernel. By moving to chacha20, we have a single
RNG to analyze and verify, and we also already get good performance
improvements on all platforms.
Implementation-wise, rather than use a generic buffer for both
get_random_int/long and memcpy based on the size needs, we use a
specific buffer for 32-bit reads and for 64-bit reads. This way, we're
guaranteed to always have aligned accesses on all platforms. While
slightly more verbose in C, the assembly this generates is a lot
simpler than otherwise.
Finally, on 32-bit platforms where longs and ints are the same size,
we simply alias get_random_int to get_random_long.
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Suggested-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Currently we switch to the stable sched_clock if we guess the TSC is
usable, and then switch back to the unstable path if it turns out TSC
isn't stable during SMP bringup after all.
Delay switching to the stable path until after SMP bringup is
complete. This way we'll avoid switching during the time we detect the
worst of the TSC offences.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Add a new page flag, PageWaiters, to indicate the page waitqueue has
tasks waiting. This can be tested rather than testing waitqueue_active
which requires another cacheline load.
This bit is always set when the page has tasks on page_waitqueue(page),
and is set and cleared under the waitqueue lock. It may be set when
there are no tasks on the waitqueue, which will cause a harmless extra
wakeup check that will clears the bit.
The generic bit-waitqueue infrastructure is no longer used for pages.
Instead, waitqueues are used directly with a custom key type. The
generic code was not flexible enough to have PageWaiters manipulation
under the waitqueue lock (which simplifies concurrency).
This improves the performance of page lock intensive microbenchmarks by
2-3%.
Putting two bits in the same word opens the opportunity to remove the
memory barrier between clearing the lock bit and testing the waiters
bit, after some work on the arch primitives (e.g., ensuring memory
operand widths match and cover both bits).
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Summary of modules changes for the 4.10 merge window:
* The rodata= cmdline parameter has been extended to additionally
apply to module mappings
* Fix a hard to hit race between module loader error/clean up
handling and ftrace registration
* Some code cleanups, notably panic.c and modules code use a
unified taint_flags table now. This is much cleaner than
duplicating the taint flag code in modules.c
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
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Merge tag 'modules-for-v4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux
Pull modules updates from Jessica Yu:
"Summary of modules changes for the 4.10 merge window:
- The rodata= cmdline parameter has been extended to additionally
apply to module mappings
- Fix a hard to hit race between module loader error/clean up
handling and ftrace registration
- Some code cleanups, notably panic.c and modules code use a unified
taint_flags table now. This is much cleaner than duplicating the
taint flag code in modules.c"
* tag 'modules-for-v4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux:
module: fix DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX typo
module: extend 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter to module mappings
module: Fix a comment above strong_try_module_get()
module: When modifying a module's text ignore modules which are going away too
module: Ensure a module's state is set accordingly during module coming cleanup code
module: remove trailing whitespace
taint/module: Clean up global and module taint flags handling
modpost: free allocated memory
Pull workqueue updates from Tejun Heo:
"Mostly patches to initialize workqueue subsystem earlier and get rid
of keventd_up().
The patches were headed for the last merge cycle but got delayed due
to a bug found late minute, which is fixed now.
Also, to help debugging, destroy_workqueue() is more chatty now on a
sanity check failure."
* 'for-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: move wq_numa_init() to workqueue_init()
workqueue: remove keventd_up()
debugobj, workqueue: remove keventd_up() usage
slab, workqueue: remove keventd_up() usage
power, workqueue: remove keventd_up() usage
tty, workqueue: remove keventd_up() usage
mce, workqueue: remove keventd_up() usage
workqueue: make workqueue available early during boot
workqueue: dump workqueue state on sanity check failures in destroy_workqueue()
It's another busy cycle for the docs tree, as the sphinx conversion
continues. Highlights include:
- Further work on PDF output, which remains a bit of a pain but should be
more solid now.
- Five more DocBook template files converted to Sphinx. Only 27 to go...
Lots of plain-text files have also been converted and integrated.
- Images in binary formats have been replaced with more source-friendly
versions.
- Various bits of organizational work, including the renaming of various
files discussed at the kernel summit.
- New documentation for the device_link mechanism.
...and, of course, lots of typo fixes and small updates.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.10' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation update from Jonathan Corbet:
"These are the documentation changes for 4.10.
It's another busy cycle for the docs tree, as the sphinx conversion
continues. Highlights include:
- Further work on PDF output, which remains a bit of a pain but
should be more solid now.
- Five more DocBook template files converted to Sphinx. Only 27 to
go... Lots of plain-text files have also been converted and
integrated.
- Images in binary formats have been replaced with more
source-friendly versions.
- Various bits of organizational work, including the renaming of
various files discussed at the kernel summit.
- New documentation for the device_link mechanism.
... and, of course, lots of typo fixes and small updates"
* tag 'docs-4.10' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (193 commits)
dma-buf: Extract dma-buf.rst
Update Documentation/00-INDEX
docs: 00-INDEX: document directories/files with no docs
docs: 00-INDEX: remove non-existing entries
docs: 00-INDEX: add missing entries for documentation files/dirs
docs: 00-INDEX: consolidate process/ and admin-guide/ description
scripts: add a script to check if Documentation/00-INDEX is sane
Docs: change sh -> awk in REPORTING-BUGS
Documentation/core-api/device_link: Add initial documentation
core-api: remove an unexpected unident
ppc/idle: Add documentation for powersave=off
Doc: Correct typo, "Introdution" => "Introduction"
Documentation/atomic_ops.txt: convert to ReST markup
Documentation/local_ops.txt: convert to ReST markup
Documentation/assoc_array.txt: convert to ReST markup
docs-rst: parse-headers.pl: cleanup the documentation
docs-rst: fix media cleandocs target
docs-rst: media/Makefile: reorganize the rules
docs-rst: media: build SVG from graphviz files
docs-rst: replace bayer.png by a SVG image
...
AMD CPUs affected by the E400 erratum suffer from the issue that the
local APIC timer stops when the CPU goes into C1E. Unfortunately there
is no way to detect the affected CPUs on early boot. It's only possible
to determine the range of possibly affected CPUs from the family/model
range.
The actual decision whether to enter C1E and thus cause the bug is done
by the firmware and we need to detect that case late, after ACPI has
been initialized.
The current solution is to check in the idle routine whether the CPU is
affected by reading the MSR_K8_INT_PENDING_MSG MSR and checking for the
K8_INTP_C1E_ACTIVE_MASK bits. If one of the bits is set then the CPU is
affected and the system is switched into forced broadcast mode.
This is ineffective and on non-affected CPUs every entry to idle does
the extra RDMSR.
After doing some research it turns out that the bits are visible on the
boot CPU right after the ACPI subsystem is initialized in the early
boot process. So instead of polling for the bits in the idle loop, add
a detection function after acpi_subsystem_init() and check for the MSR
bits. If set, then the X86_BUG_AMD_APIC_C1E is set on the boot CPU and
the TSC is marked unstable when X86_FEATURE_NONSTOP_TSC is not set as it
will stop in C1E state as well.
The switch to broadcast mode cannot be done at this point because the
boot CPU still uses HPET as a clockevent device and the local APIC timer
is not yet calibrated and installed. The switch to broadcast mode on the
affected CPUs needs to be done when the local APIC timer is actually set
up.
This allows to cleanup the amd_e400_idle() function in the next step.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161209182912.2726-4-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The newly added 'rodata_enabled' global variable is protected by
the wrong #ifdef, leading to a link error when CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX
is turned on:
kernel/module.o: In function `disable_ro_nx':
module.c:(.text.unlikely.disable_ro_nx+0x88): undefined reference to `rodata_enabled'
kernel/module.o: In function `module_disable_ro':
module.c:(.text.module_disable_ro+0x8c): undefined reference to `rodata_enabled'
kernel/module.o: In function `module_enable_ro':
module.c:(.text.module_enable_ro+0xb0): undefined reference to `rodata_enabled'
CONFIG_SET_MODULE_RONX does not exist, so use the correct one instead.
Fixes: 39290b389e ("module: extend 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter to module mappings")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
The current "rodata=off" parameter disables read-only kernel mappings
under CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA:
commit d2aa1acad2 ("mm/init: Add 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter
to disable read-only kernel mappings")
This patch is a logical extension to module mappings ie. read-only mappings
at module loading can be disabled even if CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX
(mainly for debug use). Please note, however, that it only affects RO/RW
permissions, keeping NX set.
This is the first step to make CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX mandatory
(always-on) in the future as CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA on x86 and arm64.
Suggested-by: and Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161114061505.15238-1-takahiro.akashi@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
The previous patch renamed several files that are cross-referenced
along the Kernel documentation. Adjust the links to point to
the right places.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.
The need for very-early boot entropy tends to be very architecture or
system design specific, so this plugin is more suited for those sorts
of special cases. The existing kernel RNG already attempts to extract
entropy from reliable runtime variation, but this plugin takes the idea to
a logical extreme by permuting a global variable based on any variation
in code execution (e.g. a different value (and permutation function)
is used to permute the global based on loop count, case statement,
if/then/else branching, etc).
To do this, the plugin starts by inserting a local variable in every
marked function. The plugin then adds logic so that the value of this
variable is modified by randomly chosen operations (add, xor and rol) and
random values (gcc generates separate static values for each location at
compile time and also injects the stack pointer at runtime). The resulting
value depends on the control flow path (e.g., loops and branches taken).
Before the function returns, the plugin mixes this local variable into
the latent_entropy global variable. The value of this global variable
is added to the kernel entropy pool in do_one_initcall() and _do_fork(),
though it does not credit any bytes of entropy to the pool; the contents
of the global are just used to mix the pool.
Additionally, the plugin can pre-initialize arrays with build-time
random contents, so that two different kernel builds running on identical
hardware will not have the same starting values.
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message and code comments]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Workqueue is currently initialized in an early init call; however,
there are cases where early boot code has to be split and reordered to
come after workqueue initialization or the same code path which makes
use of workqueues is used both before workqueue initailization and
after. The latter cases have to gate workqueue usages with
keventd_up() tests, which is nasty and easy to get wrong.
Workqueue usages have become widespread and it'd be a lot more
convenient if it can be used very early from boot. This patch splits
workqueue initialization into two steps. workqueue_init_early() which
sets up the basic data structures so that workqueues can be created
and work items queued, and workqueue_init() which actually brings up
workqueues online and starts executing queued work items. The former
step can be done very early during boot once memory allocation,
cpumasks and idr are initialized. The latter right after kthreads
become available.
This allows work item queueing and canceling from very early boot
which is what most of these use cases want.
* As systemd_wq being initialized doesn't indicate that workqueue is
fully online anymore, update keventd_up() to test wq_online instead.
The follow-up patches will get rid of all its usages and the
function itself.
* Flushing doesn't make sense before workqueue is fully initialized.
The flush functions trigger WARN and return immediately before fully
online.
* Work items are never in-flight before fully online. Canceling can
always succeed by skipping the flush step.
* Some code paths can no longer assume to be called with irq enabled
as irq is disabled during early boot. Use irqsave/restore
operations instead.
v2: Watchdog init, which requires timer to be running, moved from
workqueue_init_early() to workqueue_init().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFx0vPuMuxn00rBSM192n-Du5uxy+4AvKa0SBSOVJeuCGg@mail.gmail.com
sprint_symbol_no_offset() returns the string "function_name
[module_name]" where [module_name] is not printed for built in kernel
functions. This means that the blacklisting code will fail when
comparing module function names with the extended string.
This patch adds the functionality to block a module's module_init()
function by finding the space in the string and truncating the
comparison to that length.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466124387-20446-1-git-send-email-prarit@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There was only one use of __initdata_refok and __exit_refok
__init_refok was used 46 times against 82 for __ref.
Those definitions are obsolete since commit 312b1485fb ("Introduce new
section reference annotations tags: __ref, __refdata, __refconst")
This patch removes the following compatibility definitions and replaces
them treewide.
/* compatibility defines */
#define __init_refok __ref
#define __initdata_refok __refdata
#define __exit_refok __ref
I can also provide separate patches if necessary.
(One patch per tree and check in 1 month or 2 to remove old definitions)
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466796271-3043-1-git-send-email-fabf@skynet.be
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"Two weeks worth of fixes here"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (41 commits)
init/main.c: fix initcall_blacklisted on ia64, ppc64 and parisc64
autofs: don't get stuck in a loop if vfs_write() returns an error
mm/page_owner: avoid null pointer dereference
tools/vm/slabinfo: fix spelling mistake: "Ocurrences" -> "Occurrences"
fs/nilfs2: fix potential underflow in call to crc32_le
oom, suspend: fix oom_reaper vs. oom_killer_disable race
ocfs2: disable BUG assertions in reading blocks
mm, compaction: abort free scanner if split fails
mm: prevent KASAN false positives in kmemleak
mm/hugetlb: clear compound_mapcount when freeing gigantic pages
mm/swap.c: flush lru pvecs on compound page arrival
memcg: css_alloc should return an ERR_PTR value on error
memcg: mem_cgroup_migrate() may be called with irq disabled
hugetlb: fix nr_pmds accounting with shared page tables
Revert "mm: disable fault around on emulated access bit architecture"
Revert "mm: make faultaround produce old ptes"
mailmap: add Boris Brezillon's email
mailmap: add Antoine Tenart's email
mm, sl[au]b: add __GFP_ATOMIC to the GFP reclaim mask
mm: mempool: kasan: don't poot mempool objects in quarantine
...
When I replaced kasprintf("%pf") with a direct call to
sprint_symbol_no_offset I must have broken the initcall blacklisting
feature on the arches where dereference_function_descriptor() is
non-trivial.
Fixes: c8cdd2be21 (init/main.c: simplify initcall_blacklisted())
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466027283-4065-1-git-send-email-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We've had the thread info allocated together with the thread stack for
most architectures for a long time (since the thread_info was split off
from the task struct), but that is about to change.
But the patches that move the thread info to be off-stack (and a part of
the task struct instead) made it clear how confused the allocator and
freeing functions are.
Because the common case was that we share an allocation with the thread
stack and the thread_info, the two pointers were identical. That
identity then meant that we would have things like
ti = alloc_thread_info_node(tsk, node);
...
tsk->stack = ti;
which certainly _worked_ (since stack and thread_info have the same
value), but is rather confusing: why are we assigning a thread_info to
the stack? And if we move the thread_info away, the "confusing" code
just gets to be entirely bogus.
So remove all this confusion, and make it clear that we are doing the
stack allocation by renaming and clarifying the function names to be
about the stack. The fact that the thread_info then shares the
allocation is an implementation detail, and not really about the
allocation itself.
This is a pure renaming and type fix: we pass in the same pointer, it's
just that we clarify what the pointer means.
The ia64 code that actually only has one single allocation (for all of
task_struct, thread_info and kernel thread stack) now looks a bit odd,
but since "tsk->stack" is actually not even used there, that oddity
doesn't matter. It would be a separate thing to clean that up, I
intentionally left the ia64 changes as a pure brute-force renaming and
type change.
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
page_ext_init() checks suitable pages with pfn_to_nid(), but
pfn_to_nid() depends on memmap which will not be setup fully until
page_alloc_init_late() is done. Use early_pfn_to_nid() instead of
pfn_to_nid() so that page extension could be still used early even
though CONFIG_ DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT is enabled and catch early page
allocation call sites.
Suggested by Joonsoo Kim [1], this fix basically undoes the change
introduced by commit b8f1a75d61 ("mm: call page_ext_init() after all
struct pages are initialized") and fixes the same problem with a better
approach.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAAmzW4OUmyPwQjvd7QUfc6W1Aic__TyAuH80MLRZNMxKy0-wPQ@mail.gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464198689-23458-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using kasprintf to get the function name makes us look up the name
twice, along with all the vsnprintf overhead of parsing the format
string etc. It also means there is an allocation failure case to deal
with. Since symbol_string in vsprintf.c would anyway allocate an array
of size KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN on the stack, that might as well be done up
here.
Moreover, since this is a debug feature and the blacklisted_initcalls
list is usually empty, we might as well test that and thus avoid looking
up the symbol name even once in the common case.
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
printk() takes some locks and could not be used a safe way in NMI
context.
The chance of a deadlock is real especially when printing stacks from
all CPUs. This particular problem has been addressed on x86 by the
commit a9edc88093 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all
CPUs").
The patchset brings two big advantages. First, it makes the NMI
backtraces safe on all architectures for free. Second, it makes all NMI
messages almost safe on all architectures (the temporary buffer is
limited. We still should keep the number of messages in NMI context at
minimum).
Note that there already are several messages printed in NMI context:
WARN_ON(in_nmi()), BUG_ON(in_nmi()), anything being printed out from MCE
handlers. These are not easy to avoid.
This patch reuses most of the code and makes it generic. It is useful
for all messages and architectures that support NMI.
The alternative printk_func is set when entering and is reseted when
leaving NMI context. It queues IRQ work to copy the messages into the
main ring buffer in a safe context.
__printk_nmi_flush() copies all available messages and reset the buffer.
Then we could use a simple cmpxchg operations to get synchronized with
writers. There is also used a spinlock to get synchronized with other
flushers.
We do not longer use seq_buf because it depends on external lock. It
would be hard to make all supported operations safe for a lockless use.
It would be confusing and error prone to make only some operations safe.
The code is put into separate printk/nmi.c as suggested by Steven
Rostedt. It needs a per-CPU buffer and is compiled only on
architectures that call nmi_enter(). This is achieved by the new
HAVE_NMI Kconfig flag.
The are MN10300 and Xtensa architectures. We need to clean up NMI
handling there first. Let's do it separately.
The patch is heavily based on the draft from Peter Zijlstra, see
https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/10/327
[arnd@arndb.de: printk-nmi: use %zu format string for size_t]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: min_t->min - all types are size_t here]
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk> [arm part]
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- some misc things
- ofs2 updates
- about half of MM
- checkpatch updates
- autofs4 update
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (120 commits)
autofs4: fix string.h include in auto_dev-ioctl.h
autofs4: use pr_xxx() macros directly for logging
autofs4: change log print macros to not insert newline
autofs4: make autofs log prints consistent
autofs4: fix some white space errors
autofs4: fix invalid ioctl return in autofs4_root_ioctl_unlocked()
autofs4: fix coding style line length in autofs4_wait()
autofs4: fix coding style problem in autofs4_get_set_timeout()
autofs4: coding style fixes
autofs: show pipe inode in mount options
kallsyms: add support for relative offsets in kallsyms address table
kallsyms: don't overload absolute symbol type for percpu symbols
x86: kallsyms: disable absolute percpu symbols on !SMP
checkpatch: fix another left brace warning
checkpatch: improve UNSPECIFIED_INT test for bare signed/unsigned uses
checkpatch: warn on bare unsigned or signed declarations without int
checkpatch: exclude asm volatile from complex macro check
mm: memcontrol: drop unnecessary lru locking from mem_cgroup_migrate()
mm: migrate: consolidate mem_cgroup_migrate() calls
mm/compaction: speed up pageblock_pfn_to_page() when zone is contiguous
...
Use list_for_each_entry() instead of list_for_each() to simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull cpu hotplug updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is the first part of the ongoing cpu hotplug rework:
- Initial implementation of the state machine
- Runs all online and prepare down callbacks on the plugged cpu and
not on some random processor
- Replaces busy loop waiting with completions
- Adds tracepoints so the states can be followed"
More detailed commentary on this work from an earlier email:
"What's wrong with the current cpu hotplug infrastructure?
- Asymmetry
The hotplug notifier mechanism is asymmetric versus the bringup and
teardown. This is mostly caused by the notifier mechanism.
- Largely undocumented dependencies
While some notifiers use explicitely defined notifier priorities,
we have quite some notifiers which use numerical priorities to
express dependencies without any documentation why.
- Control processor driven
Most of the bringup/teardown of a cpu is driven by a control
processor. While it is understandable, that preperatory steps,
like idle thread creation, memory allocation for and initialization
of essential facilities needs to be done before a cpu can boot,
there is no reason why everything else must run on a control
processor. Before this patch series, bringup looks like this:
Control CPU Booting CPU
do preparatory steps
kick cpu into life
do low level init
sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu
bring the rest up
- All or nothing approach
There is no way to do partial bringups. That's something which is
really desired because we waste e.g. at boot substantial amount of
time just busy waiting that the cpu comes to life. That's stupid
as we could very well do preparatory steps and the initial IPI for
other cpus and then go back and do the necessary low level
synchronization with the freshly booted cpu.
- Minimal debuggability
Due to the notifier based design, it's impossible to switch between
two stages of the bringup/teardown back and forth in order to test
the correctness. So in many hotplug notifiers the cancel
mechanisms are either not existant or completely untested.
- Notifier [un]registering is tedious
To [un]register notifiers we need to protect against hotplug at
every callsite. There is no mechanism that bringup/teardown
callbacks are issued on the online cpus, so every caller needs to
do it itself. That also includes error rollback.
What's the new design?
The base of the new design is a symmetric state machine, where both
the control processor and the booting/dying cpu execute a well
defined set of states. Each state is symmetric in the end, except
for some well defined exceptions, and the bringup/teardown can be
stopped and reversed at almost all states.
So the bringup of a cpu will look like this in the future:
Control CPU Booting CPU
do preparatory steps
kick cpu into life
do low level init
sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu
bring itself up
The synchronization step does not require the control cpu to wait.
That mechanism can be done asynchronously via a worker or some
other mechanism.
The teardown can be made very similar, so that the dying cpu cleans
up and brings itself down. Cleanups which need to be done after
the cpu is gone, can be scheduled asynchronously as well.
There is a long way to this, as we need to refactor the notion when a
cpu is available. Today we set the cpu online right after it comes
out of the low level bringup, which is not really correct.
The proper mechanism is to set it to available, i.e. cpu local
threads, like softirqd, hotplug thread etc. can be scheduled on that
cpu, and once it finished all booting steps, it's set to online, so
general workloads can be scheduled on it. The reverse happens on
teardown. First thing to do is to forbid scheduling of general
workloads, then teardown all the per cpu resources and finally shut it
off completely.
This patch series implements the basic infrastructure for this at the
core level. This includes the following:
- Basic state machine implementation with well defined states, so
ordering and prioritization can be expressed.
- Interfaces to [un]register state callbacks
This invokes the bringup/teardown callback on all online cpus with
the proper protection in place and [un]installs the callbacks in
the state machine array.
For callbacks which have no particular ordering requirement we have
a dynamic state space, so that drivers don't have to register an
explicit hotplug state.
If a callback fails, the code automatically does a rollback to the
previous state.
- Sysfs interface to drive the state machine to a particular step.
This is only partially functional today. Full functionality and
therefor testability will be achieved once we converted all
existing hotplug notifiers over to the new scheme.
- Run all CPU_ONLINE/DOWN_PREPARE notifiers on the booting/dying
processor:
Control CPU Booting CPU
do preparatory steps
kick cpu into life
do low level init
sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu
wait for boot
bring itself up
Signal completion to control cpu
In a previous step of this work we've done a full tree mechanical
conversion of all hotplug notifiers to the new scheme. The balance
is a net removal of about 4000 lines of code.
This is not included in this series, as we decided to take a
different approach. Instead of mechanically converting everything
over, we will do a proper overhaul of the usage sites one by one so
they nicely fit into the symmetric callback scheme.
I decided to do that after I looked at the ugliness of some of the
converted sites and figured out that their hotplug mechanism is
completely buggered anyway. So there is no point to do a
mechanical conversion first as we need to go through the usage
sites one by one again in order to achieve a full symmetric and
testable behaviour"
* 'smp-hotplug-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits)
cpu/hotplug: Document states better
cpu/hotplug: Fix smpboot thread ordering
cpu/hotplug: Remove redundant state check
cpu/hotplug: Plug death reporting race
rcu: Make CPU_DYING_IDLE an explicit call
cpu/hotplug: Make wait for dead cpu completion based
cpu/hotplug: Let upcoming cpu bring itself fully up
arch/hotplug: Call into idle with a proper state
cpu/hotplug: Move online calls to hotplugged cpu
cpu/hotplug: Create hotplug threads
cpu/hotplug: Split out the state walk into functions
cpu/hotplug: Unpark smpboot threads from the state machine
cpu/hotplug: Move scheduler cpu_online notifier to hotplug core
cpu/hotplug: Implement setup/removal interface
cpu/hotplug: Make target state writeable
cpu/hotplug: Add sysfs state interface
cpu/hotplug: Hand in target state to _cpu_up/down
cpu/hotplug: Convert the hotplugged cpu work to a state machine
cpu/hotplug: Convert to a state machine for the control processor
cpu/hotplug: Add tracepoints
...
Pull read-only kernel memory updates from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree adds two (security related) enhancements to the kernel's
handling of read-only kernel memory:
- extend read-only kernel memory to a new class of formerly writable
kernel data: 'post-init read-only memory' via the __ro_after_init
attribute, and mark the ARM and x86 vDSO as such read-only memory.
This kind of attribute can be used for data that requires a once
per bootup initialization sequence, but is otherwise never modified
after that point.
This feature was based on the work by PaX Team and Brad Spengler.
(by Kees Cook, the ARM vDSO bits by David Brown.)
- make CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA always enabled on x86 and remove the
Kconfig option. This simplifies the kernel and also signals that
read-only memory is the default model and a first-class citizen.
(Kees Cook)"
* 'mm-readonly-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
ARM/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init
x86/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init
lkdtm: Verify that '__ro_after_init' works correctly
arch: Introduce post-init read-only memory
x86/mm: Always enable CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA and remove the Kconfig option
mm/init: Add 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter to disable read-only kernel mappings
asm-generic: Consolidate mark_rodata_ro()
Handle the smpboot threads in the state machine.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa@mit.edu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160226182341.295777684@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Move the split out steps into a callback array and let the cpu_up/down
code iterate through the array functions. For now most of the
callbacks are asymmetric to resemble the current hotplug maze.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa@mit.edu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160226182340.671816690@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
It may be useful to debug writes to the readonly sections of memory,
so provide a cmdline "rodata=off" to allow for this. This can be
expanded in the future to support "log" and "write" modes, but that
will need to be architecture-specific.
This also makes KDB software breakpoints more usable, as read-only
mappings can now be disabled on any kernel.
Suggested-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: linux-arch <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455748879-21872-3-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Lockdep is initialized at compile time now. Get rid of lockdep_init().
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Krinkin <krinkin.m.u@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: mm-commits@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Make obsolete_checksetup() return bool due to this particular function
only using either one or zero as its return value.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This commit adds the invocation of rcu_end_inkernel_boot() just before
init is invoked. This allows the CONFIG_RCU_EXPEDITE_BOOT Kconfig
option to do something useful and prepares for the upcoming
rcupdate.rcu_normal_after_boot kernel parameter.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
We need to launch the usermodehelper kernel threads with the widest
affinity and this is partly why we use khelper. This workqueue has
unbound properties and thus a wide affinity inherited by all its children.
Now khelper also has special properties that we aren't much interested in:
ordered and singlethread. There is really no need about ordering as all
we do is creating kernel threads. This can be done concurrently. And
singlethread is a useless limitation as well.
The workqueue engine already proposes generic unbound workqueues that
don't share these useless properties and handle well parallel jobs.
The only worrysome specific is their affinity to the node of the current
CPU. It's fine for creating the usermodehelper kernel threads but those
inherit this affinity for longer jobs such as requesting modules.
This patch proposes to use these node affine unbound workqueues assuming
that a node is sufficient to handle several parallel usermodehelper
requests.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dave Hansen reported the following;
My laptop has been behaving strangely with 4.2-rc2. Once I log
in to my X session, I start getting all kinds of strange errors
from applications and see this in my dmesg:
VFS: file-max limit 8192 reached
The problem is that the file-max is calculated before memory is fully
initialised and miscalculates how much memory the kernel is using. This
patch recalculates file-max after deferred memory initialisation. Note
that using memory hotplug infrastructure would not have avoided this
problem as the value is not recalculated after memory hot-add.
4.1: files_stat.max_files = 6582781
4.2-rc2: files_stat.max_files = 8192
4.2-rc2 patched: files_stat.max_files = 6562467
Small differences with the patch applied and 4.1 but not enough to matter.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Alex Ng <alexng@microsoft.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Waiman Long reported that 24TB machines hit OOM during basic setup when
struct page initialisation was deferred. One approach is to initialise
memory on demand but it interferes with page allocator paths. This patch
creates dedicated threads to initialise memory before basic setup. It
then blocks on a rw_semaphore until completion as a wait_queue and counter
is overkill. This may be slower to boot but it's simplier overall and
also gets rid of a section mangling which existed so kswapd could do the
initialisation.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: include rwsem.h, use DECLARE_RWSEM, fix comment, remove unneeded cast]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com
Cc: Nathan Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Here is the driver core / firmware changes for 4.2-rc1.
A number of small changes all over the place in the driver core, and in
the firmware subsystem. Nothing really major, full details in the
shortlog. Some of it is a bit of churn, given that the platform driver
probing changes was found to not work well, so they were reverted.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported
issues.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'driver-core-4.2-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core
Pull driver core updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the driver core / firmware changes for 4.2-rc1.
A number of small changes all over the place in the driver core, and
in the firmware subsystem. Nothing really major, full details in the
shortlog. Some of it is a bit of churn, given that the platform
driver probing changes was found to not work well, so they were
reverted.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported
issues"
* tag 'driver-core-4.2-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (31 commits)
Revert "base/platform: Only insert MEM and IO resources"
Revert "base/platform: Continue on insert_resource() error"
Revert "of/platform: Use platform_device interface"
Revert "base/platform: Remove code duplication"
firmware: add missing kfree for work on async call
fs: sysfs: don't pass count == 0 to bin file readers
base:dd - Fix for typo in comment to function driver_deferred_probe_trigger().
base/platform: Remove code duplication
of/platform: Use platform_device interface
base/platform: Continue on insert_resource() error
base/platform: Only insert MEM and IO resources
firmware: use const for remaining firmware names
firmware: fix possible use after free on name on asynchronous request
firmware: check for file truncation on direct firmware loading
firmware: fix __getname() missing failure check
drivers: of/base: move of_init to driver_init
drivers/base: cacheinfo: fix annoying typo when DT nodes are absent
sysfs: disambiguate between "error code" and "failure" in comments
driver-core: fix build for !CONFIG_MODULES
driver-core: make __device_attach() static
...
Commit 73f7d1ca32 "ACPI / init: Run acpi_early_init() before
timekeeping_init()" moved the ACPI subsystem initialization,
including the ACPI mode enabling, to an earlier point in the
initialization sequence, to allow the timekeeping subsystem
use ACPI early. Unfortunately, that resulted in boot regressions
on some systems and the early ACPI initialization was moved toward
its original position in the kernel initialization code by commit
c4e1acbb35 "ACPI / init: Invoke early ACPI initialization later".
However, that turns out to be insufficient, as boot is still broken
on the Tyan S8812 mainboard.
To fix that issue, split the ACPI early initialization code into
two pieces so the majority of it still located in acpi_early_init()
and the part switching over the platform into the ACPI mode goes into
a new function, acpi_subsystem_init(), executed at the original early
ACPI initialization spot.
That fixes the Tyan S8812 boot problem, but still allows ACPI
tables to be loaded earlier which is useful to the EFI code in
efi_enter_virtual_mode().
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97141
Fixes: 73f7d1ca32 "ACPI / init: Run acpi_early_init() before timekeeping_init()"
Reported-and-tested-by: Marius Tolzmann <tolzmann@molgen.mpg.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Lee, Chun-Yi <jlee@suse.com>
PAGE_SIZE is not guaranteed to be equal to or less than 8 times the
THREAD_SIZE.
E.g. architecture hexagon may have page size 1M and thread size 4096.
This would lead to a division by zero in the calculation of max_threads.
With this patch the buggy code is moved to a separate function
set_max_threads. The error is not fixed.
After fixing the problem in a separate patch the new function can be
reused to adjust max_threads after adding or removing memory.
Argument mempages of function fork_init() is removed as totalram_pages is
an exported symbol.
The creation of separate patches for refactoring to a new function and for
fixing the logic was suggested by Ingo Molnar.
Signed-off-by: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first patchbomb from Andrew Morton:
- arch/sh updates
- ocfs2 updates
- kernel/watchdog feature
- about half of mm/
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (122 commits)
Documentation: update arch list in the 'memtest' entry
Kconfig: memtest: update number of test patterns up to 17
arm: add support for memtest
arm64: add support for memtest
memtest: use phys_addr_t for physical addresses
mm: move memtest under mm
mm, hugetlb: abort __get_user_pages if current has been oom killed
mm, mempool: do not allow atomic resizing
memcg: print cgroup information when system panics due to panic_on_oom
mm: numa: remove migrate_ratelimited
mm: fold arch_randomize_brk into ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
mm: split ET_DYN ASLR from mmap ASLR
s390: redefine randomize_et_dyn for ELF_ET_DYN_BASE
mm: expose arch_mmap_rnd when available
s390: standardize mmap_rnd() usage
powerpc: standardize mmap_rnd() usage
mips: extract logic for mmap_rnd()
arm64: standardize mmap_rnd() usage
x86: standardize mmap_rnd() usage
arm: factor out mmap ASLR into mmap_rnd
...
Add ioremap_pud_enabled() and ioremap_pmd_enabled(), which return 1 when
I/O mappings with pud/pmd are enabled on the kernel.
ioremap_huge_init() calls arch_ioremap_pud_supported() and
arch_ioremap_pmd_supported() to initialize the capabilities at boot-time.
A new kernel option "nohugeiomap" is also added, so that user can disable
the huge I/O map capabilities when necessary.
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Robert Elliott <Elliott@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull RCU changes from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- changes permitting use of call_rcu() and friends very early in
boot, for example, before rcu_init() is invoked.
- add in-kernel API to enable and disable expediting of normal RCU
grace periods.
- improve RCU's handling of (hotplug-) outgoing CPUs.
- NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE fixes.
- tiny-RCU updates to make it more tiny.
- documentation updates.
- miscellaneous fixes"
* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (58 commits)
cpu: Provide smpboot_thread_init() on !CONFIG_SMP kernels as well
cpu: Defer smpboot kthread unparking until CPU known to scheduler
rcu: Associate quiescent-state reports with grace period
rcu: Yet another fix for preemption and CPU hotplug
rcu: Add diagnostics to grace-period cleanup
rcutorture: Default to grace-period-initialization delays
rcu: Handle outgoing CPUs on exit from idle loop
cpu: Make CPU-offline idle-loop transition point more precise
rcu: Eliminate ->onoff_mutex from rcu_node structure
rcu: Process offlining and onlining only at grace-period start
rcu: Move rcu_report_unblock_qs_rnp() to common code
rcu: Rework preemptible expedited bitmask handling
rcu: Remove event tracing from rcu_cpu_notify(), used by offline CPUs
rcutorture: Enable slow grace-period initializations
rcu: Provide diagnostic option to slow down grace-period initialization
rcu: Detect stalls caused by failure to propagate up rcu_node tree
rcu: Eliminate empty HOTPLUG_CPU ifdef
rcu: Simplify sync_rcu_preempt_exp_init()
rcu: Put all orphan-callback-related code under same comment
rcu: Consolidate offline-CPU callback initialization
...
Pull trivial tree from Jiri Kosina:
"Usual trivial tree updates. Nothing outstanding -- mostly printk()
and comment fixes and unused identifier removals"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial:
goldfish: goldfish_tty_probe() is not using 'i' any more
powerpc: Fix comment in smu.h
qla2xxx: Fix printks in ql_log message
lib: correct link to the original source for div64_u64
si2168, tda10071, m88ds3103: Fix firmware wording
usb: storage: Fix printk in isd200_log_config()
qla2xxx: Fix printk in qla25xx_setup_mode
init/main: fix reset_device comment
ipwireless: missing assignment
goldfish: remove unreachable line of code
coredump: Fix do_coredump() comment
stacktrace.h: remove duplicate declaration task_struct
smpboot.h: Remove unused function prototype
treewide: Fix typo in printk messages
treewide: Fix typo in printk messages
mod_devicetable: fix comment for match_flags
Currently, smpboot_unpark_threads() is invoked before the incoming CPU
has been added to the scheduler's runqueue structures. This might
potentially cause the unparked kthread to run on the wrong CPU, since the
correct CPU isn't fully set up yet.
That causes a sporadic, hard to debug boot crash triggering on some
systems, reported by Borislav Petkov, and bisected down to:
2a442c9c64 ("x86: Use common outgoing-CPU-notification code")
This patch places smpboot_unpark_threads() in a CPU hotplug
notifier with priority set so that these kthreads are unparked just after
the CPU has been added to the runqueues.
Reported-and-tested-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Now we call ss->bind() in cgroup_init(), so cgroup_init() will
call cpuset_bind() and then the latter will access top_cpuset's
cpumask, which is NULL, because cpuset_init() is called after
cgroup_init()
The simplest fix is to swap cgroup_init() and cpuset_init().
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Fixes: 295458e672 ("cgroup: call cgroup_subsys->bind on cgroup subsys initialization")
Reported by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
CONFIG_INIT_FALLBACK adds config bloat without an obvious use case that
makes it worth keeping around. Delete it.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Chuck Ebbert <cebbert.lkml@gmail.com>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The UP local API support can be set up from an early initcall. No need
for horrible hackery in the init code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150115211703.827943883@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Pull vfs pile #2 from Al Viro:
"Next pile (and there'll be one or two more).
The large piece in this one is getting rid of /proc/*/ns/* weirdness;
among other things, it allows to (finally) make nameidata completely
opaque outside of fs/namei.c, making for easier further cleanups in
there"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
coda_venus_readdir(): use file_inode()
fs/namei.c: fold link_path_walk() call into path_init()
path_init(): don't bother with LOOKUP_PARENT in argument
fs/namei.c: new helper (path_cleanup())
path_init(): store the "base" pointer to file in nameidata itself
make default ->i_fop have ->open() fail with ENXIO
make nameidata completely opaque outside of fs/namei.c
kill proc_ns completely
take the targets of /proc/*/ns/* symlinks to separate fs
bury struct proc_ns in fs/proc
copy address of proc_ns_ops into ns_common
new helpers: ns_alloc_inum/ns_free_inum
make proc_ns_operations work with struct ns_common * instead of void *
switch the rest of proc_ns_operations to working with &...->ns
netns: switch ->get()/->put()/->install()/->inum() to working with &net->ns
make mntns ->get()/->put()/->install()/->inum() work with &mnt_ns->ns
common object embedded into various struct ....ns
as I thought it might be. I'm pushing this in now.
This will allow Thomas to debug his irq work for 3.20.
This adds two new features:
1) Allow traceopoints to be enabled right after mm_init(). By passing
in the trace_event= kernel command line parameter, tracepoints can be
enabled at boot up. For debugging things like the initialization of
interrupts, it is needed to have tracepoints enabled very early. People
have asked about this before and this has been on my todo list. As it
can be helpful for Thomas to debug his upcoming 3.20 IRQ work, I'm
pushing this now. This way he can add tracepoints into the IRQ set up
and have users enable them when things go wrong.
2) Have the tracepoints printed via printk() (the console) when they
are triggered. If the irq code locks up or reboots the box, having the
tracepoint output go into the kernel ring buffer is useless for
debugging. But being able to add the tp_printk kernel command line
option along with the trace_event= option will have these tracepoints
printed as they occur, and that can be really useful for debugging
early lock up or reboot problems.
This code is not that intrusive and it passed all my tests. Thomas tried
them out too and it works for his needs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141214201609.126831471@goodmis.org
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Merge tag 'trace-3.19-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"As the merge window is still open, and this code was not as complex as
I thought it might be. I'm pushing this in now.
This will allow Thomas to debug his irq work for 3.20.
This adds two new features:
1) Allow traceopoints to be enabled right after mm_init().
By passing in the trace_event= kernel command line parameter,
tracepoints can be enabled at boot up. For debugging things like
the initialization of interrupts, it is needed to have tracepoints
enabled very early. People have asked about this before and this
has been on my todo list. As it can be helpful for Thomas to debug
his upcoming 3.20 IRQ work, I'm pushing this now. This way he can
add tracepoints into the IRQ set up and have users enable them when
things go wrong.
2) Have the tracepoints printed via printk() (the console) when they
are triggered.
If the irq code locks up or reboots the box, having the tracepoint
output go into the kernel ring buffer is useless for debugging.
But being able to add the tp_printk kernel command line option
along with the trace_event= option will have these tracepoints
printed as they occur, and that can be really useful for debugging
early lock up or reboot problems.
This code is not that intrusive and it passed all my tests. Thomas
tried them out too and it works for his needs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141214201609.126831471@goodmis.org"
* tag 'trace-3.19-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
tracing: Add tp_printk cmdline to have tracepoints go to printk()
tracing: Move enabling tracepoints to just after rcu_init()
Enabling tracepoints at boot up can be very useful. The tracepoint
can be initialized right after RCU has been. There's no need to
wait for the early_initcall() to be called. That's too late for some
things that can use tracepoints for debugging. Move the logic to
enable tracepoints out of the initcalls and into init/main.c to
right after rcu_init().
This also allows trace_printk() to be used early too.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.11.1412121539300.16494@nanos
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141214164104.307127356@goodmis.org
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Pull security layer updates from James Morris:
"In terms of changes, there's general maintenance to the Smack,
SELinux, and integrity code.
The IMA code adds a new kconfig option, IMA_APPRAISE_SIGNED_INIT,
which allows IMA appraisal to require signatures. Support for reading
keys from rootfs before init is call is also added"
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (23 commits)
selinux: Remove security_ops extern
security: smack: fix out-of-bounds access in smk_parse_smack()
VFS: refactor vfs_read()
ima: require signature based appraisal
integrity: provide a hook to load keys when rootfs is ready
ima: load x509 certificate from the kernel
integrity: provide a function to load x509 certificate from the kernel
integrity: define a new function integrity_read_file()
Security: smack: replace kzalloc with kmem_cache for inode_smack
Smack: Lock mode for the floor and hat labels
ima: added support for new kernel cmdline parameter ima_template_fmt
ima: allocate field pointers array on demand in template_desc_init_fields()
ima: don't allocate a copy of template_fmt in template_desc_init_fields()
ima: display template format in meas. list if template name length is zero
ima: added error messages to template-related functions
ima: use atomic bit operations to protect policy update interface
ima: ignore empty and with whitespaces policy lines
ima: no need to allocate entry for comment
ima: report policy load status
ima: use path names cache
...
When we debug something, we'd like to insert some information to every
page. For this purpose, we sometimes modify struct page itself. But,
this has drawbacks. First, it requires re-compile. This makes us
hesitate to use the powerful debug feature so development process is
slowed down. And, second, sometimes it is impossible to rebuild the
kernel due to third party module dependency. At third, system behaviour
would be largely different after re-compile, because it changes size of
struct page greatly and this structure is accessed by every part of
kernel. Keeping this as it is would be better to reproduce errornous
situation.
This feature is intended to overcome above mentioned problems. This
feature allocates memory for extended data per page in certain place
rather than the struct page itself. This memory can be accessed by the
accessor functions provided by this code. During the boot process, it
checks whether allocation of huge chunk of memory is needed or not. If
not, it avoids allocating memory at all. With this advantage, we can
include this feature into the kernel in default and can avoid rebuild and
solve related problems.
Until now, memcg uses this technique. But, now, memcg decides to embed
their variable to struct page itself and it's code to extend struct page
has been removed. I'd like to use this code to develop debug feature, so
this patch resurrect it.
To help these things to work well, this patch introduces two callbacks for
clients. One is the need callback which is mandatory if user wants to
avoid useless memory allocation at boot-time. The other is optional, init
callback, which is used to do proper initialization after memory is
allocated. Detailed explanation about purpose of these functions is in
code comment. Please refer it.
Others are completely same with previous extension code in memcg.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Jungsoo Son <jungsoo.son@lge.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
New pseudo-filesystem: nsfs. Targets of /proc/*/ns/* live there now.
It's not mountable (not even registered, so it's not in /proc/filesystems,
etc.). Files on it *are* bindable - we explicitly permit that in do_loopback().
This stuff lives in fs/nsfs.c now; proc_ns_fget() moved there as well.
get_proc_ns() is a macro now (it's simply returning ->i_private; would
have been an inline, if not for header ordering headache).
proc_ns_inode() is an ex-parrot. The interface used in procfs is
ns_get_path(path, task, ops) and ns_get_name(buf, size, task, ops).
Dentries and inodes are never hashed; a non-counting reference to dentry
is stashed in ns_common (removed by ->d_prune()) and reused by ns_get_path()
if present. See ns_get_path()/ns_prune_dentry/nsfs_evict() for details
of that mechanism.
As the result, proc_ns_follow_link() has stopped poking in nd->path.mnt;
it does nd_jump_link() on a consistent <vfsmount,dentry> pair it gets
from ns_get_path().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
If a user puts init=/whatever on the command line and /whatever can't be
run, then the kernel will try a few default options before giving up. If
init=/whatever came from a bootloader prompt, then this is unexpected but
probably harmless. On the other hand, if it comes from a script (e.g. a
tool like virtme or perhaps a future kselftest script), then the fallbacks
are likely to exist, but they'll do the wrong thing. For example, they
might unexpectedly invoke systemd.
This adds a config option CONFIG_INIT_FALLBACK. If unset, then a failure
to run the specified init= process be fatal.
The tentative plan is to remove CONFIG_INIT_FALLBACK for 3.20.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Chuck Ebbert <cebbert.lkml@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memory cgroups used to have 5 per-page pointers. To allow users to
disable that amount of overhead during runtime, those pointers were
allocated in a separate array, with a translation layer between them and
struct page.
There is now only one page pointer remaining: the memcg pointer, that
indicates which cgroup the page is associated with when charged. The
complexity of runtime allocation and the runtime translation overhead is
no longer justified to save that *potential* 0.19% of memory. With
CONFIG_SLUB, page->mem_cgroup actually sits in the doubleword padding
after the page->private member and doesn't even increase struct page,
and then this patch actually saves space. Remaining users that care can
still compile their kernels without CONFIG_MEMCG.
text data bss dec hex filename
8828345 1725264 983040 11536649 b00909 vmlinux.old
8827425 1725264 966656 11519345 afc571 vmlinux.new
[mhocko@suse.cz: update Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Keys can only be loaded once the rootfs is mounted. Initcalls
are not suitable for that. This patch defines a special hook
to load the x509 public keys onto the IMA keyring, before
attempting to access any file. The keys are required for
verifying the file's signature. The hook is called after the
root filesystem is mounted and before the kernel calls 'init'.
Changes in v3:
* added more explanation to the patch description (Mimi)
Changes in v2:
* Hook renamed as 'integrity_load_keys()' to handle both IMA and EVM
keys by integrity subsystem.
* Hook patch moved after defining loading functions
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <d.kasatkin@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Currently if the user passes an invalid value on the kernel command line
then the kernel will crash during argument parsing. On most systems this
is very hard to debug because the console hasn't been initialized yet.
This is a regression due to commit 51e158c12a ("param: hand arguments
after -- straight to init") which, in response to the systemd debug
controversy, made it possible to explicitly pass arguments to init. To
achieve this parse_args() was extended from simply returning an error
code to returning a pointer. Regretably the new init args logic does not
perform a proper validity check on the pointer resulting in a crash.
This patch fixes the validity check. Should the check fail then no arguments
will be passed to init. This is reasonable and matches how the kernel treats
its own arguments (i.e. no error recovery).
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Consolidate the various external const and non-const declarations of
__start___param[] and __stop___param in <linux/moduleparam.h>. This
requires making a few struct kernel_param pointers in kernel/params.c
const.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- Optimized support for Intel "Cluster-on-Die" (CoD) topologies (Dave
Hansen)
- Various sched/idle refinements for better idle handling (Nicolas
Pitre, Daniel Lezcano, Chuansheng Liu, Vincent Guittot)
- sched/numa updates and optimizations (Rik van Riel)
- sysbench speedup (Vincent Guittot)
- capacity calculation cleanups/refactoring (Vincent Guittot)
- Various cleanups to thread group iteration (Oleg Nesterov)
- Double-rq-lock removal optimization and various refactorings
(Kirill Tkhai)
- various sched/deadline fixes
... and lots of other changes"
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (72 commits)
sched/dl: Use dl_bw_of() under rcu_read_lock_sched()
sched/fair: Delete resched_cpu() from idle_balance()
sched, time: Fix build error with 64 bit cputime_t on 32 bit systems
sched: Improve sysbench performance by fixing spurious active migration
sched/x86: Fix up typo in topology detection
x86, sched: Add new topology for multi-NUMA-node CPUs
sched/rt: Use resched_curr() in task_tick_rt()
sched: Use rq->rd in sched_setaffinity() under RCU read lock
sched: cleanup: Rename 'out_unlock' to 'out_free_new_mask'
sched: Use dl_bw_of() under RCU read lock
sched/fair: Remove duplicate code from can_migrate_task()
sched, mips, ia64: Remove __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW
sched: print_rq(): Don't use tasklist_lock
sched: normalize_rt_tasks(): Don't use _irqsave for tasklist_lock, use task_rq_lock()
sched: Fix the task-group check in tg_has_rt_tasks()
sched/fair: Leverage the idle state info when choosing the "idlest" cpu
sched: Let the scheduler see CPU idle states
sched/deadline: Fix inter- exclusive cpusets migrations
sched/deadline: Clear dl_entity params when setscheduling to different class
sched/numa: Kill the wrong/dead TASK_DEAD check in task_numa_fault()
...
Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- changes related to No-CBs CPUs and NO_HZ_FULL
- RCU-tasks implementation
- torture-test updates
- miscellaneous fixes
- locktorture updates
- RCU documentation updates"
* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (81 commits)
workqueue: Use cond_resched_rcu_qs macro
workqueue: Add quiescent state between work items
locktorture: Cleanup header usage
locktorture: Cannot hold read and write lock
locktorture: Fix __acquire annotation for spinlock irq
locktorture: Support rwlocks
rcu: Eliminate deadlock between CPU hotplug and expedited grace periods
locktorture: Document boot/module parameters
rcutorture: Rename rcutorture_runnable parameter
locktorture: Add test scenario for rwsem_lock
locktorture: Add test scenario for mutex_lock
locktorture: Make torture scripting account for new _runnable name
locktorture: Introduce torture context
locktorture: Support rwsems
locktorture: Add infrastructure for torturing read locks
torture: Address race in module cleanup
locktorture: Make statistics generic
locktorture: Teach about lock debugging
locktorture: Support mutexes
locktorture: Add documentation
...
Tasks get their end of stack set to STACK_END_MAGIC with the
aim to catch stack overruns. Currently this feature does not
apply to init_task. This patch removes this restriction.
Note that a similar patch was posted by Prarit Bhargava
some time ago but was never merged:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=127144305403241&w=2
Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: dzickus@redhat.com
Cc: bmr@redhat.com
Cc: jcastillo@redhat.com
Cc: jgh@redhat.com
Cc: minchan@kernel.org
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: hannes@cmpxchg.org
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1410527779-8133-2-git-send-email-atomlin@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Commit b58cc46c5f (rcu: Don't offload callbacks unless specifically
requested) failed to adjust the callback lists of the CPUs that are
known to be no-CBs CPUs only because they are also nohz_full= CPUs.
This failure can result in callbacks that are posted during early boot
getting stranded on nxtlist for CPUs whose no-CBs property becomes
apparent late, and there can also be spurious warnings about offline
CPUs posting callbacks.
This commit fixes these problems by adding an early-boot rcu_init_nohz()
that properly initializes the no-CBs CPUs.
Note that kernels built with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU_ALL=y or with
CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=n do not exhibit this bug. Neither do kernels
booted without the nohz_full= boot parameter.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
This way we unbloat a bit main.c and more importantly we initialize
nohz full after init_IRQ(). This dependency will be needed in further
patches because nohz full needs irq work to raise its own IRQ.
Information about the support for this ability on ARM64 is obtained on
init_IRQ() which initialize the pointer to __smp_call_function.
Since tick_init() is called right after init_IRQ(), this is a good place
to call tick_nohz_init() and prepare for that dependency.
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
re-add the perm check (we unified the module param and sysfs checks, but
the module ones were stronger so we weakened them temporarily).
Param parsing gets documented, and also "--" now forces args to be
handed to init (and ignored by the kernel).
Module NX/RO protections get tightened: we now set them before calling
parse_args().
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module updates from Rusty Russell:
"Most of this is cleaning up various driver sysfs permissions so we can
re-add the perm check (we unified the module param and sysfs checks,
but the module ones were stronger so we weakened them temporarily).
Param parsing gets documented, and also "--" now forces args to be
handed to init (and ignored by the kernel).
Module NX/RO protections get tightened: we now set them before calling
parse_args()"
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
module: set nx before marking module MODULE_STATE_COMING.
samples/kobject/: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/hid/hid-picolcd_fb: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/staging/speakup/: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/regulator/virtual: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/scsi/pm8001/pm8001_ctl.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/hid/hid-lg4ff.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/video/fbdev/sm501fb.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/mtd/devices/docg3.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
speakup: fix incorrect perms on speakup_acntsa.c
cpumask.h: silence warning with -Wsign-compare
Documentation: Update kernel-parameters.tx
param: hand arguments after -- straight to init
modpost: Fix resource leak in read_dump()
Pull x86-64 espfix changes from Peter Anvin:
"This is the espfix64 code, which fixes the IRET information leak as
well as the associated functionality problem. With this code applied,
16-bit stack segments finally work as intended even on a 64-bit
kernel.
Consequently, this patchset also removes the runtime option that we
added as an interim measure.
To help the people working on Linux kernels for very small systems,
this patchset also makes these compile-time configurable features"
* 'x86/espfix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
Revert "x86-64, modify_ldt: Make support for 16-bit segments a runtime option"
x86, espfix: Make it possible to disable 16-bit support
x86, espfix: Make espfix64 a Kconfig option, fix UML
x86, espfix: Fix broken header guard
x86, espfix: Move espfix definitions into a separate header file
x86-32, espfix: Remove filter for espfix32 due to race
x86-64, espfix: Don't leak bits 31:16 of %esp returning to 16-bit stack
1. Remove CLONE_KERNEL, it has no users and it is dangerous.
The (old) comment says "List of flags we want to share for kernel
threads" but this is not true, we do not want to share ->sighand by
default. This flag can only be used if the caller is sure that both
parent/child will never play with signals (say, allow_signal/etc).
2. Change rest_init() to clone kernel_init() without CLONE_SIGHAND.
In this case CLONE_SIGHAND does not really hurt, and it looks like
optimization because copy_sighand() can avoid kmem_cache_alloc().
But in fact this only adds the minor pessimization. kernel_init()
is going to exec the init process, and de_thread() will need to
unshare ->sighand and do kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep) anyway,
but it needs to do more work and take tasklist_lock and siglock.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a module is built into the kernel the module_init() function
becomes an initcall. Sometimes debugging through dynamic debug can
help, however, debugging built in kernel modules is typically done by
changing the .config, recompiling, and booting the new kernel in an
effort to determine exactly which module caused a problem.
This patchset can be useful stand-alone or combined with initcall_debug.
There are cases where some initcalls can hang the machine before the
console can be flushed, which can make initcall_debug output inaccurate.
Having the ability to skip initcalls can help further debugging of these
scenarios.
Usage: initcall_blacklist=<list of comma separated initcalls>
ex) added "initcall_blacklist=sgi_uv_sysfs_init" as a kernel parameter and
the log contains:
blacklisting initcall sgi_uv_sysfs_init
...
...
initcall sgi_uv_sysfs_init blacklisted
ex) added "initcall_blacklist=foo_bar,sgi_uv_sysfs_init" as a kernel parameter
and the log contains:
blacklisting initcall foo_bar
blacklisting initcall sgi_uv_sysfs_init
...
...
initcall sgi_uv_sysfs_init blacklisted
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak printk text]
Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard.weinberger@gmail.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pertially revert commit ea676e846a ("init/main.c: convert to
pr_foo()").
Unbeknownst to me, pr_debug() is different from the other pr_foo()
levels: pr_debug() is a no-op when DEBUG is not defined.
Happily, init/main.c does have a #define DEBUG so we didn't break
initcall_debug. But the functioning of initcall_debug should not be
dependent upon the presence of that #define DEBUG.
Reported-by: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
... instead of naked numbers.
Stuff in sysrq.c used to set it to 8 which is supposed to mean above
default level so set it to DEBUG instead as we're terminating/killing all
tasks and we want to be verbose there.
Also, correct the check in x86_64_start_kernel which should be >= as
we're clearly issuing the string there for all debug levels, not only
the magical 10.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove start_kernel()->mm_init_owner(&init_mm, &init_task).
This doesn't really hurt but unnecessary and misleading. init_task is the
"swapper" thread == current, its ->mm is always NULL. And init_mm can
only be used as ->active_mm, not as ->mm.
mm_init_owner() has a single caller with this patch, perhaps it should
die. mm_init() can initialize ->owner under #ifdef.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Chiang <pchiang@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge in Linus' tree with:
fa81511bb0 x86-64, modify_ldt: Make support for 16-bit segments a runtime option
... reverted, to avoid a conflict. This commit is no longer necessary
with the proper fix in place.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
As requested by Linus add explicit __visible to the asmlinkage users.
This marks functions visible to assembler.
Tree sweep for rest of tree.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398984278-29319-4-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Make espfix64 a hidden Kconfig option. This fixes the x86-64 UML
build which had broken due to the non-existence of init_espfix_bsp()
in UML: since UML uses its own Kconfig, this option does not appear in
the UML build.
This also makes it possible to make support for 16-bit segments a
configuration option, for the people who want to minimize the size of
the kernel.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398816946-3351-1-git-send-email-hpa@linux.intel.com
The IRET instruction, when returning to a 16-bit segment, only
restores the bottom 16 bits of the user space stack pointer. This
causes some 16-bit software to break, but it also leaks kernel state
to user space. We have a software workaround for that ("espfix") for
the 32-bit kernel, but it relies on a nonzero stack segment base which
is not available in 64-bit mode.
In checkin:
b3b42ac2cb x86-64, modify_ldt: Ban 16-bit segments on 64-bit kernels
we "solved" this by forbidding 16-bit segments on 64-bit kernels, with
the logic that 16-bit support is crippled on 64-bit kernels anyway (no
V86 support), but it turns out that people are doing stuff like
running old Win16 binaries under Wine and expect it to work.
This works around this by creating percpu "ministacks", each of which
is mapped 2^16 times 64K apart. When we detect that the return SS is
on the LDT, we copy the IRET frame to the ministack and use the
relevant alias to return to userspace. The ministacks are mapped
readonly, so if IRET faults we promote #GP to #DF which is an IST
vector and thus has its own stack; we then do the fixup in the #DF
handler.
(Making #GP an IST exception would make the msr_safe functions unsafe
in NMI/MC context, and quite possibly have other effects.)
Special thanks to:
- Andy Lutomirski, for the suggestion of using very small stack slots
and copy (as opposed to map) the IRET frame there, and for the
suggestion to mark them readonly and let the fault promote to #DF.
- Konrad Wilk for paravirt fixup and testing.
- Borislav Petkov for testing help and useful comments.
Reported-by: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398816946-3351-1-git-send-email-hpa@linux.intel.com
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Andrew Lutomriski <amluto@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dirk Hohndel <dirk@hohndel.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan.van.de.ven@intel.com>
Cc: comex <comexk@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # consider after upstream merge
The kernel passes any args it doesn't need through to init, except it
assumes anything containing '.' belongs to the kernel (for a module).
This change means all users can clearly distinguish which arguments
are for init.
For example, the kernel uses debug ("dee-bug") to mean log everything to
the console, where systemd uses the debug from the Scandinavian "day-boog"
meaning "fail to boot". If a future versions uses argv[] instead of
reading /proc/cmdline, this confusion will be avoided.
eg: test 'FOO="this is --foo"' -- 'systemd.debug="true true true"'
Gives:
argv[0] = '/debug-init'
argv[1] = 'test'
argv[2] = 'systemd.debug=true true true'
envp[0] = 'HOME=/'
envp[1] = 'TERM=linux'
envp[2] = 'FOO=this is --foo'
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Commit 73f7d1ca32 (ACPI / init: Run acpi_early_init() before
timekeeping_init()) optimistically moved the early ACPI initialization
before timekeeping_init(), but that didn't work, because it broke fast
TSC calibration for Julian Wollrath on Thinkpad x121e (and most likely
for others too). The reason is that acpi_early_init() enables the SCI
and that interferes with the fast TSC calibration mechanism.
Thus follow the original idea to execute acpi_early_init() before
efi_enter_virtual_mode() to help the EFI people for now and we can
revisit the other problem that commit 73f7d1ca32 attempted to
address in the future (if really necessary).
Fixes: 73f7d1ca32 (ACPI / init: Run acpi_early_init() before timekeeping_init())
Reported-by: Julian Wollrath <jwollrath@web.de>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This changes 'do_execve()' to get the executable name as a 'struct
filename', and to free it when it is done. This is what the normal
users want, and it simplifies and streamlines their error handling.
The controlled lifetime of the executable name also fixes a
use-after-free problem with the trace_sched_process_exec tracepoint: the
lifetime of the passed-in string for kernel users was not at all
obvious, and the user-mode helper code used UMH_WAIT_EXEC to serialize
the pathname allocation lifetime with the execve() having finished,
which in turn meant that the trace point that happened after
mm_release() of the old process VM ended up using already free'd memory.
To solve the kernel string lifetime issue, this simply introduces
"getname_kernel()" that works like the normal user-space getname()
function, except with the source coming from kernel memory.
As Oleg points out, this also means that we could drop the tcomm[] array
from 'struct linux_binprm', since the pathname lifetime now covers
setup_new_exec(). That would be a separate cleanup.
Reported-by: Igor Zhbanov <i.zhbanov@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mca_init() no longer exists.
sbus_init() is defined in arch/sparc/kernel/sbus.c and is a subsys_initcall.
both are not needed in main.c any more.
Signed-off-by: Kang Hu <hukangustc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- ACPI core changes to make it create a struct acpi_device object for every
device represented in the ACPI tables during all namespace scans regardless
of the current status of that device. In accordance with this, ACPI hotplug
operations will not delete those objects, unless the underlying ACPI tables
go away.
- On top of the above, new sysfs attribute for ACPI device objects allowing
user space to check device status by triggering the execution of _STA for
its ACPI object. From Srinivas Pandruvada.
- ACPI core hotplug changes reducing code duplication, integrating the
PCI root hotplug with the core and reworking container hotplug.
- ACPI core simplifications making it use ACPI_COMPANION() in the code
"glueing" ACPI device objects to "physical" devices.
- ACPICA update to upstream version 20131218. This adds support for the
DBG2 and PCCT tables to ACPICA, fixes some bugs and improves debug
facilities. From Bob Moore, Lv Zheng and Betty Dall.
- Init code change to carry out the early ACPI initialization earlier.
That should allow us to use ACPI during the timekeeping initialization
and possibly to simplify the EFI initialization too. From Chun-Yi Lee.
- Clenups of the inclusions of ACPI headers in many places all over from
Lv Zheng and Rashika Kheria (work in progress).
- New helper for ACPI _DSM execution and rework of the code in drivers
that uses _DSM to execute it via the new helper. From Jiang Liu.
- New Win8 OSI blacklist entries from Takashi Iwai.
- Assorted ACPI fixes and cleanups from Al Stone, Emil Goode, Hanjun Guo,
Lan Tianyu, Masanari Iida, Oliver Neukum, Prarit Bhargava, Rashika Kheria,
Tang Chen, Zhang Rui.
- intel_pstate driver updates, including proper Baytrail support, from
Dirk Brandewie and intel_pstate documentation from Ramkumar Ramachandra.
- Generic CPU boost ("turbo") support for cpufreq from Lukasz Majewski.
- powernow-k6 cpufreq driver fixes from Mikulas Patocka.
- cpufreq core fixes and cleanups from Viresh Kumar, Jane Li, Mark Brown.
- Assorted cpufreq drivers fixes and cleanups from Anson Huang, John Tobias,
Paul Bolle, Paul Walmsley, Sachin Kamat, Shawn Guo, Viresh Kumar.
- cpuidle cleanups from Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz.
- Support for hibernation APM events from Bin Shi.
- Hibernation fix to avoid bringing up nonboot CPUs with ACPI EC disabled
during thaw transitions from Bjørn Mork.
- PM core fixes and cleanups from Ben Dooks, Leonardo Potenza, Ulf Hansson.
- PNP subsystem fixes and cleanups from Dmitry Torokhov, Levente Kurusa,
Rashika Kheria.
- New tool for profiling system suspend from Todd E Brandt and a cpupower
tool cleanup from One Thousand Gnomes.
/
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Merge tag 'pm+acpi-3.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull ACPI and power management updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"As far as the number of commits goes, the top spot belongs to ACPI
this time with cpufreq in the second position and a handful of PM
core, PNP and cpuidle updates. They are fixes and cleanups mostly, as
usual, with a couple of new features in the mix.
The most visible change is probably that we will create struct
acpi_device objects (visible in sysfs) for all devices represented in
the ACPI tables regardless of their status and there will be a new
sysfs attribute under those objects allowing user space to check that
status via _STA.
Consequently, ACPI device eject or generally hot-removal will not
delete those objects, unless the table containing the corresponding
namespace nodes is unloaded, which is extremely rare. Also ACPI
container hotplug will be handled quite a bit differently and cpufreq
will support CPU boost ("turbo") generically and not only in the
acpi-cpufreq driver.
Specifics:
- ACPI core changes to make it create a struct acpi_device object for
every device represented in the ACPI tables during all namespace
scans regardless of the current status of that device. In
accordance with this, ACPI hotplug operations will not delete those
objects, unless the underlying ACPI tables go away.
- On top of the above, new sysfs attribute for ACPI device objects
allowing user space to check device status by triggering the
execution of _STA for its ACPI object. From Srinivas Pandruvada.
- ACPI core hotplug changes reducing code duplication, integrating
the PCI root hotplug with the core and reworking container hotplug.
- ACPI core simplifications making it use ACPI_COMPANION() in the
code "glueing" ACPI device objects to "physical" devices.
- ACPICA update to upstream version 20131218. This adds support for
the DBG2 and PCCT tables to ACPICA, fixes some bugs and improves
debug facilities. From Bob Moore, Lv Zheng and Betty Dall.
- Init code change to carry out the early ACPI initialization
earlier. That should allow us to use ACPI during the timekeeping
initialization and possibly to simplify the EFI initialization too.
From Chun-Yi Lee.
- Clenups of the inclusions of ACPI headers in many places all over
from Lv Zheng and Rashika Kheria (work in progress).
- New helper for ACPI _DSM execution and rework of the code in
drivers that uses _DSM to execute it via the new helper. From
Jiang Liu.
- New Win8 OSI blacklist entries from Takashi Iwai.
- Assorted ACPI fixes and cleanups from Al Stone, Emil Goode, Hanjun
Guo, Lan Tianyu, Masanari Iida, Oliver Neukum, Prarit Bhargava,
Rashika Kheria, Tang Chen, Zhang Rui.
- intel_pstate driver updates, including proper Baytrail support,
from Dirk Brandewie and intel_pstate documentation from Ramkumar
Ramachandra.
- Generic CPU boost ("turbo") support for cpufreq from Lukasz
Majewski.
- powernow-k6 cpufreq driver fixes from Mikulas Patocka.
- cpufreq core fixes and cleanups from Viresh Kumar, Jane Li, Mark
Brown.
- Assorted cpufreq drivers fixes and cleanups from Anson Huang, John
Tobias, Paul Bolle, Paul Walmsley, Sachin Kamat, Shawn Guo, Viresh
Kumar.
- cpuidle cleanups from Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz.
- Support for hibernation APM events from Bin Shi.
- Hibernation fix to avoid bringing up nonboot CPUs with ACPI EC
disabled during thaw transitions from Bjørn Mork.
- PM core fixes and cleanups from Ben Dooks, Leonardo Potenza, Ulf
Hansson.
- PNP subsystem fixes and cleanups from Dmitry Torokhov, Levente
Kurusa, Rashika Kheria.
- New tool for profiling system suspend from Todd E Brandt and a
cpupower tool cleanup from One Thousand Gnomes"
* tag 'pm+acpi-3.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (153 commits)
thermal: exynos: boost: Automatic enable/disable of BOOST feature (at Exynos4412)
cpufreq: exynos4x12: Change L0 driver data to CPUFREQ_BOOST_FREQ
Documentation: cpufreq / boost: Update BOOST documentation
cpufreq: exynos: Extend Exynos cpufreq driver to support boost
cpufreq / boost: Kconfig: Support for software-managed BOOST
acpi-cpufreq: Adjust the code to use the common boost attribute
cpufreq: Add boost frequency support in core
intel_pstate: Add trace point to report internal state.
cpufreq: introduce cpufreq_generic_get() routine
ARM: SA1100: Create dummy clk_get_rate() to avoid build failures
cpufreq: stats: create sysfs entries when cpufreq_stats is a module
cpufreq: stats: free table and remove sysfs entry in a single routine
cpufreq: stats: remove hotplug notifiers
cpufreq: stats: handle cpufreq_unregister_driver() and suspend/resume properly
cpufreq: speedstep: remove unused speedstep_get_state
platform: introduce OF style 'modalias' support for platform bus
PM / tools: new tool for suspend/resume performance optimization
ACPI: fix module autoloading for ACPI enumerated devices
ACPI: add module autoloading support for ACPI enumerated devices
ACPI: fix create_modalias() return value handling
...
Use constant format string in case message changes.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Its user was removed in v2.5.2.4.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fall back to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC are enabled spinlock_t on x86_64
is 72 bytes. For page->ptl they will be allocated from kmalloc-96 slab,
so we loose 24 on each. An average system can easily allocate few tens
thousands of page->ptl and overhead is significant.
Let's create a separate slab for page->ptl allocation to solve this.
To make sure that it really works this time, some numbers from my test
machine (just booted, no load):
Before:
# grep '^\(kmalloc-96\|page->ptl\)' /proc/slabinfo
kmalloc-96 31987 32190 128 30 1 : tunables 120 60 8 : slabdata 1073 1073 92
After:
# grep '^\(kmalloc-96\|page->ptl\)' /proc/slabinfo
page->ptl 27516 28143 72 53 1 : tunables 120 60 8 : slabdata 531 531 9
kmalloc-96 3853 5280 128 30 1 : tunables 120 60 8 : slabdata 176 176 0
Note that the patch is useful not only for debug case, but also for
PREEMPT_RT, where spinlock_t is always bloated.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is a variant patch from Rafael J. Wysocki's
ACPI / init: Run acpi_early_init() before efi_enter_virtual_mode()
According to Matt Fleming, if acpi_early_init() was executed before
efi_enter_virtual_mode(), the EFI initialization could benefit from
it, so Rafael's patch makes that happen.
And, we want accessing ACPI TAD device to set system clock, so move
acpi_early_init() before timekeeping_init(). This final position is
also before efi_enter_virtual_mode().
Tested-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee, Chun-Yi <jlee@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This reverts commit ea1e7ed337.
Al points out that while the commit *does* actually create a separate
slab for the page->ptl allocation, that slab is never actually used, and
the code continues to use kmalloc/kfree.
Damien Wyart points out that the original patch did have the conversion
to use kmem_cache_alloc/free, so it got lost somewhere on its way to me.
Revert the half-arsed attempt that didn't do anything. If we really do
want the special slab (remember: this is all relevant just for debug
builds, so it's not necessarily all that critical) we might as well redo
the patch fully.
Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Kirill A Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC are enabled spinlock_t on x86_64
is 72 bytes. For page->ptl they will be allocated from kmalloc-96 slab,
so we loose 24 on each. An average system can easily allocate few tens
thousands of page->ptl and overhead is significant.
Let's create a separate slab for page->ptl allocation to solve this.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull networking updates from David Miller:
1) The addition of nftables. No longer will we need protocol aware
firewall filtering modules, it can all live in userspace.
At the core of nftables is a, for lack of a better term, virtual
machine that executes byte codes to inspect packet or metadata
(arriving interface index, etc.) and make verdict decisions.
Besides support for loading packet contents and comparing them, the
interpreter supports lookups in various datastructures as
fundamental operations. For example sets are supports, and
therefore one could create a set of whitelist IP address entries
which have ACCEPT verdicts attached to them, and use the appropriate
byte codes to do such lookups.
Since the interpreted code is composed in userspace, userspace can
do things like optimize things before giving it to the kernel.
Another major improvement is the capability of atomically updating
portions of the ruleset. In the existing netfilter implementation,
one has to update the entire rule set in order to make a change and
this is very expensive.
Userspace tools exist to create nftables rules using existing
netfilter rule sets, but both kernel implementations will need to
co-exist for quite some time as we transition from the old to the
new stuff.
Kudos to Patrick McHardy, Pablo Neira Ayuso, and others who have
worked so hard on this.
2) Daniel Borkmann and Hannes Frederic Sowa made several improvements
to our pseudo-random number generator, mostly used for things like
UDP port randomization and netfitler, amongst other things.
In particular the taus88 generater is updated to taus113, and test
cases are added.
3) Support 64-bit rates in HTB and TBF schedulers, from Eric Dumazet
and Yang Yingliang.
4) Add support for new 577xx tigon3 chips to tg3 driver, from Nithin
Sujir.
5) Fix two fatal flaws in TCP dynamic right sizing, from Eric Dumazet,
Neal Cardwell, and Yuchung Cheng.
6) Allow IP_TOS and IP_TTL to be specified in sendmsg() ancillary
control message data, much like other socket option attributes.
From Francesco Fusco.
7) Allow applications to specify a cap on the rate computed
automatically by the kernel for pacing flows, via a new
SO_MAX_PACING_RATE socket option. From Eric Dumazet.
8) Make the initial autotuned send buffer sizing in TCP more closely
reflect actual needs, from Eric Dumazet.
9) Currently early socket demux only happens for TCP sockets, but we
can do it for connected UDP sockets too. Implementation from Shawn
Bohrer.
10) Refactor inet socket demux with the goal of improving hash demux
performance for listening sockets. With the main goals being able
to use RCU lookups on even request sockets, and eliminating the
listening lock contention. From Eric Dumazet.
11) The bonding layer has many demuxes in it's fast path, and an RCU
conversion was started back in 3.11, several changes here extend the
RCU usage to even more locations. From Ding Tianhong and Wang
Yufen, based upon suggestions by Nikolay Aleksandrov and Veaceslav
Falico.
12) Allow stackability of segmentation offloads to, in particular, allow
segmentation offloading over tunnels. From Eric Dumazet.
13) Significantly improve the handling of secret keys we input into the
various hash functions in the inet hashtables, TCP fast open, as
well as syncookies. From Hannes Frederic Sowa. The key fundamental
operation is "net_get_random_once()" which uses static keys.
Hannes even extended this to ipv4/ipv6 fragmentation handling and
our generic flow dissector.
14) The generic driver layer takes care now to set the driver data to
NULL on device removal, so it's no longer necessary for drivers to
explicitly set it to NULL any more. Many drivers have been cleaned
up in this way, from Jingoo Han.
15) Add a BPF based packet scheduler classifier, from Daniel Borkmann.
16) Improve CRC32 interfaces and generic SKB checksum iterators so that
SCTP's checksumming can more cleanly be handled. Also from Daniel
Borkmann.
17) Add a new PMTU discovery mode, IP_PMTUDISC_INTERFACE, which forces
using the interface MTU value. This helps avoid PMTU attacks,
particularly on DNS servers. From Hannes Frederic Sowa.
18) Use generic XPS for transmit queue steering rather than internal
(re-)implementation in virtio-net. From Jason Wang.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1622 commits)
random32: add test cases for taus113 implementation
random32: upgrade taus88 generator to taus113 from errata paper
random32: move rnd_state to linux/random.h
random32: add prandom_reseed_late() and call when nonblocking pool becomes initialized
random32: add periodic reseeding
random32: fix off-by-one in seeding requirement
PHY: Add RTL8201CP phy_driver to realtek
xtsonic: add missing platform_set_drvdata() in xtsonic_probe()
macmace: add missing platform_set_drvdata() in mace_probe()
ethernet/arc/arc_emac: add missing platform_set_drvdata() in arc_emac_probe()
ipv6: protect for_each_sk_fl_rcu in mem_check with rcu_read_lock_bh
vlan: Implement vlan_dev_get_egress_qos_mask as an inline.
ixgbe: add warning when max_vfs is out of range.
igb: Update link modes display in ethtool
netfilter: push reasm skb through instead of original frag skbs
ip6_output: fragment outgoing reassembled skb properly
MAINTAINERS: mv643xx_eth: take over maintainership from Lennart
net_sched: tbf: support of 64bit rates
ixgbe: deleting dfwd stations out of order can cause null ptr deref
ixgbe: fix build err, num_rx_queues is only available with CONFIG_RPS
...
This patch proposes to make init failures more explicit.
Before this, the "No init found" message didn't help much. It could
sometimes be misleading and actually mean "No *working* init found".
This message could hide many different issues:
- no init program candidates found at all
- some init program candidates exist but can't be executed (missing
execute permissions, failed to load shared libraries, executable
compiled for an unknown architecture...)
This patch notifies the kernel user when a candidate init program is found
but can't be executed. In each failure situation, the error code is
displayed, to quickly find the root cause. "No init found" is also
replaced by "No working init found", which is more correct.
This will help embedded Linux developers (especially the newcomers),
regularly making and debugging new root filesystems.
Credits to Geert Uytterhoeven and Janne Karhunen for their improvement
suggestions.
Signed-off-by: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Tested-by: Janne Karhunen <Janne.Karhunen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before commit 026cee0086
("params: <level>_initcall-like kernel parameters") the __setup
parameter parsing code could modify parameter in the
static_command_line buffer and such modifications were kept. After
that commit such modifications are destroyed during per-initcall level
parameter parsing because the same static_command_line buffer is used
and only parameters for appropriate initcall level are parsed.
That change broke at least parsing "ubd" parameter in the ubd driver
when the COW file is used.
Now the separate buffer is used for per-initcall parameter parsing.
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Mazur <krzysiek@podlesie.net>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Conflicts:
drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c
include/net/dst.h
Trivial merge conflicts, both were overlapping changes.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Usage of the static key primitives to toggle a branch must not be used
before jump_label_init() is called from init/main.c. jump_label_init
reorganizes and wires up the jump_entries so usage before that could
have unforeseen consequences.
Following primitives are now checked for correct use:
* static_key_slow_inc
* static_key_slow_dec
* static_key_slow_dec_deferred
* jump_label_rate_limit
The x86 architecture already checks this by testing if the default_nop
was already replaced with an optimal nop or with a branch instruction. It
will panic then. Other architectures don't check for this.
Because we need to relax this check for the x86 arch to allow code to
transition from default_nop to the enabled state and other architectures
did not check for this at all this patch introduces checking on the
static_key primitives in a non-arch dependent manner.
All checked functions are considered slow-path so the additional check
does no harm to performance.
The warnings are best observed with earlyprintk.
Based on a patch from Andi Kleen.
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
non-x86 platforms, in particular MIPS and ARM.
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Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random
Pull /dev/random changes from Ted Ts'o:
"These patches are designed to enable improvements to /dev/random for
non-x86 platforms, in particular MIPS and ARM"
* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
random: allow architectures to optionally define random_get_entropy()
random: run random_int_secret_init() run after all late_initcalls
Replace the single preempt_count() 'function' that's an lvalue with
two proper functions:
preempt_count() - returns the preempt_count value as rvalue
preempt_count_set() - Allows setting the preempt-count value
Also provide preempt_count_ptr() as a convenience wrapper to implement
all modifying operations.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-orxrbycjozopqfhb4dxdkdvb@git.kernel.org
[ Fixed build failure. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The some platforms (e.g., ARM) initializes their clocks as
late_initcalls for some unknown reason. So make sure
random_int_secret_init() is run after all of the late_initcalls are
run.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Prepare for using a static key in the context tracking subsystem.
This will help optimizing the off case on its many users:
* user_enter, user_exit, exception_enter, exception_exit, guest_enter,
guest_exit, vtime_*()
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Pull timer core updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"The timer changes contain:
- posix timer code consolidation and fixes for odd corner cases
- sched_clock implementation moved from ARM to core code to avoid
duplication by other architectures
- alarm timer updates
- clocksource and clockevents unregistration facilities
- clocksource/events support for new hardware
- precise nanoseconds RTC readout (Xen feature)
- generic support for Xen suspend/resume oddities
- the usual lot of fixes and cleanups all over the place
The parts which touch other areas (ARM/XEN) have been coordinated with
the relevant maintainers. Though this results in an handful of
trivial to solve merge conflicts, which we preferred over nasty cross
tree merge dependencies.
The patches which have been committed in the last few days are bug
fixes plus the posix timer lot. The latter was in akpms queue and
next for quite some time; they just got forgotten and Frederic
collected them last minute."
* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (59 commits)
hrtimer: Remove unused variable
hrtimers: Move SMP function call to thread context
clocksource: Reselect clocksource when watchdog validated high-res capability
posix-cpu-timers: don't account cpu timer after stopped thread runtime accounting
posix_timers: fix racy timer delta caching on task exit
posix-timers: correctly get dying task time sample in posix_cpu_timer_schedule()
selftests: add basic posix timers selftests
posix_cpu_timers: consolidate expired timers check
posix_cpu_timers: consolidate timer list cleanups
posix_cpu_timer: consolidate expiry time type
tick: Sanitize broadcast control logic
tick: Prevent uncontrolled switch to oneshot mode
tick: Make oneshot broadcast robust vs. CPU offlining
x86: xen: Sync the CMOS RTC as well as the Xen wallclock
x86: xen: Sync the wallclock when the system time is set
timekeeping: Indicate that clock was set in the pvclock gtod notifier
timekeeping: Pass flags instead of multiple bools to timekeeping_update()
xen: Remove clock_was_set() call in the resume path
hrtimers: Support resuming with two or more CPUs online (but stopped)
timer: Fix jiffies wrap behavior of round_jiffies_common()
...
do_one_initcall() uses a 64 byte string buffer to save a message. This
buffer is declared static and is only used at boot up and when a module
is loaded. As 64 bytes is very small, and this function has very limited
scope, there's no reason to waste permanent memory with this string and
not just simply put it on the stack.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Nothing about the sched_clock implementation in the ARM port is
specific to the architecture. Generalize the code so that other
architectures can use it by selecting GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
[jstultz: Merge minor collisions with other patches in my tree]
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
The current scheme of using the timer tick was fine for per-thread
events. However, it was causing bias issues in system-wide mode
(including for uncore PMUs). Event groups would not get their fair
share of runtime on the PMU. With tickless kernels, if a core is idle
there is no timer tick, and thus no event rotation (multiplexing).
However, there are events (especially uncore events) which do count
even though cores are asleep.
This patch changes the timer source for multiplexing. It introduces a
per-PMU per-cpu hrtimer. The advantage is that even when a core goes
idle, it will come back to service the hrtimer, thus multiplexing on
system-wide events works much better.
The per-PMU implementation (suggested by PeterZ) enables adjusting the
multiplexing interval per PMU. The preferred interval is stashed into
the struct pmu. If not set, it will be forced to the default interval
value.
In order to minimize the impact of the hrtimer, it is turned on and
off on demand. When the PMU on a CPU is overcommited, the hrtimer is
activated. It is stopped when the PMU is not overcommitted.
In order for this to work properly, we had to change the order of
initialization in start_kernel() such that hrtimer_init() is run
before perf_event_init().
The default interval in milliseconds is set to a timer tick just like
with the old code. We will provide a sysctl to tune this in another
patch.
Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1364991694-5876-2-git-send-email-eranian@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull 'full dynticks' support from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree from Frederic Weisbecker adds a new, (exciting! :-) core
kernel feature to the timer and scheduler subsystems: 'full dynticks',
or CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y.
This feature extends the nohz variable-size timer tick feature from
idle to busy CPUs (running at most one task) as well, potentially
reducing the number of timer interrupts significantly.
This feature got motivated by real-time folks and the -rt tree, but
the general utility and motivation of full-dynticks runs wider than
that:
- HPC workloads get faster: CPUs running a single task should be able
to utilize a maximum amount of CPU power. A periodic timer tick at
HZ=1000 can cause a constant overhead of up to 1.0%. This feature
removes that overhead - and speeds up the system by 0.5%-1.0% on
typical distro configs even on modern systems.
- Real-time workload latency reduction: CPUs running critical tasks
should experience as little jitter as possible. The last remaining
source of kernel-related jitter was the periodic timer tick.
- A single task executing on a CPU is a pretty common situation,
especially with an increasing number of cores/CPUs, so this feature
helps desktop and mobile workloads as well.
The cost of the feature is mainly related to increased timer
reprogramming overhead when a CPU switches its tick period, and thus
slightly longer to-idle and from-idle latency.
Configuration-wise a third mode of operation is added to the existing
two NOHZ kconfig modes:
- CONFIG_HZ_PERIODIC: [formerly !CONFIG_NO_HZ], now explicitly named
as a config option. This is the traditional Linux periodic tick
design: there's a HZ tick going on all the time, regardless of
whether a CPU is idle or not.
- CONFIG_NO_HZ_IDLE: [formerly CONFIG_NO_HZ=y], this turns off the
periodic tick when a CPU enters idle mode.
- CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL: this new mode, in addition to turning off the
tick when a CPU is idle, also slows the tick down to 1 Hz (one
timer interrupt per second) when only a single task is running on a
CPU.
The .config behavior is compatible: existing !CONFIG_NO_HZ and
CONFIG_NO_HZ=y settings get translated to the new values, without the
user having to configure anything. CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL is turned off by
default.
This feature is based on a lot of infrastructure work that has been
steadily going upstream in the last 2-3 cycles: related RCU support
and non-periodic cputime support in particular is upstream already.
This tree adds the final pieces and activates the feature. The pull
request is marked RFC because:
- it's marked 64-bit only at the moment - the 32-bit support patch is
small but did not get ready in time.
- it has a number of fresh commits that came in after the merge
window. The overwhelming majority of commits are from before the
merge window, but still some aspects of the tree are fresh and so I
marked it RFC.
- it's a pretty wide-reaching feature with lots of effects - and
while the components have been in testing for some time, the full
combination is still not very widely used. That it's default-off
should reduce its regression abilities and obviously there are no
known regressions with CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y enabled either.
- the feature is not completely idempotent: there is no 100%
equivalent replacement for a periodic scheduler/timer tick. In
particular there's ongoing work to map out and reduce its effects
on scheduler load-balancing and statistics. This should not impact
correctness though, there are no known regressions related to this
feature at this point.
- it's a pretty ambitious feature that with time will likely be
enabled by most Linux distros, and we'd like you to make input on
its design/implementation, if you dislike some aspect we missed.
Without flaming us to crisp! :-)
Future plans:
- there's ongoing work to reduce 1Hz to 0Hz, to essentially shut off
the periodic tick altogether when there's a single busy task on a
CPU. We'd first like 1 Hz to be exposed more widely before we go
for the 0 Hz target though.
- once we reach 0 Hz we can remove the periodic tick assumption from
nr_running>=2 as well, by essentially interrupting busy tasks only
as frequently as the sched_latency constraints require us to do -
once every 4-40 msecs, depending on nr_running.
I am personally leaning towards biting the bullet and doing this in
v3.10, like the -rt tree this effort has been going on for too long -
but the final word is up to you as usual.
More technical details can be found in Documentation/timers/NO_HZ.txt"
* 'timers-nohz-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (39 commits)
sched: Keep at least 1 tick per second for active dynticks tasks
rcu: Fix full dynticks' dependency on wide RCU nocb mode
nohz: Protect smp_processor_id() in tick_nohz_task_switch()
nohz_full: Add documentation.
cputime_nsecs: use math64.h for nsec resolution conversion helpers
nohz: Select VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN from full dynticks config
nohz: Reduce overhead under high-freq idling patterns
nohz: Remove full dynticks' superfluous dependency on RCU tree
nohz: Fix unavailable tick_stop tracepoint in dynticks idle
nohz: Add basic tracing
nohz: Select wide RCU nocb for full dynticks
nohz: Disable the tick when irq resume in full dynticks CPU
nohz: Re-evaluate the tick for the new task after a context switch
nohz: Prepare to stop the tick on irq exit
nohz: Implement full dynticks kick
nohz: Re-evaluate the tick from the scheduler IPI
sched: New helper to prevent from stopping the tick in full dynticks
sched: Kick full dynticks CPU that have more than one task enqueued.
perf: New helper to prevent full dynticks CPUs from stopping tick
perf: Kick full dynticks CPU if events rotation is needed
...
The full dynticks tree needs the latest RCU and sched
upstream updates in order to fix some dependencies.
Merge a common upstream merge point that has these
updates.
Conflicts:
include/linux/perf_event.h
kernel/rcutree.h
kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Commit f91eb62f71 ("init: scream bloody murder if interrupts are
enabled too early") added three new warnings. The first two seemed
reasonable, but the third included a warning when an initcall returned
non-zero. Although, the third WARN() does include an imbalanced preempt
disabled, or irqs disable, it shouldn't warn if it only had an initcall
that just returns non-zero.
In fact, according to Linus, it shouldn't print at all. As it only
prints with initcall_debug set, and that already shows enough
information to fix things.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFzaBC5SFi7=F2mfm+KWY5qTsBmOqgbbs8E+LUS8JK-sBg@mail.gmail.com
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Reported-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull core timer updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle's merge are:
- Implement shadow timekeeper to shorten in kernel reader side
blocking, by Thomas Gleixner.
- Posix timers enhancements by Pavel Emelyanov:
- allocate timer ID per process, so that exact timer ID allocations
can be re-created be checkpoint/restore code.
- debuggability and tooling (/proc/PID/timers, etc.) improvements.
- suspend/resume enhancements by Feng Tang: on certain new Intel Atom
processors (Penwell and Cloverview), there is a feature that the
TSC won't stop in S3 state, so the TSC value won't be reset to 0
after resume. This can be taken advantage of by the generic via
the CLOCK_SOURCE_SUSPEND_NONSTOP flag: instead of using the RTC to
recover/approximate sleep time, the main (and precise) clocksource
can be used.
- Fix /proc/timer_list for 4096 CPUs by Nathan Zimmer: on so many
CPUs the file goes beyond 4MB of size and thus the current
simplistic seqfile approach fails. Convert /proc/timer_list to a
proper seq_file with its own iterator.
- Cleanups and refactorings of the core timekeeping code by John
Stultz.
- International Atomic Clock time is managed by the NTP code
internally currently but not exposed externally. Separate the TAI
code out and add CLOCK_TAI support and TAI support to the hrtimer
and posix-timer code, by John Stultz.
- Add deep idle support enhacement to the broadcast clockevents core
timer code, by Daniel Lezcano: add an opt-in CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_DYNIRQ
clockevents feature (which will be utilized by future clockevents
driver updates), which allows the use of IRQ affinities to avoid
spurious wakeups of idle CPUs - the right CPU with an expiring
timer will be woken.
- Add new ARM bcm281xx clocksource driver, by Christian Daudt
- ... various other fixes and cleanups"
* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (52 commits)
clockevents: Set dummy handler on CPU_DEAD shutdown
timekeeping: Update tk->cycle_last in resume
posix-timers: Remove unused variable
clockevents: Switch into oneshot mode even if broadcast registered late
timer_list: Convert timer list to be a proper seq_file
timer_list: Split timer_list_show_tickdevices
posix-timers: Show sigevent info in proc file
posix-timers: Introduce /proc/PID/timers file
posix timers: Allocate timer id per process (v2)
timekeeping: Make sure to notify hrtimers when TAI offset changes
hrtimer: Fix ktime_add_ns() overflow on 32bit architectures
hrtimer: Add expiry time overflow check in hrtimer_interrupt
timekeeping: Shorten seq_count region
timekeeping: Implement a shadow timekeeper
timekeeping: Delay update of clock->cycle_last
timekeeping: Store cycle_last value in timekeeper struct as well
ntp: Remove ntp_lock, using the timekeeping locks to protect ntp state
timekeeping: Simplify tai updating from do_adjtimex
timekeeping: Hold timekeepering locks in do_adjtimex and hardpps
timekeeping: Move ADJ_SETOFFSET to top level do_adjtimex()
...
Pull SMP/hotplug changes from Ingo Molnar:
"This is a pretty large, multi-arch series unifying and generalizing
the various disjunct pieces of idle routines that architectures have
historically copied from each other and have grown in random, wildly
inconsistent and sometimes buggy directions:
101 files changed, 455 insertions(+), 1328 deletions(-)
this went through a number of review and test iterations before it was
committed, it was tested on various architectures, was exposed to
linux-next for quite some time - nevertheless it might cause problems
on architectures that don't read the mailing lists and don't regularly
test linux-next.
This cat herding excercise was motivated by the -rt kernel, and was
brought to you by Thomas "the Whip" Gleixner."
* 'smp-hotplug-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (40 commits)
idle: Remove GENERIC_IDLE_LOOP config switch
um: Use generic idle loop
ia64: Make sure interrupts enabled when we "safe_halt()"
sparc: Use generic idle loop
idle: Remove unused ARCH_HAS_DEFAULT_IDLE
bfin: Fix typo in arch_cpu_idle()
xtensa: Use generic idle loop
x86: Use generic idle loop
unicore: Use generic idle loop
tile: Use generic idle loop
tile: Enter idle with preemption disabled
sh: Use generic idle loop
score: Use generic idle loop
s390: Use generic idle loop
powerpc: Use generic idle loop
parisc: Use generic idle loop
openrisc: Use generic idle loop
mn10300: Use generic idle loop
mips: Use generic idle loop
microblaze: Use generic idle loop
...
Also enables cleanup of some 80-col trickery.
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If the kernel was booted with the "quiet" boot option we have currently no
chance to see why an initrd fails. Change KERN_WARNING to KERN_ERR to see
what is going on.
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As I was testing a lot of my code recently, and having several
"successes", I accidentally noticed in the dmesg this little line:
start_kernel(): bug: interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it
Sure enough, one of my patches two commits ago enabled interrupts early.
The sad part here is that I never noticed it, and I ran several tests with
ktest too, and ktest did not notice this line.
What ktest looks for (and so does many other automated testing scripts) is
a back trace produced by a WARN_ON() or BUG(). As a back trace was never
produced, my buggy patch could have slipped into linux-next, or even
worse, mainline.
Adding a WARN(!irqs_disabled()) makes this bug a little more obvious:
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
__ex_table already sorted, skipping sort
Checking aperture...
No AGP bridge found
Calgary: detecting Calgary via BIOS EBDA area
Calgary: Unable to locate Rio Grande table in EBDA - bailing!
Memory: 2003252k/2054848k available (4857k kernel code, 460k absent, 51136k reserved, 6210k data, 1096k init)
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at /home/rostedt/work/git/linux-trace.git/init/main.c:543 start_kernel+0x21e/0x415()
Hardware name: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it
Modules linked in:
Pid: 0, comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 3.8.0-test+ #286
Call Trace:
warn_slowpath_common+0x83/0x9b
warn_slowpath_fmt+0x46/0x48
start_kernel+0x21e/0x415
x86_64_start_reservations+0x10e/0x112
x86_64_start_kernel+0x102/0x111
---[ end trace 007d8b0491b4f5d8 ]---
Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=4.
NR_IRQS:4352 nr_irqs:712 16
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
console [ttyS0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
Do you see it?
The original version of this patch just slapped a WARN_ON() in there and
kept the printk(). Ard van Breemen suggested using the WARN() interface,
which makes the code a bit cleaner.
Also, while examining other warnings in init/main.c, I found two other
locations that deserve a bloody murder scream if their conditions are hit,
and updated them accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ard van Breemen <ard@telegraafnet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We need full dynticks CPU to also be RCU nocb so
that we don't have to keep the tick to handle RCU
callbacks.
Make sure the range passed to nohz_full= boot
parameter is a subset of rcu_nocbs=
The CPUs that fail to meet this requirement will be
excluded from the nohz_full range. This is checked
early in boot time, before any CPU has the opportunity
to stop its tick.
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Hakan Akkan <hakanakkan@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
For now this calls cpu_idle(), but in the long run we want to move the
cpu bringup code to the core and therefor we add a state argument.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130321215233.583190032@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
To convert the clockevents code to cpumask_var_t we need to move the
init call after the allocator setup.
Clockevents are earliest registered from time_init() as they need
interrupts being set up, so this is safe.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130306111537.304379448@linutronix.de
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Pull async changes from Tejun Heo:
"These are followups for the earlier deadlock issue involving async
ending up waiting for itself through block requesting module[1]. The
following changes are made by these commits.
- Instead of requesting default elevator on each request_queue init,
block now requests it once early during boot.
- Kmod triggers warning if invoked from an async worker.
- Async synchronization implementation has been reimplemented. It's
a lot simpler now."
* 'for-3.9-async' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
async: initialise list heads to fix crash
async: replace list of active domains with global list of pending items
async: keep pending tasks on async_domain and remove async_pending
async: use ULLONG_MAX for infinity cookie value
async: bring sanity to the use of words domain and running
async, kmod: warn on synchronous request_module() from async workers
block: don't request module during elevator init
init, block: try to load default elevator module early during boot
Pull x86 fixes from Peter Anvin:
"This is a collection of miscellaneous fixes, the most important one is
the fix for the Samsung laptop bricking issue (auto-blacklisting the
samsung-laptop driver); the efi_enabled() changes you see below are
prerequisites for that fix.
The other issues fixed are booting on OLPC XO-1.5, an UV fix, NMI
debugging, and requiring CAP_SYS_RAWIO for MSR references, just as
with I/O port references."
* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
samsung-laptop: Disable on EFI hardware
efi: Make 'efi_enabled' a function to query EFI facilities
smp: Fix SMP function call empty cpu mask race
x86/msr: Add capabilities check
x86/dma-debug: Bump PREALLOC_DMA_DEBUG_ENTRIES
x86/olpc: Fix olpc-xo1-sci.c build errors
arch/x86/platform/uv: Fix incorrect tlb flush all issue
x86-64: Fix unwind annotations in recent NMI changes
x86-32: Start out cr0 clean, disable paging before modifying cr3/4
Originally 'efi_enabled' indicated whether a kernel was booted from
EFI firmware. Over time its semantics have changed, and it now
indicates whether or not we are booted on an EFI machine with
bit-native firmware, e.g. 64-bit kernel with 64-bit firmware.
The immediate motivation for this patch is the bug report at,
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cdimage/+bug/1040557
which details how running a platform driver on an EFI machine that is
designed to run under BIOS can cause the machine to become
bricked. Also, the following report,
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47121
details how running said driver can also cause Machine Check
Exceptions. Drivers need a new means of detecting whether they're
running on an EFI machine, as sadly the expression,
if (!efi_enabled)
hasn't been a sufficient condition for quite some time.
Users actually want to query 'efi_enabled' for different reasons -
what they really want access to is the list of available EFI
facilities.
For instance, the x86 reboot code needs to know whether it can invoke
the ResetSystem() function provided by the EFI runtime services, while
the ACPI OSL code wants to know whether the EFI config tables were
mapped successfully. There are also checks in some of the platform
driver code to simply see if they're running on an EFI machine (which
would make it a bad idea to do BIOS-y things).
This patch is a prereq for the samsung-laptop fix patch.
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Corentin Chary <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Cc: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: Steve Langasek <steve.langasek@canonical.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad@kernel.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
This patch adds default module loading and uses it to load the default
block elevator. During boot, it's called right after initramfs or
initrd is made available and right before control is passed to
userland. This ensures that as long as the modules are available in
the usual places in initramfs, initrd or the root filesystem, the
default modules are loaded as soon as possible.
This will replace the on-demand elevator module loading from elevator
init path.
v2: Fixed build breakage when !CONFIG_BLOCK. Reported by kbuild test
robot.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>
Cc: Fengguang We <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Commit d6b2123802 "make sure that we always have a return path from
kernel_execve()" reshuffled kernel_init()/init_post() to ensure that
kernel_execve() has a caller to return to.
It removed __init annotation for kernel_init() and introduced/calls a
new routine kernel_init_freeable(). Latter however is inlined by any
reasonable compiler (ARC gcc 4.4 in this case), causing slight code
bloat.
This patch forces kernel_init_freeable() as noinline reducing the .text
bloat-o-meter vmlinux vmlinux_new
add/remove: 1/0 grow/shrink: 0/1 up/down: 374/-334 (40)
function old new delta
kernel_init_freeable - 374 +374 (.init.text)
kernel_init 628 294 -334 (.text)
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull signal handling cleanups from Al Viro:
"sigaltstack infrastructure + conversion for x86, alpha and um,
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE infrastructure.
Note that there are several conflicts between "unify
SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions" and UAPI patches in mainline;
resolution is trivial - just remove definitions of SS_ONSTACK and
SS_DISABLED from arch/*/uapi/asm/signal.h; they are all identical and
include/uapi/linux/signal.h contains the unified variant."
Fixed up conflicts as per Al.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
alpha: switch to generic sigaltstack
new helpers: __save_altstack/__compat_save_altstack, switch x86 and um to those
generic compat_sys_sigaltstack()
introduce generic sys_sigaltstack(), switch x86 and um to it
new helper: compat_user_stack_pointer()
new helper: restore_altstack()
unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions
new helper: current_user_stack_pointer()
missing user_stack_pointer() instances
Bury the conditionals from kernel_thread/kernel_execve series
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE: infrastructure
All architectures have
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_THREAD
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_EXECVE
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_EXECVE
None of them have __ARCH_WANT_KERNEL_EXECVE and there are only two callers
of kernel_execve() (which is a trivial wrapper for do_execve() now) left.
Kill the conditionals and make both callers use do_execve().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull user namespace changes from Eric Biederman:
"While small this set of changes is very significant with respect to
containers in general and user namespaces in particular. The user
space interface is now complete.
This set of changes adds support for unprivileged users to create user
namespaces and as a user namespace root to create other namespaces.
The tyranny of supporting suid root preventing unprivileged users from
using cool new kernel features is broken.
This set of changes completes the work on setns, adding support for
the pid, user, mount namespaces.
This set of changes includes a bunch of basic pid namespace
cleanups/simplifications. Of particular significance is the rework of
the pid namespace cleanup so it no longer requires sending out
tendrils into all kinds of unexpected cleanup paths for operation. At
least one case of broken error handling is fixed by this cleanup.
The files under /proc/<pid>/ns/ have been converted from regular files
to magic symlinks which prevents incorrect caching by the VFS,
ensuring the files always refer to the namespace the process is
currently using and ensuring that the ptrace_mayaccess permission
checks are always applied.
The files under /proc/<pid>/ns/ have been given stable inode numbers
so it is now possible to see if different processes share the same
namespaces.
Through the David Miller's net tree are changes to relax many of the
permission checks in the networking stack to allowing the user
namespace root to usefully use the networking stack. Similar changes
for the mount namespace and the pid namespace are coming through my
tree.
Two small changes to add user namespace support were commited here adn
in David Miller's -net tree so that I could complete the work on the
/proc/<pid>/ns/ files in this tree.
Work remains to make it safe to build user namespaces and 9p, afs,
ceph, cifs, coda, gfs2, ncpfs, nfs, nfsd, ocfs2, and xfs so the
Kconfig guard remains in place preventing that user namespaces from
being built when any of those filesystems are enabled.
Future design work remains to allow root users outside of the initial
user namespace to mount more than just /proc and /sys."
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (38 commits)
proc: Usable inode numbers for the namespace file descriptors.
proc: Fix the namespace inode permission checks.
proc: Generalize proc inode allocation
userns: Allow unprivilged mounts of proc and sysfs
userns: For /proc/self/{uid,gid}_map derive the lower userns from the struct file
procfs: Print task uids and gids in the userns that opened the proc file
userns: Implement unshare of the user namespace
userns: Implent proc namespace operations
userns: Kill task_user_ns
userns: Make create_new_namespaces take a user_ns parameter
userns: Allow unprivileged use of setns.
userns: Allow unprivileged users to create new namespaces
userns: Allow setting a userns mapping to your current uid.
userns: Allow chown and setgid preservation
userns: Allow unprivileged users to create user namespaces.
userns: Ignore suid and sgid on binaries if the uid or gid can not be mapped
userns: fix return value on mntns_install() failure
vfs: Allow unprivileged manipulation of the mount namespace.
vfs: Only support slave subtrees across different user namespaces
vfs: Add a user namespace reference from struct mnt_namespace
...
This reverts commit bd52276fa1 ("x86-64/efi: Use EFI to deal with
platform wall clock (again)"), and the two supporting commits:
da5a108d05: "x86/kernel: remove tboot 1:1 page table creation code"
185034e72d: "x86, efi: 1:1 pagetable mapping for virtual EFI calls")
as they all depend semantically on commit 53b87cf088 ("x86, mm:
Include the entire kernel memory map in trampoline_pgd") that got
reverted earlier due to the problems it caused.
This was pointed out by Yinghai Lu, and verified by me on my Macbook Air
that uses EFI.
Pointed-out-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull x86 EFI update from Peter Anvin:
"EFI tree, from Matt Fleming. Most of the patches are the new efivarfs
filesystem by Matt Garrett & co. The balance are support for EFI
wallclock in the absence of a hardware-specific driver, and various
fixes and cleanups."
* 'core-efi-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (24 commits)
efivarfs: Make efivarfs_fill_super() static
x86, efi: Check table header length in efi_bgrt_init()
efivarfs: Use query_variable_info() to limit kmalloc()
efivarfs: Fix return value of efivarfs_file_write()
efivarfs: Return a consistent error when efivarfs_get_inode() fails
efivarfs: Make 'datasize' unsigned long
efivarfs: Add unique magic number
efivarfs: Replace magic number with sizeof(attributes)
efivarfs: Return an error if we fail to read a variable
efi: Clarify GUID length calculations
efivarfs: Implement exclusive access for {get,set}_variable
efivarfs: efivarfs_fill_super() ensure we clean up correctly on error
efivarfs: efivarfs_fill_super() ensure we free our temporary name
efivarfs: efivarfs_fill_super() fix inode reference counts
efivarfs: efivarfs_create() ensure we drop our reference on inode on error
efivarfs: efivarfs_file_read ensure we free data in error paths
x86-64/efi: Use EFI to deal with platform wall clock (again)
x86/kernel: remove tboot 1:1 page table creation code
x86, efi: 1:1 pagetable mapping for virtual EFI calls
x86, mm: Include the entire kernel memory map in trampoline_pgd
...
N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.
The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Instead of setting child_reaper and SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE one way
for the system init process, and another way for pid namespace
init processes test pid->nr == 1 and use the same code for both.
For the global init this results in SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE being set
much earlier in the initialization process.
This is a small cleanup and it paves the way for allowing unshare and
enter of the pid namespace as that path like our global init also will
not set CLONE_NEWPID.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
gcc-4.1.2 inlines weak functions, which causes FRV to fail when the dummy
thread_info_cache_init() gets inlined into start_kernel().
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Other than ix86, x86-64 on EFI so far didn't set the
{g,s}et_wallclock accessors to the EFI routines, thus
incorrectly using raw RTC accesses instead.
Simply removing the #ifdef around the respective code isn't
enough, however: While so far early get-time calls were done in
physical mode, this doesn't work properly for x86-64, as virtual
addresses would still need to be set up for all runtime regions
(which wasn't the case on the system I have access to), so
instead the patch moves the call to efi_enter_virtual_mode()
ahead (which in turn allows to drop all code related to calling
efi-get-time in physical mode).
Additionally the earlier calling of efi_set_executable()
requires the CPA code to cope, i.e. during early boot it must be
avoided to call cpa_flush_array(), as the first thing this
function does is a BUG_ON(irqs_disabled()).
Also make the two EFI functions in question here static -
they're not being referenced elsewhere.
History:
This commit was originally merged as bacef661ac ("x86-64/efi:
Use EFI to deal with platform wall clock") but it resulted in some
ASUS machines no longer booting due to a firmware bug, and so was
reverted in f026cfa82f. A pre-emptive fix for the buggy ASUS
firmware was merged in 03a1c254975e ("x86, efi: 1:1 pagetable
mapping for virtual EFI calls") so now this patch can be
reapplied.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Tested-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com> [added commit history]
Pull third pile of kernel_execve() patches from Al Viro:
"The last bits of infrastructure for kernel_thread() et.al., with
alpha/arm/x86 use of those. Plus sanitizing the asm glue and
do_notify_resume() on alpha, fixing the "disabled irq while running
task_work stuff" breakage there.
At that point the rest of kernel_thread/kernel_execve/sys_execve work
can be done independently for different architectures. The only
pending bits that do depend on having all architectures converted are
restrictred to fs/* and kernel/* - that'll obviously have to wait for
the next cycle.
I thought we'd have to wait for all of them done before we start
eliminating the longjump-style insanity in kernel_execve(), but it
turned out there's a very simple way to do that without flagday-style
changes."
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
alpha: switch to saner kernel_execve() semantics
arm: switch to saner kernel_execve() semantics
x86, um: convert to saner kernel_execve() semantics
infrastructure for saner ret_from_kernel_thread semantics
make sure that kernel_thread() callbacks call do_exit() themselves
make sure that we always have a return path from kernel_execve()
ppc: eeh_event should just use kthread_run()
don't bother with kernel_thread/kernel_execve for launching linuxrc
alpha: get rid of switch_stack argument of do_work_pending()
alpha: don't bother passing switch_stack separately from regs
alpha: take SIGPENDING/NOTIFY_RESUME loop into signal.c
alpha: simplify TIF_NEED_RESCHED handling
