Impact: clean up assembly macros and annotations - with some object impact
entry_64.S is the only user of KPROBE_ENTRY / KPROBE_END on
x86_64. This patch reorders entry_64.S and explicitly generates
a separate section for functions that need the protection. The
generated code before and after the patch is equal.
Implicitly changing sections in assembly files makes it more
difficult to follow why the assembler is doing certain things.
For example,
.p2align 5
KPROBE_ENTRY(...)
was not doing what you would expect. Other section changes
(__ex_table, .fixup, .init.rodata) are done explicitly already.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: move some code out of .kprobes.text
KPROBE_ENTRY switches code generation to .kprobes.text, and KPROBE_END
uses .popsection to get back to the previous section (.text, normally).
Also replace ENDPROC by END, for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup of entry_64.S
Except for the order and the place of the functions, this
patch should not change the generated code.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
Move recently introduced dwarf2 macros to dwarf2.h file.
It allow us to not duplicate them in assembly files.
Active usage of _cfi macros don't make assembly files
more obvious to understand but we already have a lot of
macros there which requires to search the definitions
of them *anyway*. But at least it make every cfi usage
one line shorter.
Also some code alignment is done.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix bootup crash
Even though it tested fine for me, there was still a bug in the
first patch: I have overlooked a call to ptregscall_common. This
patch fixes that, I think, but the code is never executed for
me while running a debian install... (I tested this by putting
an "1:jmp 1b" in there.)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)/TRACE_IRQS_OFF is now always
executed just before paranoid_exit. Move it there.
Split out paranoidzeroentry, paranoiderrorentry, and
paranoidzeroentry_ist to get more readable macro's.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup, shrink kernel image size
Also expand the paranoid_exit0 macro into nmi_exit inside the
nmi stub in the case of enabled irq-tracing.
This gives a few hundred bytes code size reduction.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
The save_rest function completes a partial stack frame for use
by the PTREGSCALL macro. This also avoids the indirect call in
PTREGSCALLs.
This adds the macro movq_cfi_restore to hide the CFI_RESTORE
annotation when restoring a register from the stack frame.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: build fix
The break builds with older binutils (2.16.1):
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S: Assembler messages:
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:282: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:283: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:284: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:285: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:286: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:287: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:288: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:289: Error: too many positional arguments
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:290: Error: too many positional arguments
Took some time to figure out the detail that GAS chokes on: it's
negative offsets. Rearrange the calculations to make sure we never
go negative.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This add-on patch to x86: move entry_64.S register saving out
of the macros visually cleans up the appearance of the code by
introducing some basic helper macro's. It also adds some cfi
annotations which were missing.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Here is a combined patch that moves "save_args" out-of-line for
the interrupt macro and moves "error_entry" mostly out-of-line
for the zeroentry and errorentry macros.
The save_args function becomes really straightforward and easy
to understand, with the possible exception of the stack switch
code, which now needs to copy the return address of to the
calling function. Normal interrupts arrive with ((~vector)-0x80)
on the stack, which gets adjusted in common_interrupt:
<common_interrupt>:
(5) addq $0xffffffffffffff80,(%rsp) /* -> ~(vector) */
(4) sub $0x50,%rsp /* space for registers */
(5) callq ffffffff80211290 <save_args>
(5) callq ffffffff80214290 <do_IRQ>
<ret_from_intr>:
...
An apic interrupt stub now look like this:
<thermal_interrupt>:
(5) pushq $0xffffffffffffff05 /* ~(vector) */
(4) sub $0x50,%rsp /* space for registers */
(5) callq ffffffff80211290 <save_args>
(5) callq ffffffff80212b8f <smp_thermal_interrupt>
(5) jmpq ffffffff80211f93 <ret_from_intr>
Similarly the exception handler register saving function becomes
simpler, without the need of any parameter shuffling. The stub
for an exception without errorcode looks like this:
<overflow>:
(6) callq *0x1cad12(%rip) # ffffffff803dd448 <pv_irq_ops+0x38>
(2) pushq $0xffffffffffffffff /* no syscall */
(4) sub $0x78,%rsp /* space for registers */
(5) callq ffffffff8030e3b0 <error_entry>
(3) mov %rsp,%rdi /* pt_regs pointer */
(2) xor %esi,%esi /* no error code */
(5) callq ffffffff80213446 <do_overflow>
(5) jmpq ffffffff8030e460 <error_exit>
And one for an exception with errorcode like this:
<segment_not_present>:
(6) callq *0x1cab92(%rip) # ffffffff803dd448 <pv_irq_ops+0x38>
(4) sub $0x78,%rsp /* space for registers */
(5) callq ffffffff8030e3b0 <error_entry>
(3) mov %rsp,%rdi /* pt_regs pointer */
(5) mov 0x78(%rsp),%rsi /* load error code */
(9) movq $0xffffffffffffffff,0x78(%rsp) /* no syscall */
(5) callq ffffffff80213209 <do_segment_not_present>
(5) jmpq ffffffff8030e460 <error_exit>
Unfortunately, this last type is more than 32 bytes. But the total space
savings due to this patch is about 2500 bytes on an smp-configuration,
and I think the code is clearer than it was before. The tested kernels
were non-paravirt ones (i.e., without the indirect call at the top of
the exception handlers).
Anyhow, I tested this patch on top of a recent -tip. The machine
was an 2x4-core Xeon at 2333MHz. Measured where the delays between
(almost-)adjacent rdtsc instructions. The graphs show how much
time is spent outside of the program as a function of the measured
delay. The area under the graph represents the total time spent
outside the program. Eight instances of the rdtsctest were
started, each pinned to a single cpu. The histogams are added.
For each kernel two measurements were done: one in mostly idle
condition, the other while running "bonnie++ -f", bound to cpu 0.
Each measurement took 40 minutes runtime. See the attached graphs
for the results. The graphs overlap almost everywhere, but there
are small differences.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
All blame goes to: color white,red "[^[:graph:]]+$"
in .nanorc ;).
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: Fix interrupt via the apicinterrupt macro
Checkin 939b787130 changed the
"interrupt" macro, but the "interrupt" macro is also invoked
indirectly from the "apicinterrupt" macro.
The "apicinterrupt" macro probably should have its own collection of
systematic stubs for the same reason the main IRQ code does; as is it
is a huge amount of replicated code.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Older versions of gas don't implement the C-style != operator, they
instead want the Pascal-style <> operator. Change != to <> so we
don't break compilation with those old versions of gas.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Move the IRQ stub generation to assembly to simplify it and for
consistency with 32 bits. Doing it in a C file with asm() statements
doesn't help clarity, and it prevents some optimizations.
Shrink the IRQ stubs down to just over four bytes per (we fit seven
into a 32-byte chunk.) This shrinks the total icache consumption of
the IRQ stubs down to an even kilobyte, if all of them are in active
use.
The downside is that we end up with a double jump, which could have a
negative effect on some pipelines. The double jump is always inside
the same cacheline on any modern chips.
To get the most effect, cache-align the IRQ stubs.
This makes the 64-bit code match changes already done to the 32-bit
code, and should open up irqinit*.c for unification.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Due to confusion between the ftrace infrastructure and the gcc profiling
tracer "ftrace", this patch renames the config options from FTRACE to
FUNCTION_TRACER. The other two names that are offspring from FTRACE
DYNAMIC_FTRACE and FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD will stay the same.
This patch was generated mostly by script, and partially by hand.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
x86 now sets up the mcount locations through the build and no longer
needs to record the ip when the function is executed. This patch changes
the initial mcount to simply return. There's no need to do any other work.
If the ftrace start up test fails, the original mcount will be what everything
will use, so having this as fast as possible is a good thing.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Mark the exception handlers with "dotraplinkage" to hide the
calling convention differences between i386 and x86_64.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add TRACE_IRQS_OFF just before entering the C code.
All exceptions are taken via interrupt gates. If irq tracing is
enabled, it should be notified as soon as possible. Interrupts
are only (conditionally) re-enabled in C code.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add TRACE_IRQS_OFF just before entering the C code.
All exceptions are taken via interrupt gates. If irq tracing is
enabled, it should be notified as soon as possible. Interrupts
are only (conditionally) re-enabled in C code.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Save rbp twice: One is for marking the stack frame, as usual (already
there), and the other, to fill pt_regs properly. This is because bx
comes right before the last saved register in that structure, and not
bp. If the base pointer were in the place bx is today, this would not
be needed.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET dwarf2 annotation of a push/popf
pair in ret_from_fork wrongly used a value of 4. It should
have been 8. Fix that.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: heukelum@fastmail.fm
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This adds fast paths for 32-bit syscall entry and exit when
TIF_SYSCALL_AUDIT is set, but no other kind of syscall tracing.
These paths does not need to save and restore all registers as
the general case of tracing does. Avoiding the iret return path
when syscall audit is enabled helps performance a lot.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
This adds a fast path for 64-bit syscall entry and exit when
TIF_SYSCALL_AUDIT is set, but no other kind of syscall tracing.
This path does not need to save and restore all registers as
the general case of tracing does. Avoiding the iret return path
when syscall audit is enabled helps performance a lot.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
This short-circuit path in sysret_signal looks wrong to me.
AFAICT, in practice the branch is never taken--and if it were,
it would go wrong. To wit, try loading a module whose init
function does set_thread_flag(TIF_IRET), and see insmod crash
(presumably with a wrong user stack pointer).
This is because the FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK work hasn't been done yet
when we jump around the call to ptregscall_common and get to
int_with_check--where it expects the user RSP,SS,CS and EFLAGS to
have been stored by FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK.
I don't think it's normally possible to get to sysret_signal with no
_TIF_DO_NOTIFY_MASK bits set anyway, so these two instructions are
already superfluous. If it ever did happen, it is harmless to call
do_notify_resume with nothing for it to do.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
This unifies and cleans up the syscall tracing code on i386 and x86_64.
Using a single function for entry and exit tracing on 32-bit made the
do_syscall_trace() into some terrible spaghetti. The logic is clear and
simple using separate syscall_trace_enter() and syscall_trace_leave()
functions as on 64-bit.
The unification adds PTRACE_SYSEMU and PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP support
on x86_64, for 32-bit ptrace() callers and for 64-bit ptrace() callers
tracing either 32-bit or 64-bit tasks. It behaves just like 32-bit.
Changing syscall_trace_enter() to return the syscall number shortens
all the assembly paths, while adding the SYSEMU feature in a simple way.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Exceptions using paranoidentry need to have their exception frames
adjusted explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Implement the failsafe callback, so that iret and segment register
load exceptions are reported to the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
On three of the several paths in entry_64.S that call
do_notify_resume() on the way back to user mode, we fail to properly
check again for newly-arrived work that requires another call to
do_notify_resume() before going to user mode. These paths set the
mask to check only _TIF_NEED_RESCHED, but this is wrong. The other
paths that lead to do_notify_resume() do this correctly already, and
entry_32.S does it correctly in all cases.
All paths back to user mode have to check all the _TIF_WORK_MASK
flags at the last possible stage, with interrupts disabled.
Otherwise, we miss any flags (TIF_SIGPENDING for example) that were
set any time after we entered do_notify_resume(). More work flags
can be set (or left set) synchronously inside do_notify_resume(), as
TIF_SIGPENDING can be, or asynchronously by interrupts or other CPUs
(which then send an asynchronous interrupt).
There are many different scenarios that could hit this bug, most of
them races. The simplest one to demonstrate does not require any
race: when one signal has done handler setup at the check before
returning from a syscall, and there is another signal pending that
should be handled. The second signal's handler should interrupt the
first signal handler before it actually starts (so the interrupted PC
is still at the handler's entry point). Instead, it runs away until
the next kernel entry (next syscall, tick, etc).
This test behaves correctly on 32-bit kernels, and fails on 64-bit
(either 32-bit or 64-bit test binary). With this fix, it works.
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ucontext.h>
#ifndef REG_RIP
#define REG_RIP REG_EIP
#endif
static sig_atomic_t hit1, hit2;
static void
handler (int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx)
{
ucontext_t *uc = ctx;
if ((void *) uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP] == &handler)
{
if (sig == SIGUSR1)
hit1 = 1;
else
hit2 = 1;
}
printf ("%s at %#lx\n", strsignal (sig),
uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP]);
}
int
main (void)
{
struct sigaction sa;
sigset_t set;
sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);
sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
sa.sa_sigaction = &handler;
if (sigaction (SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL)
|| sigaction (SIGUSR2, &sa, NULL))
return 2;
sigemptyset (&set);
sigaddset (&set, SIGUSR1);
sigaddset (&set, SIGUSR2);
if (sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL))
return 3;
printf ("main at %p, handler at %p\n", &main, &handler);
raise (SIGUSR1);
raise (SIGUSR2);
if (sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &set, NULL))
return 4;
if (hit1 + hit2 == 1)
{
puts ("PASS");
return 0;
}
puts ("FAIL");
return 1;
}
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This is for consistency with i386.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
64-bit Xen pushes a couple of extra words onto an exception frame.
Add a hook to deal with them.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
In a 64-bit system, we need separate sysret/sysexit operations to
return to a 32-bit userspace.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citirx.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
There's no need to combine restoring the user rsp within the sysret
pvop, so split it out. This makes the pvop's semantics closer to the
machine instruction.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citirx.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Don't conflate sysret and sysexit; they're different instructions with
different semantics, and may be in use at the same time (at least
within the same kernel, depending on whether its an Intel or AMD
system).
sysexit - just return to userspace, does no register restoration of
any kind; must explicitly atomically enable interrupts.
sysret - reloads flags from r11, so no need to explicitly enable
interrupts on 64-bit, responsible for restoring usermode %gs
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citirx.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This is needed when the kernel is running on RING3, such as under Xen.
x86_64 has a weird feature that makes it #GP on iret when SS is a null
descriptor.
This need to be tested on bare metal to make sure it doesn't cause any
problems. AMD specs say SS is always ignored (except on iret?).
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
TLB shootdown for SGI UV.
Depends on patch (in tip/x86/irq):
x86-update-macros-used-by-uv-platform.patch Jack Steiner May 29
This patch provides the ability to flush TLB's in cpu's that are not on
the local node. The hardware mechanism for distributing the flush
messages is the UV's "broadcast assist unit".
The hook to intercept TLB shootdown requests is a 2-line change to
native_flush_tlb_others() (arch/x86/kernel/tlb_64.c).
This code has been tested on a hardware simulator. The real hardware
is not yet available.
The shootdown statistics are provided through /proc/sgi_uv/ptc_statistics.
The use of /sys was considered, but would have required the use of
many /sys files. The debugfs was also considered, but these statistics
should be available on an ongoing basis, not just for debugging.
Issues to be fixed later:
- The IRQ for the messaging interrupt is currently hardcoded as 200
(see UV_BAU_MESSAGE). It should be dynamically assigned in the future.
- The use of appropriate udelay()'s is untested, as they are a problem
in the simulator.
Signed-off-by: Cliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
From the code:
"B stepping K8s sometimes report an truncated RIP for IRET exceptions
returning to compat mode. Check for these here too."
The code then proceeds to truncate the upper 32 bits of %rbp. This means
that when do_page_fault() is finally called, its prologue,
do_page_fault:
push %rbp
movl %rsp, %rbp
will put the truncated base pointer on the stack. This means that the
stack tracer will not be able to follow the base-pointer changes and
will see all subsequent stack frames as unreliable.
This patch changes the code to use a different register (%rcx) for the
checking and leaves %rbp untouched.
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This converts x86, x86-64, and xen to use the new helpers for
smp_call_function() and friends, and adds support for
smp_call_function_single().
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Record the address of the mcount call-site. Currently all archs except sparc64
record the address of the instruction following the mcount call-site. Some
general cleanups are entailed. Storing mcount addresses in rec->ip enables
looking them up in the kprobe hash table later on to check if they're kprobe'd.
Signed-off-by: Abhishek Sagar <sagar.abhishek@gmail.com>
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Remove the not longer used handlers for reserved vectors.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
