Since commit 52df157f17 ("xfrm: take refcnt of dst when creating
struct xfrm_dst bundle") dst_destroy() returns only NULL and no caller
cares about the return value.
There are no in in-tree users of dst_destroy() outside of the file.
Make dst_destroy() static and return void.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240202163746.2489150-1-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
RTAX_FEATURE_ALLFRAG was added before the first git commit:
https://www.mail-archive.com/bk-commits-head@vger.kernel.org/msg03399.html
The feature would send packets to the fragmentation path if a box
receives a PMTU value with less than 1280 byte. However, since commit
9d289715eb ("ipv6: stop sending PTB packets for MTU < 1280"), such
message would be simply discarded. The feature flag is neither supported
in iproute2 utility. In theory one can still manipulate it with direct
netlink message, but it is not ideal because it was based on obsoleted
guidance of RFC-2460 (replaced by RFC-8200).
The feature would always test false at the moment, so remove related
code or mark them as unused.
Signed-off-by: Yan Zhai <yan@cloudflare.com>
Reviewed-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/d78e44dcd9968a252143ffe78460446476a472a1.1698156966.git.yan@cloudflare.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Since commit 1202cdd66531("Remove DECnet support from kernel") has been
merged, all callers pass in the initial_ref value of 1 when they call
dst_alloc(). Therefore, remove initial_ref when the dst_alloc() is
declared and replace initial_ref with 1 in dst_alloc().
Also when all callers call dst_init(), the value of initial_ref is 1.
Therefore, remove the input parameter initial_ref of the dst_init() and
replace initial_ref with the value 1 in dst_init.
Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230911125045.346390-1-shaozhengchao@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Under high contention dst_entry::__refcnt becomes a significant bottleneck.
atomic_inc_not_zero() is implemented with a cmpxchg() loop, which goes into
high retry rates on contention.
Switch the reference count to rcuref_t which results in a significant
performance gain. Rename the reference count member to __rcuref to reflect
the change.
The gain depends on the micro-architecture and the number of concurrent
operations and has been measured in the range of +25% to +130% with a
localhost memtier/memcached benchmark which amplifies the problem
massively.
Running the memtier/memcached benchmark over a real (1Gb) network
connection the conversion on top of the false sharing fix for struct
dst_entry::__refcnt results in a total gain in the 2%-5% range over the
upstream baseline.
Reported-by: Wangyang Guo <wangyang.guo@intel.com>
Reported-by: Arjan Van De Ven <arjan.van.de.ven@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230307125538.989175656@linutronix.de
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230323102800.215027837@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
dst_entry::__refcnt is highly contended in scenarios where many connections
happen from and to the same IP. The reference count is an atomic_t, so the
reference count operations have to take the cache-line exclusive.
Aside of the unavoidable reference count contention there is another
significant problem which is caused by that: False sharing.
perf top identified two affected read accesses. dst_entry::lwtstate and
rtable::rt_genid.
dst_entry:__refcnt is located at offset 64 of dst_entry, which puts it into
a seperate cacheline vs. the read mostly members located at the beginning
of the struct.
That prevents false sharing vs. the struct members in the first 64
bytes of the structure, but there is also
dst_entry::lwtstate
which is located after the reference count and in the same cache line. This
member is read after a reference count has been acquired.
struct rtable embeds a struct dst_entry at offset 0. struct dst_entry has a
size of 112 bytes, which means that the struct members of rtable which
follow the dst member share the same cache line as dst_entry::__refcnt.
Especially
rtable::rt_genid
is also read by the contexts which have a reference count acquired
already.
When dst_entry:__refcnt is incremented or decremented via an atomic
operation these read accesses stall. This was found when analysing the
memtier benchmark in 1:100 mode, which amplifies the problem extremly.
Move the rt[6i]_uncached[_list] members out of struct rtable and struct
rt6_info into struct dst_entry to provide padding and move the lwtstate
member after that so it ends up in the same cache line.
The resulting improvement depends on the micro-architecture and the number
of CPUs. It ranges from +20% to +120% with a localhost memtier/memcached
benchmark.
[ tglx: Rearrange struct ]
Signed-off-by: Wangyang Guo <wangyang.guo@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230323102800.042297517@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Long standing KCSAN issues are caused by data-race around
some dev->stats changes.
Most performance critical paths already use per-cpu
variables, or per-queue ones.
It is reasonable (and more correct) to use atomic operations
for the slow paths.
This patch adds an union for each field of net_device_stats,
so that we can convert paths that are not yet protected
by a spinlock or a mutex.
netdev_stats_to_stats64() no longer has an #if BITS_PER_LONG==64
Note that the memcpy() we were using on 64bit arches
had no provision to avoid load-tearing,
while atomic_long_read() is providing the needed protection
at no cost.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
All uses of dst_hold_and_use() have
been removed since commit 1202cdd665 ("Remove DECnet support
from kernel"), so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Gaosheng Cui <cuigaosheng1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
We want to track all dev_hold()/dev_put() to ease leak hunting.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Similar to the previous patch, but covering the dst field:
the slow_gro flag is additionally set when a dst is attached
to the skb
RFC -> v1:
- use the existing flag instead of adding a new one
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Move generic blackhole dst ops to the core and use them from both
ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops and ip6_dst_blackhole_ops where possible. No
functional change otherwise. We need these also in other locations
and having to define them over and over again is not great.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch avoids the indirect call for the common case:
ip6_dst_check and ipv4_dst_check
Signed-off-by: Brian Vazquez <brianvv@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
This patch avoids the indirect call for the common case:
ip6_mtu and ipv4_mtu
Signed-off-by: Brian Vazquez <brianvv@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
This patch avoids the indirect call for the common case:
ip6_output and ip_output
Signed-off-by: Brian Vazquez <brianvv@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
This patch avoids the indirect call for the common case:
ip_local_deliver and ip6_input
Signed-off-by: Brian Vazquez <brianvv@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Commit 394de110a7 ("net: Added pointer check for
dst->ops->neigh_lookup in dst_neigh_lookup_skb") added a test in
dst_neigh_lookup_skb() to avoid a NULL pointer dereference. The root
cause was the MPLS forwarding code, which doesn't call skb_dst_drop()
on incoming packets. That is, if the packet is received from a
collect_md device, it has a metadata_dst attached to it that doesn't
implement any dst_ops function.
To align the MPLS behaviour with IPv4 and IPv6, let's drop the dst in
mpls_forward(). This way, dst_neigh_lookup_skb() doesn't need to test
->neigh_lookup any more. Let's keep a WARN condition though, to
document the precondition and to ease detection of such problems in the
future.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/f8c2784c13faa54469a2aac339470b1049ca6b63.1604102750.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
This is a pure codestyle cleanup patch. No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It's currently possible to bridge Ethernet tunnels carrying IP
packets directly to external interfaces without assigning them
addresses and routes on the bridged network itself: this is the case
for UDP tunnels bridged with a standard bridge or by Open vSwitch.
PMTU discovery is currently broken with those configurations, because
the encapsulation effectively decreases the MTU of the link, and
while we are able to account for this using PMTU discovery on the
lower layer, we don't have a way to relay ICMP or ICMPv6 messages
needed by the sender, because we don't have valid routes to it.
On the other hand, as a tunnel endpoint, we can't fragment packets
as a general approach: this is for instance clearly forbidden for
VXLAN by RFC 7348, section 4.3:
VTEPs MUST NOT fragment VXLAN packets. Intermediate routers may
fragment encapsulated VXLAN packets due to the larger frame size.
The destination VTEP MAY silently discard such VXLAN fragments.
The same paragraph recommends that the MTU over the physical network
accomodates for encapsulations, but this isn't a practical option for
complex topologies, especially for typical Open vSwitch use cases.
Further, it states that:
Other techniques like Path MTU discovery (see [RFC1191] and
[RFC1981]) MAY be used to address this requirement as well.
Now, PMTU discovery already works for routed interfaces, we get
route exceptions created by the encapsulation device as they receive
ICMP Fragmentation Needed and ICMPv6 Packet Too Big messages, and
we already rebuild those messages with the appropriate MTU and route
them back to the sender.
Add the missing bits for bridged cases:
- checks in skb_tunnel_check_pmtu() to understand if it's appropriate
to trigger a reply according to RFC 1122 section 3.2.2 for ICMP and
RFC 4443 section 2.4 for ICMPv6. This function is already called by
UDP tunnels
- a new function generating those ICMP or ICMPv6 replies. We can't
reuse icmp_send() and icmp6_send() as we don't see the sender as a
valid destination. This doesn't need to be generic, as we don't
cover any other type of ICMP errors given that we only provide an
encapsulation function to the sender
While at it, make the MTU check in skb_tunnel_check_pmtu() accurate:
we might receive GSO buffers here, and the passed headroom already
includes the inner MAC length, so we don't have to account for it
a second time (that would imply three MAC headers on the wire, but
there are just two).
This issue became visible while bridging IPv6 packets with 4500 bytes
of payload over GENEVE using IPv4 with a PMTU of 4000. Given the 50
bytes of encapsulation headroom, we would advertise MTU as 3950, and
we would reject fragmented IPv6 datagrams of 3958 bytes size on the
wire. We're exclusively dealing with network MTU here, though, so we
could get Ethernet frames up to 3964 octets in that case.
v2:
- moved skb_tunnel_check_pmtu() to ip_tunnel_core.c (David Ahern)
- split IPv4/IPv6 functions (David Ahern)
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Previous changes to the IP routing code have removed all the
tests for the DS_HOST route flag.
Remove the flags and all the code that sets it.
Signed-off-by: David Laight <david.laight@aculab.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When do IPv6 tunnel PMTU update and calls __ip6_rt_update_pmtu() in the end,
we should not call dst_confirm_neigh() as there is no two-way communication.
So disable the neigh confirm for vxlan and geneve pmtu update.
v5: No change.
v4: No change.
v3: Do not remove dst_confirm_neigh, but add a new bool parameter in
dst_ops.update_pmtu to control whether we should do neighbor confirm.
Also split the big patch to small ones for each area.
v2: Remove dst_confirm_neigh in __ip6_rt_update_pmtu.
Fixes: a93bf0ff44 ("vxlan: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
Fixes: 52a589d51f ("geneve: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add a new function skb_dst_update_pmtu_no_confirm() for callers who need
update pmtu but should not do neighbor confirm.
v5: No change.
v4: No change.
v3: Do not remove dst_confirm_neigh, but add a new bool parameter in
dst_ops.update_pmtu to control whether we should do neighbor confirm.
Also split the big patch to small ones for each area.
v2: Remove dst_confirm_neigh in __ip6_rt_update_pmtu.
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The MTU update code is supposed to be invoked in response to real
networking events that update the PMTU. In IPv6 PMTU update function
__ip6_rt_update_pmtu() we called dst_confirm_neigh() to update neighbor
confirmed time.
But for tunnel code, it will call pmtu before xmit, like:
- tnl_update_pmtu()
- skb_dst_update_pmtu()
- ip6_rt_update_pmtu()
- __ip6_rt_update_pmtu()
- dst_confirm_neigh()
If the tunnel remote dst mac address changed and we still do the neigh
confirm, we will not be able to update neigh cache and ping6 remote
will failed.
So for this ip_tunnel_xmit() case, _EVEN_ if the MTU is changed, we
should not be invoking dst_confirm_neigh() as we have no evidence
of successful two-way communication at this point.
On the other hand it is also important to keep the neigh reachability fresh
for TCP flows, so we cannot remove this dst_confirm_neigh() call.
To fix the issue, we have to add a new bool parameter for dst_ops.update_pmtu
to choose whether we should do neigh update or not. I will add the parameter
in this patch and set all the callers to true to comply with the previous
way, and fix the tunnel code one by one on later patches.
v5: No change.
v4: No change.
v3: Do not remove dst_confirm_neigh, but add a new bool parameter in
dst_ops.update_pmtu to control whether we should do neighbor confirm.
Also split the big patch to small ones for each area.
v2: Remove dst_confirm_neigh in __ip6_rt_update_pmtu.
Suggested-by: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When storing a pointer to a dst_metrics structure in dst_entry._metrics,
two flags are added in the least significant bits of the pointer value.
Hence this assumes all pointers to dst_metrics structures have at least
4-byte alignment.
However, on m68k, the minimum alignment of 32-bit values is 2 bytes, not
4 bytes. Hence in some kernel builds, dst_default_metrics may be only
2-byte aligned, leading to obscure boot warnings like:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 7 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x44/0x9a
refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 7 Comm: ksoftirqd/0 Tainted: G W 5.5.0-rc2-atari-01448-g114a1a1038af891d-dirty #261
Stack from 10835e6c:
10835e6c 0038134f 00023fa6 00394b0f 0000001c 00000009 00321560 00023fea
00394b0f 0000001c 001a70f8 00000009 00000000 10835eb4 00000001 00000000
04208040 0000000a 00394b4a 10835ed4 00043aa8 001a70f8 00394b0f 0000001c
00000009 00394b4a 0026aba8 003215a4 00000003 00000000 0026d5a8 00000001
003215a4 003a4361 003238d6 000001f0 00000000 003215a4 10aa3b00 00025e84
003ddb00 10834000 002416a8 10aa3b00 00000000 00000080 000aa038 0004854a
Call Trace: [<00023fa6>] __warn+0xb2/0xb4
[<00023fea>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x42/0x64
[<001a70f8>] refcount_warn_saturate+0x44/0x9a
[<00043aa8>] printk+0x0/0x18
[<001a70f8>] refcount_warn_saturate+0x44/0x9a
[<0026aba8>] refcount_sub_and_test.constprop.73+0x38/0x3e
[<0026d5a8>] ipv4_dst_destroy+0x5e/0x7e
[<00025e84>] __local_bh_enable_ip+0x0/0x8e
[<002416a8>] dst_destroy+0x40/0xae
Fix this by forcing 4-byte alignment of all dst_metrics structures.
Fixes: e5fd387ad5 ("ipv6: do not overwrite inetpeer metrics prematurely")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Fix DST_FEATURE_ECN_CA to use "U" cast to avoid shifting signed
32-bit value by 31 bits problem.
Signed-off-by: Vandana BN <bnvandana@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
netfilter did not expect that skb_dst_force() can cause skb to lose its
dst entry.
I got a bug report with a skb->dst NULL dereference in netfilter
output path. The backtrace contains nf_reinject(), so the dst might have
been cleared when skb got queued to userspace.
Other users were fixed via
if (skb_dst(skb)) {
skb_dst_force(skb);
if (!skb_dst(skb))
goto handle_err;
}
But I think its preferable to make the 'dst might be cleared' part
of the function explicit.
In netfilter case, skb with a null dst is expected when queueing in
prerouting hook, so drop skb for the other hooks.
v2:
v1 of this patch returned true in case skb had no dst entry.
Eric said:
Say if we have two skb_dst_force() calls for some reason
on the same skb, only the first one will return false.
This now returns false even when skb had no dst, as per Erics
suggestion, so callers might need to check skb_dst() first before
skb_dst_force().
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Get rid of some obsolete gc-related documentation and macros that were
missed in commit 5b7c9a8ff8 ("net: remove dst gc related code").
CC: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Julian Wiedmann <jwi@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We shouldn't abuse exceptions: if the destination MTU is already higher
than what we're transmitting, no exception should be created.
Fixes: 52a589d51f ("geneve: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
Fixes: a93bf0ff44 ("vxlan: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sabrina Dubroca <sd@queasysnail.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In order to remove performance impact of having the extra u32 in every
single flowi, this change removes the flowi_xfrm struct, prefering to
take the if_id as a method parameter where needed.
In the inbound direction, if_id is only needed during the
__xfrm_check_policy() function, and the if_id can be determined at that
point based on the skb. As such, xfrmi_decode_session() is only called
with the skb in __xfrm_check_policy().
In the outbound direction, the only place where if_id is needed is the
xfrm_lookup() call in xfrmi_xmit2(). With this change, the if_id is
directly passed into the xfrm_lookup_with_ifid() call. All existing
callers can still call xfrm_lookup(), which uses a default if_id of 0.
This change does not change any behavior of XFRMIs except for improving
overall system performance via flowi size reduction.
This change has been tested against the Android Kernel Networking Tests:
https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/tests/+/master/net/test
Signed-off-by: Benedict Wong <benedictwong@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
This fixes the following kernel-doc warning:
./include/net/dst.h:366: warning: Function parameter or member 'net' not described in 'skb_tunnel_rx'
Fixes: ea23192e8e ("tunnels: harmonize cleanup done on skb on rx path")
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Neuschäfer <j.neuschaefer@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Some dst_ops (e.g. md_dst_ops)) doesn't set this handler. It may result to:
"BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)"
Let's add a helper to check if update_pmtu is available before calling it.
Fixes: 52a589d51f ("geneve: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
Fixes: a93bf0ff44 ("vxlan: update skb dst pmtu on tx path")
CC: Roman Kapl <code@rkapl.cz>
CC: Xin Long <lucien.xin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We have padding to try and align the refcount on a separate cache
line. But after several simplifications the padding has increased
substantially.
So now it's easy to change the layout to get rid of the padding
entirely.
We group the write-heavy __refcnt and __use with less often used
items such as the rcu_head and the error code.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
The first member of an IPSEC route bundle chain sets it's dst->path to
the underlying ipv4/ipv6 route that carries the bundle.
Stated another way, if one were to follow the xfrm_dst->child chain of
the bundle, the final non-NULL pointer would be the path and point to
either an ipv4 or an ipv6 route.
This is largely used to make sure that PMTU events propagate down to
the correct ipv4 or ipv6 route.
When we don't have the top of an IPSEC bundle 'dst->path == dst'.
Move it down into xfrm_dst and key off of dst->xfrm.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
The dst->from value is only used by ipv6 routes to track where
a route "came from".
Any time we clone or copy a core ipv6 route in the ipv6 routing
tables, we have the copy/clone's ->from point to the base route.
This is used to handle route expiration properly.
Only ipv6 uses this mechanism, and only ipv6 code references
it. So it is safe to move it into rt6_info.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
XFRM bundle child chains look like this:
xdst1 --> xdst2 --> xdst3 --> path_dst
All of xdstN are xfrm_dst objects and xdst->u.dst.xfrm is non-NULL.
The final child pointer in the chain, here called 'path_dst', is some
other kind of route such as an ipv4 or ipv6 one.
The xfrm output path pops routes, one at a time, via the child
pointer, until we hit one which has a dst->xfrm pointer which
is NULL.
We can easily preserve the above mechanisms with child sitting
only in the xfrm_dst structure. All children in the chain
before we break out of the xfrm_output() loop have dst->xfrm
non-NULL and are therefore xfrm_dst objects.
Since we break out of the loop when we find dst->xfrm NULL, we
will not try to dereference 'dst' as if it were an xfrm_dst.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Files removed in 'net-next' had their license header updated
in 'net'. We take the remove from 'net-next'.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since commit 0da4af00b2 ("ipv6: only update __use and lastusetime
once per jiffy at most"), updating the dst lastuse field is an
unlikely action: it happens at most once per jiffy, out of
potentially millions of calls per second.
Mark explicitly the code as such, and let the compiler generate
better code.
Note: gcc 7.2 and several older versions do actually generate
different - better - code when the unlikely() hint is in place,
avoid jump in the fast path and keeping better code locality.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In order to not dirty the cacheline too often, we try to only update
dst->__use and dst->lastusetime at most once per jiffy.
As dst->lastusetime is only used by ipv6 garbage collector, it should
be good enough time resolution.
And __use is only used in ipv6_route_seq_show() to show how many times a
dst has been used. And as __use is not atomic_t right now, it does not
show the precise number of usage times anyway. So we think it should be
OK to only update it at most once per jiffy.
According to my latest syn flood test on a machine with intel Xeon 6th
gen processor and 2 10G mlx nics bonded together, each with 8 rx queues
on 2 NUMA nodes:
With this patch, the packet process rate increases from ~3.49Mpps to
~3.75Mpps with a 7% increase rate.
Note: dst_use() is being renamed to dst_hold_and_use() to better specify
the purpose of the function.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@googl.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
With all the preparation work before, we are now ready to replace rwlock
with rcu and spinlock in fib6_table.
That means now all fib6_node in fib6_table are protected by rcu. And
when freeing fib6_node, call_rcu() is used to wait for the rcu grace
period before releasing the memory.
When accessing fib6_node, corresponding rcu APIs need to be used.
And all previous sessions protected by the write lock will now be
protected by the spin lock per table.
All previous sessions protected by read lock will now be protected by
rcu_read_lock().
A couple of things to note here:
1. As part of the work of replacing rwlock with rcu, the linked list of
fn->leaf now has to be rcu protected as well. So both fn->leaf and
rt->dst.rt6_next are now __rcu tagged and corresponding rcu APIs are
used when manipulating them.
2. For fn->rr_ptr, first of all, it also needs to be rcu protected now
and is tagged with __rcu and rcu APIs are used in corresponding places.
Secondly, fn->rr_ptr is changed in rt6_select() which is a reader
thread. This makes the issue a bit complicated. We think a valid
solution for it is to let rt6_select() grab the tb6_lock if it decides
to change it. As it is not in the normal operation and only happens when
there is no valid neighbor cache for the route, we think the performance
impact should be low.
3. fib6_walk_continue() has to be called with tb6_lock held even in the
route dumping related functions, e.g. inet6_dump_fib(),
fib6_tables_dump() and ipv6_route_seq_ops. It is because
fib6_walk_continue() makes modifications to the walker structure, and so
are fib6_repair_tree() and fib6_del_route(). In order to do proper
syncing between them, we need to let fib6_walk_continue() hold the lock.
We may be able to do further improvement on the way we do the tree walk
to get rid of the need for holding the spin lock. But not for now.
4. When fib6_del_route() removes a route from the tree, we no longer
mark rt->dst.rt6_next to NULL to make simultaneous reader be able to
further traverse the list with rcu. However, rt->dst.rt6_next is only
valid within this same rcu period. No one should access it later.
5. All the operation of atomic_inc(rt->rt6i_ref) is changed to be
performed before we publish this route (either by linking it to fn->leaf
or insert it in the list pointed by fn->leaf) just to be safe because as
soon as we publish the route, some read thread will be able to access it.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In linux-4.13, Wei worked hard to convert dst to a traditional
refcounted model, removing GC.
We now want to make sure a dst refcount can not transition from 0 back
to 1.
The problem here is that input path attached a not refcounted dst to an
skb. Then later, because packet is forwarded and hits skb_dst_force()
before exiting RCU section, we might try to take a refcount on one dst
that is about to be freed, if another cpu saw 1 -> 0 transition in
dst_release() and queued the dst for freeing after one RCU grace period.
Lets unify skb_dst_force() and skb_dst_force_safe(), since we should
always perform the complete check against dst refcount, and not assume
it is not zero.
Bugzilla : https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197005
[ 989.919496] skb_dst_force+0x32/0x34
[ 989.919498] __dev_queue_xmit+0x1ad/0x482
[ 989.919501] ? eth_header+0x28/0xc6
[ 989.919502] dev_queue_xmit+0xb/0xd
[ 989.919504] neigh_connected_output+0x9b/0xb4
[ 989.919507] ip_finish_output2+0x234/0x294
[ 989.919509] ? ipt_do_table+0x369/0x388
[ 989.919510] ip_finish_output+0x12c/0x13f
[ 989.919512] ip_output+0x53/0x87
[ 989.919513] ip_forward_finish+0x53/0x5a
[ 989.919515] ip_forward+0x2cb/0x3e6
[ 989.919516] ? pskb_trim_rcsum.part.9+0x4b/0x4b
[ 989.919518] ip_rcv_finish+0x2e2/0x321
[ 989.919519] ip_rcv+0x26f/0x2eb
[ 989.919522] ? vlan_do_receive+0x4f/0x289
[ 989.919523] __netif_receive_skb_core+0x467/0x50b
[ 989.919526] ? tcp_gro_receive+0x239/0x239
[ 989.919529] ? inet_gro_receive+0x226/0x238
[ 989.919530] __netif_receive_skb+0x4d/0x5f
[ 989.919532] netif_receive_skb_internal+0x5c/0xaf
[ 989.919533] napi_gro_receive+0x45/0x81
[ 989.919536] ixgbe_poll+0xc8a/0xf09
[ 989.919539] ? kmem_cache_free_bulk+0x1b6/0x1f7
[ 989.919540] net_rx_action+0xf4/0x266
[ 989.919543] __do_softirq+0xa8/0x19d
[ 989.919545] irq_exit+0x5d/0x6b
[ 989.919546] do_IRQ+0x9c/0xb5
[ 989.919548] common_interrupt+0x93/0x93
[ 989.919548] </IRQ>
Similarly dst_clone() can use dst_hold() helper to have additional
debugging, as a follow up to commit 44ebe79149 ("net: add debug
atomic_inc_not_zero() in dst_hold()")
In net-next we will convert dst atomic_t to refcount_t for peace of
mind.
Fixes: a4c2fd7f78 ("net: remove DST_NOCACHE flag")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Reported-by: Paweł Staszewski <pstaszewski@itcare.pl>
Bisected-by: Paweł Staszewski <pstaszewski@itcare.pl>
Acked-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
refcount_t type and corresponding API should be
used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as
a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental
refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free
situations.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch is meant to add a debug warning on the situation where dst is
being held during its destroy phase. This could potentially cause double
free issue on the dst.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As some dst flags are removed, reorder the dst flags to fill in the
blanks.
Note: these flags are not exposed into user space. So it is safe to
reorder.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
DST_NOCACHE flag check has been removed from dst_release() and
dst_hold_safe() in a previous patch because all the dst are now ref
counted properly and can be released based on refcnt only.
Looking at the rest of the DST_NOCACHE use, all of them can now be
removed or replaced with other checks.
So this patch gets rid of all the DST_NOCACHE usage and remove this flag
completely.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now that all the components have been changed to release dst based on
refcnt only and not depend on dst gc anymore, we can remove the
temporary flag DST_NOGC.
Note that we also need to remove the DST_NOCACHE check in dst_release()
and dst_hold_safe() because now all the dst are released based on refcnt
and behaves as DST_NOCACHE.
Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <weiwan@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
