$(firstword ...) in scripts/Makefile.modpost was added by commit
3f3fd3c055 ("[PATCH] kbuild: allow multi-word $M in Makefile.modpost")
to build multiple external module directories.
It was a solution to resolve symbol dependencies when an external
module depends on another external module.
Commit 0d96fb20b7 ("kbuild: Add new Kbuild variable
KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS") introduced another solution by passing symbol
info via KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS, then broke the multi-word M= support.
include $(if $(wildcard $(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/Kbuild), \
$(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/Kbuild, $(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/Makefile)
... does not work if KBUILD_EXTMOD contains multiple words.
This feature has been broken for more than a decade. Remove the
bitrotten code, and stop parsing if M or KBUILD_EXTMOD contains
multiple words.
As Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst explains, if your module depends
on another one, there are two solutions:
- add a common top-level Kbuild file
- use KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
I think all the warnings have been fixed by now. Make it a fatal error.
Check it before modpost because we need to stop building *.ko files.
Also, pass modules.order via a script parameter.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Some targets are internal-use only.
It is tedious to care about "what if __build_one_by_one is contained
in $(MAKECMDGOALS)?" etc.
Prefix internal targets with double underscores. Stop parsing Makefile
if they are directly run.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Merge {CLEAN,MRPROPER,DISTCLEAN}_DIRS into {CLEAN,MRPROPER,DISTCLEAN}_FILES
because the difference is just the -r option passed to the 'rm' command.
Do likewise as commit 1634f2bfdb ("kbuild: remove clean-dirs syntax").
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
If include/generated/autoconf.h is accidentally lost somehow,
there is no clear way to fix it. Make it self-healing.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Kbuild supports the infrastructure to build host programs, but there
was no support to build userspace programs for the target architecture
(i.e. the same architecture as the kernel).
Sam Ravnborg worked on this in 2014 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/7/13/154),
but it was not merged. One problem at that time was, there was no good way
to know whether $(CC) can link standalone programs. In fact, pre-built
kernel.org toolchains [1] are often used for building the kernel, but they
do not provide libc.
Now, we can handle this cleanly because the compiler capability is
evaluated at the Kconfig time. If $(CC) cannot link standalone programs,
the relevant options are hidden by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK'.
The implementation just mimics scripts/Makefile.host
The userspace programs are compiled with the same flags as the host
programs. In addition, it uses -m32 or -m64 if it is found in
$(KBUILD_CFLAGS).
This new syntax has two usecases.
- Sample programs
Several userspace programs under samples/ include UAPI headers
installed in usr/include. Most of them were previously built for
the host architecture just to use the 'hostprogs' syntax.
However, 'make headers' always works for the target architecture.
This caused the arch mismatch in cross-compiling. To fix this
distortion, sample code should be built for the target architecture.
- Bpfilter
net/bpfilter/Makefile compiles bpfilter_umh as the user mode helper,
and embeds it into the kernel. Currently, it overrides HOSTCC with
CC to use the 'hostprogs' syntax. This hack should go away.
[1]: https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This change adds generic support for Clang's Shadow Call Stack,
which uses a shadow stack to protect return addresses from being
overwritten by an attacker. Details are available here:
https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html
Note that security guarantees in the kernel differ from the ones
documented for user space. The kernel must store addresses of
shadow stacks in memory, which means an attacker capable reading
and writing arbitrary memory may be able to locate them and hijack
control flow by modifying the stacks.
Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com>
[will: Numerous cosmetic changes]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
gcc-10 now warns about passing aliasing pointers to functions that take
restricted pointers.
That's actually a great warning, and if we ever start using 'restrict'
in the kernel, it might be quite useful. But right now we don't, and it
turns out that the only thing this warns about is an idiom where we have
declared a few functions to be "printf-like" (which seems to make gcc
pick up the restricted pointer thing), and then we print to the same
buffer that we also use as an input.
And people do that as an odd concatenation pattern, with code like this:
#define sysfs_show_gen_prop(buffer, fmt, ...) \
snprintf(buffer, PAGE_SIZE, "%s"fmt, buffer, __VA_ARGS__)
where we have 'buffer' as both the destination of the final result, and
as the initial argument.
Yes, it's a bit questionable. And outside of the kernel, people do have
standard declarations like
int snprintf( char *restrict buffer, size_t bufsz,
const char *restrict format, ... );
where that output buffer is marked as a restrict pointer that cannot
alias with any other arguments.
But in the context of the kernel, that 'use snprintf() to concatenate to
the end result' does work, and the pattern shows up in multiple places.
And we have not marked our own version of snprintf() as taking restrict
pointers, so the warning is incorrect for now, and gcc picks it up on
its own.
If we do start using 'restrict' in the kernel (and it might be a good
idea if people find places where it matters), we'll need to figure out
how to avoid this issue for snprintf and friends. But in the meantime,
this warning is not useful.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is the final array bounds warning removal for gcc-10 for now.
Again, the warning is good, and we should re-enable all these warnings
when we have converted all the legacy array declaration cases to
flexible arrays. But in the meantime, it's just noise.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is another fine warning, related to the 'zero-length-bounds' one,
but hitting the same historical code in the kernel.
Because C didn't historically support flexible array members, we have
code that instead uses a one-sized array, the same way we have cases of
zero-sized arrays.
The one-sized arrays come from either not wanting to use the gcc
zero-sized array extension, or from a slight convenience-feature, where
particularly for strings, the size of the structure now includes the
allocation for the final NUL character.
So with a "char name[1];" at the end of a structure, you can do things
like
v = my_malloc(sizeof(struct vendor) + strlen(name));
and avoid the "+1" for the terminator.
Yes, the modern way to do that is with a flexible array, and using
'offsetof()' instead of 'sizeof()', and adding the "+1" by hand. That
also technically gets the size "more correct" in that it avoids any
alignment (and thus padding) issues, but this is another long-term
cleanup thing that will not happen for 5.7.
So disable the warning for now, even though it's potentially quite
useful. Having a slew of warnings that then hide more urgent new issues
is not an improvement.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is a fine warning, but we still have a number of zero-length arrays
in the kernel that come from the traditional gcc extension. Yes, they
are getting converted to flexible arrays, but in the meantime the gcc-10
warning about zero-length bounds is very verbose, and is hiding other
issues.
I missed one actual build failure because it was hidden among hundreds
of lines of warning. Thankfully I caught it on the second go before
pushing things out, but it convinced me that I really need to disable
the new warnings for now.
We'll hopefully be all done with our conversion to flexible arrays in
the not too distant future, and we can then re-enable this warning.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have some rather random rules about when we accept the
"maybe-initialized" warnings, and when we don't.
For example, we consider it unreliable for gcc versions < 4.9, but also
if -O3 is enabled, or if optimizing for size. And then various kernel
config options disabled it, because they know that they trigger that
warning by confusing gcc sufficiently (ie PROFILE_ALL_BRANCHES).
And now gcc-10 seems to be introducing a lot of those warnings too, so
it falls under the same heading as 4.9 did.
At the same time, we have a very straightforward way to _enable_ that
warning when wanted: use "W=2" to enable more warnings.
So stop playing these ad-hoc games, and just disable that warning by
default, with the known and straight-forward "if you want to work on the
extra compiler warnings, use W=123".
Would it be great to have code that is always so obvious that it never
confuses the compiler whether a variable is used initialized or not?
Yes, it would. In a perfect world, the compilers would be smarter, and
our source code would be simpler.
That's currently not the world we live in, though.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'v5.7-rc1' into locking/kcsan, to resolve conflicts and refresh
Resolve these conflicts:
arch/x86/Kconfig
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
Do a minor "evil merge" to move the KCSAN entry up a bit by a few lines
in the Kconfig to reduce the probability of future conflicts.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
As Documentation/kbuild/llvm.rst implies, building the kernel with a
full set of LLVM tools gets very verbose and unwieldy.
Provide a single switch LLVM=1 to use Clang and LLVM tools instead
of GCC and Binutils. You can pass it from the command line or as an
environment variable.
Please note LLVM=1 does not turn on the integrated assembler. You need
to pass LLVM_IAS=1 to use it. When the upstream kernel is ready for the
integrated assembler, I think we can make it default.
We discussed what we need, and we agreed to go with a simple boolean
flag that switches both target and host tools:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/3/28/494https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/4/3/43
Some items discussed, but not adopted:
- LLVM_DIR
When multiple versions of LLVM are installed, I just thought supporting
LLVM_DIR=/path/to/my/llvm/bin/ might be useful.
CC = $(LLVM_DIR)clang
LD = $(LLVM_DIR)ld.lld
...
However, we can handle this by modifying PATH. So, we decided to not do
this.
- LLVM_SUFFIX
Some distributions (e.g. Debian) package specific versions of LLVM with
naming conventions that use the version as a suffix.
CC = clang$(LLVM_SUFFIX)
LD = ld.lld(LLVM_SUFFIX)
...
will allow a user to pass LLVM_SUFFIX=-11 to use clang-11 etc.,
but the suffixed versions in /usr/bin/ are symlinks to binaries in
/usr/lib/llvm-#/bin/, so this can also be handled by PATH.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com> # build
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The 'AS' variable is unused for building the kernel. Only the remaining
usage is to turn on the integrated assembler. A boolean flag is a better
fit for this purpose.
AS=clang was added for experts. So, I replaced it with LLVM_IAS=1,
breaking the backward compatibility.
Suggested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Kbuild supports not only obj-y but also lib-y to list objects linked to
vmlinux.
The difference between them is that all the objects from obj-y are
forcibly linked to vmlinux, whereas the objects from lib-y are linked
as needed; if there is no user of a lib-y object, it is not linked.
lib-y is intended to list utility functions that may be called from all
over the place (and may be unused at all), but it is a problem for
EXPORT_SYMBOL(). Even if there is no call-site in the vmlinux, we need
to keep exported symbols for the use from loadable modules.
Commit 7f2084fa55 ("[kbuild] handle exports in lib-y objects reliably")
worked around it by linking a dummy object, lib-ksyms.o, which contains
references to all the symbols exported from lib.a in that directory.
It uses the linker script command, EXTERN. Unfortunately, the meaning of
EXTERN of ld.lld is different from that of ld.bfd. Therefore, this does
not work with LD=ld.lld (CBL issue #515).
Anyway, the build rule of lib-ksyms.o is somewhat tricky. So, I want to
get rid of it.
At first, I was thinking of accumulating lib-y objects into obj-y
(or even replacing lib-y with obj-y entirely), but the lib-y syntax
is used beyond the ordinary use in lib/ and arch/*/lib/.
Examples:
- drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile builds lib.a, which is linked
into vmlinux in the own way (arm64), or linked to the decompressor
(arm, x86).
- arch/alpha/lib/Makefile builds lib.a which is linked not only to
vmlinux, but also to bootloaders in arch/alpha/boot/Makefile.
- arch/xtensa/boot/lib/Makefile builds lib.a for use from
arch/xtensa/boot/boot-redboot/Makefile.
One more thing, adding everything to obj-y would increase the vmlinux
size of allnoconfig (or tinyconfig).
For less impact, I tweaked the destination of lib.a at the top Makefile;
when CONFIG_MODULES=y, lib.a goes to KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS, which is
forcibly linked to vmlinux, otherwise lib.a goes to KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS
as before.
The size impact for normal usecases is quite small since at lease one
symbol in every lib-y object is eventually called by someone. In case
you are intrested, here are the figures.
x86_64_defconfig:
text data bss dec hex filename
19566602 5422072 1589328 26578002 1958c52 vmlinux.before
19566932 5422104 1589328 26578364 1958dbc vmlinux.after
The case with the biggest impact is allnoconfig + CONFIG_MODULES=y.
ARCH=x86 allnoconfig + CONFIG_MODULES=y:
text data bss dec hex filename
1175162 254740 1220608 2650510 28718e vmlinux.before
1177974 254836 1220608 2653418 287cea vmlinux.after
Hopefully this is still not a big deal. The per-file trimming with the
static library is not so effective after all.
If fine-grained optimization is desired, some architectures support
CONFIG_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION, which trims dead code per-symbol
basis. When LTO is supported in mainline, even better optimization will
be possible.
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/515
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Currently, we disable -Wtautological-compare, which in turn disables a
bunch of more specific tautological comparison warnings that are useful
for the kernel such as -Wtautological-bitwise-compare. See clang's
documentation below for the other warnings that are suppressed by
-Wtautological-compare. Now that all of the major/noisy warnings have
been fixed, enable -Wtautological-compare so that more issues can be
caught at build time by various continuous integration setups.
-Wtautological-constant-out-of-range-compare is kept disabled under a
normal build but visible at W=1 because there are places in the kernel
where a constant or variable size can change based on the kernel
configuration. These are not fixed in a clean/concise way and the ones
I have audited so far appear to be harmless. It is not a subgroup but
rather just one warning so we do not lose out on much coverage by
default.
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/488
Link: http://releases.llvm.org/10.0.0/tools/clang/docs/DiagnosticsReference.html#wtautological-compare
Link: https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42666
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
[Build system]
- add CONFIG_UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST, which will be useful to define
a fixed set of export symbols for Generic Kernel Image (GKI)
- allow to run 'make dt_binding_check' without .config
- use full schema for checking DT examples in *.yaml files
- make modpost fail for missing MODULE_IMPORT_NS(), which makes more
sense because we know the produced modules are never loadable
- Remove unused 'AS' variable
[Kconfig]
- sanitize DEFCONFIG_LIST, and remove ARCH_DEFCONFIG from Kconfig files
- relax the 'imply' behavior so that symbols implied by y can become m
- make 'imply' obey 'depends on' in order to make 'imply' really weak
[Misc]
- add documentation on building the kernel with Clang/LLVM
- revive __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN for 32bit sparc to use optimized strlen()
- fix warning from deb-pkg builds when CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=n
- various script and Makefile cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
"Build system:
- add CONFIG_UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST, which will be useful to define a
fixed set of export symbols for Generic Kernel Image (GKI)
- allow to run 'make dt_binding_check' without .config
- use full schema for checking DT examples in *.yaml files
- make modpost fail for missing MODULE_IMPORT_NS(), which makes more
sense because we know the produced modules are never loadable
- Remove unused 'AS' variable
Kconfig:
- sanitize DEFCONFIG_LIST, and remove ARCH_DEFCONFIG from Kconfig
files
- relax the 'imply' behavior so that symbols implied by 'y' can
become 'm'
- make 'imply' obey 'depends on' in order to make 'imply' really weak
Misc:
- add documentation on building the kernel with Clang/LLVM
- revive __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN for 32bit sparc to use optimized strlen()
- fix warning from deb-pkg builds when CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=n
- various script and Makefile cleanups"
* tag 'kbuild-v5.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (34 commits)
Makefile: Update kselftest help information
kbuild: deb-pkg: fix warning when CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO is unset
kbuild: add outputmakefile to no-dot-config-targets
kbuild: remove AS variable
net: wan: wanxl: refactor the firmware rebuild rule
net: wan: wanxl: use $(M68KCC) instead of $(M68KAS) for rebuilding firmware
net: wan: wanxl: use allow to pass CROSS_COMPILE_M68k for rebuilding firmware
kbuild: add comment about grouped target
kbuild: add -Wall to KBUILD_HOSTCXXFLAGS
kconfig: remove unused variable in qconf.cc
sparc: revive __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN for 32bit sparc
kbuild: refactor Makefile.dtbinst more
kbuild: compute the dtbs_install destination more simply
Makefile: disallow data races on gcc-10 as well
kconfig: make 'imply' obey the direct dependency
kconfig: allow symbols implied by y to become m
net: drop_monitor: use IS_REACHABLE() to guard net_dm_hw_report()
modpost: return error if module is missing ns imports and MODULE_ALLOW_MISSING_NAMESPACE_IMPORTS=n
modpost: rework and consolidate logging interface
kbuild: allow to run dt_binding_check without kernel configuration
...
The target outputmakefile is used to generate a Makefile
for out-of-tree builds and does not depend on the kernel
configuration.
Signed-off-by: David Engraf <david.engraf@sysgo.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
As commit 5ef872636c ("kbuild: get rid of misleading $(AS) from
documents") noted, we rarely use $(AS) directly in the kernel build.
Now that the only/last user of $(AS) in drivers/net/wan/Makefile was
converted to $(CC), $(AS) is no longer used in the build process.
You can still pass in AS=clang, which is just a switch to turn on
the LLVM integrated assembler.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
GNU Make commit 8c888d95f618 ("[SV 8297] Implement "grouped targets"
for explicit rules.") added the '&:' syntax.
I think '&:' is a perfect fit here, but we cannot use it any time
soon. Just add a TODO comment.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Add -Wall to catch more warnings for C++ host programs.
When I submitted the previous version, the 0-day bot reported
-Wc++11-compat warnings for old GCC:
HOSTCXX -fPIC scripts/gcc-plugins/latent_entropy_plugin.o
In file included from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/plugin/include/tm.h:28:0,
from scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h:15,
from scripts/gcc-plugins/latent_entropy_plugin.c:78:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/plugin/include/config/elfos.h:102:21: warning: C++11 requires a space between string literal and macro [-Wc++11-compat]
fprintf ((FILE), "%s"HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_UNSIGNED"\n",\
^
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/plugin/include/config/elfos.h:170:24: warning: C++11 requires a space between string literal and macro [-Wc++11-compat]
fprintf ((FILE), ","HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_UNSIGNED",%u\n", \
^
In file included from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/plugin/include/tm.h:42:0,
from scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h:15,
from scripts/gcc-plugins/latent_entropy_plugin.c:78:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/plugin/include/defaults.h:126:24: warning: C++11 requires a space between string literal and macro [-Wc++11-compat]
fprintf ((FILE), ","HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_UNSIGNED",%u\n", \
^
The source of the warnings is in the plugin headers, so we have no
control of it. I just suppressed them by adding -Wno-c++11-compat to
scripts/gcc-plugins/Makefile.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
The 'dtbinst_root' is used to remember the root of the in-kernel dts
directory (i.e. arch/*/boot/dts), but it looks clumsy.
I prefer using two variables 'obj' and 'dst' to track the in-kernel
directory and the install destination, respectively.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
- fix __uint128_t capability test in Kconfig when GCC that defaults
to 32-bit is used to build the 64-bit kernel
- suppress new noisy Clang warnings -Wpointer-to-enum-cast
- move the namespace field in Module.symvers for the backward
compatibility reason for the depmod tool
- use available compression for initramdisk when INTRAMFS_SOURCE
is defined, which was the original behavior
- fix modpost to handle correct large section numbers when it refers
to modversion CRCs and module namespaces
- fix comments and documents
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Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.6-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada:
- fix __uint128_t capability test in Kconfig when GCC that defaults to
32-bit is used to build the 64-bit kernel
- suppress new noisy Clang warnings -Wpointer-to-enum-cast
- move the namespace field in Module.symvers for the backward
compatibility reason for the depmod tool
- use available compression for initramdisk when INTRAMFS_SOURCE is
defined, which was the original behavior
- fix modpost to handle correct large section numbers when it refers to
modversion CRCs and module namespaces
- fix comments and documents
* tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.6-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
scripts/kallsyms: fix wrong kallsyms_relative_base
modpost: Get proper section index by get_secindex() instead of st_shndx
initramfs: restore default compression behavior
modpost: move the namespace field in Module.symvers last
kbuild: Disable -Wpointer-to-enum-cast
kbuild: doc: fix references to other documents
int128: fix __uint128_t compiler test in Kconfig
kconfig: introduce m32-flag and m64-flag
kbuild: Fix inconsistent comment
gcc-10 will rename --param=allow-store-data-races=0
to -fno-allow-store-data-races.
The flag change happened at https://gcc.gnu.org/PR92046.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org>
Acked-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
The dt_binding_check target is located outside of the
'ifneq ($(dtstree),) ... endif' block.
So, you can run 'make dt_binding_check' on any architecture.
This makes a perfect sense because the dt-schema is arch-agnostic.
The only one problem I see is that scripts/dtc/dtc is not always built.
For example, ARCH=x86 defconfig does not define CONFIG_DTC. Kbuild
descends into scripts/dtc/ with doing nothing. Then, it fails to build
*.example.dt.yaml files.
Let's build scripts/dtc/dtc forcibly when running dt_binding_check.
The dt-schema does not depend on any CONFIG option either, so you
should be able to run dt_binding_check without the .config file.
Going forward, you can directly run 'make dt_binding_check' in a
pristine source tree.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Since commit 93512dad33 ("dt-bindings: Improve validation build error
handling"), 'make dtbs_check' does not validate the schema fully.
If you want to check everything, you need to run two commands separately.
$ make ARCH=arm dt_binding_check
$ make ARCH=arm dtbs_check
They are exclusive each other, so you cannot do like this:
$ make ARCH=arm dt_binding_check dtbs_check
In this case, dt-doc-validate and dt-extract-example are skipped
because CHECK_DTBS is set.
Let's make it possible to run these two targets in a single command.
It will be useful for schema writers.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
'make dtbs_check' checks the shecma in addition to building *.dtb files,
in other words, 'make dtbs_check' is a super-set of 'make dtbs'.
So, you do not have to do 'make dtbs dtbs_check', but I want to keep
the build system as robust as possible in any use.
Currently, 'dtbs' and 'dtbs_check' are independent of each other.
In parallel building, two threads descend into arch/*/boot/dts/,
one for dtbs and the other for dtbs_check, then end up with building
the same DTB simultaneously.
This commit fixes the concurrency issue. Otherwise, I see build errors
like follows:
$ make ARCH=arm64 defconfig
$ make -j16 ARCH=arm64 DT_SCHEMA_FILES=Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/psci.yaml dtbs dtbs_check
<snip>
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sdm845-cheza-r2.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/amlogic/meson-gxl-s905x-p212.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-lite2.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-lite2.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8mn-evk.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-one-plus.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/zte/zx296718-pcbox.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/altera/socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dt.yaml
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/amlogic/meson-gxl-s905d-p230.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/xilinx/zynqmp-zc1254-revA.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-pine-h64.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3399-gru-scarlet-inx.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-one-plus.dtb
CHECK arch/arm64/boot/dts/altera/socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dt.yaml
fixdep: error opening file: arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/.sun50i-h6-orangepi-lite2.dtb.d: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.lib:296: arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-lite2.dtb] Error 2
make[2]: *** Deleting file 'arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-lite2.dtb'
make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3399-gru-scarlet-kd.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/amlogic/meson-gxl-s905d-p231.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/xilinx/zynqmp-zc1275-revA.dtb
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8mn-ddr4-evk.dtb
fixdep: parse error; no targets found
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.lib:296: arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-one-plus.dtb] Error 1
make[2]: *** Deleting file 'arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner/sun50i-h6-orangepi-one-plus.dtb'
make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:505: arch/arm64/boot/dts/allwinner] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
DTC arch/arm64/boot/dts/renesas/r8a77951-salvator-xs.dtb
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
The commit 2042b5486b ("kbuild: unset variables in top Makefile
instead of setting 0") renamed the variable from "config-targets"
to "config-build", the comment should be consistent accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Kaiden PK Yu (余泊鎧) <KaidenPK.Yu@moxa.com>
Signed-off-by: SZ Lin (林上智) <sz.lin@moxa.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
When doing a cold build, autoksyms.h starts empty, and is updated late
in the build process to have visibility over the symbols used by in-tree
drivers. But since the symbol whitelist is known upfront, it can be used
to pre-populate autoksyms.h and maximize the amount of code that can be
compiled to its final state in a single pass, hence reducing build time.
Do this by using gen_autoksyms.sh to initialize autoksyms.h instead of
creating an empty file.
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Tested-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Quentin Perret <qperret@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Most of the Kconfig commands (except defconfig and all*config) read
the .config file as a base set of CONFIG options.
When it does not exist, the files in DEFCONFIG_LIST are searched in
this order and loaded if found.
I do not see much sense in the last two lines in DEFCONFIG_LIST.
[1] ARCH_DEFCONFIG
The entry for DEFCONFIG_LIST is guarded by 'depends on !UML'. So, the
ARCH_DEFCONFIG definition in arch/x86/um/Kconfig is meaningless.
arch/{sh,sparc,x86}/Kconfig define ARCH_DEFCONFIG depending on 32 or
64 bit variant symbols. This is a little bit strange; ARCH_DEFCONFIG
should be a fixed string because the base config file is loaded before
the symbol evaluation stage.
Using KBUILD_DEFCONFIG makes more sense because it is fixed before
Kconfig is invoked. Fortunately, arch/{sh,sparc,x86}/Makefile define it
in the same way, and it works as expected. Hence, replace ARCH_DEFCONFIG
with "arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/$(KBUILD_DEFCONFIG)".
[2] arch/$(ARCH)/defconfig
This file path is no longer valid. The defconfig files are always located
in the arch configs/ directories.
$ find arch -name defconfig | sort
arch/alpha/configs/defconfig
arch/arm64/configs/defconfig
arch/csky/configs/defconfig
arch/nds32/configs/defconfig
arch/riscv/configs/defconfig
arch/s390/configs/defconfig
arch/unicore32/configs/defconfig
The path arch/*/configs/defconfig is already covered by
"arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/$(KBUILD_DEFCONFIG)". So, this file path is
not necessary.
I moved the default KBUILD_DEFCONFIG to the top Makefile. Otherwise,
the 7 architectures listed above would end up with endless loop of
syncconfig.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
This CONFIG option was added by commit 35bb5b1e0e ("Add option to
enable -Wframe-larger-than= on gcc 4.4"). At that time, the cc-option
check was needed.
According to Documentation/process/changes.rst, the current minimal
supported version of GCC is 4.6, so you can assume GCC supports it.
Clang supports it as well.
Remove the cc-option switch and redundant comments.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The dt_binding_check is added to PHONY, but it is invisible when
$(dtstree) is empty. So, it is not specified as phony for
ARCH=x86 etc.
Add it to PHONY outside the ifneq ... endif block.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
The dtbs_check should be a phony target, but currently it is not
specified so.
'make dtbs_check' works even if a file named 'dtbs_check' exists
because it depends on another phony target, scripts_dtc, but we
should not rely on it.
Add dtbs_check to PHONY.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Complete the comments for valid values of KBUILD_VERBOSE,
specifically for KBUILD_VERBOSE=2.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Currently, the single-target build does not work when two
or more sub-directories are given:
$ make fs/ kernel/ lib/
CALL scripts/checksyscalls.sh
CALL scripts/atomic/check-atomics.sh
DESCEND objtool
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'kernel/'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'fs/'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'lib/'.
Make it work properly.
Reported-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
- detect missing include guard in UAPI headers
- do not create orphan built-in.a or obj-y objects
- generate modules.builtin more simply, and drop tristate.conf
- simplify built-in initramfs creation
- make linux-headers deb package thinner
- optimize the deb package build script
- misc cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- detect missing include guard in UAPI headers
- do not create orphan built-in.a or obj-y objects
- generate modules.builtin more simply, and drop tristate.conf
- simplify built-in initramfs creation
- make linux-headers deb package thinner
- optimize the deb package build script
- misc cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (34 commits)
builddeb: split libc headers deployment out into a function
builddeb: split kernel headers deployment out into a function
builddeb: remove redundant make for ARCH=um
builddeb: avoid invoking sub-shells where possible
builddeb: remove redundant $objtree/
builddeb: match temporary directory name to the package name
builddeb: remove unneeded files in hdrobjfiles for headers package
kbuild: use -S instead of -E for precise cc-option test in Kconfig
builddeb: allow selection of .deb compressor
kbuild: remove 'Building modules, stage 2.' log
kbuild: remove *.tmp file when filechk fails
kbuild: remove PYTHON2 variable
modpost: assume STT_SPARC_REGISTER is defined
gen_initramfs.sh: remove intermediate cpio_list on errors
initramfs: refactor the initramfs build rules
gen_initramfs.sh: always output cpio even without -o option
initramfs: add default_cpio_list, and delete -d option support
initramfs: generate dependency list and cpio at the same time
initramfs: specify $(src)/gen_initramfs.sh as a prerequisite in Makefile
initramfs: make initramfs compression choice non-optional
...
Commit bc081dd6e9 ("kbuild: generate modules.builtin") added
infrastructure to generate modules.builtin, the list of all
builtin modules.
Basically, it works like this:
- Kconfig generates include/config/tristate.conf, the list of
tristate CONFIG options with a value in a capital letter.
- scripts/Makefile.modbuiltin makes Kbuild descend into
directories to collect the information of builtin modules.
I am not a big fan of it because Kbuild ends up with traversing
the source tree twice.
I am not sure how perfectly it should work, but this approach cannot
avoid false positives; even if the relevant CONFIG option is tristate,
some Makefiles forces obj-m to obj-y.
Some examples are:
arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/Makefile:
obj-$(CONFIG_NVRAM:m=y) += nvram.o
net/ipv6/Makefile:
obj-$(subst m,y,$(CONFIG_IPV6)) += inet6_hashtables.o
net/netlabel/Makefile:
obj-$(subst m,y,$(CONFIG_IPV6)) += netlabel_calipso.o
Nobody has complained about (or noticed) it, so it is probably fine to
have false positives in modules.builtin.
This commit simplifies the implementation. Let's exploit the fact
that every module has MODULE_LICENSE(). (modpost shows a warning if
MODULE_LICENSE is missing. If so, 0-day bot would already have blocked
such a module.)
I added MODULE_FILE to <linux/module.h>. When the code is being compiled
as builtin, it will be filled with the file path of the module, and
collected into modules.builtin.info. Then, scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
extracts the list of builtin modules out of it.
This new approach fixes the false-positives above, but adds another
type of false-positives; non-modular code may have MODULE_LICENSE()
by mistake. This is not a big deal, it is just the code is always
orphan. We can clean it up if we like. You can see cleanup examples by:
$ git log --grep='make.* explicitly non-modular'
To sum up, this commits deletes lots of code, but still produces almost
equivalent results. Please note it does not increase the vmlinux size at
all. As you can see in include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h, the .modinfo
section is discarded in the link stage.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
- fix warning in out-of-tree 'make clean'
- add READELF variable to the top Makefile
- fix broken builds when LINUX_COMPILE_BY contains a backslash
- fix build warning in kallsyms
- fix NULL pointer access in expr_eq() in Kconfig
- fix missing dependency on rsync in deb-pkg build
- remove ---help--- from documentation
- fix misleading documentation about directory descending
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Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada:
- fix warning in out-of-tree 'make clean'
- add READELF variable to the top Makefile
- fix broken builds when LINUX_COMPILE_BY contains a backslash
- fix build warning in kallsyms
- fix NULL pointer access in expr_eq() in Kconfig
- fix missing dependency on rsync in deb-pkg build
- remove ---help--- from documentation
- fix misleading documentation about directory descending
* tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
kbuild: clarify the difference between obj-y and obj-m w.r.t. descending
kconfig: remove ---help--- from documentation
scripts: package: mkdebian: add missing rsync dependency
kconfig: don't crash on NULL expressions in expr_eq()
scripts/kallsyms: fix offset overflow of kallsyms_relative_base
mkcompile_h: use printf for LINUX_COMPILE_BY
mkcompile_h: git rid of UTS_TRUNCATE from LINUX_COMPILE_{BY,HOST}
x86/boot: kbuild: allow readelf executable to be specified
kbuild: fix 'No such file or directory' warning when cleaning
Introduce a new READELF variable to top-level Makefile, so the name of
readelf binary can be specified.
Before this change the name of the binary was hardcoded to
"$(CROSS_COMPILE)readelf" which might not be present for every
toolchain.
This allows to build with LLVM Object Reader by using make parameter
READELF=llvm-readelf.
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/771
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Golovin <dima@golovin.in>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
- remove unneeded asm headers from hexagon, ia64
- add 'dir-pkg' target, which works like 'tar-pkg' but skips archiving
- add 'helpnewconfig' target, which shows help for new CONFIG options
- support 'make nsdeps' for external modules
- make rebuilds faster by deleting $(wildcard $^) checks
- remove compile tests for kernel-space headers
- refactor modpost to simplify modversion handling
- make single target builds faster
- optimize and clean up scripts/kallsyms.c
- refactor various Makefiles and scripts
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- remove unneeded asm headers from hexagon, ia64
- add 'dir-pkg' target, which works like 'tar-pkg' but skips archiving
- add 'helpnewconfig' target, which shows help for new CONFIG options
- support 'make nsdeps' for external modules
- make rebuilds faster by deleting $(wildcard $^) checks
- remove compile tests for kernel-space headers
- refactor modpost to simplify modversion handling
- make single target builds faster
- optimize and clean up scripts/kallsyms.c
- refactor various Makefiles and scripts
* tag 'kbuild-v5.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (59 commits)
MAINTAINERS: update Kbuild/Kconfig maintainer's email address
scripts/kallsyms: remove redundant initializers
scripts/kallsyms: put check_symbol_range() calls close together
scripts/kallsyms: make check_symbol_range() void function
scripts/kallsyms: move ignored symbol types to is_ignored_symbol()
scripts/kallsyms: move more patterns to the ignored_prefixes array
scripts/kallsyms: skip ignored symbols very early
scripts/kallsyms: add const qualifiers where possible
scripts/kallsyms: make find_token() return (unsigned char *)
scripts/kallsyms: replace prefix_underscores_count() with strspn()
scripts/kallsyms: add sym_name() to mitigate cast ugliness
scripts/kallsyms: remove unneeded length check for prefix matching
scripts/kallsyms: remove redundant is_arm_mapping_symbol()
scripts/kallsyms: set relative_base more effectively
scripts/kallsyms: shrink table before sorting it
scripts/kallsyms: fix definitely-lost memory leak
scripts/kallsyms: remove unneeded #ifndef ARRAY_SIZE
kbuild: make single target builds even faster
modpost: respect the previous export when 'exported twice' is warned
modpost: do not set ->preloaded for symbols from Module.symvers
...
Commit 2dffd23f81 ("kbuild: make single target builds much faster")
made the situation much better.
To improve it even more, apply the similar idea to the top Makefile.
Trim unrelated directories from build-dirs.
The single build code must be moved above the 'descend' target.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer (KCSAN) is a dynamic data-race detector for
kernel space. KCSAN is a sampling watchpoint-based data-race detector.
See the included Documentation/dev-tools/kcsan.rst for more details.
This patch adds basic infrastructure, but does not yet enable KCSAN for
any architecture.
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Currently, some sanity checks for uapi headers are done by
scripts/headers_check.pl, which is wired up to the 'headers_check'
target in the top Makefile.
It is true compiling headers has better test coverage, but there
are still several headers excluded from the compile test. I like
to keep headers_check.pl for a while, but we can delete a lot of
code by moving the build rule to usr/include/Makefile.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
There are both positive and negative options about this feature.
At first, I thought it was a good idea, but actually Linus stated a
negative opinion (https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/9/29/227). I admit it
is ugly and annoying.
The baseline I'd like to keep is the compile-test of uapi headers.
(Otherwise, kernel developers have no way to ensure the correctness
of the exported headers.)
I will maintain a small build rule in usr/include/Makefile.
Remove the other header test functionality.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Sparse uses the same executable for all archs and uses flags
like -m64, -mbig-endian or -D__arm__ for arch-specific parameters.
But Sparse also uses value from the host machine used to build
Sparse as default value for the target machine.
This works, of course, well for native build but can create
problems when cross-compiling, like defining both '__i386__'
and '__arm__' when cross-compiling for arm on a x86-64 machine.
Fix this by explicitely telling sparse the target architecture.
Reported-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Luc Van Oostenryck <luc.vanoostenryck@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
scripts/nsdeps is written to take care of only in-tree modules.
Perhaps, this is not a bug, but just a design. At least,
Documentation/core-api/symbol-namespaces.rst focuses on in-tree modules.
Having said that, some people already tried nsdeps for external modules.
So, it would be nice to support it.
Reported-by: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Tested-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
The modpost, with the -d option given, generates per-module .ns_deps
files.
Kbuild generates per-module .mod files to carry module information.
This is convenient because Make handles multiple jobs in parallel
when the -j option is given.
On the other hand, the modpost always runs as a single thread.
I do not see a strong reason to produce separate .ns_deps files.
This commit changes the modpost to generate just one file,
modules.nsdeps, each line of which has the following format:
<module_name>: <list of missing namespaces>
Please note it contains *missing* namespaces instead of required ones.
So, modules.nsdeps is empty if the namespace dependency is all good.
This will work more efficiently because spatch will no longer process
already imported namespaces. I removed the '(if needed)' from the
nsdeps log since spatch is invoked only when needed.
This also solves the stale .ns_deps problem reported by Jessica Yu:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/10/28/467
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Tested-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
'make nsdeps' invokes the modpost three times at most; before linking
vmlinux, before building modules, and finally for generating .ns_deps
files. Running the modpost again and again is not efficient.
The last two can be unified. When the -d option is given, the modpost
still does the usual job, and in addition, generates .ns_deps files.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
There are 6 defconfigs with names longer than 24 characters, breaking
alignment in "make help".
The "winner" is "ecovec24-romimage_defconfig", counting in at 27
characters.
Extend the defconfig field size to 27 to restore alignment.
Don't use a larger value, to not encourage people to create even longer
defconfig names.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Some "make help" text lines extend beyond 80 characters.
Wrap them before an opening parenthesis, or before 80 characters.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
When single-build is set, everything in $(MAKECMDGOALS) is a single
target. You can use $(MAKECMDGOALS) to list out the single targets.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
- Fix broken external module builds due to a modpost bug in read_dump(),
where the namespace was not being strdup'd and sym->namespace would be
set to bogus data.
- Various namespace-related kbuild fixes and cleanups thanks to
Masahiro Yamada.
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'modules-for-v5.4-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux
Pull module fixes from Jessica Yu:
"Code cleanups and kbuild/namespace related fixups from Masahiro.
Most importantly, it fixes a namespace-related modpost issue for
external module builds
- Fix broken external module builds due to a modpost bug in
read_dump(), where the namespace was not being strdup'd and
sym->namespace would be set to bogus data.
- Various namespace-related kbuild fixes and cleanups thanks to
Masahiro Yamada"
* tag 'modules-for-v5.4-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux:
doc: move namespaces.rst from kbuild/ to core-api/
nsdeps: make generated patches independent of locale
nsdeps: fix hashbang of scripts/nsdeps
kbuild: fix build error of 'make nsdeps' in clean tree
module: rename __kstrtab_ns_* to __kstrtabns_* to avoid symbol conflict
modpost: fix broken sym->namespace for external module builds
module: swap the order of symbol.namespace
scripts: add_namespace: Fix coccicheck failed
This Kselftest update for Linux 5.4-rc3 consists fixes for existing
tests and the framework. Cristian Marussi's patches add ability to
skip targets (tests) and exclude tests that didn't build from run-list.
These patches improve the Kselftest results. Ability to skip targets
helps avoid running tests that aren't supported in certain environments.
As an example, bpf tests from mainline aren't supported on stable kernels
and have dependency on bleeding edge llvm. Being able to skip bpf on
systems that can't meet this llvm dependency will be helpful.
Kselftest can be built and installed from the main Makefile. This change
help simplify Kselftest use-cases which addresses request from users.
Kees Cook added per test timeout support to limit individual test run-time.
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Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-5.4-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest
Pull Kselftest fixes from Shuah Khan:
"Fixes for existing tests and the framework.
Cristian Marussi's patches add the ability to skip targets (tests) and
exclude tests that didn't build from run-list. These patches improve
the Kselftest results. Ability to skip targets helps avoid running
tests that aren't supported in certain environments. As an example,
bpf tests from mainline aren't supported on stable kernels and have
dependency on bleeding edge llvm. Being able to skip bpf on systems
that can't meet this llvm dependency will be helpful.
Kselftest can be built and installed from the main Makefile. This
change help simplify Kselftest use-cases which addresses request from
users.
Kees Cook added per test timeout support to limit individual test
run-time"
* tag 'linux-kselftest-5.4-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest:
selftests: watchdog: Add command line option to show watchdog_info
selftests: watchdog: Validate optional file argument
selftests/kselftest/runner.sh: Add 45 second timeout per test
kselftest: exclude failed TARGETS from runlist
kselftest: add capability to skip chosen TARGETS
selftests: Add kselftest-all and kselftest-install targets
Running 'make nsdeps' in a clean source tree fails as follows:
$ make -s clean; make -s defconfig; make nsdeps
[ snip ]
awk: fatal: cannot open file `init/modules.order' for reading (No such file or directory)
make: *** [Makefile;1307: modules.order] Error 2
make: *** Deleting file 'modules.order'
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
The cause of the error is 'make nsdeps' does not build modules at all.
Set KBUILD_MODULES to fix it.
Reviewed-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Add kselftest-all target to build tests from the top level
Makefile. This is to simplify kselftest use-cases for CI and
distributions where build and test systems are different.
Current kselftest target builds and runs tests on a development
system which is a developer use-case.
Add kselftest-install target to install tests from the top level
Makefile. This is to simplify kselftest use-cases for CI and
distributions where build and test systems are different.
This change addresses requests from developers and testers to add
support for installing kselftest from the main Makefile.
In addition, make the install directory the same when install is
run using "make kselftest-install" or by running kselftest_install.sh.
Also fix the INSTALL_PATH variable conflict between main Makefile and
selftests Makefile.
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Commit 40df759e2b ("kbuild: Fix build with binutils <= 2.19")
introduced ar-option and KBUILD_ARFLAGS to deal with old binutils.
According to Documentation/process/changes.rst, the current minimal
supported version of binutils is 2.21 so you can assume the 'D' option
is always supported. Not only GNU ar but also llvm-ar supports it.
With the 'D' option hard-coded, there is no more user of ar-option
or KBUILD_ARFLAGS.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Summary of modules changes for the 5.4 merge window:
- Introduce exported symbol namespaces.
This new feature allows subsystem maintainers to partition and
categorize their exported symbols into explicit namespaces. Module
authors are now required to import the namespaces they need.
Some of the main motivations of this feature include: allowing kernel
developers to better manage the export surface, allow subsystem
maintainers to explicitly state that usage of some exported symbols
should only be limited to certain users (think: inter-module or
inter-driver symbols, debugging symbols, etc), as well as more easily
limiting the availability of namespaced symbols to other parts of the
kernel. With the module import requirement, it is also easier to spot
the misuse of exported symbols during patch review. Two new macros are
introduced: EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS() and EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(). The API is
thoroughly documented in Documentation/kbuild/namespaces.rst.
- Some small code and kbuild cleanups here and there.
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Merge tag 'modules-for-v5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux
Pull modules updates from Jessica Yu:
"The main bulk of this pull request introduces a new exported symbol
namespaces feature. The number of exported symbols is increasingly
growing with each release (we're at about 31k exports as of 5.3-rc7)
and we currently have no way of visualizing how these symbols are
"clustered" or making sense of this huge export surface.
Namespacing exported symbols allows kernel developers to more
explicitly partition and categorize exported symbols, as well as more
easily limiting the availability of namespaced symbols to other parts
of the kernel. For starters, we have introduced the USB_STORAGE
namespace to demonstrate the API's usage. I have briefly summarized
the feature and its main motivations in the tag below.
Summary:
- Introduce exported symbol namespaces.
This new feature allows subsystem maintainers to partition and
categorize their exported symbols into explicit namespaces. Module
authors are now required to import the namespaces they need.
Some of the main motivations of this feature include: allowing
kernel developers to better manage the export surface, allow
subsystem maintainers to explicitly state that usage of some
exported symbols should only be limited to certain users (think:
inter-module or inter-driver symbols, debugging symbols, etc), as
well as more easily limiting the availability of namespaced symbols
to other parts of the kernel.
With the module import requirement, it is also easier to spot the
misuse of exported symbols during patch review.
Two new macros are introduced: EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS() and
EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(). The API is thoroughly documented in
Documentation/kbuild/namespaces.rst.
- Some small code and kbuild cleanups here and there"
* tag 'modules-for-v5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeyu/linux:
module: Remove leftover '#undef' from export header
module: remove unneeded casts in cmp_name()
module: move CONFIG_UNUSED_SYMBOLS to the sub-menu of MODULES
module: remove redundant 'depends on MODULES'
module: Fix link failure due to invalid relocation on namespace offset
usb-storage: export symbols in USB_STORAGE namespace
usb-storage: remove single-use define for debugging
docs: Add documentation for Symbol Namespaces
scripts: Coccinelle script for namespace dependencies.
modpost: add support for generating namespace dependencies
export: allow definition default namespaces in Makefiles or sources
module: add config option MODULE_ALLOW_MISSING_NAMESPACE_IMPORTS
modpost: add support for symbol namespaces
module: add support for symbol namespaces.
export: explicitly align struct kernel_symbol
module: support reading multiple values per modinfo tag
- add modpost warn exported symbols marked as 'static' because 'static'
and EXPORT_SYMBOL is an odd combination
- break the build early if gold linker is used
- optimize the Bison rule to produce .c and .h files by a single
pattern rule
- handle PREEMPT_RT in the module vermagic and UTS_VERSION
- warn CONFIG options leaked to the user-space except existing ones
- make single targets work properly
- rebuild modules when module linker scripts are updated
- split the module final link stage into scripts/Makefile.modfinal
- fix the missed error code in merge_config.sh
- improve the error message displayed on the attempt of the O= build
in unclean source tree
- remove 'clean-dirs' syntax
- disable -Wimplicit-fallthrough warning for Clang
- add CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE_O3 for ARC
- remove ARCH_{CPP,A,C}FLAGS variables
- add $(BASH) to run bash scripts
- change *CFLAGS_<basetarget>.o to take the relative path to $(obj)
instead of the basename
- stop suppressing Clang's -Wunused-function warnings when W=1
- fix linux/export.h to avoid genksyms calculating CRC of trimmed
exported symbols
- misc cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- add modpost warn exported symbols marked as 'static' because 'static'
and EXPORT_SYMBOL is an odd combination
- break the build early if gold linker is used
- optimize the Bison rule to produce .c and .h files by a single
pattern rule
- handle PREEMPT_RT in the module vermagic and UTS_VERSION
- warn CONFIG options leaked to the user-space except existing ones
- make single targets work properly
- rebuild modules when module linker scripts are updated
- split the module final link stage into scripts/Makefile.modfinal
- fix the missed error code in merge_config.sh
- improve the error message displayed on the attempt of the O= build in
unclean source tree
- remove 'clean-dirs' syntax
- disable -Wimplicit-fallthrough warning for Clang
- add CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE_O3 for ARC
- remove ARCH_{CPP,A,C}FLAGS variables
- add $(BASH) to run bash scripts
- change *CFLAGS_<basetarget>.o to take the relative path to $(obj)
instead of the basename
- stop suppressing Clang's -Wunused-function warnings when W=1
- fix linux/export.h to avoid genksyms calculating CRC of trimmed
exported symbols
- misc cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (63 commits)
genksyms: convert to SPDX License Identifier for lex.l and parse.y
modpost: use __section in the output to *.mod.c
modpost: use MODULE_INFO() for __module_depends
export.h, genksyms: do not make genksyms calculate CRC of trimmed symbols
export.h: remove defined(__KERNEL__), which is no longer needed
kbuild: allow Clang to find unused static inline functions for W=1 build
kbuild: rename KBUILD_ENABLE_EXTRA_GCC_CHECKS to KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN
kbuild: refactor scripts/Makefile.extrawarn
merge_config.sh: ignore unwanted grep errors
kbuild: change *FLAGS_<basetarget>.o to take the path relative to $(obj)
modpost: add NOFAIL to strndup
modpost: add guid_t type definition
kbuild: add $(BASH) to run scripts with bash-extension
kbuild: remove ARCH_{CPP,A,C}FLAGS
kbuild,arc: add CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE_O3 for ARC
kbuild: Do not enable -Wimplicit-fallthrough for clang for now
kbuild: clean up subdir-ymn calculation in Makefile.clean
kbuild: remove unneeded '+' marker from cmd_clean
kbuild: remove clean-dirs syntax
kbuild: check clean srctree even earlier
...
- A bunch of DT binding conversions to DT schema format
- Clean-ups of the Arm idle-states binding
- Support a default number of cells in of_for_each_phandle() when the
cells name is missing
- Expose dtbs_check and dt_binding_check in the make help
- Convert writting-schema.md to ReST
- HiSilicon reset controller binding updates
- Add documentation for MT8516 RNG
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Merge tag 'devicetree-for-5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux
Pull Devicetree updates from Rob Herring:
- a bunch of DT binding conversions to DT schema format
- clean-ups of the Arm idle-states binding
- support a default number of cells in of_for_each_phandle() when the
cells name is missing
- expose dtbs_check and dt_binding_check in the make help
- convert writting-schema.md to ReST
- HiSilicon reset controller binding updates
- add documentation for MT8516 RNG
* tag 'devicetree-for-5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux: (46 commits)
of: restore old handling of cells_name=NULL in of_*_phandle_with_args()
bus: qcom: fix spelling mistake "ambigous" -> "ambiguous"
of: Let of_for_each_phandle fallback to non-negative cell_count
iommu: pass cell_count = -1 to of_for_each_phandle with cells_name
dt-bindings: arm: Convert Realtek board/soc bindings to json-schema
dt-bindings: arm: Convert Actions Semi bindings to jsonschema
dt-bindings: Correct spelling in example schema
dt-bindings: cpu: Add a support cpu type for cortex-a55
dt-bindings: gpu: mali-midgard: Add samsung exynos5250 compatible
dt-bindings: arm: idle-states: Move exit-latency-us explanation
dt-bindings: arm: idle-states: Add punctuation to improve readability
dt-bindings: arm: idle-states: Correct "constraint guarantees"
dt-bindings: arm: idle-states: Correct references to wake-up delay
dt-bindings: arm: idle-states: Use "e.g." and "i.e." consistently
pinctrl-mcp23s08: Fix property-name in dt-example
dt-bindings: Clarify interrupts-extended usage
dt-bindings: Convert Arm Mali Utgard GPU to DT schema
dt-bindings: Convert Arm Mali Bifrost GPU to DT schema
dt-bindings: Convert Arm Mali Midgard GPU to DT schema
dt-bindings: irq: Convert Allwinner NMI Controller to a schema
...
- 52-bit virtual addressing in the kernel
- New ABI to allow tagged user pointers to be dereferenced by syscalls
- Early RNG seeding by the bootloader
- Improve robustness of SMP boot
- Fix TLB invalidation in light of recent architectural clarifications
- Support for i.MX8 DDR PMU
- Remove direct LSE instruction patching in favour of static keys
- Function error injection using kprobes
- Support for the PPTT "thread" flag introduced by ACPI 6.3
- Move PSCI idle code into proper cpuidle driver
- Relaxation of implicit I/O memory barriers
- Build with RELR relocations when toolchain supports them
- Numerous cleanups and non-critical fixes
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Will Deacon:
"Although there isn't tonnes of code in terms of line count, there are
a fair few headline features which I've noted both in the tag and also
in the merge commits when I pulled everything together.
The part I'm most pleased with is that we had 35 contributors this
time around, which feels like a big jump from the usual small group of
core arm64 arch developers. Hopefully they all enjoyed it so much that
they'll continue to contribute, but we'll see.
It's probably worth highlighting that we've pulled in a branch from
the risc-v folks which moves our CPU topology code out to where it can
be shared with others.
Summary:
- 52-bit virtual addressing in the kernel
- New ABI to allow tagged user pointers to be dereferenced by
syscalls
- Early RNG seeding by the bootloader
- Improve robustness of SMP boot
- Fix TLB invalidation in light of recent architectural
clarifications
- Support for i.MX8 DDR PMU
- Remove direct LSE instruction patching in favour of static keys
- Function error injection using kprobes
- Support for the PPTT "thread" flag introduced by ACPI 6.3
- Move PSCI idle code into proper cpuidle driver
- Relaxation of implicit I/O memory barriers
- Build with RELR relocations when toolchain supports them
- Numerous cleanups and non-critical fixes"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (114 commits)
arm64: remove __iounmap
arm64: atomics: Use K constraint when toolchain appears to support it
arm64: atomics: Undefine internal macros after use
arm64: lse: Make ARM64_LSE_ATOMICS depend on JUMP_LABEL
arm64: asm: Kill 'asm/atomic_arch.h'
arm64: lse: Remove unused 'alt_lse' assembly macro
arm64: atomics: Remove atomic_ll_sc compilation unit
arm64: avoid using hard-coded registers for LSE atomics
arm64: atomics: avoid out-of-line ll/sc atomics
arm64: Use correct ll/sc atomic constraints
jump_label: Don't warn on __exit jump entries
docs/perf: Add documentation for the i.MX8 DDR PMU
perf/imx_ddr: Add support for AXI ID filtering
arm64: kpti: ensure patched kernel text is fetched from PoU
arm64: fix fixmap copy for 16K pages and 48-bit VA
perf/smmuv3: Validate groups for global filtering
perf/smmuv3: Validate group size
arm64: Relax Documentation/arm64/tagged-pointers.rst
arm64: kvm: Replace hardcoded '1' with SYS_PAR_EL1_F
arm64: mm: Ignore spurious translation faults taken from the kernel
...
A script that uses the '<module>.ns_deps' files generated by modpost to
automatically add the required symbol namespace dependencies to each
module.
Usage:
1) Move some symbols to a namespace with EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS() or define
DEFAULT_SYMBOL_NAMESPACE
2) Run 'make' (or 'make modules') and get warnings about modules not
importing that namespace.
3) Run 'make nsdeps' to automatically add required import statements
to said modules.
This makes it easer for subsystem maintainers to introduce and maintain
symbol namespaces into their codebase.
Co-developed-by: Martijn Coenen <maco@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Martijn Coenen <maco@android.com>
Acked-by: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
This patch adds an option to modpost to generate a <module>.ns_deps file
per module, containing the namespace dependencies for that module.
E.g. if the linked module my-module.ko would depend on the symbol
myfunc.MY_NS in the namespace MY_NS, the my-module.ns_deps file created
by modpost would contain the entry MY_NS to express the namespace
dependency of my-module imposed by using the symbol myfunc.
These files can subsequently be used by static analysis tools (like
coccinelle scripts) to address issues with missing namespace imports. A
later patch of this series will introduce such a script 'nsdeps' and a
corresponding make target to automatically add missing
MODULE_IMPORT_NS() definitions to the module's sources. For that it uses
the information provided in the generated .ns_deps files.
Co-developed-by: Martijn Coenen <maco@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Martijn Coenen <maco@android.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Maennich <maennich@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
KBUILD_ENABLE_EXTRA_GCC_CHECKS started as a switch to add extra warning
options for GCC, but now it is a historical misnomer since we use it
also for Clang, DTC, and even kernel-doc.
Rename it to more sensible, shorter KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN.
For the backward compatibility, KBUILD_ENABLE_EXTRA_GCC_CHECKS is still
supported (but not advertised in the documentation).
I also fixed up 'make help', and updated the documentation.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
CONFIG_SHELL falls back to sh when bash is not installed on the system,
but nobody is testing such a case since bash is usually installed.
So, shell scripts invoked by CONFIG_SHELL are only tested with bash.
It makes it difficult to test whether the hashbang #!/bin/sh is real.
For example, #!/bin/sh in arch/powerpc/kernel/prom_init_check.sh is
false. (I fixed it up)
Besides, some shell scripts invoked by CONFIG_SHELL use bash-extension
and #!/bin/bash is specified as the hashbang, while CONFIG_SHELL may
not always be set to bash.
Probably, the right thing to do is to introduce BASH, which is bash by
default, and always set CONFIG_SHELL to sh. Replace $(CONFIG_SHELL)
with $(BASH) for bash scripts.
If somebody tries to add bash-extension to a #!/bin/sh script, it will
be caught in testing because /bin/sh is a symlink to dash on some major
distributions.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
These flags were added by commit 61754c1875 ("kbuild: Allow arch
Makefiles to override {cpp,ld,c}flags") to allow ARC to override -O2.
We did not see any other usage after all. Now that ARC switched to
CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE_O3, there is no more user of
these variables.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
arch/arc/Makefile overrides -O2 with -O3. This is the only user of
ARCH_CFLAGS. There is no user of ARCH_CPPFLAGS or ARCH_AFLAGS.
My plan is to remove ARCH_{CPP,A,C}FLAGS after refactoring the ARC
Makefile.
Currently, ARC has no way to enable -Wmaybe-uninitialized because both
-O3 and -Os disable it. Enabling it will be useful for compile-testing.
This commit allows allmodconfig (, which defaults to -O2) to enable it.
Add CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE_O3=y to all the defconfig files
in arch/arc/configs/ in order to keep the current config settings.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
This functionally reverts commit bfd77145f3 ("Makefile: Convert
-Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 to just -Wimplicit-fallthrough for clang").
clang enabled support for -Wimplicit-fallthrough in C in r369414 [1],
which causes a lot of warnings when building the kernel for two reasons:
1. Clang does not support the /* fall through */ comments. There seems
to be a general consensus in the LLVM community that this is not
something they want to support. Joe Perches wrote a script to convert
all of the comments to a "fallthrough" keyword that will be added to
compiler_attributes.h [2] [3], which catches the vast majority of the
comments. There doesn't appear to be any consensus in the kernel
community when to do this conversion.
2. Clang and GCC disagree about falling through to final case statements
with no content or cases that simply break:
https://godbolt.org/z/c8csDu
This difference contributes at least 50 warnings in an allyesconfig
build for x86, not considering other architectures. This difference
will need to be discussed to see which compiler is right [4] [5].
[1]: 1e0affb6e5
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/61ddbb86d5e68a15e24ccb06d9b399bbf5ce2da7.camel@perches.com/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1d2830aadbe9d8151728a7df5b88528fc72a0095.1564549413.git.joe@perches.com/
[4]: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=91432
[5]: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/636
Given these two problems need discussion and coordination, do not enable
-Wimplicit-fallthrough with clang right now. Add a comment to explain
what is going on as well. This commit should be reverted once these two
issues are fully flushed out and resolved.
Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Acked-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Move the outputmakefile target to the leftmost in the prerequisite list
so that this is checked first. GNU Make processes the prerequisites
left to right.
GNU Make will keep to stick to this behavior, and it seems even
POSIX standard, according to this:
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-make/2019-08/msg00030.html
The POSIX standard of make is available here:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/make.html
Of course, when the parallel option -j given, other targets will be run
simultaneously but it is nice to show the error as early as possible.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
If you try out-of-tree build with an unclean source tree, Kbuild
suggests to run make mrproper. The path to the source tree may be
shown with a relative path, for example, "make O=foo" emits the
following:
.. is not clean, please run 'make mrproper'
in the '..' directory.
This is somewhat confusing if you ran "make O=foo" in the source tree.
Using the absolute path will be clearer.
This commit changes the error message like follows:
***
*** The source tree is not clean, please run 'make mrproper'
*** in /absolute/path/to/linux
***
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Since commit 3a475b2166 ("kbuild: Inform user to pass ARCH= for make
mrproper"), if you try out-of-tree build with an unclean source tree,
it suggests to run 'make ARCH=<ARCH> mrproper'.
This looks odd when you are not cross-compiling the kernel. Show the
'ARCH=<ARCH>' part only when ARCH= was given from the command line.
If ARCH is the default (native build) or came from the environment,
it should simply suggest 'make mrproper' as before.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Commit 415008af32 ("docs-rst: convert lsm from DocBook to ReST")
stopped using if_changed_rule. There is no more users of if_changed*
for the doc targets. Hence, fixdep is unneeded. Remove the dependency
on scripts_basic.
All the doc targets are phony. The dependency on FORCE is not needed
either.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
This line contains $(MAKE), so Make knows that it will invoke sub-make
without help of the '+' marker.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
scripts/package/Makefile does not use $(obj) or $(src) at all.
It actually generates files and directories in the top of $(objtree).
I do not see much sense in descending into scripts/package/.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
I am not a big fan of the $(objtree)/ hack for clean-files/clean-dirs.
These are created in the top of $(objtree), so let's clean them up
from the top Makefile.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
I think splitting the modpost and linking modules into separate
Makefiles will be useful especially when more complex build steps
come in. The main motivation of this commit is to integrate the
proposed klp-convert feature cleanly.
I moved the logging 'Building modules, stage 2.' to Makefile.modpost
to avoid the code duplication although I do not know whether or not
this message is needed in the first place.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Currently, the timestamp of module linker scripts are not checked.
Add them to the dependency of modules so they are correctly rebuilt.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Currently, the single target build directly descends into the directory
of the target. For example,
$ make foo/bar/baz.o
... directly descends into foo/bar/.
On the other hand, the normal build usually descends one directory at
a time, i.e. descends into foo/, and then foo/bar/.
This difference causes some problems.
[1] miss subdir-asflags-y, subdir-ccflags-y in upper Makefiles
The options in subdir-{as,cc}flags-y take effect in the current
and its sub-directories. In other words, they are inherited
downward. In the example above, the single target will miss
subdir-{as,cc}flags-y if they are defined in foo/Makefile.
[2] could be built in a different directory
As Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst section 4.3 says, Kbuild can
handle files that are spread over several sub-directories.
The build rule of foo/bar/baz.o may not necessarily be specified in
foo/bar/Makefile. It might be specifies in foo/Makefile as follows:
[foo/Makefile]
obj-y := bar/baz.o
This often happens when a module is so big that its source files
are divided into sub-directories.
In this case, there is no Makefile in the foo/bar/ directory, yet
the single target descends into foo/bar/, then fails due to the
missing Makefile. You can still do 'make foo/bar/' for partial
building, but cannot do 'make foo/bar/baz.s'. I believe the single
target '%.s' is a useful feature for inspecting the compiler output.
Some modules work around this issue by putting an empty Makefile
in every sub-directory.
This commit fixes those problems by making the single target build
descend in the same way as the normal build does.
Another change is the single target build will observe the CONFIG
options. Previously, it allowed users to build the foo.o even when
the corresponding CONFIG_FOO is disabled:
obj-$(CONFIG_FOO) += foo.o
In the new behavior, the single target build will just fail and show
"No rule to make target ..." (or "Nothing to be done for ..." if the
stale object already exists, but cannot be updated).
The disadvantage of this commit is the build speed. Now that the
single target build visits every directory and parses lots of
Makefiles, it is slower than before. (But, I hope it will not be
too slow.)
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
The in-kernel build and external module build have similar code
for descending into sub-directories.
Factor out the code into the common place.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
There is no need to set 0 to variables such as config-targets,
mixed-targets, etc.
Unset instead of setting 0 in order to use 'ifdef' to test them.
I also renamed:
config-targets -> config-build
mixed-targets -> mixed-build
dot-config -> need-config
to clarify what we are doing.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
'make clean' descends into ./Kbuild, but does not clean anything
since everything is added to no-clean-files.
There is no need to descend to ./Kbuild in the first place.
We can drop the no-clean-files assignment.
With this, there is no more user of no-clean-files. I will keep it
for a while to see whether a new user will appear.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
'make /' is just an alias for 'make ./'; this builds all objects of an
external module, but skips the modpost stage.
I am not a big fan of 'make /' since it looks as if it were touching
the root directory of the system. I like 'make ./' better.
I do not know how many people are using it, but let's show a hint if
it is used. Also, move it close to the external module rules since
this only makes sense for external modules.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
$(objtree)/Module.symvers is not required for descending into
sub-directories. It is needed for the modpost stage.
Move the Module.symvers check to the right place.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
It wasn't obvious that this was a command to run based on 'make help',
so add it to the top-level help for devicetree builds. Also, add an
example to the documentation to show that db_binding_check can be run
with DT_SCHEMA_FILES= to only check one schema file instead of all of
them.
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: <linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <devicetree@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <linux-doc@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org>
[robh: fix-up due to .md to .rst conversion]
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
A compilation -Wimplicit-fallthrough warning was enabled by commit
a035d552a9 ("Makefile: Globally enable fall-through warning")
Even though clang 10.0.0 does not currently support this warning without
a patch, clang currently does not support a value for this option.
Link: https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=39382
The gcc default for this warning is 3 so removing the =3 has no effect
for gcc and enables the warning for patched versions of clang.
Also remove the =3 from an existing use in a parisc Makefile:
arch/parisc/math-emu/Makefile
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Cc: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- revive single target %.ko
- do not create built-in.a where it is unneeded
- do not create modules.order where it is unneeded
- show a warning if subdir-y/m is used to visit a module Makefile
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Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.3-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada:
- revive single target %.ko
- do not create built-in.a where it is unneeded
- do not create modules.order where it is unneeded
- show a warning if subdir-y/m is used to visit a module Makefile
* tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.3-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
kbuild: show hint if subdir-y/m is used to visit module Makefile
kbuild: generate modules.order only in directories visited by obj-y/m
kbuild: fix false-positive need-builtin calculation
kbuild: revive single target %.ko
Since commit ff9b45c55b ("kbuild: modpost: read modules.order instead
of $(MODVERDIR)/*.mod"), a module is no longer built in the following
pattern:
[Makefile]
subdir-y := some-module
[some-module/Makefile]
obj-m := some-module.o
You cannot write Makefile this way in upstream because modules.order is
not correctly generated. subdir-y is used to descend to a sub-directory
that builds tools, device trees, etc.
For external modules, the modules order does not matter. So, the
Makefile above was known to work.
I believe the Makefile should be re-written as follows:
[Makefile]
obj-m := some-module/
[some-module/Makefile]
obj-m := some-module.o
However, people will have no idea if their Makefile suddenly stops
working. In fact, I received questions from multiple people.
Show a warning for a while if obj-m is specified in a Makefile visited
by subdir-y or subdir-m.
I touched the %/ rule to avoid false-positive warnings for the single
target.
Cc: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Cc: Tom Stonecypher <thomas.edwardx.stonecypher@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
I removed the single target %.ko in commit ff9b45c55b ("kbuild:
modpost: read modules.order instead of $(MODVERDIR)/*.mod") because
the modpost stage does not work reliably. For instance, the module
dependency, modversion, etc. do not work if we lack symbol information
from the other modules.
Yet, some people still want to build only one module in their interest,
and it may be still useful if it is used within those limitations.
Fixes: ff9b45c55b ("kbuild: modpost: read modules.order instead of $(MODVERDIR)/*.mod")
Reported-by: Don Brace <don.brace@microsemi.com>
Reported-by: Arend Van Spriel <arend.vanspriel@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Define and export OBJSIZE variable for "size" tool from binutils to be
used in architecture specific Makefiles (naming the variable just "SIZE"
would be too risky). In particular this tool is useful to perform checks
that early boot code is not using bss section (which might have not been
zeroed yet or intersects with initrd or other files boot loader might
have put right after the linux kernel).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/patch-1.thread-2257a1.git-188f5a3d81d5.your-ad-here.call-01565088755-ext-5120@work.hours
Acked-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
RELR is a relocation packing format for relative relocations.
The format is described in a generic-abi proposal:
https://groups.google.com/d/topic/generic-abi/bX460iggiKg/discussion
The LLD linker can be instructed to pack relocations in the RELR
format by passing the flag --pack-dyn-relocs=relr.
This patch adds a new config option, CONFIG_RELR. Enabling this option
instructs the linker to pack vmlinux's relative relocations in the RELR
format, and causes the kernel to apply the relocations at startup along
with the RELA relocations. RELA relocations still need to be applied
because the linker will emit RELA relative relocations if they are
unrepresentable in the RELR format (i.e. address not a multiple of 2).
Enabling CONFIG_RELR reduces the size of a defconfig kernel image
with CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE by 3.5MB/16% uncompressed, or 550KB/5%
compressed (lz4).
Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
CLANG_FLAGS is initialized by the following line:
CLANG_FLAGS := --target=$(notdir $(CROSS_COMPILE:%-=%))
..., which is run only when CROSS_COMPILE is set.
Some build targets (bindeb-pkg etc.) recurse to the top Makefile.
When you build the kernel with Clang but without CROSS_COMPILE,
the same compiler flags such as -no-integrated-as are accumulated
into CLANG_FLAGS.
If you run 'make CC=clang' and then 'make CC=clang bindeb-pkg',
Kbuild will recompile everything needlessly due to the build command
change.
Fix this by correctly initializing CLANG_FLAGS.
Fixes: 238bcbc4e0 ("kbuild: consolidate Clang compiler flags")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v5.0+
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Now that all the fall-through warnings have been addressed in the
kernel, enable the fall-through warning globally.
Also, update the deprecated.rst file to include implicit fall-through
as 'deprecated' so people can be pointed to a single location for
justification.
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <michal.lkml@markovi.net>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
The gcc -fcf-protection=branch option is not compatible with
-mindirect-branch=thunk-extern. The latter is used when
CONFIG_RETPOLINE is selected, and this will fail to build with
a gcc which has -fcf-protection=branch enabled by default. Adding
-fcf-protection=none when building with retpoline enabled
prevents such build failures.
Signed-off-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
While descending directories, Kbuild produces objects for modules,
but do not link final *.ko files; it is done in the modpost.
To keep track of modules, Kbuild creates a *.mod file in $(MODVERDIR)
for every module it is building. Some post-processing steps read the
necessary information from *.mod files. This avoids descending into
directories again. This mechanism was introduced in 2003 or so.
Later, commit 551559e13a ("kbuild: implement modules.order") added
modules.order. So, we can simply read it out to know all the modules
with directory paths. This is easier than parsing the first line of
*.mod files.
$(MODVERDIR) has a flat directory structure, that is, *.mod files
are named only with base names. This is based on the assumption that
the module name is unique across the tree. This assumption is really
fragile.
Stephen Rothwell reported a race condition caused by a module name
conflict:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/5/13/991
In parallel building, two different threads could write to the same
$(MODVERDIR)/*.mod simultaneously.
Non-unique module names are the source of all kind of troubles, hence
commit 3a48a91901 ("kbuild: check uniqueness of module names")
introduced a new checker script.
However, it is still fragile in the build system point of view because
this race happens before scripts/modules-check.sh is invoked. If it
happens again, the modpost will emit unclear error messages.
To fix this issue completely, create *.mod with full directory path
so that two threads never attempt to write to the same file.
$(MODVERDIR) is no longer needed.
Since modules with directory paths are listed in modules.order, Kbuild
is still able to find *.mod files without additional descending.
I also killed cmd_secanalysis; scripts/mod/sumversion.c computes MD4 hash
for modules with MODULE_VERSION(). When CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y,
it occurs not only in the modpost stage, but also during directory
descending, where sumversion.c may parse stale *.mod files. It would emit
'No such file or directory' warning when an object consisting a module is
renamed, or when a single-obj module is turned into a multi-obj module or
vice versa.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Towards the goal of removing MODVERDIR, read out modules.order to get
the list of modules to be processed. This is simpler than parsing *.mod
files in $(MODVERDIR).
For external modules, $(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/modules.order should be read.
I removed the single target %.ko from the top Makefile. To make sure
modpost works correctly, vmlinux and the other modules must be built.
You cannot build a particular .ko file alone.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Removing the 'kernel/' prefix will make our life easier because we can
simply do 'cat modules.order' to get all built modules with full paths.
Currently, we parse the first line of '*.mod' files in $(MODVERDIR).
Since we have duplicated functionality here, I plan to remove MODVERDIR
entirely.
In fact, modules.order is generated also for external modules in a
broken format. It adds the 'kernel/' prefix to the absolute path of
the module, like this:
kernel//path/to/your/external/module/foo.ko
This is fine for now since modules.order is not used for external
modules. However, I want to sanitize the format everywhere towards
the goal of removing MODVERDIR.
We cannot change the format of installed module.{order,builtin}.
So, 'make modules_install' will add the 'kernel/' prefix while copying
them to $(MODLIB)/.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Currently, $(objtree)/modules.order is touched in two places.
In the 'prepare0' rule, scripts/Makefile.build creates an empty
modules.order while processing 'obj=.'
In the 'modules' rule, the top-level Makefile overwrites it with
the correct list of modules.
While this might be a good side-effect that modules.order is made
empty every time (probably this is not intended functionality),
I personally do not like this behavior.
Create modules.order only when it is sensible to do so.
This avoids creating the following pointless files:
scripts/basic/modules.order
scripts/dtc/modules.order
scripts/gcc-plugins/modules.order
scripts/genksyms/modules.order
scripts/mod/modules.order
scripts/modules.order
scripts/selinux/genheaders/modules.order
scripts/selinux/mdp/modules.order
scripts/selinux/modules.order
Going forward, $(objtree)/modules.order lists the modules that
was built in the last successful build.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
It takes somewhat long time to generate these tag files.
Keep such precious files until we run 'make distclean'.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
As commit 1e0221374e ("mips: vdso: drop unnecessary cc-ldoption")
explained, these flags are supported by the minimal required version
of binutils. They are supported by ld.lld too.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
- remove headers_{install,check}_all targets
- remove unreasonable 'depends on !UML' from CONFIG_SAMPLES
- re-implement 'make headers_install' more cleanly
- add new header-test-y syntax to compile-test headers
- compile-test exported headers to ensure they are compilable in
user-space
- compile-test headers under include/ to ensure they are self-contained
- remove -Waggregate-return, -Wno-uninitialized, -Wno-unused-value flags
- add -Werror=unknown-warning-option for Clang
- add 128-bit built-in types support to genksyms
- fix missed rebuild of modules.builtin
- propagate 'No space left on device' error in fixdep to Make
- allow Clang to use its integrated assembler
- improve some coccinelle scripts
- add a new flag KBUILD_ABS_SRCTREE to request Kbuild to use absolute
path for $(srctree).
- do not ignore errors when compression utility is missing
- misc cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- remove headers_{install,check}_all targets
- remove unreasonable 'depends on !UML' from CONFIG_SAMPLES
- re-implement 'make headers_install' more cleanly
- add new header-test-y syntax to compile-test headers
- compile-test exported headers to ensure they are compilable in
user-space
- compile-test headers under include/ to ensure they are self-contained
- remove -Waggregate-return, -Wno-uninitialized, -Wno-unused-value
flags
- add -Werror=unknown-warning-option for Clang
- add 128-bit built-in types support to genksyms
- fix missed rebuild of modules.builtin
- propagate 'No space left on device' error in fixdep to Make
- allow Clang to use its integrated assembler
- improve some coccinelle scripts
- add a new flag KBUILD_ABS_SRCTREE to request Kbuild to use absolute
path for $(srctree).
- do not ignore errors when compression utility is missing
- misc cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (49 commits)
kbuild: use -- separater intead of $(filter-out ...) for cc-cross-prefix
kbuild: Inform user to pass ARCH= for make mrproper
kbuild: fix compression errors getting ignored
kbuild: add a flag to force absolute path for srctree
kbuild: replace KBUILD_SRCTREE with boolean building_out_of_srctree
kbuild: remove src and obj from the top Makefile
scripts/tags.sh: remove unused environment variables from comments
scripts/tags.sh: drop SUBARCH support for ARM
kbuild: compile-test kernel headers to ensure they are self-contained
kheaders: include only headers into kheaders_data.tar.xz
kheaders: remove meaningless -R option of 'ls'
kbuild: support header-test-pattern-y
kbuild: do not create wrappers for header-test-y
kbuild: compile-test exported headers to ensure they are self-contained
init/Kconfig: add CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK
kallsyms: exclude kasan local symbols on s390
kbuild: add more hints about SUBDIRS replacement
coccinelle: api/stream_open: treat all wait_.*() calls as blocking
coccinelle: put_device: Add a cast to an expression for an assignment
coccinelle: put_device: Adjust a message construction
...
When cross-compiling an out-of-tree build with an unclean source tree
directory, the build fails with:
/path/to/kernel/source/tree is not clean, please run 'make mrproper'
in the '/path/to/kernel/source/tree' directory.
However, doing so does not fix the problem, as "make mrproper" now
requires passing the target architecture to the make command, else it
won't remove $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated.
"git ls-files -o" doesn't give a clue, as it doesn't list (empty)
directories, only files.
Improve usability by including the ARCH= option in the error output.
Fixes: a788b2ed81 ("kbuild: check arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated before out-of-tree build")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
In old days, Kbuild always used an absolute path for $(srctree).
Since commit 890676c65d ("kbuild: Use relative path when building in
the source tree"), $(srctree) is '.' when O= was not passed from the
command line.
Yet, using absolute paths is useful in some cases even without O=, for
instance, to create a cscope file with absolute path tags.
'O=.' was known to work as a workaround to force Kbuild to use absolute
paths even when you are building in the source tree.
Since commit 25b146c5b8 ("kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any
directory"), Kbuild is too clever to be tricked. Even if you pass 'O=.'
Kbuild notices you are building in the source tree, then use '.' for
$(srctree).
So, 'make O=. cscope' is no help to create absolute path tags.
We cannot force one or the other according to commit e93bc1a0ca
("Revert "kbuild: specify absolute paths for cscope""). Both of
relative path and absolute path have pros and cons.
This commit adds a new flag KBUILD_ABS_SRCTREE to allow users to
choose the absolute path for $(srctree).
'make KBUILD_ABS_SRCTREE=1 cscope' will work as a replacement of
'make O=. cscope'.
Reported-by: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Commit 25b146c5b8 ("kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any directory")
deprecated KBUILD_SRCTREE.
It is only used in tools/testing/selftest/ to distinguish out-of-tree
build. Replace it with a new boolean flag, building_out_of_srctree.
I also replaced the conditional ($(srctree),.) because the next commit
will allow an absolute path to be used for $(srctree) even when building
in the source tree.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
The headers in include/ are globally used in the kernel source tree
to provide common APIs. They are included from external modules, too.
It will be useful to make as many headers self-contained as possible
so that we do not have to rely on a specific include order.
There are more than 4000 headers in include/. In my rough analysis,
70% of them are already self-contained. With efforts, most of them
can be self-contained.
For now, we must exclude more than 1000 headers just because they
cannot be compiled as standalone units. I added them to header-test-.
The blacklist was mostly generated by a script, so the reason of the
breakage should be checked later.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
header-test-y does not work with headers in sub-directories.
For example, you may want to write a Makefile, like this:
include/linux/Kbuild:
header-test-y += mtd/nand.h
This entry will create a wrapper include/linux/mtd/nand.hdrtest.c
with the following content:
#include "mtd/nand.h"
To make this work, we need to add $(srctree)/include/linux to the
header search path. It would be tedious to add ccflags-y.
Instead, we could change the *.hdrtest.c rule to wrap:
#include "nand.h"
This works for in-tree build since #include "..." searches in the
relative path from the header with this directive. For O=... build,
we need to add $(srctree)/include/linux/mtd to the header search path,
which will be even more tedious.
After all, I thought it would be handier to compile headers directly
without creating wrappers.
I added a new build rule to compile %.h into %.h.s
The target is %.h.s instead of %.h.o because it is slightly faster.
Also, as for GCC, an empty assembly is smaller than an empty object.
I wrote the build rule:
$(CC) $(c_flags) -S -o $@ -x c /dev/null -include $<
instead of:
$(CC) $(c_flags) -S -o $@ -x c $<
Both work fine with GCC, but the latter is bad for Clang.
This comes down to the difference in the -Wunused-function policy.
GCC does not warn about unused 'static inline' functions at all.
Clang does not warn about the ones in included headers, but does
about the ones in the source. So, we should handle headers as
headers, not as source files.
In fact, this has been hidden since commit abb2ea7dfd ("compiler,
clang: suppress warning for unused static inline functions"), but we
should not rely on that.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Tested-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Multiple people have suggested compile-testing UAPI headers to ensure
they can be really included from user-space. "make headers_check" is
obviously not enough to catch bugs, and we often leak unresolved
references to user-space.
Use the new header-test-y syntax to implement it. Please note exported
headers are compile-tested with a completely different set of compiler
flags. The header search path is set to $(objtree)/usr/include since
exported headers should not include unexported ones.
We use -std=gnu89 for the kernel space since the kernel code highly
depends on GNU extensions. On the other hand, UAPI headers should be
written in more standardized C, so they are compiled with -std=c90.
This will emit errors if C++ style comments, the keyword 'inline', etc.
are used. Please use C style comments (/* ... */), '__inline__', etc.
in UAPI headers.
There is additional compiler requirement to enable this test because
many of UAPI headers include <stdlib.h>, <sys/ioctl.h>, <sys/time.h>,
etc. directly or indirectly. You cannot use kernel.org pre-built
toolchains [1] since they lack <stdlib.h>.
I reused CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK to check the system header availability.
The intention is slightly different, but a compiler that can link
userspace programs provide system headers.
For now, a lot of headers need to be excluded because they cannot
be compiled standalone, but this is a good start point.
[1] https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/index.html
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Commit 0126be38d9 ("kbuild: announce removal of SUBDIRS if used")
added a hint about the 'SUBDIRS' replacement, but it was not clear
enough.
Multiple people sent me similar questions, patches. For instance,
https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/1/17/456
I did not mean to use M= for building a subdirectory in the kernel tree.
From commit 669efc76b3 ("net: hns3: fix compile error"), people
already (ab)use M=... to do that because it seems to work to some extent.
Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt says M= and KBUILD_EXTMOD are used for
building external modules.
In fact, Kbuild supports the single target '%/' for this purpose, but
this may not be noticed much.
Kindly add more hints.
Makefile:213: ================= WARNING ================
Makefile:214: 'SUBDIRS' will be removed after Linux 5.3
Makefile:215:
Makefile:216: If you are building an individual subdirectory
Makefile:217: in the kernel tree, you can do like this:
Makefile:218: $ make path/to/dir/you/want/to/build/
Makefile:219: (Do not forget the trailing slash)
Makefile:220:
Makefile:221: If you are building an external module,
Makefile:222: Please use 'M=' or 'KBUILD_EXTMOD' instead
Makefile:223: ==========================================
Suggested-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
There are some people interested in experimenting with Clang's
integrated assembler. To make it easy to do so without source
modification, allow the user to specify 'AS=clang' as part of the
make command to avoid adding '-no-integrated-as' to the {A,C}FLAGS.
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/577
Suggested-by: Dmitry Golovin <dima@golovin.in>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Unlike modules.order, modules.builtin is not rebuilt every time.
Once modules.builtin is created, it will not be updated until
auto.conf or tristate.conf is changed.
So, it does not notice a change in Makefile, for example, the rename
of modules.
Kbuild must always descend into directories for modules.builtin too.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
In commit ebcc5928c5 ("arm64: Silence gcc warnings about arch ABI
drift"), the arm64 Makefile added -Wno-psabi to KBUILD_CFLAGS, which is
a GCC only option so clang rightfully complains:
warning: unknown warning option '-Wno-psabi' [-Wunknown-warning-option]
https://clang.llvm.org/docs/DiagnosticsReference.html#wunknown-warning-option
However, by default, this is merely a warning so the build happily goes
on with a slew of these warnings in the process.
Commit c3f0d0bc5b ("kbuild, LLVMLinux: Add -Werror to cc-option to
support clang") worked around this behavior in cc-option by adding
-Werror so that unknown flags cause an error. However, this all happens
silently and when an unknown flag is added to the build unconditionally
like -Wno-psabi, cc-option will always fail because there is always an
unknown flag in the list of flags. This manifested as link time failures
in the arm64 libstub because -fno-stack-protector didn't get added to
KBUILD_CFLAGS.
To avoid these weird cryptic failures in the future, make clang behave
like gcc and immediately error when it encounters an unknown flag by
adding -Werror=unknown-warning-option to CLANG_FLAGS. This can be added
unconditionally for clang because it is supported by at least 3.0.0,
according to godbolt [1] and 4.0.0, according to its documentation [2],
which is far earlier than we typically support.
[1]: https://godbolt.org/z/7F7rm3
[2]: https://releases.llvm.org/4.0.0/tools/clang/docs/DiagnosticsReference.html#wunknown-warning-option
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/511
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/517
Suggested-by: Peter Smith <peter.smith@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Sometimes it's useful to be able to explicitly ensure certain headers
remain self-contained, i.e. that they are compilable as standalone
units, by including and/or forward declaring everything they depend on.
Add special target header-test-y where individual Makefiles can add
headers to be tested if CONFIG_HEADER_TEST is enabled. This will
generate a dummy C file per header that gets built as part of extra-y.
Signed-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Now that hdr-inst is used only in the top Makefile, move it there
from scripts/Kbuild.include.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Since commit fcc8487d47 ("uapi: export all headers under uapi
directories"), the headers in uapi directories are all exported by
default although exceptional cases are still allowed by the syntax
'no-export-headers'.
The traditional directory descending has been kept (in a somewhat
hacky way), but it is actually unneeded.
Get rid of it to simplify the code.
Also, handle files one by one instead of the previous per-directory
processing. This will emit much more log, but I like it.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
In Linux build system, build targets and installation targets are
separated.
Examples are:
- 'make vmlinux' -> 'make install'
- 'make modules' -> 'make modules_install'
- 'make dtbs' -> 'make dtbs_install'
- 'make vdso' -> 'make vdso_install'
The intention is to run the build targets under the normal privilege,
then the installation targets under the root privilege since we need
the write permission to the system directories.
We have 'make headers_install' but the corresponding 'make headers'
stage does not exist. The purpose of headers_install is to provide
the kernel interface to C library. So, nobody would try to install
headers to /usr/include directly.
If 'sudo make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/usr/include headers_install' were run,
some build artifacts in the kernel tree would be owned by root because
some of uapi headers are generated by 'uapi-asm-generic', 'archheaders'
targets.
Anyway, I believe it makes sense to split the header installation into
two stages.
[1] 'make headers'
Process headers in uapi directories by scripts/headers_install.sh
and copy them to usr/include
[2] 'make headers_install'
Copy '*.h' verbatim from usr/include to $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH)/include
For the backward compatibility, 'headers_install' depends on 'headers'.
Some samples expect uapi headers in usr/include. So, the 'headers'
target is useful to build up them in the fixed location usr/include
irrespective of INSTALL_HDR_PATH.
Another benefit is to stop polluting the final destination with the
time-stamp files '.install' and '.check'. Maybe you can see them in
your toolchains.
Lastly, my main motivation is to prepare for compile-testing uapi
headers. To build something, we have to save an object and .*.cmd
somewhere. The usr/include/ will be the work directory for that.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Currently, scripts/unifdef is compiled after scripts_basic,
uapi-asm-generic, archheaders, and archscripts.
The proper dependency is just scripts_basic. There is no problem
to compile scripts/unifdef and other headers at the same time.
Split scripts_unifdef out in order to allow more parallel building.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Since commit 2aedcd098a ("kbuild: suppress annoying "... is up to date."
message"), if_changed and friends nicely suppress "is up to date" messages.
We do not need per-Makefile tricks.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Commit 5318321d36 ("samples: disable CONFIG_SAMPLES for UML") used
a big hammer to fix the build errors under the samples/ directory.
Only some samples actually include uapi headers from usr/include.
Introduce CONFIG_HEADERS_INSTALL since 'depends on HEADERS_INSTALL' is
clearer than 'depends on !UML'. If this option is enabled, uapi headers
are installed before starting directory descending.
I added 'depends on HEADERS_INSTALL' to per-sample CONFIG options.
This allows UML to compile some samples.
$ make ARCH=um allmodconfig samples/
[ snip ]
CC [M] samples/configfs/configfs_sample.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/bytestream-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/dma-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/inttype-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/record-example.o
CC [M] samples/kobject/kobject-example.o
CC [M] samples/kobject/kset-example.o
CC [M] samples/trace_events/trace-events-sample.o
CC [M] samples/trace_printk/trace-printk.o
AR samples/vfio-mdev/built-in.a
AR samples/built-in.a
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
'gdb_script' needs headers generated by ./Kbuild, which is visited
by 'prepare0'. None of 'gdb_script' depends on 'prepare'.
Loosen the dependency.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Commit 8e2faea877 ("Make Documenation depend on headers_install")
dates back to 2014, which is before Sphinx was introduced for the
kernel documentation.
Since none of DOC_TARGET requires headers_install, it is strange to
run it only for the single target "Documentation/".
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
headers_install_all does not make much sense any more because different
architectures export different set of uapi/linux/ headers. As you see
in include/uapi/linux/Kbuild, the installation of a.out.h, kvm.h, and
kvm_para.h is arch-dependent. So, headers_install_all repeats the
installation/removal of them.
If somebody really thinks it is useful to do headers_install for all
architectures, it would be possible by small shell-scripting, but
the top Makefile does not have to provide entry targets just for that
purpose.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Current implementation of kselftest-merge only finds config files that
are one level deep using `$(srctree)/tools/testing/selftests/*/config`.
Often, config files are added in nested directories, and do not get
picked up by kselftest-merge.
Use `find` to catch all config files under
`$(srctree)/tools/testing/selftests` instead.
Signed-off-by: Dan Rue <dan.rue@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
In the recent build test of linux-next, Stephen saw a build error
caused by a broken .tmp_versions/*.mod file:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/5/13/991
drivers/net/phy/asix.ko and drivers/net/usb/asix.ko have the same
basename, and there is a race in generating .tmp_versions/asix.mod
Kbuild has not checked this before, and it suddenly shows up with
obscure error messages when this kind of race occurs.
Non-unique module names cause various sort of problems, but it is
not trivial to catch them by eyes.
Hence, this script.
It checks not only real modules, but also built-in modules (i.e.
controlled by tristate CONFIG option, but currently compiled with =y).
Non-unique names for built-in modules also cause problems because
/sys/modules/ would fall over.
For the latest kernel, I tested "make allmodconfig all" (or more
quickly "make allyesconfig modules"), and it detected the following:
warning: same basename if the following are built as modules:
drivers/regulator/88pm800.ko
drivers/mfd/88pm800.ko
warning: same basename if the following are built as modules:
drivers/gpu/drm/bridge/adv7511/adv7511.ko
drivers/media/i2c/adv7511.ko
warning: same basename if the following are built as modules:
drivers/net/phy/asix.ko
drivers/net/usb/asix.ko
warning: same basename if the following are built as modules:
fs/coda/coda.ko
drivers/media/platform/coda/coda.ko
warning: same basename if the following are built as modules:
drivers/net/phy/realtek.ko
drivers/net/dsa/realtek.ko
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reviewed-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@intel.com>
If the compiler specified by $(CC) is not present, the Kconfig stage
sprinkles 'not found' messages, then succeeds.
$ make CROSS_COMPILE=foo defconfig
/bin/sh: 1: foogcc: not found
/bin/sh: 1: foogcc: not found
*** Default configuration is based on 'x86_64_defconfig'
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 17: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 18: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 19: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 17: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 18: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-version.sh: 19: ./scripts/gcc-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/clang-version.sh: 11: ./scripts/clang-version.sh: foogcc: not found
./scripts/gcc-plugin.sh: 11: ./scripts/gcc-plugin.sh: foogcc: not found
init/Kconfig:16:warning: 'GCC_VERSION': number is invalid
#
# configuration written to .config
#
Terminate parsing files immediately if $(CC) or $(LD) is not found.
"make *config" will fail more nicely.
$ make CROSS_COMPILE=foo defconfig
*** Default configuration is based on 'x86_64_defconfig'
scripts/Kconfig.include:34: compiler 'foogcc' not found
make[1]: *** [scripts/kconfig/Makefile;82: defconfig] Error 1
make: *** [Makefile;557: defconfig] Error 2
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
syncconfig is responsible for keeping auto.conf up-to-date, so if it
fails for any reason, the build must be terminated immediately.
However, since commit 9390dff66a ("kbuild: invoke syncconfig if
include/config/auto.conf.cmd is missing"), Kbuild continues running
even after syncconfig fails.
You can confirm this by intentionally making syncconfig error out:
diff --git a/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c b/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
index 08ba146..307b9de 100644
--- a/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
+++ b/scripts/kconfig/confdata.c
@@ -1023,6 +1023,9 @@ int conf_write_autoconf(int overwrite)
FILE *out, *tristate, *out_h;
int i;
+ if (overwrite)
+ return 1;
+
if (!overwrite && is_present(autoconf_name))
return 0;
Then, syncconfig fails, but Make would not stop:
$ make -s mrproper allyesconfig defconfig
$ make
scripts/kconfig/conf --syncconfig Kconfig
*** Error during sync of the configuration.
make[2]: *** [scripts/kconfig/Makefile;69: syncconfig] Error 1
make[1]: *** [Makefile;557: syncconfig] Error 2
make: *** [include/config/auto.conf.cmd] Deleting file 'include/config/tristate.conf'
make: Failed to remake makefile 'include/config/auto.conf'.
SYSTBL arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_32.h
SYSHDR arch/x86/include/generated/asm/unistd_32_ia32.h
SYSHDR arch/x86/include/generated/asm/unistd_64_x32.h
SYSTBL arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h
[ continue running ... ]
The reason is in the behavior of a pattern rule with multi-targets.
%/auto.conf %/auto.conf.cmd %/tristate.conf: $(KCONFIG_CONFIG)
$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile syncconfig
GNU Make knows this rule is responsible for making all the three files
simultaneously. As far as examined, auto.conf.cmd is the target in
question when this rule is invoked. It is probably because auto.conf.cmd
is included below the inclusion of auto.conf.
The inclusion of auto.conf is mandatory, while that of auto.conf.cmd
is optional. GNU Make does not care about the failure in the process
of updating optional include files.
I filed this issue (https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?56301) in case this
behavior could be improved somehow in future releases of GNU Make.
Anyway, it is quite easy to fix our Makefile.
Given that auto.conf is already a mandatory include file, there is no
reason to stick auto.conf.cmd optional. Make it mandatory as well.
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.0+
Fixes: 9390dff66a ("kbuild: invoke syncconfig if include/config/auto.conf.cmd is missing")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
We do not support old Clang versions. Upgrade your clang version
if any of these flags is unsupported.
Let's add all flags inside ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG unconditionally.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
This is no longer a valid option in clang, it was removed in 3.5, which
we don't support.
cb3f812b6b
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
This flag is documented in the GCC 4.6 manual, and recognized by
Clang as well. Let's rip off the cc-option switch.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
This warning was disabled by commit bd664f6b3e ("disable new
gcc-7.1.1 warnings for now") just because it was too noisy.
Thanks to Arnd Bergmann, all warnings have been fixed. Now, we are
ready to re-enable it.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
- allow users to invoke 'make' out of the source tree
- refactor scripts/mkmakefile
- deprecate KBUILD_SRC, which was used to track the source tree
location for O= build.
- fix recordmcount.pl in case objdump output is localized
- turn unresolved symbols in external modules to errors from warnings
by default; pass KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN=1 to get them back to warnings
- generate modules.builtin.modinfo to collect .modinfo data from
built-in modules
- misc Makefile cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- allow users to invoke 'make' out of the source tree
- refactor scripts/mkmakefile
- deprecate KBUILD_SRC, which was used to track the source tree
location for O= build.
- fix recordmcount.pl in case objdump output is localized
- turn unresolved symbols in external modules to errors from warnings
by default; pass KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN=1 to get them back to warnings
- generate modules.builtin.modinfo to collect .modinfo data from
built-in modules
- misc Makefile cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (21 commits)
.gitignore: add more all*.config patterns
moduleparam: Save information about built-in modules in separate file
Remove MODULE_ALIAS() calls that take undefined macro
.gitignore: add leading and trailing slashes to generated directories
scripts/tags.sh: fix direct execution of scripts/tags.sh
scripts: override locale from environment when running recordmcount.pl
samples: kobject: allow CONFIG_SAMPLE_KOBJECT to become y
samples: seccomp: turn CONFIG_SAMPLE_SECCOMP into a bool option
kbuild: move Documentation to vmlinux-alldirs
kbuild: move samples/ to KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS
modpost: make KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN also configurable for external modules
kbuild: check arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated before out-of-tree build
kbuild: remove unneeded dependency for include/config/kernel.release
memory: squash drivers/memory/Makefile.asm-offsets
kbuild: use $(srctree) instead of KBUILD_SRC to check out-of-tree build
kbuild: mkmakefile: generate a simple wrapper of top Makefile
kbuild: mkmakefile: do not check the generated Makefile marker
kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any directory
kbuild: pass $(MAKECMDGOALS) to sub-make as is
kbuild: fix warning "overriding recipe for target 'Makefile'"
...
