People report that utime and stime from /proc/<pid>/stat become very
wrong when the numbers are big enough, especially if you watch these
counters incrementally.
Specifically, the current implementation of: stime*rtime/total,
results in a saw-tooth function on top of the desired line, where the
teeth grow in size the larger the values become. IOW, it has a
relative error.
The result is that, when watching incrementally as time progresses
(for large values), we'll see periods of pure stime or utime increase,
irrespective of the actual ratio we're striving for.
Replace scale_stime() with a math64.h helper: mul_u64_u64_div_u64()
that is far more accurate. This also allows architectures to override
the implementation -- for instance they can opt for the old algorithm
if this new one turns out to be too expensive for them.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200519172506.GA317395@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net
This Kselftest update for Linux 5.8-rc1 consists of:
- Several fixes from Masami Hiramatsu to improve coverage for
lib and sysctl tests.
- Clean up to vdso test and a new test for getcpu() from Mark Brown.
- Add new gen_tar selftests Makefile target generate selftest package
running "make gen_tar" in selftests directory from Veronika Kabatova.
- Other miscellaneous fixes to timens, exec, tpm2 tests.
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Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-5.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest
Pull kselftest updates from Shuah Khan:
"This consists of:
- Several fixes from Masami Hiramatsu to improve coverage for lib and
sysctl tests.
- Clean up to vdso test and a new test for getcpu() from Mark Brown.
- Add new gen_tar selftests Makefile target generate selftest package
running "make gen_tar" in selftests directory from Veronika
Kabatova.
- Other miscellaneous fixes to timens, exec, tpm2 tests"
* tag 'linux-kselftest-5.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest:
selftests/sysctl: Make sysctl test driver as a module
selftests/sysctl: Fix to load test_sysctl module
lib: Make test_sysctl initialized as module
lib: Make prime number generator independently selectable
selftests/ftrace: Return unsupported if no error_log file
selftests/ftrace: Use printf for backslash included command
selftests/timens: handle a case when alarm clocks are not supported
Kernel selftests: Add check if TPM devices are supported
selftests: vdso: Add a selftest for vDSO getcpu()
selftests: vdso: Use a header file to prototype parse_vdso API
selftests: vdso: Rename vdso_test to vdso_test_gettimeofday
selftests/exec: Verify execve of non-regular files fail
selftests: introduce gen_tar Makefile target
pr_xxx() functions usually have a newline at the end of the logging
message.
Here, this newline is added via the 'pr_fmt' macro.
In order to be more consistent with other files, use a more standard
convention and put these newlines back in the messages themselves and
remove it from the pr_fmt macro.
While at it, use __func__ instead of hardcoding a function name in the
last message.
Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200409163234.22830-1-christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make prime number generator independently selectable from
kconfig. This allows us to enable CONFIG_PRIME_NUMBERS=m
and run the tools/testing/selftests/lib/prime_numbers.sh
without other DRM selftest modules.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
In some cases the previous algorithm would not return the closest
approximation. This would happen when a semi-convergent was the
closest, as the previous algorithm would only consider convergents.
As an example, consider an initial value of 5/4, and trying to find the
closest approximation with a maximum of 4 for numerator and denominator.
The previous algorithm would return 1/1 as the closest approximation,
while this version will return the correct answer of 4/3.
To do this, the main loop performs effectively the same operations as it
did before. It must now keep track of the last three approximations,
n2/d2 .. n0/d0, while before it only needed the last two.
If an exact answer is not found, the algorithm will now calculate the
best semi-convergent term, t, which is a single expression with two
divisions:
min((max_numerator - n0) / n1, (max_denominator - d0) / d1)
This will be used if it is better than previous convergent. The test
for this is generally a simple comparison, 2*t > a. But in an edge
case, where the convergent's final term is even and the best allowable
semi-convergent has a final term of exactly half the convergent's final
term, the more complex comparison (d0*dp > d1*d) is used.
I also wrote some comments explaining the code. While one still needs
to look up the math elsewhere, they should help a lot to follow how the
code relates to that math.
This routine is used in two places in the video4linux code, but in those
cases it is only used to reduce a fraction to lowest terms, which the
existing code will do correctly. This could be done more efficiently
with a different library routine but it would still be the Euclidean
alogrithm at its heart. So no change.
The remain users are places where a fractional PLL divider is
programmed. What would happen is something asked for a clock of X MHz
but instead gets Y MHz, where Y is close to X but not exactly due to the
hardware limitations. After this change they might, in some cases, get
Y' MHz, where Y' is a little closer to X then Y was.
Users like this are: Three UARTs, in 8250_mid, 8250_lpss, and imx. One
GPU in vp4_hdmi. And three clock drivers, clk-cdce706, clk-si5351, and
clk-fractional-divider. The last is a generic clock driver and so would
have more users referenced via device tree entries.
I think there's a bug in that one, it's limiting an N bit field that is
offset-by-1 to the range 0 .. (1<<N)-2, when it should be (1<<N)-1 as
the upper limit.
I have an IMX system, one of the UARTs using this, so I can provide a
real example. If I request a custom baud rate of 1499978, the driver
will program the PLL to produce a baud rate of 1500000. After this
change, the fractional divider in the UART is programmed to a ratio of
65535/65536, which produces a baud rate of 1499977.0625. Closer to the
requested value.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190330205855.19396-1-tpiepho@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@gmail.com>
Cc: Oskar Schirmer <oskar@scara.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add SPDX license identifiers to all Make/Kconfig files which:
- Have no license information of any form
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:
GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which:
- Have no license information of any form
- Have MODULE_LICENCE("GPL*") inside which was used in the initial
scan/conversion to ignore the file
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:
GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which:
- Have no license information of any form
- Have EXPORT_.*_SYMBOL_GPL inside which was used in the
initial scan/conversion to ignore the file
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:
GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The integer exponentiation is used in few places and might be used in
the future by other call sites. Move it to wider use.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190323172531.80025-2-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>
Cc: Ray Jui <rjui@broadcom.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For better maintenance and expansion move the mathematic helpers to the
separate folder.
No functional change intended.
Note, the int_sqrt() is not used as a part of lib, so, moved to regular
obj.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190323172531.80025-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Thierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Cc: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Ray Jui <rjui@broadcom.com>
[mchehab+samsung@kernel.org: fix broken doc references for div64.c and gcd.c]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/734f49bae5d4052b3c25691dfefad59bea2e5843.1555580999.git.mchehab+samsung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
