Pablo Neira Ayuso says:
====================
nf_tables updates for net-next
The following patchset contains the following nf_tables updates,
mostly updates from Patrick McHardy, they are:
* Add the "inet" table and filter chain type for this new netfilter
family: NFPROTO_INET. This special table/chain allows IPv4 and IPv6
rules, this should help to simplify the burden in the administration
of dual stack firewalls. This also includes several patches to prepare
the infrastructure for this new table and a new meta extension to
match the layer 3 and 4 protocol numbers, from Patrick McHardy.
* Load both IPv4 and IPv6 conntrack modules in nft_ct if the rule is used
in NFPROTO_INET, as we don't certainly know which one would be used,
also from Patrick McHardy.
* Do not allow to delete a table that contains sets, otherwise these
sets become orphan, from Patrick McHardy.
* Hold a reference to the corresponding nf_tables family module when
creating a table of that family type, to avoid the module deletion
when in use, from Patrick McHardy.
* Update chain counters before setting the chain policy to ensure that
we don't leave the chain in inconsistent state in case of errors (aka.
restore chain atomicity). This also fixes a possible leak if it fails
to allocate the chain counters if no counters are passed to be restored,
from Patrick McHardy.
* Don't check for overflows in the table counter if we are just renaming
a chain, from Patrick McHardy.
* Replay the netlink request after dropping the nfnl lock to load the
module that supports provides a chain type, from Patrick.
* Fix chain type module references, from Patrick.
* Several cleanups, function renames, constification and code
refactorizations also from Patrick McHardy.
* Add support to set the connmark, this can be used to set it based on
the meta mark (similar feature to -j CONNMARK --restore), from
Kristian Evensen.
* A couple of fixes to the recently added meta/set support and nft_reject,
and fix missing chain type unregistration if we fail to register our
the family table/filter chain type, from myself.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We don't encode argument types into function names and since besides
nft_do_chain() there are only AF-specific versions, there is no risk
of confusion.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Minor nf_chain_type cleanups:
- reorder struct to plug a hoe
- rename struct module member to "owner" for consistency
- rename nf_hookfn array to "hooks" for consistency
- reorder initializers for better readability
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
The chain type module reference handling makes no sense at all: we take
a reference immediately when the module is registered, preventing the
module from ever being unloaded.
Fix by taking a reference when we're actually creating a chain of the
chain type and release the reference when destroying the chain.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This patch adds kernel support for setting properties of tracked
connections. Currently, only connmark is supported. One use-case
for this feature is to provide the same functionality as
-j CONNMARK --save-mark in iptables.
Some restructuring was needed to implement the set op. The new
structure follows that of nft_meta.
Signed-off-by: Kristian Evensen <kristian.evensen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
We should const-ify comparisons on skb_queue_* inline helper
functions as their parameters are const as well, so lets not
drop that.
Suggested-by: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
For L3-proto independant rules we need to get at the L4 protocol value
directly. Add it to the nft_pktinfo struct and use the meta expression
to retrieve it.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Needed by multi-family tables to distinguish IPv4 and IPv6 packets.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This patch adds a new table family and a new filter chain that you can
use to attach IPv4 and IPv6 rules. This should help to simplify
rule-set maintainance in dual-stack setups.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Add support to register chains to multiple hooks for different address
families for mixed IPv4/IPv6 tables.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Multi-family tables need the AF from the hook ops. Add a pointer to the
hook ops and replace usage of the hooknum member in struct nft_pktinfo.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This patch built on top of Commit 299603e837
("net-gro: Prepare GRO stack for the upcoming tunneling support") to add
the support of the standard GRE (RFC1701/RFC2784/RFC2890) to the GRO
stack. It also serves as an example for supporting other encapsulation
protocols in the GRO stack in the future.
The patch supports version 0 and all the flags (key, csum, seq#) but
will flush any pkt with the S (seq#) flag. This is because the S flag
is not support by GSO, and a GRO pkt may end up in the forwarding path,
thus requiring GSO support to break it up correctly.
Currently the "packet_offload" structure only contains L3 (ETH_P_IP/
ETH_P_IPV6) GRO offload support so the encapped pkts are limited to
IP pkts (i.e., w/o L2 hdr). But support for other protocol type can
be easily added, so is the support for GRE variations like NVGRE.
The patch also support csum offload. Specifically if the csum flag is on
and the h/w is capable of checksumming the payload (CHECKSUM_COMPLETE),
the code will take advantage of the csum computed by the h/w when
validating the GRE csum.
Note that commit 60769a5dcd "ipv4: gre:
add GRO capability" already introduces GRO capability to IPv4 GRE
tunnels, using the gro_cells infrastructure. But GRO is done after
GRE hdr has been removed (i.e., decapped). The following patch applies
GRO when pkts first come in (before hitting the GRE tunnel code). There
is some performance advantage for applying GRO as early as possible.
Also this approach is transparent to other subsystem like Open vSwitch
where GRE decap is handled outside of the IP stack hence making it
harder for the gro_cells stuff to apply. On the other hand, some NICs
are still not capable of hashing on the inner hdr of a GRE pkt (RSS).
In that case the GRO processing of pkts from the same remote host will
all happen on the same CPU and the performance may be suboptimal.
I'm including some rough preliminary performance numbers below. Note
that the performance will be highly dependent on traffic load, mix as
usual. Moreover it also depends on NIC offload features hence the
following is by no means a comprehesive study. Local testing and tuning
will be needed to decide the best setting.
All tests spawned 50 copies of netperf TCP_STREAM and ran for 30 secs.
(super_netperf 50 -H 192.168.1.18 -l 30)
An IP GRE tunnel with only the key flag on (e.g., ip tunnel add gre1
mode gre local 10.246.17.18 remote 10.246.17.17 ttl 255 key 123)
is configured.
The GRO support for pkts AFTER decap are controlled through the device
feature of the GRE device (e.g., ethtool -K gre1 gro on/off).
1.1 ethtool -K gre1 gro off; ethtool -K eth0 gro off
thruput: 9.16Gbps
CPU utilization: 19%
1.2 ethtool -K gre1 gro on; ethtool -K eth0 gro off
thruput: 5.9Gbps
CPU utilization: 15%
1.3 ethtool -K gre1 gro off; ethtool -K eth0 gro on
thruput: 9.26Gbps
CPU utilization: 12-13%
1.4 ethtool -K gre1 gro on; ethtool -K eth0 gro on
thruput: 9.26Gbps
CPU utilization: 10%
The following tests were performed on a different NIC that is capable of
csum offload. I.e., the h/w is capable of computing IP payload csum
(CHECKSUM_COMPLETE).
2.1 ethtool -K gre1 gro on (hence will use gro_cells)
2.1.1 ethtool -K eth0 gro off; csum offload disabled
thruput: 8.53Gbps
CPU utilization: 9%
2.1.2 ethtool -K eth0 gro off; csum offload enabled
thruput: 8.97Gbps
CPU utilization: 7-8%
2.1.3 ethtool -K eth0 gro on; csum offload disabled
thruput: 8.83Gbps
CPU utilization: 5-6%
2.1.4 ethtool -K eth0 gro on; csum offload enabled
thruput: 8.98Gbps
CPU utilization: 5%
2.2 ethtool -K gre1 gro off
2.2.1 ethtool -K eth0 gro off; csum offload disabled
thruput: 5.93Gbps
CPU utilization: 9%
2.2.2 ethtool -K eth0 gro off; csum offload enabled
thruput: 5.62Gbps
CPU utilization: 8%
2.2.3 ethtool -K eth0 gro on; csum offload disabled
thruput: 7.69Gbps
CPU utilization: 8%
2.2.4 ethtool -K eth0 gro on; csum offload enabled
thruput: 8.96Gbps
CPU utilization: 5-6%
Signed-off-by: H.K. Jerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This change allows to follow a recommandation of RFC4942.
- Add "anycast_src_echo_reply" sysctl to control the use of anycast addresses
as source addresses for ICMPv6 echo reply. This sysctl is false by default
to preserve existing behavior.
- Add inline check ipv6_anycast_destination().
- Use them in icmpv6_echo_reply().
Reference:
RFC4942 - IPv6 Transition/Coexistence Security Considerations
(http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4942#section-2.1.6)
2.1.6. Anycast Traffic Identification and Security
[...]
To avoid exposing knowledge about the internal structure of the
network, it is recommended that anycast servers now take advantage of
the ability to return responses with the anycast address as the
source address if possible.
Signed-off-by: Francois-Xavier Le Bail <fx.lebail@yahoo.com>
Acked-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
GRO/GSO layers can be enabled on a node, even if said
node is only forwarding packets.
This patch permits GSO (and upcoming GRO) support for GRE
encapsulated packets, even if the host has no GRE tunnel setup.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: H.K. Jerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Jesse Gross says:
====================
[GIT net-next] Open vSwitch
Open vSwitch changes for net-next/3.14. Highlights are:
* Performance improvements in the mechanism to get packets to userspace
using memory mapped netlink and skb zero copy where appropriate.
* Per-cpu flow stats in situations where flows are likely to be shared
across CPUs. Standard flow stats are used in other situations to save
memory and allocation time.
* A handful of code cleanups and rationalization.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Drop user features if an outdated user space instance that does not
understand the concept of user_features attempted to create a new
datapath.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Make the skb zerocopy logic written for nfnetlink queue available for
use by other modules.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Allocates a new sk_buff large enough to cover the specified payload
plus required Netlink headers. Will check receiving socket for
memory mapped i/o capability and use it if enabled. Will fall back
to non-mapped skb if message size exceeds the frame size of the ring.
Signed-of-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Conflicts:
drivers/net/ethernet/qlogic/qlcnic/qlcnic_sriov_pf.c
net/ipv6/ip6_tunnel.c
net/ipv6/ip6_vti.c
ipv6 tunnel statistic bug fixes conflicting with consolidation into
generic sw per-cpu net stats.
qlogic conflict between queue counting bug fix and the addition
of multiple MAC address support.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
TCP out_of_order_queue lock is not used, as queue manipulation
happens with socket lock held and we therefore use the lockless
skb queue routines (as __skb_queue_head())
We can use __skb_queue_head_init() instead of skb_queue_head_init()
to make this more consistent.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE) is a scheduler to address the
bufferbloat problem.
>From the IETF draft below:
" Bufferbloat is a phenomenon where excess buffers in the network cause high
latency and jitter. As more and more interactive applications (e.g. voice over
IP, real time video streaming and financial transactions) run in the Internet,
high latency and jitter degrade application performance. There is a pressing
need to design intelligent queue management schemes that can control latency and
jitter; and hence provide desirable quality of service to users.
We present here a lightweight design, PIE(Proportional Integral controller
Enhanced) that can effectively control the average queueing latency to a target
value. Simulation results, theoretical analysis and Linux testbed results have
shown that PIE can ensure low latency and achieve high link utilization under
various congestion situations. The design does not require per-packet
timestamp, so it incurs very small overhead and is simple enough to implement
in both hardware and software. "
Many thanks to Dave Taht for extensive feedback, reviews, testing and
suggestions. Thanks also to Stephen Hemminger and Eric Dumazet for reviews and
suggestions. Naeem Khademi and Dave Taht independently contributed to ECN
support.
For more information, please see technical paper about PIE in the IEEE
Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing 2013. A copy of the paper
can be found at ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/pie/.
Please also refer to the IETF draft submission at
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pan-tsvwg-pie-00
All relevant code, documents and test scripts and results can be found at
ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/pie/.
For problems with the iproute2/tc or Linux kernel code, please contact Vijay
Subramanian (vijaynsu@cisco.com or subramanian.vijay@gmail.com) Mythili Prabhu
(mysuryan@cisco.com)
Signed-off-by: Vijay Subramanian <subramanian.vijay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mythili Prabhu <mysuryan@cisco.com>
CC: Dave Taht <dave.taht@bufferbloat.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Pablo Neira Ayuso says: <pablo@netfilter.org>
====================
nftables updates for net-next
The following patchset contains nftables updates for your net-next tree,
they are:
* Add set operation to the meta expression by means of the select_ops()
infrastructure, this allows us to set the packet mark among other things.
From Arturo Borrero Gonzalez.
* Fix wrong format in sscanf in nf_tables_set_alloc_name(), from Daniel
Borkmann.
* Add new queue expression to nf_tables. These comes with two previous patches
to prepare this new feature, one to add mask in nf_tables_core to
evaluate the queue verdict appropriately and another to refactor common
code with xt_NFQUEUE, from Eric Leblond.
* Do not hide nftables from Kconfig if nfnetlink is not enabled, also from
Eric Leblond.
* Add the reject expression to nf_tables, this adds the missing TCP RST
support. It comes with an initial patch to refactor common code with
xt_NFQUEUE, again from Eric Leblond.
* Remove an unused variable assignment in nf_tables_dump_set(), from Michal
Nazarewicz.
* Remove the nft_meta_target code, now that Arturo added the set operation
to the meta expression, from me.
* Add help information for nf_tables to Kconfig, also from me.
* Allow to dump all sets by specifying NFPROTO_UNSPEC, similar feature is
available to other nf_tables objects, requested by Arturo, from me.
* Expose the table usage counter, so we can know how many chains are using
this table without dumping the list of chains, from Tomasz Bursztyka.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
macvlan needs vlan_pcpu_stats so make it visible even if compiling
without VLAN_8021Q support. Otherwise a very long compiler error happens.
Fixes: cdf3e274cf ("macvlan: unify macvlan_pcpu_stats and vlan_pcpu_stats")
Cc: Li RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-By: Li RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Pablo Neira Ayuso says:
====================
netfilter/IPVS updates for net-next
The following patchset contains Netfilter updates for your net-next tree,
they are:
* Add full port randomization support. Some crazy researchers found a way
to reconstruct the secure ephemeral ports that are allocated in random mode
by sending off-path bursts of UDP packets to overrun the socket buffer of
the DNS resolver to trigger retransmissions, then if the timing for the
DNS resolution done by a client is larger than usual, then they conclude
that the port that received the burst of UDP packets is the one that was
opened. It seems a bit aggressive method to me but it seems to work for
them. As a result, Daniel Borkmann and Hannes Frederic Sowa came up with a
new NAT mode to fully randomize ports using prandom.
* Add a new classifier to x_tables based on the socket net_cls set via
cgroups. These includes two patches to prepare the field as requested by
Zefan Li. Also from Daniel Borkmann.
* Use prandom instead of get_random_bytes in several locations of the
netfilter code, from Florian Westphal.
* Allow to use the CTA_MARK_MASK in ctnetlink when mangling the conntrack
mark, also from Florian Westphal.
* Fix compilation warning due to unused variable in IPVS, from Geert
Uytterhoeven.
* Add support for UID/GID via nfnetlink_queue, from Valentina Giusti.
* Add IPComp extension to x_tables, from Fan Du.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This function is used to get a specific core when there is more than
one core of that specific type. This is used in bgmac to reset all GMAC
cores.
Signed-off-by: Hauke Mehrtens <hauke@hauke-m.de>
Acked-by: Rafał Miłecki <zajec5@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
They are same, so unify them as one; since macvlan is a kind of vlan,
vlan_pcpu_stats should be a proper name for vlan and macvlan.
Signed-off-by: Li RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
They are same, so unify them as one, pcpu_sw_netstats.
Define pcpu_sw_netstat in netdevice.h, remove pcpu_tstats
from if_tunnel and remove br_cpu_netstats from br_private.h
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Li RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Jeff Kirsher says:
====================
Intel Wired LAN Driver Updates
This series contains updates to i40e and pci_regs.h.
Anjali provides a patch to prevent messages from stray HMC events, except
at interrupt message level, and refactors the HMC error handling.
Catherine adds routines in probe to populate/check PCI bus speed and width,
then verify we are in a 8GT/s x8 PCIe slot and warn when we are not.
Shannon adds Wake-on-LAN support for i40e, fixes curly brace use as well as
return type for i40e_vsi_clear_rings().
Joseph implements receive offload for VXLAN for i40e, where the hardware
supports checksum offload/verification of the inner/outer header.
Mitch provides the bulk of the changes, where he refactors the VF reset
code so that it works on real hardware. Then does code cleanup by
calling existing functions to enable and disable queues for VFs and
remove unused functions. Removes a unnecessary log messages that are
seen at every VF reset, for example complaining about disabling queues
that are already disabled. Fixes an error return when the VF asks to
add an invalid MAC address and if the VF sends a bad message, make it
more informative about what is actually going on.
Jesse refactors the LED function to flash LED lights correctly.
v2:
- removed patch 5 "i40e: add set settings and pauseparam" based on
feedback from Ben Hutchings, will re-work that patch for later
submission
- Added patch "i40e: Implementation of vxlan ndo's" from Joseph to
address Or Gerlitz's questions and concerns. This patch adds the
implementation for the VXLAN ndo's and allows the hardware to do
receive checksum offload for inner packets on the UDP ports that
VXLAN notifies us about.
- Added patch "i40e: using for_each_set_bit to simplify the code"
from Wei Yongjun. This patch uses for_each_set_bit() to simply
the code.
v3:
- fixed indentation issue in patch 11 based on feedback from
Sergei Shtylyov.
Sorry for the delayed release of v4, it was delayed to the holidays.
v4:
- Addressed Or Gerlitz's concerns about trying to get a hold of a mutex
while holding a spin lock in patch 6 by executing the AQ commands from
a subtask.
- Addressed David Miller's Kconfig concerns by creating a Kconfig VXLAN
option for i40e and wrapped appropriate code with the config option in
patch 6.
- Updated patch 7 based on the changes made in patch 6 in the above two
bullets.
v5:
- Added the patch to pci_regs.h based on David Miller's feedback to add
PCI defines for speed and width
- Updated patch 3 description to better explain the changes based on
feedback from David Miller
- Updated patch 4 to use the newly added defines to pci_regs.h instead
of local defines
- Updated patch 7 to use <net/vxlan.h> in the #include based on feedback
from David Miller
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
phy_scan_fixups() isn't and shouldn't be called by the drivers directly, so
unexport it. And since Florian Fainelli's recent patches, the function is only
called locally, so we can make it static as well.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Remove adjust_state() callback from 'struct phy_device' since it seems to have
never been really used from the inception: phy_start_machine() has been always
called with 2nd argument equal to NULL.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Running 'checkpatch.pl' gives some errors and warnings:
- no spaces around =;
- * separated by space from the function name;
- { in function definition not on a separate line;
- line over 80 characters.
While fixing these, also fix the following style issues:
- file name in the heading comment;
- alignment not matching open paren.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add missing PCI bus link speed 8.0 GT/s and bus link widths of
x1, x2, x4 and x8.
CC: <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
CC: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Add nested IFLA_BOND_AD_INFO for bonding 802.3ad info.
Signed-off-by: Scott Feldman <sfeldma@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add IFLA_BOND_AD_SELECT to allow get/set of bonding parameter
ad_select via netlink.
Signed-off-by: Scott Feldman <sfeldma@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add IFLA_BOND_AD_LACP_RATE to allow get/set of bonding parameter
lacp_rate via netlink.
Signed-off-by: Scott Feldman <sfeldma@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The llc_sap_list_lock does not need to be global, only acquired
in core.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Namespace related cleaning
* make cred_to_ucred static
* remove unused sock_rmalloc function
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
percpu route cache eliminates share of dst refcnt between CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Avoid doing a route lookup on every packet being tunneled.
In ip_tunnel.c cache the route returned from ip_route_output if
the tunnel is "connected" so that all the rouitng parameters are
taken from tunnel parms for a packet. Specifically, not NBMA tunnel
and tos is from tunnel parms (not inner packet).
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It would be useful e.g. in a server or desktop environment to have
a facility in the notion of fine-grained "per application" or "per
application group" firewall policies. Probably, users in the mobile,
embedded area (e.g. Android based) with different security policy
requirements for application groups could have great benefit from
that as well. For example, with a little bit of configuration effort,
an admin could whitelist well-known applications, and thus block
otherwise unwanted "hard-to-track" applications like [1] from a
user's machine. Blocking is just one example, but it is not limited
to that, meaning we can have much different scenarios/policies that
netfilter allows us than just blocking, e.g. fine grained settings
where applications are allowed to connect/send traffic to, application
traffic marking/conntracking, application-specific packet mangling,
and so on.
Implementation of PID-based matching would not be appropriate
as they frequently change, and child tracking would make that
even more complex and ugly. Cgroups would be a perfect candidate
for accomplishing that as they associate a set of tasks with a
set of parameters for one or more subsystems, in our case the
netfilter subsystem, which, of course, can be combined with other
cgroup subsystems into something more complex if needed.
As mentioned, to overcome this constraint, such processes could
be placed into one or multiple cgroups where different fine-grained
rules can be defined depending on the application scenario, while
e.g. everything else that is not part of that could be dropped (or
vice versa), thus making life harder for unwanted processes to
communicate to the outside world. So, we make use of cgroups here
to track jobs and limit their resources in terms of iptables
policies; in other words, limiting, tracking, etc what they are
allowed to communicate.
In our case we're working on outgoing traffic based on which local
socket that originated from. Also, one doesn't even need to have
an a-prio knowledge of the application internals regarding their
particular use of ports or protocols. Matching is *extremly*
lightweight as we just test for the sk_classid marker of sockets,
originating from net_cls. net_cls and netfilter do not contradict
each other; in fact, each construct can live as standalone or they
can be used in combination with each other, which is perfectly fine,
plus it serves Tejun's requirement to not introduce a new cgroups
subsystem. Through this, we result in a very minimal and efficient
module, and don't add anything except netfilter code.
One possible, minimal usage example (many other iptables options
can be applied obviously):
1) Configuring cgroups if not already done, e.g.:
mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls
mount -t cgroup -o net_cls net_cls /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls
mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/0
echo 1 > /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/0/net_cls.classid
(resp. a real flow handle id for tc)
2) Configuring netfilter (iptables-nftables), e.g.:
iptables -A OUTPUT -m cgroup ! --cgroup 1 -j DROP
3) Running applications, e.g.:
ping 208.67.222.222 <pid:1799>
echo 1799 > /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/0/tasks
64 bytes from 208.67.222.222: icmp_seq=44 ttl=49 time=11.9 ms
[...]
ping 208.67.220.220 <pid:1804>
ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted
[...]
echo 1804 > /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/0/tasks
64 bytes from 208.67.220.220: icmp_seq=89 ttl=56 time=19.0 ms
[...]
Of course, real-world deployments would make use of cgroups user
space toolsuite, or own custom policy daemons dynamically moving
applications from/to various cgroups.
[1] http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-europe-06/bh-eu-06-biondi/bh-eu-06-biondi-up.pdf
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
While we're at it and introduced CGROUP_NET_CLASSID, lets also make
NETPRIO_CGROUP more consistent with the rest of cgroups and rename it
into CONFIG_CGROUP_NET_PRIO so that for networking, we now have
CONFIG_CGROUP_NET_{PRIO,CLASSID}. This not only makes the CONFIG
option consistent among networking cgroups, but also among cgroups
CONFIG conventions in general as the vast majority has a prefix of
CONFIG_CGROUP_<SUBSYS>.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Zefan Li requested [1] to perform the following cleanup/refactoring:
- Split cgroupfs classid handling into net core to better express a
possible more generic use.
- Disable module support for cgroupfs bits as the majority of other
cgroupfs subsystems do not have that, and seems to be not wished
from cgroup side. Zefan probably might want to follow-up for netprio
later on.
- By this, code can be further reduced which previously took care of
functionality built when compiled as module.
cgroupfs bits are being placed under net/core/netclassid_cgroup.c, so
that we are consistent with {netclassid,netprio}_cgroup naming that is
under net/core/ as suggested by Zefan.
No change in functionality, but only code refactoring that is being
done here.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/304825/
Suggested-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
The following code is not used in current upstream code.
Some of this seems to be old hooks, other might be used by some
out of tree module (which I don't care about breaking), and
the need_ipv4_conntrack was used by old NAT code but no longer
called.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Function never used in current upstream code.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
We currently use prandom_u32() for allocation of ports in tcp bind(0)
and udp code. In case of plain SNAT we try to keep the ports as is
or increment on collision.
SNAT --random mode does use per-destination incrementing port
allocation. As a recent paper pointed out in [1] that this mode of
port allocation makes it possible to an attacker to find the randomly
allocated ports through a timing side-channel in a socket overloading
attack conducted through an off-path attacker.
So, NF_NAT_RANGE_PROTO_RANDOM actually weakens the port randomization
in regard to the attack described in this paper. As we need to keep
compatibility, add another flag called NF_NAT_RANGE_PROTO_RANDOM_FULLY
that would replace the NF_NAT_RANGE_PROTO_RANDOM hash-based port
selection algorithm with a simple prandom_u32() in order to mitigate
this attack vector. Note that the lfsr113's internal state is
periodically reseeded by the kernel through a local secure entropy
source.
More details can be found in [1], the basic idea is to send bursts
of packets to a socket to overflow its receive queue and measure
the latency to detect a possible retransmit when the port is found.
Because of increasing ports to given destination and port, further
allocations can be predicted. This information could then be used by
an attacker for e.g. for cache-poisoning, NS pinning, and degradation
of service attacks against DNS servers [1]:
The best defense against the poisoning attacks is to properly
deploy and validate DNSSEC; DNSSEC provides security not only
against off-path attacker but even against MitM attacker. We hope
that our results will help motivate administrators to adopt DNSSEC.
However, full DNSSEC deployment make take significant time, and
until that happens, we recommend short-term, non-cryptographic
defenses. We recommend to support full port randomisation,
according to practices recommended in [2], and to avoid
per-destination sequential port allocation, which we show may be
vulnerable to derandomisation attacks.
Joint work between Hannes Frederic Sowa and Daniel Borkmann.
[1] https://sites.google.com/site/hayashulman/files/NIC-derandomisation.pdf
[2] http://arxiv.org/pdf/1205.5190v1.pdf
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
VM to VM GSO traffic is broken if it goes through VXLAN or GRE
tunnel and the physical NIC on the host supports hardware VXLAN/GRE
GSO offload (e.g. bnx2x and next-gen mlx4).
Two issues -
(VXLAN) VM traffic has SKB_GSO_DODGY and SKB_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL with
SKB_GSO_TCP/UDP set depending on the inner protocol. GSO header
integrity check fails in udp4_ufo_fragment if inner protocol is
TCP. Also gso_segs is calculated incorrectly using skb->len that
includes tunnel header. Fix: robust check should only be applied
to the inner packet.
(VXLAN & GRE) Once GSO header integrity check passes, NULL segs
is returned and the original skb is sent to hardware. However the
tunnel header is already pulled. Fix: tunnel header needs to be
restored so that hardware can perform GSO properly on the original
packet.
Signed-off-by: Wei-Chun Chao <weichunc@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The SCTP outqueue structure maintains a data chunks
that are pending transmission, the list of chunks that
are pending a retransmission and a length of data in
flight. It also tries to keep the emtpy state so that
it can performe shutdown sequence or notify user.
The problem is that the empy state is inconsistently
tracked. It is possible to completely drain the queue
without sending anything when using PR-SCTP. In this
case, the empty state will not be correctly state as
report by Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>. This
can cause an association to be perminantly stuck in the
SHUTDOWN_PENDING state.
Additionally, SCTP is incredibly inefficient when setting
the empty state. Even though all the data is availaible
in the outqueue structure, we ignore it and walk a list
of trasnports.
In the end, we can completely remove the extra empty
state and figure out if the queue is empty by looking
at 3 things: length of pending data, length of in-flight
data, and exisiting of retransmit data. All of these
are already in the strucutre.
Reported-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlad Yasevich <vyasevich@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Tested-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
No need to export functions only used in one file.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
