rust: task: adjust safety comments in Task methods

The `Task` struct has several safety comments that aren't so great. For
example, the reason that it's okay to read the `pid` is that the field
is immutable, so there is no data race, which is not what the safety
comment says.

Thus, improve the safety comments. Also add an `as_ptr` helper. This
makes it easier to read the various accessors on Task, as `self.0` may
be confusing syntax for new Rust users.

Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241015-task-safety-cmnts-v1-1-46ee92c82768@google.com
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

rust/kernel/task.rs

@@ -145,11 +145,17 @@ impl Task {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Returns a raw pointer to the task.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut bindings::task_struct {
+        self.0.get()
+    }
+
     /// Returns the group leader of the given task.
     pub fn group_leader(&self) -> &Task {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0` is a valid task. Valid tasks always
+        // SAFETY: The group leader of a task never changes after initialization, so reading this
-        // have a valid `group_leader`.
+        // field is not a data race.
-        let ptr = unsafe { *ptr::addr_of!((*self.0.get()).group_leader) };
+        let ptr = unsafe { *ptr::addr_of!((*self.as_ptr()).group_leader) };
 
         // SAFETY: The lifetime of the returned task reference is tied to the lifetime of `self`,
         // and given that a task has a reference to its group leader, we know it must be valid for
@@ -159,42 +165,41 @@ impl Task {
 
     /// Returns the PID of the given task.
     pub fn pid(&self) -> Pid {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0` is a valid task. Valid tasks always
+        // SAFETY: The pid of a task never changes after initialization, so reading this field is
-        // have a valid pid.
+        // not a data race.
-        unsafe { *ptr::addr_of!((*self.0.get()).pid) }
+        unsafe { *ptr::addr_of!((*self.as_ptr()).pid) }
     }
 
     /// Returns the UID of the given task.
     pub fn uid(&self) -> Kuid {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0` is valid.
+        // SAFETY: It's always safe to call `task_uid` on a valid task.
-        Kuid::from_raw(unsafe { bindings::task_uid(self.0.get()) })
+        Kuid::from_raw(unsafe { bindings::task_uid(self.as_ptr()) })
     }
 
     /// Returns the effective UID of the given task.
     pub fn euid(&self) -> Kuid {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0` is valid.
+        // SAFETY: It's always safe to call `task_euid` on a valid task.
-        Kuid::from_raw(unsafe { bindings::task_euid(self.0.get()) })
+        Kuid::from_raw(unsafe { bindings::task_euid(self.as_ptr()) })
     }
 
     /// Determines whether the given task has pending signals.
     pub fn signal_pending(&self) -> bool {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0` is valid.
+        // SAFETY: It's always safe to call `signal_pending` on a valid task.
-        unsafe { bindings::signal_pending(self.0.get()) != 0 }
+        unsafe { bindings::signal_pending(self.as_ptr()) != 0 }
     }
 
     /// Returns the given task's pid in the current pid namespace.
     pub fn pid_in_current_ns(&self) -> Pid {
-        // SAFETY: We know that `self.0.get()` is valid by the type invariant, and passing a null
+        // SAFETY: It's valid to pass a null pointer as the namespace (defaults to current
-        // pointer as the namespace is correct for using the current namespace.
+        // namespace). The task pointer is also valid.
-        unsafe { bindings::task_tgid_nr_ns(self.0.get(), ptr::null_mut()) }
+        unsafe { bindings::task_tgid_nr_ns(self.as_ptr(), ptr::null_mut()) }
     }
 
     /// Wakes up the task.
     pub fn wake_up(&self) {
-        // SAFETY: By the type invariant, we know that `self.0.get()` is non-null and valid.
+        // SAFETY: It's always safe to call `signal_pending` on a valid task, even if the task
-        // And `wake_up_process` is safe to be called for any valid task, even if the task is
         // running.
-        unsafe { bindings::wake_up_process(self.0.get()) };
+        unsafe { bindings::wake_up_process(self.as_ptr()) };
     }
 }
 
@@ -202,7 +207,7 @@ impl Task {
 unsafe impl crate::types::AlwaysRefCounted for Task {
     fn inc_ref(&self) {
         // SAFETY: The existence of a shared reference means that the refcount is nonzero.
-        unsafe { bindings::get_task_struct(self.0.get()) };
+        unsafe { bindings::get_task_struct(self.as_ptr()) };
     }
 
     unsafe fn dec_ref(obj: ptr::NonNull<Self>) {