diff --git a/block/blk-mq.c b/block/blk-mq.c
index 4b2c8e940f59..cf626e061dd7 100644
--- a/block/blk-mq.c
+++ b/block/blk-mq.c
@@ -4310,6 +4310,12 @@ int blk_mq_init_allocated_queue(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set,
 	/* mark the queue as mq asap */
 	q->mq_ops = set->ops;
 
+	/*
+	 * ->tag_set has to be setup before initialize hctx, which cpuphp
+	 * handler needs it for checking queue mapping
+	 */
+	q->tag_set = set;
+
 	if (blk_mq_alloc_ctxs(q))
 		goto err_exit;
 
@@ -4328,8 +4334,6 @@ int blk_mq_init_allocated_queue(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set,
 	INIT_WORK(&q->timeout_work, blk_mq_timeout_work);
 	blk_queue_rq_timeout(q, set->timeout ? set->timeout : 30 * HZ);
 
-	q->tag_set = set;
-
 	q->queue_flags |= QUEUE_FLAG_MQ_DEFAULT;
 
 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&q->requeue_work, blk_mq_requeue_work);
diff --git a/block/blk-rq-qos.c b/block/blk-rq-qos.c
index 2cfb297d9a62..058f92c4f9d5 100644
--- a/block/blk-rq-qos.c
+++ b/block/blk-rq-qos.c
@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ static int rq_qos_wake_function(struct wait_queue_entry *curr,
 
 	data->got_token = true;
 	smp_wmb();
-	list_del_init(&curr->entry);
 	wake_up_process(data->task);
+	list_del_init_careful(&curr->entry);
 	return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/block/elevator.c b/block/elevator.c
index 4122026b11f1..9430cde13d1a 100644
--- a/block/elevator.c
+++ b/block/elevator.c
@@ -106,8 +106,7 @@ static struct elevator_type *__elevator_find(const char *name)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct elevator_type *elevator_find_get(struct request_queue *q,
-		const char *name)
+static struct elevator_type *elevator_find_get(const char *name)
 {
 	struct elevator_type *e;
 
@@ -551,7 +550,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_unregister);
 static inline bool elv_support_iosched(struct request_queue *q)
 {
 	if (!queue_is_mq(q) ||
-	    (q->tag_set && (q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED)))
+	    (q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED))
 		return false;
 	return true;
 }
@@ -562,14 +561,14 @@ static inline bool elv_support_iosched(struct request_queue *q)
  */
 static struct elevator_type *elevator_get_default(struct request_queue *q)
 {
-	if (q->tag_set && q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED_BY_DEFAULT)
+	if (q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED_BY_DEFAULT)
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (q->nr_hw_queues != 1 &&
 	    !blk_mq_is_shared_tags(q->tag_set->flags))
 		return NULL;
 
-	return elevator_find_get(q, "mq-deadline");
+	return elevator_find_get("mq-deadline");
 }
 
 /*
@@ -697,7 +696,7 @@ static int elevator_change(struct request_queue *q, const char *elevator_name)
 	if (q->elevator && elevator_match(q->elevator->type, elevator_name))
 		return 0;
 
-	e = elevator_find_get(q, elevator_name);
+	e = elevator_find_get(elevator_name);
 	if (!e)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	ret = elevator_switch(q, e);
@@ -709,13 +708,21 @@ int elv_iosched_load_module(struct gendisk *disk, const char *buf,
 			    size_t count)
 {
 	char elevator_name[ELV_NAME_MAX];
+	struct elevator_type *found;
+	const char *name;
 
 	if (!elv_support_iosched(disk->queue))
 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
 	strscpy(elevator_name, buf, sizeof(elevator_name));
+	name = strstrip(elevator_name);
 
-	request_module("%s-iosched", strstrip(elevator_name));
+	spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
+	found = __elevator_find(name);
+	spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
+
+	if (!found)
+		request_module("%s-iosched", name);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_int.h b/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_int.h
index 2a05d955e30b..e21492981f7d 100644
--- a/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_int.h
+++ b/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_int.h
@@ -1364,7 +1364,6 @@ extern struct bio_set drbd_io_bio_set;
 
 extern struct mutex resources_mutex;
 
-extern int conn_lowest_minor(struct drbd_connection *connection);
 extern enum drbd_ret_code drbd_create_device(struct drbd_config_context *adm_ctx, unsigned int minor);
 extern void drbd_destroy_device(struct kref *kref);
 extern void drbd_delete_device(struct drbd_device *device);
diff --git a/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_main.c b/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_main.c
index 0d74d75260ef..5bbd312c3e14 100644
--- a/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_main.c
+++ b/drivers/block/drbd/drbd_main.c
@@ -471,20 +471,6 @@ void _drbd_thread_stop(struct drbd_thread *thi, int restart, int wait)
 		wait_for_completion(&thi->stop);
 }
 
-int conn_lowest_minor(struct drbd_connection *connection)
-{
-	struct drbd_peer_device *peer_device;
-	int vnr = 0, minor = -1;
-
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	peer_device = idr_get_next(&connection->peer_devices, &vnr);
-	if (peer_device)
-		minor = device_to_minor(peer_device->device);
-	rcu_read_unlock();
-
-	return minor;
-}
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 /*
  * drbd_calc_cpu_mask() - Generate CPU masks, spread over all CPUs
diff --git a/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c b/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
index a6c8e5cc6051..6ba2c1dd1d87 100644
--- a/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
@@ -2380,10 +2380,19 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_add_dev(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd)
 	 * TODO: provide forward progress for RECOVERY handler, so that
 	 * unprivileged device can benefit from it
 	 */
-	if (info.flags & UBLK_F_UNPRIVILEGED_DEV)
+	if (info.flags & UBLK_F_UNPRIVILEGED_DEV) {
 		info.flags &= ~(UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY_REISSUE |
 				UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY);
 
+		/*
+		 * For USER_COPY, we depends on userspace to fill request
+		 * buffer by pwrite() to ublk char device, which can't be
+		 * used for unprivileged device
+		 */
+		if (info.flags & UBLK_F_USER_COPY)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
 	/* the created device is always owned by current user */
 	ublk_store_owner_uid_gid(&info.owner_uid, &info.owner_gid);
 
diff --git a/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c b/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
index 9b0f37d4b9d4..6a99a459b80b 100644
--- a/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
+++ b/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
@@ -2313,7 +2313,7 @@ static int cdrom_ioctl_media_changed(struct cdrom_device_info *cdi,
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	/* Prevent arg from speculatively bypassing the length check */
-	barrier_nospec();
+	arg = array_index_nospec(arg, cdi->capacity);
 
 	info = kmalloc(sizeof(*info), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!info)
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
index 43d73d31c66f..84cb859a911d 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
@@ -1292,14 +1292,12 @@ static void nvme_queue_keep_alive_work(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 	queue_delayed_work(nvme_wq, &ctrl->ka_work, delay);
 }
 
-static enum rq_end_io_ret nvme_keep_alive_end_io(struct request *rq,
-						 blk_status_t status)
+static void nvme_keep_alive_finish(struct request *rq,
+		blk_status_t status, struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 {
-	struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl = rq->end_io_data;
-	unsigned long flags;
-	bool startka = false;
 	unsigned long rtt = jiffies - (rq->deadline - rq->timeout);
 	unsigned long delay = nvme_keep_alive_work_period(ctrl);
+	enum nvme_ctrl_state state = nvme_ctrl_state(ctrl);
 
 	/*
 	 * Subtract off the keepalive RTT so nvme_keep_alive_work runs
@@ -1313,25 +1311,17 @@ static enum rq_end_io_ret nvme_keep_alive_end_io(struct request *rq,
 		delay = 0;
 	}
 
-	blk_mq_free_request(rq);
-
 	if (status) {
 		dev_err(ctrl->device,
 			"failed nvme_keep_alive_end_io error=%d\n",
 				status);
-		return RQ_END_IO_NONE;
+		return;
 	}
 
 	ctrl->ka_last_check_time = jiffies;
 	ctrl->comp_seen = false;
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&ctrl->lock, flags);
-	if (ctrl->state == NVME_CTRL_LIVE ||
-	    ctrl->state == NVME_CTRL_CONNECTING)
-		startka = true;
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctrl->lock, flags);
-	if (startka)
+	if (state == NVME_CTRL_LIVE || state == NVME_CTRL_CONNECTING)
 		queue_delayed_work(nvme_wq, &ctrl->ka_work, delay);
-	return RQ_END_IO_NONE;
 }
 
 static void nvme_keep_alive_work(struct work_struct *work)
@@ -1340,6 +1330,7 @@ static void nvme_keep_alive_work(struct work_struct *work)
 			struct nvme_ctrl, ka_work);
 	bool comp_seen = ctrl->comp_seen;
 	struct request *rq;
+	blk_status_t status;
 
 	ctrl->ka_last_check_time = jiffies;
 
@@ -1362,9 +1353,9 @@ static void nvme_keep_alive_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	nvme_init_request(rq, &ctrl->ka_cmd);
 
 	rq->timeout = ctrl->kato * HZ;
-	rq->end_io = nvme_keep_alive_end_io;
-	rq->end_io_data = ctrl;
-	blk_execute_rq_nowait(rq, false);
+	status = blk_execute_rq(rq, false);
+	nvme_keep_alive_finish(rq, status, ctrl);
+	blk_mq_free_request(rq);
 }
 
 static void nvme_start_keep_alive(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
@@ -2458,8 +2449,13 @@ int nvme_enable_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 	else
 		ctrl->ctrl_config = NVME_CC_CSS_NVM;
 
-	if (ctrl->cap & NVME_CAP_CRMS_CRWMS && ctrl->cap & NVME_CAP_CRMS_CRIMS)
-		ctrl->ctrl_config |= NVME_CC_CRIME;
+	/*
+	 * Setting CRIME results in CSTS.RDY before the media is ready. This
+	 * makes it possible for media related commands to return the error
+	 * NVME_SC_ADMIN_COMMAND_MEDIA_NOT_READY. Until the driver is
+	 * restructured to handle retries, disable CC.CRIME.
+	 */
+	ctrl->ctrl_config &= ~NVME_CC_CRIME;
 
 	ctrl->ctrl_config |= (NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SHIFT - 12) << NVME_CC_MPS_SHIFT;
 	ctrl->ctrl_config |= NVME_CC_AMS_RR | NVME_CC_SHN_NONE;
@@ -2489,10 +2485,7 @@ int nvme_enable_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 		 * devices are known to get this wrong. Use the larger of the
 		 * two values.
 		 */
-		if (ctrl->ctrl_config & NVME_CC_CRIME)
-			ready_timeout = NVME_CRTO_CRIMT(crto);
-		else
-			ready_timeout = NVME_CRTO_CRWMT(crto);
+		ready_timeout = NVME_CRTO_CRWMT(crto);
 
 		if (ready_timeout < timeout)
 			dev_warn_once(ctrl->device, "bad crto:%x cap:%llx\n",
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
index 48e7a8906d01..6a15873055b9 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
@@ -431,7 +431,6 @@ static bool nvme_available_path(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 		case NVME_CTRL_LIVE:
 		case NVME_CTRL_RESETTING:
 		case NVME_CTRL_CONNECTING:
-			/* fallthru */
 			return true;
 		default:
 			break;
@@ -580,6 +579,20 @@ static int nvme_add_ns_head_cdev(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void nvme_partition_scan_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct nvme_ns_head *head =
+		container_of(work, struct nvme_ns_head, partition_scan_work);
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!test_and_clear_bit(GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN,
+					     &head->disk->state)))
+		return;
+
+	mutex_lock(&head->disk->open_mutex);
+	bdev_disk_changed(head->disk, false);
+	mutex_unlock(&head->disk->open_mutex);
+}
+
 static void nvme_requeue_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct nvme_ns_head *head =
@@ -606,6 +619,7 @@ int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 	bio_list_init(&head->requeue_list);
 	spin_lock_init(&head->requeue_lock);
 	INIT_WORK(&head->requeue_work, nvme_requeue_work);
+	INIT_WORK(&head->partition_scan_work, nvme_partition_scan_work);
 
 	/*
 	 * Add a multipath node if the subsystems supports multiple controllers.
@@ -629,6 +643,16 @@ int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 		return PTR_ERR(head->disk);
 	head->disk->fops = &nvme_ns_head_ops;
 	head->disk->private_data = head;
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to suppress the partition scan from occuring within the
+	 * controller's scan_work context. If a path error occurs here, the IO
+	 * will wait until a path becomes available or all paths are torn down,
+	 * but that action also occurs within scan_work, so it would deadlock.
+	 * Defer the partion scan to a different context that does not block
+	 * scan_work.
+	 */
+	set_bit(GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN, &head->disk->state);
 	sprintf(head->disk->disk_name, "nvme%dn%d",
 			ctrl->subsys->instance, head->instance);
 	return 0;
@@ -655,6 +679,7 @@ static void nvme_mpath_set_live(struct nvme_ns *ns)
 			return;
 		}
 		nvme_add_ns_head_cdev(head);
+		kblockd_schedule_work(&head->partition_scan_work);
 	}
 
 	mutex_lock(&head->lock);
@@ -974,14 +999,14 @@ void nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 		return;
 	if (test_and_clear_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE, &head->flags)) {
 		nvme_cdev_del(&head->cdev, &head->cdev_device);
+		/*
+		 * requeue I/O after NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE has been cleared
+		 * to allow multipath to fail all I/O.
+		 */
+		synchronize_srcu(&head->srcu);
+		kblockd_schedule_work(&head->requeue_work);
 		del_gendisk(head->disk);
 	}
-	/*
-	 * requeue I/O after NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE has been cleared
-	 * to allow multipath to fail all I/O.
-	 */
-	synchronize_srcu(&head->srcu);
-	kblockd_schedule_work(&head->requeue_work);
 }
 
 void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
@@ -991,6 +1016,7 @@ void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 	/* make sure all pending bios are cleaned up */
 	kblockd_schedule_work(&head->requeue_work);
 	flush_work(&head->requeue_work);
+	flush_work(&head->partition_scan_work);
 	put_disk(head->disk);
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
index 313a4f978a2c..093cb423f536 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
@@ -494,6 +494,7 @@ struct nvme_ns_head {
 	struct bio_list		requeue_list;
 	spinlock_t		requeue_lock;
 	struct work_struct	requeue_work;
+	struct work_struct	partition_scan_work;
 	struct mutex		lock;
 	unsigned long		flags;
 #define NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE	0
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c b/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
index 7990c3f22ecf..4b9fda0b1d9a 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
@@ -2506,17 +2506,29 @@ static unsigned int nvme_pci_nr_maps(struct nvme_dev *dev)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void nvme_pci_update_nr_queues(struct nvme_dev *dev)
+static bool nvme_pci_update_nr_queues(struct nvme_dev *dev)
 {
 	if (!dev->ctrl.tagset) {
 		nvme_alloc_io_tag_set(&dev->ctrl, &dev->tagset, &nvme_mq_ops,
 				nvme_pci_nr_maps(dev), sizeof(struct nvme_iod));
-		return;
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* Give up if we are racing with nvme_dev_disable() */
+	if (!mutex_trylock(&dev->shutdown_lock))
+		return false;
+
+	/* Check if nvme_dev_disable() has been executed already */
+	if (!dev->online_queues) {
+		mutex_unlock(&dev->shutdown_lock);
+		return false;
 	}
 
 	blk_mq_update_nr_hw_queues(&dev->tagset, dev->online_queues - 1);
 	/* free previously allocated queues that are no longer usable */
 	nvme_free_queues(dev, dev->online_queues);
+	mutex_unlock(&dev->shutdown_lock);
+	return true;
 }
 
 static int nvme_pci_enable(struct nvme_dev *dev)
@@ -2797,7 +2809,8 @@ static void nvme_reset_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		nvme_dbbuf_set(dev);
 		nvme_unquiesce_io_queues(&dev->ctrl);
 		nvme_wait_freeze(&dev->ctrl);
-		nvme_pci_update_nr_queues(dev);
+		if (!nvme_pci_update_nr_queues(dev))
+			goto out;
 		nvme_unfreeze(&dev->ctrl);
 	} else {
 		dev_warn(dev->ctrl.device, "IO queues lost\n");
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c b/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
index 89c44413c593..3e416af2659f 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
@@ -2644,10 +2644,11 @@ static int nvme_tcp_get_address(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, char *buf, int size)
 
 	len = nvmf_get_address(ctrl, buf, size);
 
+	if (!test_bit(NVME_TCP_Q_LIVE, &queue->flags))
+		return len;
+
 	mutex_lock(&queue->queue_lock);
 
-	if (!test_bit(NVME_TCP_Q_LIVE, &queue->flags))
-		goto done;
 	ret = kernel_getsockname(queue->sock, (struct sockaddr *)&src_addr);
 	if (ret > 0) {
 		if (len > 0)
@@ -2655,7 +2656,7 @@ static int nvme_tcp_get_address(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, char *buf, int size)
 		len += scnprintf(buf + len, size - len, "%ssrc_addr=%pISc\n",
 				(len) ? "," : "", &src_addr);
 	}
-done:
+
 	mutex_unlock(&queue->queue_lock);
 
 	return len;
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c b/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
index e32790d8fc26..a9d112d34d4f 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
@@ -265,6 +265,13 @@ static void nvme_loop_destroy_admin_queue(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 {
 	if (!test_and_clear_bit(NVME_LOOP_Q_LIVE, &ctrl->queues[0].flags))
 		return;
+	/*
+	 * It's possible that some requests might have been added
+	 * after admin queue is stopped/quiesced. So now start the
+	 * queue to flush these requests to the completion.
+	 */
+	nvme_unquiesce_admin_queue(&ctrl->ctrl);
+
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_sq);
 	nvme_remove_admin_tag_set(&ctrl->ctrl);
 }
@@ -297,6 +304,12 @@ static void nvme_loop_destroy_io_queues(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 		nvmet_sq_destroy(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_sq);
 	}
 	ctrl->ctrl.queue_count = 1;
+	/*
+	 * It's possible that some requests might have been added
+	 * after io queue is stopped/quiesced. So now start the
+	 * queue to flush these requests to the completion.
+	 */
+	nvme_unquiesce_io_queues(&ctrl->ctrl);
 }
 
 static int nvme_loop_init_io_queues(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/passthru.c b/drivers/nvme/target/passthru.c
index 24d0e2418d2e..0f9b280c438d 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/passthru.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/passthru.c
@@ -535,10 +535,6 @@ u16 nvmet_parse_passthru_admin_cmd(struct nvmet_req *req)
 		break;
 	case nvme_admin_identify:
 		switch (req->cmd->identify.cns) {
-		case NVME_ID_CNS_CTRL:
-			req->execute = nvmet_passthru_execute_cmd;
-			req->p.use_workqueue = true;
-			return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
 		case NVME_ID_CNS_CS_CTRL:
 			switch (req->cmd->identify.csi) {
 			case NVME_CSI_ZNS:
@@ -547,7 +543,9 @@ u16 nvmet_parse_passthru_admin_cmd(struct nvmet_req *req)
 				return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
 			}
 			return NVME_SC_INVALID_OPCODE | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+		case NVME_ID_CNS_CTRL:
 		case NVME_ID_CNS_NS:
+		case NVME_ID_CNS_NS_DESC_LIST:
 			req->execute = nvmet_passthru_execute_cmd;
 			req->p.use_workqueue = true;
 			return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c b/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
index ade285308450..1afd93026f9b 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@
 
 #define NVMET_RDMA_BACKLOG 128
 
+#define NVMET_RDMA_DISCRETE_RSP_TAG		-1
+
 struct nvmet_rdma_srq;
 
 struct nvmet_rdma_cmd {
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ struct nvmet_rdma_rsp {
 	u32			invalidate_rkey;
 
 	struct list_head	wait_list;
-	struct list_head	free_list;
+	int			tag;
 };
 
 enum nvmet_rdma_queue_state {
@@ -98,8 +100,7 @@ struct nvmet_rdma_queue {
 	struct nvmet_sq		nvme_sq;
 
 	struct nvmet_rdma_rsp	*rsps;
-	struct list_head	free_rsps;
-	spinlock_t		rsps_lock;
+	struct sbitmap		rsp_tags;
 	struct nvmet_rdma_cmd	*cmds;
 
 	struct work_struct	release_work;
@@ -172,7 +173,8 @@ static void nvmet_rdma_queue_disconnect(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue);
 static void nvmet_rdma_free_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
 				struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *r);
 static int nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
-				struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *r);
+				struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *r,
+				int tag);
 
 static const struct nvmet_fabrics_ops nvmet_rdma_ops;
 
@@ -210,15 +212,12 @@ static inline bool nvmet_rdma_need_data_out(struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *rsp)
 static inline struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *
 nvmet_rdma_get_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 {
-	struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *rsp;
-	unsigned long flags;
+	struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *rsp = NULL;
+	int tag;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->rsps_lock, flags);
-	rsp = list_first_entry_or_null(&queue->free_rsps,
-				struct nvmet_rdma_rsp, free_list);
-	if (likely(rsp))
-		list_del(&rsp->free_list);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->rsps_lock, flags);
+	tag = sbitmap_get(&queue->rsp_tags);
+	if (tag >= 0)
+		rsp = &queue->rsps[tag];
 
 	if (unlikely(!rsp)) {
 		int ret;
@@ -226,13 +225,12 @@ nvmet_rdma_get_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 		rsp = kzalloc(sizeof(*rsp), GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (unlikely(!rsp))
 			return NULL;
-		ret = nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(queue->dev, rsp);
+		ret = nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(queue->dev, rsp,
+				NVMET_RDMA_DISCRETE_RSP_TAG);
 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
 			kfree(rsp);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-
-		rsp->allocated = true;
 	}
 
 	return rsp;
@@ -241,17 +239,13 @@ nvmet_rdma_get_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 static inline void
 nvmet_rdma_put_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *rsp)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-	if (unlikely(rsp->allocated)) {
+	if (unlikely(rsp->tag == NVMET_RDMA_DISCRETE_RSP_TAG)) {
 		nvmet_rdma_free_rsp(rsp->queue->dev, rsp);
 		kfree(rsp);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&rsp->queue->rsps_lock, flags);
-	list_add_tail(&rsp->free_list, &rsp->queue->free_rsps);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->queue->rsps_lock, flags);
+	sbitmap_clear_bit(&rsp->queue->rsp_tags, rsp->tag);
 }
 
 static void nvmet_rdma_free_inline_pages(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
@@ -404,7 +398,7 @@ static void nvmet_rdma_free_cmds(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
 }
 
 static int nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
-		struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *r)
+		struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *r, int tag)
 {
 	/* NVMe CQE / RDMA SEND */
 	r->req.cqe = kmalloc(sizeof(*r->req.cqe), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -432,6 +426,7 @@ static int nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
 	r->read_cqe.done = nvmet_rdma_read_data_done;
 	/* Data Out / RDMA WRITE */
 	r->write_cqe.done = nvmet_rdma_write_data_done;
+	r->tag = tag;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -454,21 +449,23 @@ nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsps(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 {
 	struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev = queue->dev;
 	int nr_rsps = queue->recv_queue_size * 2;
-	int ret = -EINVAL, i;
+	int ret = -ENOMEM, i;
+
+	if (sbitmap_init_node(&queue->rsp_tags, nr_rsps, -1, GFP_KERNEL,
+			NUMA_NO_NODE, false, true))
+		goto out;
 
 	queue->rsps = kcalloc(nr_rsps, sizeof(struct nvmet_rdma_rsp),
 			GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!queue->rsps)
-		goto out;
+		goto out_free_sbitmap;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_rsps; i++) {
 		struct nvmet_rdma_rsp *rsp = &queue->rsps[i];
 
-		ret = nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(ndev, rsp);
+		ret = nvmet_rdma_alloc_rsp(ndev, rsp, i);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out_free;
-
-		list_add_tail(&rsp->free_list, &queue->free_rsps);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -477,6 +474,8 @@ out_free:
 	while (--i >= 0)
 		nvmet_rdma_free_rsp(ndev, &queue->rsps[i]);
 	kfree(queue->rsps);
+out_free_sbitmap:
+	sbitmap_free(&queue->rsp_tags);
 out:
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -489,6 +488,7 @@ static void nvmet_rdma_free_rsps(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_rsps; i++)
 		nvmet_rdma_free_rsp(ndev, &queue->rsps[i]);
 	kfree(queue->rsps);
+	sbitmap_free(&queue->rsp_tags);
 }
 
 static int nvmet_rdma_post_recv(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
@@ -1447,8 +1447,6 @@ nvmet_rdma_alloc_queue(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->rsp_wait_list);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->rsp_wr_wait_list);
 	spin_lock_init(&queue->rsp_wr_wait_lock);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->free_rsps);
-	spin_lock_init(&queue->rsps_lock);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->queue_list);
 
 	queue->idx = ida_alloc(&nvmet_rdma_queue_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/ublk_cmd.h b/include/uapi/linux/ublk_cmd.h
index c8dc5f8ea699..12873639ea96 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/ublk_cmd.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/ublk_cmd.h
@@ -175,7 +175,13 @@
 /* use ioctl encoding for uring command */
 #define UBLK_F_CMD_IOCTL_ENCODE	(1UL << 6)
 
-/* Copy between request and user buffer by pread()/pwrite() */
+/*
+ *  Copy between request and user buffer by pread()/pwrite()
+ *
+ *  Not available for UBLK_F_UNPRIVILEGED_DEV, otherwise userspace may
+ *  deceive us by not filling request buffer, then kernel uninitialized
+ *  data may be leaked.
+ */
 #define UBLK_F_USER_COPY	(1UL << 7)
 
 /*