selftests/bpf: add tests confirming type logic in kernel for __arg_ctx

Add a bunch of global subprogs across variety of program types to
validate expected kernel type enforcement logic for __arg_ctx arguments.

Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240118033143.3384355-5-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_global_subprogs.c

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <vmlinux.h>
 #include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
 #include "bpf_misc.h"
 #include "xdp_metadata.h"
 #include "bpf_kfuncs.h"
@@ -138,25 +139,182 @@ __weak int subprog_ctx_tag(void *ctx __arg_ctx)
 	return bpf_get_stack(ctx, stack, sizeof(stack), 0);
 }
 
+__weak int raw_tp_canonical(struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int raw_tp_u64_array(u64 *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
 SEC("?raw_tp")
 __success __log_level(2)
 int arg_tag_ctx_raw_tp(void *ctx)
 {
-	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx);
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) + raw_tp_canonical(ctx) + raw_tp_u64_array(ctx);
+}
+
+SEC("?raw_tp.w")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int arg_tag_ctx_raw_tp_writable(void *ctx)
+{
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) + raw_tp_canonical(ctx) + raw_tp_u64_array(ctx);
+}
+
+SEC("?tp_btf/sys_enter")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int arg_tag_ctx_raw_tp_btf(void *ctx)
+{
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) + raw_tp_canonical(ctx) + raw_tp_u64_array(ctx);
+}
+
+struct whatever { };
+
+__weak int tp_whatever(struct whatever *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
 }
 
 SEC("?tp")
 __success __log_level(2)
 int arg_tag_ctx_tp(void *ctx)
 {
-	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx);
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) + tp_whatever(ctx);
+}
+
+__weak int kprobe_subprog_pt_regs(struct pt_regs *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int kprobe_subprog_typedef(bpf_user_pt_regs_t *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
 }
 
 SEC("?kprobe")
 __success __log_level(2)
 int arg_tag_ctx_kprobe(void *ctx)
 {
-	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx);
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) +
+	       kprobe_subprog_pt_regs(ctx) +
+	       kprobe_subprog_typedef(ctx);
+}
+
+__weak int perf_subprog_regs(
+#if defined(bpf_target_riscv)
+	struct user_regs_struct *ctx __arg_ctx
+#elif defined(bpf_target_s390)
+	/* user_pt_regs typedef is anonymous struct, so only `void *` works */
+	void *ctx __arg_ctx
+#elif defined(bpf_target_loongarch) || defined(bpf_target_arm64) || defined(bpf_target_powerpc)
+	struct user_pt_regs *ctx __arg_ctx
+#else
+	struct pt_regs *ctx __arg_ctx
+#endif
+)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int perf_subprog_typedef(bpf_user_pt_regs_t *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int perf_subprog_canonical(struct bpf_perf_event_data *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("?perf_event")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int arg_tag_ctx_perf(void *ctx)
+{
+	return subprog_ctx_tag(ctx) +
+	       perf_subprog_regs(ctx) +
+	       perf_subprog_typedef(ctx) +
+	       perf_subprog_canonical(ctx);
+}
+
+__weak int iter_subprog_void(void *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int iter_subprog_typed(struct bpf_iter__task *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("?iter/task")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int arg_tag_ctx_iter_task(struct bpf_iter__task *ctx)
+{
+	return (iter_subprog_void(ctx) + iter_subprog_typed(ctx)) & 1;
+}
+
+__weak int tracing_subprog_void(void *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__weak int tracing_subprog_u64(u64 *ctx __arg_ctx)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int acc;
+
+SEC("?fentry/" SYS_PREFIX "sys_nanosleep")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int BPF_PROG(arg_tag_ctx_fentry)
+{
+	acc += tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("?fexit/" SYS_PREFIX "sys_nanosleep")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int BPF_PROG(arg_tag_ctx_fexit)
+{
+	acc += tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("?fmod_ret/" SYS_PREFIX "sys_nanosleep")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int BPF_PROG(arg_tag_ctx_fmod_ret)
+{
+	return tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx);
+}
+
+SEC("?lsm/bpf")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int BPF_PROG(arg_tag_ctx_lsm)
+{
+	return tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx);
+}
+
+SEC("?struct_ops/test_1")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int BPF_PROG(arg_tag_ctx_struct_ops)
+{
+	return tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx);
+}
+
+SEC(".struct_ops")
+struct bpf_dummy_ops dummy_1 = {
+	.test_1 = (void *)arg_tag_ctx_struct_ops,
+};
+
+SEC("?syscall")
+__success __log_level(2)
+int arg_tag_ctx_syscall(void *ctx)
+{
+	return tracing_subprog_void(ctx) + tracing_subprog_u64(ctx) + tp_whatever(ctx);
 }
 
 __weak int subprog_dynptr(struct bpf_dynptr *dptr)