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samples/bpf: bpf_tail_call example for tracing

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kprobe example that demonstrates how future seccomp programs may look like.
It attaches to seccomp_phase1() function and tail-calls other BPF programs
depending on syscall number.

Existing optimized classic BPF seccomp programs generated by Chrome look like:
if (sd.nr < 121) {
  if (sd.nr < 57) {
    if (sd.nr < 22) {
      if (sd.nr < 7) {
        if (sd.nr < 4) {
          if (sd.nr < 1) {
            check sys_read
          } else {
            if (sd.nr < 3) {
              check sys_write and sys_open
            } else {
              check sys_close
            }
          }
        } else {
      } else {
    } else {
  } else {
} else {
}

the future seccomp using native eBPF may look like:
  bpf_tail_call(&sd, &syscall_jmp_table, sd.nr);
which is simpler, faster and leaves more room for per-syscall checks.

Usage:
$ sudo ./tracex5
<...>-366   [001] d...     4.870033: : read(fd=1, buf=00007f6d5bebf000, size=771)
<...>-369   [003] d...     4.870066: : mmap
<...>-369   [003] d...     4.870077: : syscall=110 (one of get/set uid/pid/gid)
<...>-369   [003] d...     4.870089: : syscall=107 (one of get/set uid/pid/gid)
   sh-369   [000] d...     4.891740: : read(fd=0, buf=00000000023d1000, size=512)
   sh-369   [000] d...     4.891747: : write(fd=1, buf=00000000023d3000, size=512)
   sh-369   [000] d...     4.891747: : read(fd=1, buf=00000000023d3000, size=512)

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This commit is contained in:
Alexei Starovoitov 2015-05-19 16:59:05 -07:00 committed by David S. Miller
parent b52f00e6a7
commit 5bacd7805a
5 changed files with 172 additions and 12 deletions
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4
samples/bpf/Makefile
View File

@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ hostprogs-y += tracex1
hostprogs-y += tracex2
hostprogs-y += tracex3
hostprogs-y += tracex4
hostprogs-y += tracex5
test_verifier-objs := test_verifier.o libbpf.o
test_maps-objs := test_maps.o libbpf.o
@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ tracex1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex1_user.o
tracex2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex2_user.o
tracex3-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex3_user.o
tracex4-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex4_user.o
tracex5-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex5_user.o
# Tell kbuild to always build the programs
always := $(hostprogs-y)
@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ always += tracex1_kern.o
always += tracex2_kern.o
always += tracex3_kern.o
always += tracex4_kern.o
always += tracex5_kern.o
always += tcbpf1_kern.o
HOSTCFLAGS += -I$(objtree)/usr/include
@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex1 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex2 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex3 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex4 += -lelf -lrt
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex5 += -lelf
# point this to your LLVM backend with bpf support
LLC=$(srctree)/tools/bpf/llvm/bld/Debug+Asserts/bin/llc

2
samples/bpf/bpf_helpers.h
View File

@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ static unsigned long long (*bpf_ktime_get_ns)(void) =
(void *) BPF_FUNC_ktime_get_ns;
static int (*bpf_trace_printk)(const char *fmt, int fmt_size, ...) =
(void *) BPF_FUNC_trace_printk;
static void (*bpf_tail_call)(void *ctx, void *map, int index) =
(void *) BPF_FUNC_tail_call;
/* llvm builtin functions that eBPF C program may use to
* emit BPF_LD_ABS and BPF_LD_IND instructions

57
samples/bpf/bpf_load.c
View File

@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "libbpf.h"
#include "bpf_helpers.h"
#include "bpf_load.h"
@ -29,6 +30,19 @@ int map_fd[MAX_MAPS];
int prog_fd[MAX_PROGS];
int event_fd[MAX_PROGS];
int prog_cnt;
int prog_array_fd = -1;
static int populate_prog_array(const char *event, int prog_fd)
{
int ind = atoi(event), err;
err = bpf_update_elem(prog_array_fd, &ind, &prog_fd, BPF_ANY);
if (err < 0) {
printf("failed to store prog_fd in prog_array\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int load_and_attach(const char *event, struct bpf_insn *prog, int size)
{
@ -54,12 +68,40 @@ static int load_and_attach(const char *event, struct bpf_insn *prog, int size)
return -1;
}
fd = bpf_prog_load(prog_type, prog, size, license, kern_version);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("bpf_prog_load() err=%d\n%s", errno, bpf_log_buf);
return -1;
}
prog_fd[prog_cnt++] = fd;
if (is_socket) {
event += 6;
if (*event != '/')
return 0;
event++;
if (!isdigit(*event)) {
printf("invalid prog number\n");
return -1;
}
return populate_prog_array(event, fd);
}
if (is_kprobe || is_kretprobe) {
if (is_kprobe)
event += 7;
else
event += 10;
if (*event == 0) {
printf("event name cannot be empty\n");
return -1;
}
if (isdigit(*event))
return populate_prog_array(event, fd);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
"echo '%c:%s %s' >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/kprobe_events",
is_kprobe ? 'p' : 'r', event, event);
@ -71,18 +113,6 @@ static int load_and_attach(const char *event, struct bpf_insn *prog, int size)
}
}
fd = bpf_prog_load(prog_type, prog, size, license, kern_version);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("bpf_prog_load() err=%d\n%s", errno, bpf_log_buf);
return -1;
}
prog_fd[prog_cnt++] = fd;
if (is_socket)
return 0;
strcpy(buf, DEBUGFS);
strcat(buf, "events/kprobes/");
strcat(buf, event);
@ -130,6 +160,9 @@ static int load_maps(struct bpf_map_def *maps, int len)
maps[i].max_entries);
if (map_fd[i] < 0)
return 1;
if (maps[i].type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY)
prog_array_fd = map_fd[i];
}
return 0;
}

75
samples/bpf/tracex5_kern.c Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
/* Copyright (c) 2015 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
*/
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
#include <uapi/linux/seccomp.h>
#include "bpf_helpers.h"
#define PROG(F) SEC("kprobe/"__stringify(F)) int bpf_func_##F
struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") progs = {
.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,
.key_size = sizeof(u32),
.value_size = sizeof(u32),
.max_entries = 1024,
};
SEC("kprobe/seccomp_phase1")
int bpf_prog1(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
struct seccomp_data sd = {};
bpf_probe_read(&sd, sizeof(sd), (void *)ctx->di);
/* dispatch into next BPF program depending on syscall number */
bpf_tail_call(ctx, &progs, sd.nr);
/* fall through -> unknown syscall */
if (sd.nr >= __NR_getuid && sd.nr <= __NR_getsid) {
char fmt[] = "syscall=%d (one of get/set uid/pid/gid)\n";
bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt), sd.nr);
}
return 0;
}
/* we jump here when syscall number == __NR_write */
PROG(__NR_write)(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
struct seccomp_data sd = {};
bpf_probe_read(&sd, sizeof(sd), (void *)ctx->di);
if (sd.args[2] == 512) {
char fmt[] = "write(fd=%d, buf=%p, size=%d)\n";
bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt),
sd.args[0], sd.args[1], sd.args[2]);
}
return 0;
}
PROG(__NR_read)(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
struct seccomp_data sd = {};
bpf_probe_read(&sd, sizeof(sd), (void *)ctx->di);
if (sd.args[2] > 128 && sd.args[2] <= 1024) {
char fmt[] = "read(fd=%d, buf=%p, size=%d)\n";
bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt),
sd.args[0], sd.args[1], sd.args[2]);
}
return 0;
}
PROG(__NR_mmap)(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
char fmt[] = "mmap\n";
bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));
return 0;
}
char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
u32 _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE;

46
samples/bpf/tracex5_user.c Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/seccomp.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include "libbpf.h"
#include "bpf_load.h"
/* install fake seccomp program to enable seccomp code path inside the kernel,
* so that our kprobe attached to seccomp_phase1() can be triggered
*/
static void install_accept_all_seccomp(void)
{
struct sock_filter filter[] = {
BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW),
};
struct sock_fprog prog = {
.len = (unsigned short)(sizeof(filter)/sizeof(filter[0])),
.filter = filter,
};
if (prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, 2, &prog))
perror("prctl");
}
int main(int ac, char **argv)
{
FILE *f;
char filename[256];
snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s_kern.o", argv[0]);
if (load_bpf_file(filename)) {
printf("%s", bpf_log_buf);
return 1;
}
install_accept_all_seccomp();
f = popen("dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=5", "r");
(void) f;
read_trace_pipe();
return 0;
}