netfs: Optimise away reads above the point at which there can be no data

Track the file position above which the server is not expected to have any
data (the "zero point") and preemptively assume that we can satisfy
requests by filling them with zeroes locally rather than attempting to
download them if they're over that line - even if we've written data back
to the server.  Assume that any data that was written back above that
position is held in the local cache.  Note that we have to split requests
that straddle the line.

Make use of this to optimise away some reads from the server.  We need to
set the zero point in the following circumstances:

 (1) When we see an extant remote inode and have no cache for it, we set
     the zero_point to i_size.

 (2) On local inode creation, we set zero_point to 0.

 (3) On local truncation down, we reduce zero_point to the new i_size if
     the new i_size is lower.

 (4) On local truncation up, we don't change zero_point.

 (5) On local modification, we don't change zero_point.

 (6) On remote invalidation, we set zero_point to the new i_size.

 (7) If stored data is discarded from the pagecache or culled from fscache,
     we must set zero_point above that if the data also got written to the
     server.

 (8) If dirty data is written back to the server, but not fscache, we must
     set zero_point above that.

 (9) If a direct I/O write is made, set zero_point above that.

Assuming the above, any read from the server at or above the zero_point
position will return all zeroes.

The zero_point value can be stored in the cache, provided the above rules
are applied to it by any code that culls part of the local cache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

fs/9p/vfs_inode.c

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ void v9fs_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
 static void v9fs_set_netfs_context(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	struct v9fs_inode *v9inode = V9FS_I(inode);
-	netfs_inode_init(&v9inode->netfs, &v9fs_req_ops);
+	netfs_inode_init(&v9inode->netfs, &v9fs_req_ops, true);
 }
 
 int v9fs_init_inode(struct v9fs_session_info *v9ses,

fs/afs/dynroot.c

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ struct inode *afs_iget_pseudo_dir(struct super_block *sb, bool root)
 	/* there shouldn't be an existing inode */
 	BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW));
 
-	netfs_inode_init(&vnode->netfs, NULL);
+	netfs_inode_init(&vnode->netfs, NULL, false);
 	inode->i_size		= 0;
 	inode->i_mode		= S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO;
 	if (root) {

fs/afs/inode.c

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static noinline void dump_vnode(struct afs_vnode *vnode, struct afs_vnode *paren
  */
 static void afs_set_netfs_context(struct afs_vnode *vnode)
 {
-	netfs_inode_init(&vnode->netfs, &afs_req_ops);
+	netfs_inode_init(&vnode->netfs, &afs_req_ops, true);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ static void afs_apply_status(struct afs_operation *op,
 	struct inode *inode = &vnode->netfs.inode;
 	struct timespec64 t;
 	umode_t mode;
+	bool unexpected_jump = false;
 	bool data_changed = false;
 	bool change_size = vp->set_size;
 
@@ -231,6 +232,7 @@ static void afs_apply_status(struct afs_operation *op,
 		}
 		change_size = true;
 		data_changed = true;
+		unexpected_jump = true;
 	} else if (vnode->status.type == AFS_FTYPE_DIR) {
 		/* Expected directory change is handled elsewhere so
 		 * that we can locally edit the directory and save on a
@@ -252,6 +254,8 @@ static void afs_apply_status(struct afs_operation *op,
 		vnode->netfs.remote_i_size = status->size;
 		if (change_size || status->size > i_size_read(inode)) {
 			afs_set_i_size(vnode, status->size);
+			if (unexpected_jump)
+				vnode->netfs.zero_point = status->size;
 			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, t);
 			inode_set_atime_to_ts(inode, t);
 		}
@@ -865,17 +869,17 @@ static void afs_setattr_success(struct afs_operation *op)
 static void afs_setattr_edit_file(struct afs_operation *op)
 {
 	struct afs_vnode_param *vp = &op->file[0];
-	struct inode *inode = &vp->vnode->netfs.inode;
+	struct afs_vnode *vnode = vp->vnode;
 
 	if (op->setattr.attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
 		loff_t size = op->setattr.attr->ia_size;
 		loff_t i_size = op->setattr.old_i_size;
 
-		if (size < i_size)
-			truncate_pagecache(inode, size);
-		if (size != i_size)
-			fscache_resize_cookie(afs_vnode_cache(vp->vnode),
-					      vp->scb.status.size);
+		if (size != i_size) {
+			truncate_setsize(&vnode->netfs.inode, size);
+			netfs_resize_file(&vnode->netfs, size, true);
+			fscache_resize_cookie(afs_vnode_cache(vnode), size);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -943,11 +947,11 @@ int afs_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
 		 */
 		if (!(attr->ia_valid & (supported & ~ATTR_SIZE & ~ATTR_MTIME)) &&
 		    attr->ia_size < i_size &&
-		    attr->ia_size > vnode->status.size) {
-			truncate_pagecache(inode, attr->ia_size);
+		    attr->ia_size > vnode->netfs.remote_i_size) {
+			truncate_setsize(inode, attr->ia_size);
+			netfs_resize_file(&vnode->netfs, size, false);
 			fscache_resize_cookie(afs_vnode_cache(vnode),
 					      attr->ia_size);
-			i_size_write(inode, attr->ia_size);
 			ret = 0;
 			goto out_unlock;
 		}

fs/ceph/inode.c

@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ struct inode *ceph_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
 	doutc(fsc->client, "%p\n", &ci->netfs.inode);
 
 	/* Set parameters for the netfs library */
-	netfs_inode_init(&ci->netfs, &ceph_netfs_ops);
+	netfs_inode_init(&ci->netfs, &ceph_netfs_ops, false);
 
 	spin_lock_init(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
 

fs/netfs/buffered_write.c

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static enum netfs_how_to_modify netfs_how_to_modify(struct netfs_inode *ctx,
 	if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
 		return NETFS_FOLIO_IS_UPTODATE;
 
-	if (pos >= ctx->remote_i_size)
+	if (pos >= ctx->zero_point)
 		return NETFS_MODIFY_AND_CLEAR;
 
 	if (!maybe_trouble && offset == 0 && len >= flen)

fs/netfs/direct_write.c

@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ ssize_t netfs_unbuffered_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
 	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
 	struct netfs_inode *ictx = netfs_inode(inode);
+	unsigned long long end;
 	ssize_t ret;
 
 	_enter("%llx,%zx,%llx", iocb->ki_pos, iov_iter_count(from), i_size_read(inode));
@@ -155,6 +156,9 @@ ssize_t netfs_unbuffered_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	ret = kiocb_invalidate_pages(iocb, iov_iter_count(from));
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out;
+	end = iocb->ki_pos + iov_iter_count(from);
+	if (end > ictx->zero_point)
+		ictx->zero_point = end;
 
 	fscache_invalidate(netfs_i_cookie(ictx), NULL, i_size_read(inode),
 			   FSCACHE_INVAL_DIO_WRITE);

fs/netfs/io.c

@@ -569,6 +569,7 @@ netfs_rreq_prepare_read(struct netfs_io_request *rreq,
 			struct iov_iter *io_iter)
 {
 	enum netfs_io_source source = NETFS_DOWNLOAD_FROM_SERVER;
+	struct netfs_inode *ictx = netfs_inode(rreq->inode);
 	size_t lsize;
 
 	_enter("%llx-%llx,%llx", subreq->start, subreq->start + subreq->len, rreq->i_size);
@@ -586,6 +587,14 @@ netfs_rreq_prepare_read(struct netfs_io_request *rreq,
 		 * to make serial calls, it can indicate a short read and then
 		 * we will call it again.
 		 */
+		if (rreq->origin != NETFS_DIO_READ) {
+			if (subreq->start >= ictx->zero_point) {
+				source = NETFS_FILL_WITH_ZEROES;
+				goto set;
+			}
+			if (subreq->len > ictx->zero_point - subreq->start)
+				subreq->len = ictx->zero_point - subreq->start;
+		}
 		if (subreq->len > rreq->i_size - subreq->start)
 			subreq->len = rreq->i_size - subreq->start;
 		if (rreq->rsize && subreq->len > rreq->rsize)
@@ -607,6 +616,7 @@ netfs_rreq_prepare_read(struct netfs_io_request *rreq,
 		}
 	}
 
+set:
 	if (subreq->len > rreq->len)
 		pr_warn("R=%08x[%u] SREQ>RREQ %zx > %zx\n",
 			rreq->debug_id, subreq->debug_index,

fs/netfs/misc.c

@@ -240,6 +240,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(netfs_invalidate_folio);
 bool netfs_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp)
 {
 	struct netfs_inode *ctx = netfs_inode(folio_inode(folio));
+	unsigned long long end;
+
+	end = folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio);
+	if (end > ctx->zero_point)
+		ctx->zero_point = end;
 
 	if (folio_test_private(folio))
 		return false;

fs/nfs/fscache.h

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ static inline void nfs_netfs_put(struct nfs_netfs_io_data *netfs)
 }
 static inline void nfs_netfs_inode_init(struct nfs_inode *nfsi)
 {
-	netfs_inode_init(&nfsi->netfs, &nfs_netfs_ops);
+	netfs_inode_init(&nfsi->netfs, &nfs_netfs_ops, false);
 }
 extern void nfs_netfs_initiate_read(struct nfs_pgio_header *hdr);
 extern void nfs_netfs_read_completion(struct nfs_pgio_header *hdr);

fs/smb/client/cifsfs.c

@@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@ static int cifs_precopy_set_eof(struct inode *src_inode, struct cifsInodeInfo *s
 	if (rc < 0)
 		goto set_failed;
 
-	netfs_resize_file(&src_cifsi->netfs, src_end);
+	netfs_resize_file(&src_cifsi->netfs, src_end, true);
 	fscache_resize_cookie(cifs_inode_cookie(src_inode), src_end);
 	return 0;
 
@@ -1351,7 +1351,7 @@ static loff_t cifs_remap_file_range(struct file *src_file, loff_t off,
 			smb_file_src, smb_file_target, off, len, destoff);
 		if (rc == 0 && new_size > i_size_read(target_inode)) {
 			truncate_setsize(target_inode, new_size);
-			netfs_resize_file(&target_cifsi->netfs, new_size);
+			netfs_resize_file(&target_cifsi->netfs, new_size, true);
 			fscache_resize_cookie(cifs_inode_cookie(target_inode),
 					      new_size);
 		}

include/linux/netfs.h

@@ -136,6 +136,8 @@ struct netfs_inode {
 	struct fscache_cookie	*cache;
 #endif
 	loff_t			remote_i_size;	/* Size of the remote file */
+	loff_t			zero_point;	/* Size after which we assume there's no data
+						 * on the server */
 	unsigned long		flags;
 #define NETFS_ICTX_ODIRECT	0		/* The file has DIO in progress */
 #define NETFS_ICTX_UNBUFFERED	1		/* I/O should not use the pagecache */
@@ -453,31 +455,44 @@ static inline struct netfs_inode *netfs_inode(struct inode *inode)
  * netfs_inode_init - Initialise a netfslib inode context
  * @ctx: The netfs inode to initialise
  * @ops: The netfs's operations list
+ * @use_zero_point: True to use the zero_point read optimisation
  *
  * Initialise the netfs library context struct.  This is expected to follow on
  * directly from the VFS inode struct.
  */
 static inline void netfs_inode_init(struct netfs_inode *ctx,
-				    const struct netfs_request_ops *ops)
+				    const struct netfs_request_ops *ops,
+				    bool use_zero_point)
 {
 	ctx->ops = ops;
 	ctx->remote_i_size = i_size_read(&ctx->inode);
+	ctx->zero_point = LLONG_MAX;
 	ctx->flags = 0;
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_FSCACHE)
 	ctx->cache = NULL;
 #endif
+	/* ->releasepage() drives zero_point */
+	if (use_zero_point) {
+		ctx->zero_point = ctx->remote_i_size;
+		mapping_set_release_always(ctx->inode.i_mapping);
+	}
 }
 
 /**
  * netfs_resize_file - Note that a file got resized
  * @ctx: The netfs inode being resized
  * @new_i_size: The new file size
+ * @changed_on_server: The change was applied to the server
  *
  * Inform the netfs lib that a file got resized so that it can adjust its state.
  */
-static inline void netfs_resize_file(struct netfs_inode *ctx, loff_t new_i_size)
+static inline void netfs_resize_file(struct netfs_inode *ctx, loff_t new_i_size,
+				     bool changed_on_server)
 {
-	ctx->remote_i_size = new_i_size;
+	if (changed_on_server)
+		ctx->remote_i_size = new_i_size;
+	if (new_i_size < ctx->zero_point)
+		ctx->zero_point = new_i_size;
 }
 
 /**