linux/drivers/edac/mce_amd_inj.c

/*
 * A simple MCE injection facility for testing different aspects of the RAS
 * code. This driver should be built as module so that it can be loaded
 * on production kernels for testing purposes.
 *
 * This file may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
 * License version 2.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010-14:  Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
 *			Advanced Micro Devices Inc.
 */

#include <linux/kobject.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/mce.h>

#include "mce_amd.h"

/*
 * Collect all the MCi_XXX settings
 */
static struct mce i_mce;
static struct dentry *dfs_inj;

static u8 n_banks;

#define MAX_FLAG_OPT_SIZE	3

enum injection_type {
	SW_INJ = 0,	/* SW injection, simply decode the error */
	HW_INJ,		/* Trigger a #MC */
	N_INJ_TYPES,
};

static const char * const flags_options[] = {
	[SW_INJ] = "sw",
	[HW_INJ] = "hw",
	NULL
};

/* Set default injection to SW_INJ */
static enum injection_type inj_type = SW_INJ;

#define MCE_INJECT_SET(reg)						\
static int inj_##reg##_set(void *data, u64 val)				\
{									\
	struct mce *m = (struct mce *)data;				\
									\
	m->reg = val;							\
	return 0;							\
}

MCE_INJECT_SET(status);
MCE_INJECT_SET(misc);
MCE_INJECT_SET(addr);

#define MCE_INJECT_GET(reg)						\
static int inj_##reg##_get(void *data, u64 *val)			\
{									\
	struct mce *m = (struct mce *)data;				\
									\
	*val = m->reg;							\
	return 0;							\
}

MCE_INJECT_GET(status);
MCE_INJECT_GET(misc);
MCE_INJECT_GET(addr);

DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(status_fops, inj_status_get, inj_status_set, "%llx\n");
DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(misc_fops, inj_misc_get, inj_misc_set, "%llx\n");
DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(addr_fops, inj_addr_get, inj_addr_set, "%llx\n");

/*
 * Caller needs to be make sure this cpu doesn't disappear
 * from under us, i.e.: get_cpu/put_cpu.
 */
static int toggle_hw_mce_inject(unsigned int cpu, bool enable)
{
	u32 l, h;
	int err;

	err = rdmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_K7_HWCR, &l, &h);
	if (err) {
		pr_err("%s: error reading HWCR\n", __func__);
		return err;
	}

	enable ? (l |= BIT(18)) : (l &= ~BIT(18));

	err = wrmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_K7_HWCR, l, h);
	if (err)
		pr_err("%s: error writing HWCR\n", __func__);

	return err;
}

static int __set_inj(const char *buf)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < N_INJ_TYPES; i++) {
		if (!strncmp(flags_options[i], buf, strlen(flags_options[i]))) {
			inj_type = i;
			return 0;
		}
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

static ssize_t flags_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
			  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	char buf[MAX_FLAG_OPT_SIZE];
	int n;

	n = sprintf(buf, "%s\n", flags_options[inj_type]);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, n);
}

static ssize_t flags_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			   size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	char buf[MAX_FLAG_OPT_SIZE], *__buf;
	int err;
	size_t ret;

	if (cnt > MAX_FLAG_OPT_SIZE)
		cnt = MAX_FLAG_OPT_SIZE;

	ret = cnt;

	if (copy_from_user(&buf, ubuf, cnt))
		return -EFAULT;

	buf[cnt - 1] = 0;

	/* strip whitespace */
	__buf = strstrip(buf);

	err = __set_inj(__buf);
	if (err) {
		pr_err("%s: Invalid flags value: %s\n", __func__, __buf);
		return err;
	}

	*ppos += ret;

	return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations flags_fops = {
	.read           = flags_read,
	.write          = flags_write,
	.llseek         = generic_file_llseek,
};

/*
 * On which CPU to inject?
 */
MCE_INJECT_GET(extcpu);

static int inj_extcpu_set(void *data, u64 val)
{
	struct mce *m = (struct mce *)data;

	if (val >= nr_cpu_ids || !cpu_online(val)) {
		pr_err("%s: Invalid CPU: %llu\n", __func__, val);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	m->extcpu = val;
	return 0;
}

DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(extcpu_fops, inj_extcpu_get, inj_extcpu_set, "%llu\n");

static void trigger_mce(void *info)
{
	asm volatile("int $18");
}

static void do_inject(void)
{
	u64 mcg_status = 0;
	unsigned int cpu = i_mce.extcpu;
	u8 b = i_mce.bank;

	if (inj_type == SW_INJ) {
		amd_decode_mce(NULL, 0, &i_mce);
		return;
	}

	get_online_cpus();
	if (!cpu_online(cpu))
		goto err;

	/* prep MCE global settings for the injection */
	mcg_status = MCG_STATUS_MCIP | MCG_STATUS_EIPV;

	if (!(i_mce.status & MCI_STATUS_PCC))
		mcg_status |= MCG_STATUS_RIPV;

	toggle_hw_mce_inject(cpu, true);

	wrmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS,
		     (u32)mcg_status, (u32)(mcg_status >> 32));

	wrmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_MCx_STATUS(b),
		     (u32)i_mce.status, (u32)(i_mce.status >> 32));

	wrmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_MCx_ADDR(b),
		     (u32)i_mce.addr, (u32)(i_mce.addr >> 32));

	wrmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_MCx_MISC(b),
		     (u32)i_mce.misc, (u32)(i_mce.misc >> 32));

	toggle_hw_mce_inject(cpu, false);

	smp_call_function_single(cpu, trigger_mce, NULL, 0);

err:
	put_online_cpus();

}

/*
 * This denotes into which bank we're injecting and triggers
 * the injection, at the same time.
 */
static int inj_bank_set(void *data, u64 val)
{
	struct mce *m = (struct mce *)data;

	if (val >= n_banks) {
		pr_err("Non-existent MCE bank: %llu\n", val);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	m->bank = val;
	do_inject();

	return 0;
}

MCE_INJECT_GET(bank);

DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(bank_fops, inj_bank_get, inj_bank_set, "%llu\n");

static const char readme_msg[] =
	"\nDescription of the files and their usages:\n\n"
	"status:  Set a value to be programmed into MCx_STATUS(bank)\n"
	"\t The status bits provide insight into the type of\n"
	"\t error that caused the MCE.\n\n"
	"misc:	 Set value of MCx_MISC(bank)\n"
	"\t misc register provides auxiliary info about the error. This\n"
	"\t register is typically used for error thresholding purpose and\n"
	"\t validity of the register is indicated by MCx_STATUS[MiscV]\n\n"
	"addr:	 Error address value to be written to MCx_ADDR(bank)\n"
	"\t This register is used to log address information associated\n"
	"\t with the error.\n\n"
	"Note:	 See respective BKDGs for the exact bit definitions of the\n"
	"\t above registers as they mirror the MCi_[STATUS | MISC | ADDR]\n"
	"\t hardware registers.\n\n"
	"bank:	 Specify the bank you want to inject the error into.\n"
	"\t The number of banks in a processor varies and is family/model\n"
	"\t dependent. So, a sanity check performed while writing.\n"
	"\t Writing to this file will trigger a #MC or APIC interrupts or\n"
	"\t invoke the error decoder routines for AMD processors. The value\n"
	"\t in 'flags' file decides which of above actions is triggered.\n\n"
	"flags:	 Write to this file to speficy the error injection policy.\n"
	"\t Allowed values:\n"
	"\t\t\"sw\"  -	SW error injection, Only calls error decoder\n"
	"\t\t\troutines to print error info in human readable format\n"
	"\t\t\"hw\"  -	HW error injection, Forces a #MC,\n"
	"\t\t\tcauses exception handler to handle the error\n"
	"\t\t\tif UC or poll handler catches it if CE\n"
	"\t\t\tWarning: Might cause system panic if MCx_STATUS[PCC]\n"
	"\t\t\tis set. For debug purposes, consider setting\n"
	"\t\t\t/<debugfs_mountpoint>/mce/fake_panic\n"
	"cpu:	 The cpu to inject the error on.\n\n";

static ssize_t
inj_readme_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos,
					readme_msg, strlen(readme_msg));
}

static const struct file_operations readme_fops = {
	.read		= inj_readme_read,
};

static struct dfs_node {
	char *name;
	struct dentry *d;
	const struct file_operations *fops;
	umode_t perm;
} dfs_fls[] = {
	{ .name = "status",	.fops = &status_fops, .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "misc",	.fops = &misc_fops,   .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "addr",	.fops = &addr_fops,   .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "bank",	.fops = &bank_fops,   .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "flags",	.fops = &flags_fops,  .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "cpu",	.fops = &extcpu_fops, .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR },
	{ .name = "README",	.fops = &readme_fops, .perm = S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH },
};

static int __init init_mce_inject(void)
{
	int i;
	u64 cap;

	rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP, cap);
	n_banks = cap & MCG_BANKCNT_MASK;

	dfs_inj = debugfs_create_dir("mce-inject", NULL);
	if (!dfs_inj)
		return -EINVAL;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(dfs_fls); i++) {
		dfs_fls[i].d = debugfs_create_file(dfs_fls[i].name,
						    dfs_fls[i].perm,
						    dfs_inj,
						    &i_mce,
						    dfs_fls[i].fops);

		if (!dfs_fls[i].d)
			goto err_dfs_add;
	}

	return 0;

err_dfs_add:
	while (--i >= 0)
		debugfs_remove(dfs_fls[i].d);

	debugfs_remove(dfs_inj);
	dfs_inj = NULL;

	return -ENOMEM;
}

static void __exit exit_mce_inject(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(dfs_fls); i++)
		debugfs_remove(dfs_fls[i].d);

	memset(&dfs_fls, 0, sizeof(dfs_fls));

	debugfs_remove(dfs_inj);
	dfs_inj = NULL;
}
module_init(init_mce_inject);
module_exit(exit_mce_inject);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>");
MODULE_AUTHOR("AMD Inc.");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MCE injection facility for RAS testing");