linux/fs/afs/dir.c

/* dir.c: AFS filesystem directory handling
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include "internal.h"

static struct dentry *afs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
				 unsigned int flags);
static int afs_dir_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
static int afs_readdir(struct file *file, void *dirent, filldir_t filldir);
static int afs_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags);
static int afs_d_delete(const struct dentry *dentry);
static void afs_d_release(struct dentry *dentry);
static int afs_lookup_filldir(void *_cookie, const char *name, int nlen,
				  loff_t fpos, u64 ino, unsigned dtype);
static int afs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
		      bool excl);
static int afs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode);
static int afs_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry);
static int afs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry);
static int afs_link(struct dentry *from, struct inode *dir,
		    struct dentry *dentry);
static int afs_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
		       const char *content);
static int afs_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
		      struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry);

const struct file_operations afs_dir_file_operations = {
	.open		= afs_dir_open,
	.release	= afs_release,
	.readdir	= afs_readdir,
	.lock		= afs_lock,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
};

const struct inode_operations afs_dir_inode_operations = {
	.create		= afs_create,
	.lookup		= afs_lookup,
	.link		= afs_link,
	.unlink		= afs_unlink,
	.symlink	= afs_symlink,
	.mkdir		= afs_mkdir,
	.rmdir		= afs_rmdir,
	.rename		= afs_rename,
	.permission	= afs_permission,
	.getattr	= afs_getattr,
	.setattr	= afs_setattr,
};

const struct dentry_operations afs_fs_dentry_operations = {
	.d_revalidate	= afs_d_revalidate,
	.d_delete	= afs_d_delete,
	.d_release	= afs_d_release,
	.d_automount	= afs_d_automount,
};

#define AFS_DIR_HASHTBL_SIZE	128
#define AFS_DIR_DIRENT_SIZE	32
#define AFS_DIRENT_PER_BLOCK	64

union afs_dirent {
	struct {
		uint8_t		valid;
		uint8_t		unused[1];
		__be16		hash_next;
		__be32		vnode;
		__be32		unique;
		uint8_t		name[16];
		uint8_t		overflow[4];	/* if any char of the name (inc
						 * NUL) reaches here, consume
						 * the next dirent too */
	} u;
	uint8_t	extended_name[32];
};

/* AFS directory page header (one at the beginning of every 2048-byte chunk) */
struct afs_dir_pagehdr {
	__be16		npages;
	__be16		magic;
#define AFS_DIR_MAGIC htons(1234)
	uint8_t		nentries;
	uint8_t		bitmap[8];
	uint8_t		pad[19];
};

/* directory block layout */
union afs_dir_block {

	struct afs_dir_pagehdr pagehdr;

	struct {
		struct afs_dir_pagehdr	pagehdr;
		uint8_t			alloc_ctrs[128];
		/* dir hash table */
		uint16_t		hashtable[AFS_DIR_HASHTBL_SIZE];
	} hdr;

	union afs_dirent dirents[AFS_DIRENT_PER_BLOCK];
};

/* layout on a linux VM page */
struct afs_dir_page {
	union afs_dir_block blocks[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(union afs_dir_block)];
};

struct afs_lookup_cookie {
	struct afs_fid	fid;
	const char	*name;
	size_t		nlen;
	int		found;
};

/*
 * check that a directory page is valid
 */
static inline void afs_dir_check_page(struct inode *dir, struct page *page)
{
	struct afs_dir_page *dbuf;
	loff_t latter;
	int tmp, qty;

#if 0
	/* check the page count */
	qty = desc.size / sizeof(dbuf->blocks[0]);
	if (qty == 0)
		goto error;

	if (page->index == 0 && qty != ntohs(dbuf->blocks[0].pagehdr.npages)) {
		printk("kAFS: %s(%lu): wrong number of dir blocks %d!=%hu\n",
		       __func__, dir->i_ino, qty,
		       ntohs(dbuf->blocks[0].pagehdr.npages));
		goto error;
	}
#endif

	/* determine how many magic numbers there should be in this page */
	latter = dir->i_size - page_offset(page);
	if (latter >= PAGE_SIZE)
		qty = PAGE_SIZE;
	else
		qty = latter;
	qty /= sizeof(union afs_dir_block);

	/* check them */
	dbuf = page_address(page);
	for (tmp = 0; tmp < qty; tmp++) {
		if (dbuf->blocks[tmp].pagehdr.magic != AFS_DIR_MAGIC) {
			printk("kAFS: %s(%lu): bad magic %d/%d is %04hx\n",
			       __func__, dir->i_ino, tmp, qty,
			       ntohs(dbuf->blocks[tmp].pagehdr.magic));
			goto error;
		}
	}

	SetPageChecked(page);
	return;

error:
	SetPageChecked(page);
	SetPageError(page);
}

/*
 * discard a page cached in the pagecache
 */
static inline void afs_dir_put_page(struct page *page)
{
	kunmap(page);
	page_cache_release(page);
}

/*
 * get a page into the pagecache
 */
static struct page *afs_dir_get_page(struct inode *dir, unsigned long index,
				     struct key *key)
{
	struct page *page;
	_enter("{%lu},%lu", dir->i_ino, index);

	page = read_cache_page(dir->i_mapping, index, afs_page_filler, key);
	if (!IS_ERR(page)) {
		kmap(page);
		if (!PageChecked(page))
			afs_dir_check_page(dir, page);
		if (PageError(page))
			goto fail;
	}
	return page;

fail:
	afs_dir_put_page(page);
	_leave(" = -EIO");
	return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
}

/*
 * open an AFS directory file
 */
static int afs_dir_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	_enter("{%lu}", inode->i_ino);

	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(union afs_dir_block) != 2048);
	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(union afs_dirent) != 32);

	if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &AFS_FS_I(inode)->flags))
		return -ENOENT;

	return afs_open(inode, file);
}

/*
 * deal with one block in an AFS directory
 */
static int afs_dir_iterate_block(unsigned *fpos,
				 union afs_dir_block *block,
				 unsigned blkoff,
				 void *cookie,
				 filldir_t filldir)
{
	union afs_dirent *dire;
	unsigned offset, next, curr;
	size_t nlen;
	int tmp, ret;

	_enter("%u,%x,%p,,",*fpos,blkoff,block);

	curr = (*fpos - blkoff) / sizeof(union afs_dirent);

	/* walk through the block, an entry at a time */
	for (offset = AFS_DIRENT_PER_BLOCK - block->pagehdr.nentries;
	     offset < AFS_DIRENT_PER_BLOCK;
	     offset = next
	     ) {
		next = offset + 1;

		/* skip entries marked unused in the bitmap */
		if (!(block->pagehdr.bitmap[offset / 8] &
		      (1 << (offset % 8)))) {
			_debug("ENT[%Zu.%u]: unused",
			       blkoff / sizeof(union afs_dir_block), offset);
			if (offset >= curr)
				*fpos = blkoff +
					next * sizeof(union afs_dirent);
			continue;
		}

		/* got a valid entry */
		dire = &block->dirents[offset];
		nlen = strnlen(dire->u.name,
			       sizeof(*block) -
			       offset * sizeof(union afs_dirent));

		_debug("ENT[%Zu.%u]: %s %Zu \"%s\"",
		       blkoff / sizeof(union afs_dir_block), offset,
		       (offset < curr ? "skip" : "fill"),
		       nlen, dire->u.name);

		/* work out where the next possible entry is */
		for (tmp = nlen; tmp > 15; tmp -= sizeof(union afs_dirent)) {
			if (next >= AFS_DIRENT_PER_BLOCK) {
				_debug("ENT[%Zu.%u]:"
				       " %u travelled beyond end dir block"
				       " (len %u/%Zu)",
				       blkoff / sizeof(union afs_dir_block),
				       offset, next, tmp, nlen);
				return -EIO;
			}
			if (!(block->pagehdr.bitmap[next / 8] &
			      (1 << (next % 8)))) {
				_debug("ENT[%Zu.%u]:"
				       " %u unmarked extension (len %u/%Zu)",
				       blkoff / sizeof(union afs_dir_block),
				       offset, next, tmp, nlen);
				return -EIO;
			}

			_debug("ENT[%Zu.%u]: ext %u/%Zu",
			       blkoff / sizeof(union afs_dir_block),
			       next, tmp, nlen);
			next++;
		}

		/* skip if starts before the current position */
		if (offset < curr)
			continue;

		/* found the next entry */
		ret = filldir(cookie,
			      dire->u.name,
			      nlen,
			      blkoff + offset * sizeof(union afs_dirent),
			      ntohl(dire->u.vnode),
			      filldir == afs_lookup_filldir ?
			      ntohl(dire->u.unique) : DT_UNKNOWN);
		if (ret < 0) {
			_leave(" = 0 [full]");
			return 0;
		}

		*fpos = blkoff + next * sizeof(union afs_dirent);
	}

	_leave(" = 1 [more]");
	return 1;
}

/*
 * iterate through the data blob that lists the contents of an AFS directory
 */
static int afs_dir_iterate(struct inode *dir, unsigned *fpos, void *cookie,
			   filldir_t filldir, struct key *key)
{
	union afs_dir_block *dblock;
	struct afs_dir_page *dbuf;
	struct page *page;
	unsigned blkoff, limit;
	int ret;

	_enter("{%lu},%u,,", dir->i_ino, *fpos);

	if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &AFS_FS_I(dir)->flags)) {
		_leave(" = -ESTALE");
		return -ESTALE;
	}

	/* round the file position up to the next entry boundary */
	*fpos += sizeof(union afs_dirent) - 1;
	*fpos &= ~(sizeof(union afs_dirent) - 1);

	/* walk through the blocks in sequence */
	ret = 0;
	while (*fpos < dir->i_size) {
		blkoff = *fpos & ~(sizeof(union afs_dir_block) - 1);

		/* fetch the appropriate page from the directory */
		page = afs_dir_get_page(dir, blkoff / PAGE_SIZE, key);
		if (IS_ERR(page)) {
			ret = PTR_ERR(page);
			break;
		}

		limit = blkoff & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);

		dbuf = page_address(page);

		/* deal with the individual blocks stashed on this page */
		do {
			dblock = &dbuf->blocks[(blkoff % PAGE_SIZE) /
					       sizeof(union afs_dir_block)];
			ret = afs_dir_iterate_block(fpos, dblock, blkoff,
						    cookie, filldir);
			if (ret != 1) {
				afs_dir_put_page(page);
				goto out;
			}

			blkoff += sizeof(union afs_dir_block);

		} while (*fpos < dir->i_size && blkoff < limit);

		afs_dir_put_page(page);
		ret = 0;
	}

out:
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * read an AFS directory
 */
static int afs_readdir(struct file *file, void *cookie, filldir_t filldir)
{
	unsigned fpos;
	int ret;

	_enter("{%Ld,{%lu}}",
	       file->f_pos, file_inode(file)->i_ino);

	ASSERT(file->private_data != NULL);

	fpos = file->f_pos;
	ret = afs_dir_iterate(file_inode(file), &fpos,
			      cookie, filldir, file->private_data);
	file->f_pos = fpos;

	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * search the directory for a name
 * - if afs_dir_iterate_block() spots this function, it'll pass the FID
 *   uniquifier through dtype
 */
static int afs_lookup_filldir(void *_cookie, const char *name, int nlen,
			      loff_t fpos, u64 ino, unsigned dtype)
{
	struct afs_lookup_cookie *cookie = _cookie;

	_enter("{%s,%Zu},%s,%u,,%llu,%u",
	       cookie->name, cookie->nlen, name, nlen,
	       (unsigned long long) ino, dtype);

	/* insanity checks first */
	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(union afs_dir_block) != 2048);
	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(union afs_dirent) != 32);

	if (cookie->nlen != nlen || memcmp(cookie->name, name, nlen) != 0) {
		_leave(" = 0 [no]");
		return 0;
	}

	cookie->fid.vnode = ino;
	cookie->fid.unique = dtype;
	cookie->found = 1;

	_leave(" = -1 [found]");
	return -1;
}

/*
 * do a lookup in a directory
 * - just returns the FID the dentry name maps to if found
 */
static int afs_do_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
			 struct afs_fid *fid, struct key *key)
{
	struct afs_lookup_cookie cookie;
	struct afs_super_info *as;
	unsigned fpos;
	int ret;

	_enter("{%lu},%p{%s},", dir->i_ino, dentry, dentry->d_name.name);

	as = dir->i_sb->s_fs_info;

	/* search the directory */
	cookie.name	= dentry->d_name.name;
	cookie.nlen	= dentry->d_name.len;
	cookie.fid.vid	= as->volume->vid;
	cookie.found	= 0;

	fpos = 0;
	ret = afs_dir_iterate(dir, &fpos, &cookie, afs_lookup_filldir,
			      key);
	if (ret < 0) {
		_leave(" = %d [iter]", ret);
		return ret;
	}

	ret = -ENOENT;
	if (!cookie.found) {
		_leave(" = -ENOENT [not found]");
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	*fid = cookie.fid;
	_leave(" = 0 { vn=%u u=%u }", fid->vnode, fid->unique);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Try to auto mount the mountpoint with pseudo directory, if the autocell
 * operation is setted.
 */
static struct inode *afs_try_auto_mntpt(
	int ret, struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *dir, struct key *key,
	struct afs_fid *fid)
{
	const char *devname = dentry->d_name.name;
	struct afs_vnode *vnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);
	struct inode *inode;

	_enter("%d, %p{%s}, {%x:%u}, %p",
	       ret, dentry, devname, vnode->fid.vid, vnode->fid.vnode, key);

	if (ret != -ENOENT ||
	    !test_bit(AFS_VNODE_AUTOCELL, &vnode->flags))
		goto out;

	inode = afs_iget_autocell(dir, devname, strlen(devname), key);
	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
		goto out;
	}

	*fid = AFS_FS_I(inode)->fid;
	_leave("= %p", inode);
	return inode;

out:
	_leave("= %d", ret);
	return ERR_PTR(ret);
}

/*
 * look up an entry in a directory
 */
static struct dentry *afs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
				 unsigned int flags)
{
	struct afs_vnode *vnode;
	struct afs_fid fid;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	vnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},%p{%s},",
	       vnode->fid.vid, vnode->fid.vnode, dentry, dentry->d_name.name);

	ASSERTCMP(dentry->d_inode, ==, NULL);

	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX) {
		_leave(" = -ENAMETOOLONG");
		return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
	}

	if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &vnode->flags)) {
		_leave(" = -ESTALE");
		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
	}

	key = afs_request_key(vnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		_leave(" = %ld [key]", PTR_ERR(key));
		return ERR_CAST(key);
	}

	ret = afs_validate(vnode, key);
	if (ret < 0) {
		key_put(key);
		_leave(" = %d [val]", ret);
		return ERR_PTR(ret);
	}

	ret = afs_do_lookup(dir, dentry, &fid, key);
	if (ret < 0) {
		inode = afs_try_auto_mntpt(ret, dentry, dir, key, &fid);
		if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
			key_put(key);
			goto success;
		}

		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
		key_put(key);
		if (ret == -ENOENT) {
			d_add(dentry, NULL);
			_leave(" = NULL [negative]");
			return NULL;
		}
		_leave(" = %d [do]", ret);
		return ERR_PTR(ret);
	}
	dentry->d_fsdata = (void *)(unsigned long) vnode->status.data_version;

	/* instantiate the dentry */
	inode = afs_iget(dir->i_sb, key, &fid, NULL, NULL);
	key_put(key);
	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
		_leave(" = %ld", PTR_ERR(inode));
		return ERR_CAST(inode);
	}

success:
	d_add(dentry, inode);
	_leave(" = 0 { vn=%u u=%u } -> { ino=%lu v=%u }",
	       fid.vnode,
	       fid.unique,
	       dentry->d_inode->i_ino,
	       dentry->d_inode->i_generation);

	return NULL;
}

/*
 * check that a dentry lookup hit has found a valid entry
 * - NOTE! the hit can be a negative hit too, so we can't assume we have an
 *   inode
 */
static int afs_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct afs_vnode *vnode, *dir;
	struct afs_fid uninitialized_var(fid);
	struct dentry *parent;
	struct key *key;
	void *dir_version;
	int ret;

	if (flags & LOOKUP_RCU)
		return -ECHILD;

	vnode = AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode);

	if (dentry->d_inode)
		_enter("{v={%x:%u} n=%s fl=%lx},",
		       vnode->fid.vid, vnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name,
		       vnode->flags);
	else
		_enter("{neg n=%s}", dentry->d_name.name);

	key = afs_request_key(AFS_FS_S(dentry->d_sb)->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key))
		key = NULL;

	/* lock down the parent dentry so we can peer at it */
	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
	if (!parent->d_inode)
		goto out_bad;

	dir = AFS_FS_I(parent->d_inode);

	/* validate the parent directory */
	if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_MODIFIED, &dir->flags))
		afs_validate(dir, key);

	if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &dir->flags)) {
		_debug("%s: parent dir deleted", dentry->d_name.name);
		goto out_bad;
	}

	dir_version = (void *) (unsigned long) dir->status.data_version;
	if (dentry->d_fsdata == dir_version)
		goto out_valid; /* the dir contents are unchanged */

	_debug("dir modified");

	/* search the directory for this vnode */
	ret = afs_do_lookup(&dir->vfs_inode, dentry, &fid, key);
	switch (ret) {
	case 0:
		/* the filename maps to something */
		if (!dentry->d_inode)
			goto out_bad;
		if (is_bad_inode(dentry->d_inode)) {
			printk("kAFS: afs_d_revalidate: %s/%s has bad inode\n",
			       parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name);
			goto out_bad;
		}

		/* if the vnode ID has changed, then the dirent points to a
		 * different file */
		if (fid.vnode != vnode->fid.vnode) {
			_debug("%s: dirent changed [%u != %u]",
			       dentry->d_name.name, fid.vnode,
			       vnode->fid.vnode);
			goto not_found;
		}

		/* if the vnode ID uniqifier has changed, then the file has
		 * been deleted and replaced, and the original vnode ID has
		 * been reused */
		if (fid.unique != vnode->fid.unique) {
			_debug("%s: file deleted (uq %u -> %u I:%u)",
			       dentry->d_name.name, fid.unique,
			       vnode->fid.unique,
			       dentry->d_inode->i_generation);
			spin_lock(&vnode->lock);
			set_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &vnode->flags);
			spin_unlock(&vnode->lock);
			goto not_found;
		}
		goto out_valid;

	case -ENOENT:
		/* the filename is unknown */
		_debug("%s: dirent not found", dentry->d_name.name);
		if (dentry->d_inode)
			goto not_found;
		goto out_valid;

	default:
		_debug("failed to iterate dir %s: %d",
		       parent->d_name.name, ret);
		goto out_bad;
	}

out_valid:
	dentry->d_fsdata = dir_version;
out_skip:
	dput(parent);
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 1 [valid]");
	return 1;

	/* the dirent, if it exists, now points to a different vnode */
not_found:
	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED;
	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);

out_bad:
	if (dentry->d_inode) {
		/* don't unhash if we have submounts */
		if (have_submounts(dentry))
			goto out_skip;
	}

	_debug("dropping dentry %s/%s",
	       parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name);
	shrink_dcache_parent(dentry);
	d_drop(dentry);
	dput(parent);
	key_put(key);

	_leave(" = 0 [bad]");
	return 0;
}

/*
 * allow the VFS to enquire as to whether a dentry should be unhashed (mustn't
 * sleep)
 * - called from dput() when d_count is going to 0.
 * - return 1 to request dentry be unhashed, 0 otherwise
 */
static int afs_d_delete(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
	_enter("%s", dentry->d_name.name);

	if (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED)
		goto zap;

	if (dentry->d_inode &&
	    (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED,   &AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode)->flags) ||
	     test_bit(AFS_VNODE_PSEUDODIR, &AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode)->flags)))
		goto zap;

	_leave(" = 0 [keep]");
	return 0;

zap:
	_leave(" = 1 [zap]");
	return 1;
}

/*
 * handle dentry release
 */
static void afs_d_release(struct dentry *dentry)
{
	_enter("%s", dentry->d_name.name);
}

/*
 * create a directory on an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
{
	struct afs_file_status status;
	struct afs_callback cb;
	struct afs_server *server;
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct afs_fid fid;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%s},%ho",
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name, mode);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	mode |= S_IFDIR;
	ret = afs_vnode_create(dvnode, key, dentry->d_name.name,
			       mode, &fid, &status, &cb, &server);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto mkdir_error;

	inode = afs_iget(dir->i_sb, key, &fid, &status, &cb);
	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
		/* ENOMEM at a really inconvenient time - just abandon the new
		 * directory on the server */
		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
		goto iget_error;
	}

	/* apply the status report we've got for the new vnode */
	vnode = AFS_FS_I(inode);
	spin_lock(&vnode->lock);
	vnode->update_cnt++;
	spin_unlock(&vnode->lock);
	afs_vnode_finalise_status_update(vnode, server);
	afs_put_server(server);

	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
	if (d_unhashed(dentry)) {
		_debug("not hashed");
		d_rehash(dentry);
	}
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

iget_error:
	afs_put_server(server);
mkdir_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	d_drop(dentry);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * remove a directory from an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
{
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%s}",
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	ret = afs_vnode_remove(dvnode, key, dentry->d_name.name, true);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto rmdir_error;

	if (dentry->d_inode) {
		vnode = AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode);
		clear_nlink(&vnode->vfs_inode);
		set_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &vnode->flags);
		afs_discard_callback_on_delete(vnode);
	}

	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

rmdir_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * remove a file from an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
{
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%s}",
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	if (dentry->d_inode) {
		vnode = AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode);

		/* make sure we have a callback promise on the victim */
		ret = afs_validate(vnode, key);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto error;
	}

	ret = afs_vnode_remove(dvnode, key, dentry->d_name.name, false);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto remove_error;

	if (dentry->d_inode) {
		/* if the file wasn't deleted due to excess hard links, the
		 * fileserver will break the callback promise on the file - if
		 * it had one - before it returns to us, and if it was deleted,
		 * it won't
		 *
		 * however, if we didn't have a callback promise outstanding,
		 * or it was outstanding on a different server, then it won't
		 * break it either...
		 */
		vnode = AFS_FS_I(dentry->d_inode);
		if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_DELETED, &vnode->flags))
			_debug("AFS_VNODE_DELETED");
		if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_CB_BROKEN, &vnode->flags))
			_debug("AFS_VNODE_CB_BROKEN");
		set_bit(AFS_VNODE_CB_BROKEN, &vnode->flags);
		ret = afs_validate(vnode, key);
		_debug("nlink %d [val %d]", vnode->vfs_inode.i_nlink, ret);
	}

	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

remove_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * create a regular file on an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
		      bool excl)
{
	struct afs_file_status status;
	struct afs_callback cb;
	struct afs_server *server;
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct afs_fid fid;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%s},%ho,",
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name, mode);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	mode |= S_IFREG;
	ret = afs_vnode_create(dvnode, key, dentry->d_name.name,
			       mode, &fid, &status, &cb, &server);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto create_error;

	inode = afs_iget(dir->i_sb, key, &fid, &status, &cb);
	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
		/* ENOMEM at a really inconvenient time - just abandon the new
		 * directory on the server */
		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
		goto iget_error;
	}

	/* apply the status report we've got for the new vnode */
	vnode = AFS_FS_I(inode);
	spin_lock(&vnode->lock);
	vnode->update_cnt++;
	spin_unlock(&vnode->lock);
	afs_vnode_finalise_status_update(vnode, server);
	afs_put_server(server);

	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
	if (d_unhashed(dentry)) {
		_debug("not hashed");
		d_rehash(dentry);
	}
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

iget_error:
	afs_put_server(server);
create_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	d_drop(dentry);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * create a hard link between files in an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_link(struct dentry *from, struct inode *dir,
		    struct dentry *dentry)
{
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	vnode = AFS_FS_I(from->d_inode);
	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%x:%u},{%s}",
	       vnode->fid.vid, vnode->fid.vnode,
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode,
	       dentry->d_name.name);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	ret = afs_vnode_link(dvnode, vnode, key, dentry->d_name.name);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto link_error;

	ihold(&vnode->vfs_inode);
	d_instantiate(dentry, &vnode->vfs_inode);
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

link_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	d_drop(dentry);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * create a symlink in an AFS filesystem
 */
static int afs_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
		       const char *content)
{
	struct afs_file_status status;
	struct afs_server *server;
	struct afs_vnode *dvnode, *vnode;
	struct afs_fid fid;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	dvnode = AFS_FS_I(dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%s},%s",
	       dvnode->fid.vid, dvnode->fid.vnode, dentry->d_name.name,
	       content);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	ret = -EINVAL;
	if (strlen(content) >= AFSPATHMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	ret = afs_vnode_symlink(dvnode, key, dentry->d_name.name, content,
				&fid, &status, &server);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto create_error;

	inode = afs_iget(dir->i_sb, key, &fid, &status, NULL);
	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
		/* ENOMEM at a really inconvenient time - just abandon the new
		 * directory on the server */
		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
		goto iget_error;
	}

	/* apply the status report we've got for the new vnode */
	vnode = AFS_FS_I(inode);
	spin_lock(&vnode->lock);
	vnode->update_cnt++;
	spin_unlock(&vnode->lock);
	afs_vnode_finalise_status_update(vnode, server);
	afs_put_server(server);

	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
	if (d_unhashed(dentry)) {
		_debug("not hashed");
		d_rehash(dentry);
	}
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

iget_error:
	afs_put_server(server);
create_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	d_drop(dentry);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * rename a file in an AFS filesystem and/or move it between directories
 */
static int afs_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
		      struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
{
	struct afs_vnode *orig_dvnode, *new_dvnode, *vnode;
	struct key *key;
	int ret;

	vnode = AFS_FS_I(old_dentry->d_inode);
	orig_dvnode = AFS_FS_I(old_dir);
	new_dvnode = AFS_FS_I(new_dir);

	_enter("{%x:%u},{%x:%u},{%x:%u},{%s}",
	       orig_dvnode->fid.vid, orig_dvnode->fid.vnode,
	       vnode->fid.vid, vnode->fid.vnode,
	       new_dvnode->fid.vid, new_dvnode->fid.vnode,
	       new_dentry->d_name.name);

	ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
	if (new_dentry->d_name.len >= AFSNAMEMAX)
		goto error;

	key = afs_request_key(orig_dvnode->volume->cell);
	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
		goto error;
	}

	ret = afs_vnode_rename(orig_dvnode, new_dvnode, key,
			       old_dentry->d_name.name,
			       new_dentry->d_name.name);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto rename_error;
	key_put(key);
	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

rename_error:
	key_put(key);
error:
	d_drop(new_dentry);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}