License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 14:07:57 +00:00
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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#
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# Makefile for Red Hat Linux AFS client.
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#
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2018-06-05 09:54:24 +00:00
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kafs-y := \
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2017-11-02 15:27:50 +00:00
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addr_list.o \
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2023-10-27 10:42:57 +00:00
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addr_prefs.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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callback.o \
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cell.o \
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cmservice.o \
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dir.o \
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2018-04-06 13:17:25 +00:00
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dir_edit.o \
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2019-04-25 13:26:51 +00:00
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dir_silly.o \
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2018-04-06 13:17:25 +00:00
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dynroot.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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file.o \
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2007-07-16 06:40:12 +00:00
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flock.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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fsclient.o \
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afs: Build an abstraction around an "operation" concept
Turn the afs_operation struct into the main way that most fileserver
operations are managed. Various things are added to the struct, including
the following:
(1) All the parameters and results of the relevant operations are moved
into it, removing corresponding fields from the afs_call struct.
afs_call gets a pointer to the op.
(2) The target volume is made the main focus of the operation, rather than
the target vnode(s), and a bunch of op->vnode->volume are made
op->volume instead.
(3) Two vnode records are defined (op->file[]) for the vnode(s) involved
in most operations. The vnode record (struct afs_vnode_param)
contains:
- The vnode pointer.
- The fid of the vnode to be included in the parameters or that was
returned in the reply (eg. FS.MakeDir).
- The status and callback information that may be returned in the
reply about the vnode.
- Callback break and data version tracking for detecting
simultaneous third-parth changes.
(4) Pointers to dentries to be updated with new inodes.
(5) An operations table pointer. The table includes pointers to functions
for issuing AFS and YFS-variant RPCs, handling the success and abort
of an operation and handling post-I/O-lock local editing of a
directory.
To make this work, the following function restructuring is made:
(A) The rotation loop that issues calls to fileservers that can be found
in each function that wants to issue an RPC (such as afs_mkdir()) is
extracted out into common code, in a new file called fs_operation.c.
(B) The rotation loops, such as the one in afs_mkdir(), are replaced with
a much smaller piece of code that allocates an operation, sets the
parameters and then calls out to the common code to do the actual
work.
(C) The code for handling the success and failure of an operation are
moved into operation functions (as (5) above) and these are called
from the core code at appropriate times.
(D) The pseudo inode getting stuff used by the dynamic root code is moved
over into dynroot.c.
(E) struct afs_iget_data is absorbed into the operation struct and
afs_iget() expects to be given an op pointer and a vnode record.
(F) Point (E) doesn't work for the root dir of a volume, but we know the
FID in advance (it's always vnode 1, unique 1), so a separate inode
getter, afs_root_iget(), is provided to special-case that.
(G) The inode status init/update functions now also take an op and a vnode
record.
(H) The RPC marshalling functions now, for the most part, just take an
afs_operation struct as their only argument. All the data they need
is held there. The result delivery functions write their answers
there as well.
(I) The call is attached to the operation and then the operation core does
the waiting.
And then the new operation code is, for the moment, made to just initialise
the operation, get the appropriate vnode I/O locks and do the same rotation
loop as before.
This lays the foundation for the following changes in the future:
(*) Overhauling the rotation (again).
(*) Support for asynchronous I/O, where the fileserver rotation must be
done asynchronously also.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2020-04-10 19:51:51 +00:00
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fs_operation.o \
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2018-10-19 23:57:59 +00:00
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fs_probe.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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inode.o \
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main.o \
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misc.o \
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mntpt.o \
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2017-11-02 15:27:50 +00:00
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rotate.o \
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2007-04-26 22:55:03 +00:00
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rxrpc.o \
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2007-04-26 22:57:07 +00:00
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security.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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server.o \
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afs: Overhaul volume and server record caching and fileserver rotation
The current code assumes that volumes and servers are per-cell and are
never shared, but this is not enforced, and, indeed, public cells do exist
that are aliases of each other. Further, an organisation can, say, set up
a public cell and a private cell with overlapping, but not identical, sets
of servers. The difference is purely in the database attached to the VL
servers.
The current code will malfunction if it sees a server in two cells as it
assumes global address -> server record mappings and that each server is in
just one cell.
Further, each server may have multiple addresses - and may have addresses
of different families (IPv4 and IPv6, say).
To this end, the following structural changes are made:
(1) Server record management is overhauled:
(a) Server records are made independent of cell. The namespace keeps
track of them, volume records have lists of them and each vnode
has a server on which its callback interest currently resides.
(b) The cell record no longer keeps a list of servers known to be in
that cell.
(c) The server records are now kept in a flat list because there's no
single address to sort on.
(d) Server records are now keyed by their UUID within the namespace.
(e) The addresses for a server are obtained with the VL.GetAddrsU
rather than with VL.GetEntryByName, using the server's UUID as a
parameter.
(f) Cached server records are garbage collected after a period of
non-use and are counted out of existence before purging is allowed
to complete. This protects the work functions against rmmod.
(g) The servers list is now in /proc/fs/afs/servers.
(2) Volume record management is overhauled:
(a) An RCU-replaceable server list is introduced. This tracks both
servers and their coresponding callback interests.
(b) The superblock is now keyed on cell record and numeric volume ID.
(c) The volume record is now tied to the superblock which mounts it,
and is activated when mounted and deactivated when unmounted.
This makes it easier to handle the cache cookie without causing a
double-use in fscache.
(d) The volume record is loaded from the VLDB using VL.GetEntryByNameU
to get the server UUID list.
(e) The volume name is updated if it is seen to have changed when the
volume is updated (the update is keyed on the volume ID).
(3) The vlocation record is got rid of and VLDB records are no longer
cached. Sufficient information is stored in the volume record, though
an update to a volume record is now no longer shared between related
volumes (volumes come in bundles of three: R/W, R/O and backup).
and the following procedural changes are made:
(1) The fileserver cursor introduced previously is now fleshed out and
used to iterate over fileservers and their addresses.
(2) Volume status is checked during iteration, and the server list is
replaced if a change is detected.
(3) Server status is checked during iteration, and the address list is
replaced if a change is detected.
(4) The abort code is saved into the address list cursor and -ECONNABORTED
returned in afs_make_call() if a remote abort happened rather than
translating the abort into an error message. This allows actions to
be taken depending on the abort code more easily.
(a) If a VMOVED abort is seen then this is handled by rechecking the
volume and restarting the iteration.
(b) If a VBUSY, VRESTARTING or VSALVAGING abort is seen then this is
handled by sleeping for a short period and retrying and/or trying
other servers that might serve that volume. A message is also
displayed once until the condition has cleared.
(c) If a VOFFLINE abort is seen, then this is handled as VBUSY for the
moment.
(d) If a VNOVOL abort is seen, the volume is rechecked in the VLDB to
see if it has been deleted; if not, the fileserver is probably
indicating that the volume couldn't be attached and needs
salvaging.
(e) If statfs() sees one of these aborts, it does not sleep, but
rather returns an error, so as not to block the umount program.
(5) The fileserver iteration functions in vnode.c are now merged into
their callers and more heavily macroised around the cursor. vnode.c
is removed.
(6) Operations on a particular vnode are serialised on that vnode because
the server will lock that vnode whilst it operates on it, so a second
op sent will just have to wait.
(7) Fileservers are probed with FS.GetCapabilities before being used.
This is where service upgrade will be done.
(8) A callback interest on a fileserver is set up before an FS operation
is performed and passed through to afs_make_call() so that it can be
set on the vnode if the operation returns a callback. The callback
interest is passed through to afs_iget() also so that it can be set
there too.
In general, record updating is done on an as-needed basis when we try to
access servers, volumes or vnodes rather than offloading it to work items
and special threads.
Notes:
(1) Pre AFS-3.4 servers are no longer supported, though this can be added
back if necessary (AFS-3.4 was released in 1998).
(2) VBUSY is retried forever for the moment at intervals of 1s.
(3) /proc/fs/afs/<cell>/servers no longer exists.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2017-11-02 15:27:50 +00:00
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server_list.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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super.o \
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2023-11-07 09:47:52 +00:00
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validation.o \
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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vlclient.o \
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afs: Detect cell aliases 1 - Cells with root volumes
Put in the first phase of cell alias detection. This part handles alias
detection for cells that have root.cell volumes (which is expected to be
likely).
When a cell becomes newly active, it is probed for its root.cell volume,
and if it has one, this volume is compared against other root.cell volumes
to find out if the list of fileserver UUIDs have any in common - and if
that's the case, do the address lists of those fileservers have any
addresses in common. If they do, the new cell is adjudged to be an alias
of the old cell and the old cell is used instead.
Comparing is aided by the server list in struct afs_server_list being
sorted in UUID order and the addresses in the fileserver address lists
being sorted in address order.
The cell then retains the afs_volume object for the root.cell volume, even
if it's not mounted for future alias checking.
This necessary because:
(1) Whilst fileservers have UUIDs that are meant to be globally unique, in
practice they are not because cells get cloned without changing the
UUIDs - so afs_server records need to be per cell.
(2) Sometimes the DNS is used to make cell aliases - but if we don't know
they're the same, we may end up with multiple superblocks and multiple
afs_server records for the same thing, impairing our ability to
deliver callback notifications of third party changes
(3) The fileserver RPC API doesn't contain the cell name, so it can't tell
us which cell it's notifying and can't see that a change made to to
one cell should notify the same client that's also accessed as the
other cell.
Reported-by: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2020-04-25 09:26:02 +00:00
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vl_alias.o \
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2018-10-19 23:57:57 +00:00
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vl_list.o \
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2018-10-19 23:57:59 +00:00
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vl_probe.o \
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vl_rotate.o \
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AFS: implement basic file write support
Implement support for writing to regular AFS files, including:
(1) write
(2) truncate
(3) fsync, fdatasync
(4) chmod, chown, chgrp, utime.
AFS writeback attempts to batch writes into as chunks as large as it can manage
up to the point that it writes back 65535 pages in one chunk or it meets a
locked page.
Furthermore, if a page has been written to using a particular key, then should
another write to that page use some other key, the first write will be flushed
before the second is allowed to take place. If the first write fails due to a
security error, then the page will be scrapped and reread before the second
write takes place.
If a page is dirty and the callback on it is broken by the server, then the
dirty data is not discarded (same behaviour as NFS).
Shared-writable mappings are not supported by this patch.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix a bunch of warnings]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-09 09:33:46 +00:00
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volume.o \
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2017-07-06 14:50:27 +00:00
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write.o \
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2018-10-19 23:57:58 +00:00
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xattr.o \
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yfsclient.o
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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2018-06-05 09:54:24 +00:00
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kafs-$(CONFIG_PROC_FS) += proc.o
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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obj-$(CONFIG_AFS_FS) := kafs.o
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